高考英语一轮复习一语法基础考点七情态动词和虚拟语气

考点七情态动词和虚拟语气

限时25分钟

一、单句语法填空

1．We ________ (enjoy) the sunshine in Sanya now if it were not for the delay of our flight．

答案：would be enjoying句意：要不是耽搁了航班，我们现在正在三亚享受阳光。根据后面的“now”和“if it were not for ．．．”可知，此处是对现在状况的虚拟，故主句用would be doing。

2．When I was small, my mom ________ read me stories at night．

答案：would句意：当我小时候，我母亲常常在晚上给我读故事。would “过去常常”，表示过去的习惯性的行为。

3．The accident ________ have been caused by a dog running across the road, but we don't know for sure．

答案：might句意：事故可能是由一条横穿马路的狗引起的，但我们不确定。分析句子可知，本句是对过去动作的推测，可能性不大，故填might。

4．He looked so hungry as though he ________ (eat) a decent meal for a month．答案：hadn't eaten句意：他看起来如此饿好像已有一个月没有吃过一顿像样的饭了。由主句中的looked可知，as if/though后面跟过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。

5．I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise, I ________ (keep) you waiting for such a long time．

答案：wouldn't have kept句意：我在交通堵塞中被困了一个多小时，否则我不会让你等这么长时间。句中用了虚拟语气，otherwise说明的从句内容和过去事实相反，指如果不被交通阻塞困住，主句谓语动词用“would/should/could/might ＋have＋过去分词”形式。

6．Although passing the driving test ________ be difficult now, it's worth the

efforts．

答案：can句意：虽然现在通过驾驶考试可能是困难的，但付出的努力是值得的。此处用can表示有时可能会，故填can。

7．My mother ________ (be) angry with me, but I couldn't shut my mouth before I shouted at her!

答案：wouldn't have been句意：我母亲本来不会对我生气的，但在我对她大叫之前，我不能闭上嘴！wouldn't have done “本来不会做某事”。

8．I'm not sure of the reason for the dog's illness, but it ________ (cause) by eating too much．

答案：may have been caused句意：我不能肯定狗生病的原因，但它也许是因为吃得太多了。根据前句“I'm not sure of the reason for the dog's illness”可知，这里为不肯定的推测，故用may have done “可能做某事”；由于dog's illness与cause 之间为被动关系，故答案为may have been caused。

9．—Can I pay the bill by check?

—Sorry, sir．But it is the rule of our hotel that payment ________ be made in cash．

答案：shall句意：——我可以用支票付账吗？——对不起，先生。但这是我们酒店的规定，应当以现金付款。shall可以在法律条文、规章制度中表示规定或义务等，此处是旅馆的规定。

10．Passengers ________ talk to the driver while the bus is moving, because it will take his focus off the road．

答案：mustn't句意：当公共汽车开动时，乘客不得与司机交谈，因为这将把他的注意力从路上转移开来。此处表示“禁止，不允许”，故用mustn't。

11．David didn't attend his daughter's graduation ceremony, but he does wish he ________ (be) there．

答案：had been句意：戴维没有参加女儿的毕业典礼，但他确实希望他能在那里。这里wish后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，用过去完成时。

12．Even a small personal computer ________ store vast amounts of information．答案：can句意：即使是一台小型个人电脑也能储存大量的信息。此处表示一种能力，故填can。

13．The report is scheduled to be handed in tomorrow, so he ________ (attend) the concert with his family yesterday．

答案：couldn't have attended句意：这份报告定于明天提交，昨天他不可能和家人去听音乐会。couldn't have done表示对过去事情有把握的否定推测，意为“不可能已经做了某事”。

14．I am sorry I am very busy now．If I ________ (have) time, I would certainly go to the movies with you．

答案：had根据前面的“I am sorry I am very busy now．”可知，是对现在的虚拟，if从句中使用一般过去时。

15．It ________ well be the largest cathedral in the world．

答案：may句意：它很可能是世界上最大的大教堂。may与well连用，表“很可能”。

16．Most green tea drinkers do not add milk or sugar, but you ________ if you like．

答案：can句意：大部分喝绿茶的人不(往茶里)加牛奶或糖，但是如果你喜欢，你可以加。can表示许可，符合句意。

17．The head teacher demanded that the paper ________ (finish) after class．

答案：(should) be finished demand后的宾语从句应该用虚拟语气，即“(should ＋)动词原形”，由于finish与the paper之间存在动宾关系，所以用被动语态。

18．How I wish I ________ (have) the chance to watch the football games with my father, who was a reporter there．

答案：had had wish从句用虚拟语气，根据逗号后面的非限制性定语从句中的谓语动词was可知，这里表示的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，因此应用过去完成时。

19．There was a lot of fun at yesterday's party．You ________ (come), but why didn't you?

答案：should have come句意：昨天的聚会很有趣。你本应该来，为什么没来呀？should have done sth．表示本应该做某事而实际上没做。

20．Antarctica was so mystically described by some people．If only I ________ (be) there!

答案：had been句意：南极洲被一些人描述得很神奇。如果我去过那里就好了！if only “要是……就好了”引导的句子应使用虚拟语气，表示与过去情况相反的假设，应使用过去完成时，故答案为had been。

21．It ________ (be) Mr Black because he is away on a trip to China．

答案：can't be句意：那人不可能是布莱克先生，因为他去中国旅游了。根据because引导的原因状语从句的内容可知，说话者的推测是很有把握的。表示非常有把握的否定推测应该用can't。

22．You ________ as well tell us now; we'll find out sooner or later．

答案：may/might句意：你最好现在告诉我们，我们迟早会查明的。may/might as well是固定搭配，意为“最好，倒不如”。

23．The door ________ open, no matter how hard she pushed．

答案：wouldn't句意：无论她怎么用力推，门总是打不开。主语The door为物，且pushed表示过去，故填wouldn't表示一种倾向性。

24．________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the football match．

答案：Should本句中条件句是对将来状况的虚拟，当条件句中有助动词had, were, should时，可以将if省略，把这些助动词放在句首，构成倒装结构。

25．—________ you interrupt now? Can't you see I'm on the phone?

—Sorry, sir, but it's urgent．

答案：Must根据第二个问句可知，此处应用must, 意为“非要……，偏要……”，用来告诉某人他的举止使你很生气或困扰。

二、单句改错

1．If he studies at this school, he would know you well．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：studies→studied句意：如果他在这所学校学习的话，他会对你很熟悉。根据后面的主句“would know”可知，本句是对现在的虚拟，故从句应该用一般过去时。

2．The order came that the medical supplies are sent to the countryside．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：are→(should) be此句中that引导同位语从句，解释前面的order 的内容，order后面的从句应该使用虚拟语气“(should) do”的结构，故将are改为be。

3．He mustn't be a basketball player, because he is much too short．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：mustn't→can't句意：他不可能是一个篮球运动员，因为他个子矮。表示不可能，应该是can't，表示否定的推测，而mustn't表示“禁止”。

4．Robert's new book about space exploration is fantastic．You simply could read it．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：could→must句意：罗伯特写的关于太空探索的新书太好了，你一定要读一读。根据句意可知应用must，故将could改为must。

5．Has he learnt about computer, we would have hired him to work here．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：Has→Had句意：如果他懂一些电脑知识的话，我们就聘用他来这里工作了。当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可省略，而将were, should, had置于句首。

6．If we booked a table earlier, we wouldn't be standing here in a queue．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：booked前加had句意：如果早一点定位子的话，现在我们就不用站在这里排队了。此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，故在booked前加had。

7．All of us love the weekends, because we can't get up early on Saturdays and Sundays．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：can't→needn't根据语境，表示不必，而不是不能，故将can't改为needn't。

8．He might have gone to bed, for the light was out．

__________________________________________________________________

答案：might→must句意：他一定已经上床睡觉了，因为灯已经灭了。must have done表示对过去已经发生的事情的肯定推测。might have done “可能做过某事”，表示对过去已经发生的事情把握不大的推测。

9．He commanded that roads built to link castles across the land．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：built前加(should) be command后面的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，且roads 和build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故在built前加(should) be。

10．We must go to the concert tonight, but we are not sure yet．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：must→may句意：我们今天晚上有可能去听音乐会，但是还不确定。must表示肯定的猜测，而may “可能会”表示把握不大的推测。

11．I wish I was a bird and could fly freely in the blue sky．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：was→were wish后的从句常用虚拟语气，根据语境可知，这里应表示与现在情况相反的虚拟语气，be动词常用were。

12．You need have studied that late last night．It was harmful to your health．__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：need→needn't由后面的句子可知，前一句句意为“昨天晚上你不必学到那么晚”，因此应用need的否定形式。needn't have done “本不必做某事(而实际上做了)”。

13．It has been announced that students might remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：might→shall句意：根据宣布的内容，学生必须留在自己的座位上直到所有的试卷收完为止。在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示规定或义务等，应用

14．We would as well stay where we are, because the outside is unsafe．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：would→may/might句意：我们最好待在现在待的地方，因为外面不安全。“may/might as well＋动词原形”为固定用法，意思是“不妨做……，最好做……”。

15．We can have visited Peking University, but we spent too much time shopping．__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：can→could句意：我们原本可以参观北京大学的，但是我们购物花了太多时间。could have done sth．“本能做某事(而实际上未做)”，表示对过去未能实现的动作的一种责备或惋惜之情。

情态动词

一、can/could

1．表示能力：can表示现在的能力，could表示过去的能力；2．表可能性：一般用于否定句及疑问句中，could也可用于肯定句，can用于肯定句中时表示理论上的可能性或一时的可能性，常译为“有时候会”；3．表示许可：could表示委婉、客气的语气，但回答时必须用can。

Although he is only four, he can play the piano．

That can't be Mary, for she is in hospital．

Can I use your computer for a while?

—Could I borrow your bicycle?

—Yes, you can．/No, you can't．

二、may/might

1．表示请求、允许时，might比may更委婉、客气；2．表推测：表示把握性不大的推测，might表示的可能性比may更小；may/might as well do sth．“不妨做某事；还是做某事为好”。

Might I use your computer?

This pen may be Tom's．

You may_as_well_start at once．

三、shall/should

1．shall用于第一、三人称作主语的疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见；2．shall 用于第二、三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示命令、警告、许诺等；3．shall还可用在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示规定或义务等；4．should表示“应该”，表主观，而ought to(应该)表示客观；5．should可表示推测，意为“应该会；想必会”；6．should还可表示惊讶、意外等，意为“竟然”。

Shall he come in or wait outside?

You shall hand in the report tomorrow．

You should be careful when crossing the street．

I don't know why you should think that I did it．

四、must/have to

1．must表示非常有把握的推测，仅用于肯定句中；2．表示“必须；不得不”，must侧重主观，have to侧重客观；3．must还可表示“偏要，非要”，表示说话者不耐烦或与自己愿望相反；4．在回答must的问句时，否定回答通常用needn't 或don't have to (mustn't表禁止，不表义务)。

You must be tired now．

If you must know the secret, I can tell you．

—Must I clean the room at once?

—Yes, you must．

—No, you needn't/don't_have_to．

五、will/would

1．表示意愿、决心等；2．用于第二人称作主语的疑问句中表示请求；3．表示习惯或反复发生的动作，will表示现在，would表示过去；4．表示按规律“注定会”。

I won't argue with you．

Would you mind closing the door?

Oil will float on water．

We would sit around Grandpa after supper, listening to his stories．

六、need/dare

need “需要”，dare “敢”，二者都既可作情态动词也可作实义动词。

You needn't come so early．

She dare_not go out alone at night．

That boy says it as loudly as he dares．

I need_to_go to Beijing this Sunday to attend a book fair．

七、“情态动词＋have done”结构

must have done “过去肯定/准是/一定发生了……”(表肯定推测)，否定式为：can't/couldn't have done

should/ought to have done “本应该做而实际未做”

shouldn't/oughtn't to have done “本不该做而实际做了”

needn't have done “本不必做而实际做了”

might/could have done “可能做了……”

could have done “本来能够做……”

限时25分钟

一、单句语法填空

1．(2018·北京高考)In today's information age, the loss of data ________ cause serious problems for a company．

答案：can句意：在当今信息时代，数据丢失有时会给一个公司造成严重的问题。can表示“有时会”。

2．(2018·北京高考)They might have found a better hotel if they ________ (drive) a few more kilometers．

答案：had driven句意：如果他们再开几公里的话，他们就会发现一个更好的旅馆了。分析主句中might have found可知，是对过去的推测，从句中应使用过去完成时，故填had driven。

3．(2018·天津高考)I can't find my purse．I ________ (leave) it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure．

答案：could/might have left句意：我找不到我的钱包了。昨天我有可能把它

落到超市了，但我不确定。根据句子中的时间状语“yesterday”可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用“情态动词＋have done”的结构。再根据后面的“but I'm not sure”可知，表示不太肯定的推测，故用could/might have left。

4．(2018·天津高考)If we ________ (catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now．

答案：had caught句意：如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话，现在我们正在海滩享受我们的假日了。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知，从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，故用had done。

5．(2018·江苏高考)It's strange that he ________ have taken the books without the owner's permission．

答案：should句意：真奇怪，他竟然未经主人允许就拿走了这些书。在句型“It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that ．．．”中，其中由that引导的主语从句中用“should＋动词原形”。

6．(2018·江苏高考)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I ________ (have) a second chance to become more involved．

答案：had句意：在这个村里有很好的社交生活，我希望还有第二次机会去更多地参与。本题考查wish引导的宾语从句，表示与现在事实相反的愿望，所以从句用一般过去时。

7．(2017·天津高考)An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars, introduced earlier this year, insists that a human “________ (be) watchful and monitoring the r oad” at every moment．

答案：(should) be insist表示“坚决要求”讲时，后面的从句要用虚拟语气。

8．(2017·江苏高考)Son：Mum, ________ we go and see a film tonight?

Mother：Why bother? We can stay at home and watch films online．It's convenient with our new and faster network．

答案：shall儿子征询妈妈的意见问是否可以晚上出去看电影。shall用在第一、三人称的疑问句中表示征求对方的意见或者建议。

9．(2018·山西太原高三期末)Secondly, we ________ to show our respect for our parents and do what we can to help them．

答案：ought句意：第二，我们应当尊敬我们的父母并且尽力去帮助他们。

ought to “应当，应该”，表示一种责任和义务。

10．(2017·江苏高考)________ (be) it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty．

答案：Were句意：如果没有老师们的支持，这名学生不可能战胜困难。此处表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句中谓语动词用were；在非真实条件句中，如果if从句中有should, had或were时，可以省略if，而把should, had或were提至主语前，形成部分倒装，故答案为Were。

11．(2018·河北唐山一次调研)Knowing his son's death could ________ (avoid) if he had only called the doctor, he always felt he was guilty．

答案：have been avoided句意：得知要是他请了医生的话，他儿子就不会死，他总是感到很内疚。his son's death与avoid为被动关系，故设空处需用被动语态；设空处是对过去的事情的假设，设空处前为情态动词，故需用“情态动词＋have been＋过去分词”形式，因此填have been avoided。

12．(2016·浙江高考)________ (have) the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005．答案：Had句意：如果政府和科学家没有共同努力，与艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2005年的最高点下降。本句为虚拟语气，从句省略了if，并使用了倒装句式。根据主句的“would not have fallen ．．．in 2005”可知，这里是表示对过去的虚拟，所以用had。

13．(2016·北京高考)Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ________ (tell) me, I could have helped．

答案：had told句意：上个星期你为什么不告诉我你的麻烦事？如果你告诉我了，我就能帮你。表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句用过去完成时，主句谓语用“情态动词＋have done”。

14．(2017·北京高考)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ________ easily reach the books on the top shelf．

答案：can句意：Samuel是我们班里最高的男孩，他可以轻松地够到书架顶层的书。can “能够”，表示能力，符合语境。

15．(2017·天津高考)—Do you have Betty's phone number?

—Yes．Otherwise, I ________ (be) able to reach her yesterday．

答案：wouldn't have been句意：——你有Betty的电话号码吗？——有，否则，昨天我就不能联系到她了。设空处是对过去发生的事情的虚拟，应该用would have done结构，此处要用否定形式。

16．(2017·北京高考)If the new safety system ________ (put) to use, the accident would never have happened．

答案：had been put句意：如果新的安全系统被投入使用，这起事故就不会发生了。根据题干中的主句谓语部分“would never have happened”可知，此处是对过去发生的事进行虚拟，因此if引导的从句谓语部分应为had done。再结合语境，可知用被动语态。

17．(2017·天津高考)My room is a mess, but I ________ clean it before I go out tonight．I can do it in the morning．

答案：needn't句意：我的房间很乱，但是在今晚外出之前我不必打扫它，我可以早晨打扫。设空处表示不必，所以用needn't。

18．(2018·天津模拟)In winter, you ________ never be too cautious when you are driving in snow．

答案：can句意：在冬天，你在雪地里开车时怎么小心都不过分。cannot ．．．too ．．．表示“无论怎样……都不过分”，cannot可用can never代替。

19．(2018·浙江温州八校联考)Since you have such good preparations, there ________ not be any problems about passing the coming job interview．答案：should句意：既然你准备得很充分，通过即将到来的工作面试应该没问题。根据since提供的原因“准备充分”可以判断出，此处表示应该不会有问题，表推测，故本空填情态动词should。

20．(2019·郑州质检)Today I am very busy．I would rather that you ________ (come) tomorrow．

答案：came句意：我今天很忙，我宁愿你明天过来。would rather后的从句用虚拟语气，表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词要用过去式。

21．(2018·哈尔滨师大附中高三二模)We waste so much time on social media, television commercials and worrying about life which we ________ (use) to practice a hobby．

答案：could have used句意：我们把太多的时间浪费在社交媒体上、电视广告上及对生活的担心上，而这些时间我们本可以用来从事一个业余爱好的。本可以做某事而没有做，使用“could have done”的形式。

22．(2019·昆明市高三摸底调研)When Muir discovered the Yosemite Valley in the Sierra Nevadas, it was as if he ________ (come) home．

答案：had come句意：当米尔在内华达山脉发现了约塞米蒂山谷的时候，就好像回到了家一样。as if连接的句子是对过去的一种假设，使用过去完成时。故填had come。

23．(2018·太原市高三第二次模拟)Morgan knew that more lives ________ (save) if he had been called sooner．

答案：might have been saved句意：摩根知道如果早点给他打电话的话，更多的生命将得到拯救。根据if从句是对过去的假设并分析句意可知，主句中谓语动词使用might have been saved。

24．(2018·安徽六校高三第二次联考)But for your error, it ________ (be) easier for you to pass the driving test．After all, you had high quality training．答案：might have been句意：要不是你的错误，你可能更容易通过驾驶考试。毕竟你接受了高质量的培训。此处是与过去事实相反的虚拟，故用might have been。

25．(2018·黑龙江双鸭山一中期中)I really thank you for your help．Without it I ________(succeed) in finding my lost key．

答案：wouldn't have succeeded句意：我真的感谢你的帮助。如果没有你的帮助，我就不会找到丢失的钥匙。此处是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，答案为wouldn't have succeeded。

二、单句改错

1．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：can→should或去掉can句意：一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹。suggest作动词，表示“建议”时，宾语从句的谓语通常用虚拟语气，即“(should ＋)动词原形”，故此处可把can改为should，也可去掉can。

2．(2018·吉林月考)I advised the person badly wounded sent to hospital．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：sent前加(should) be本句中badly wounded是过去分词短语作定语修饰person; advise后接宾语从句时用虚拟语气，即：(should＋)动词原形。由于person 与send之间是被动关系，故应用(should) be sent。

3．(2018·山东模拟)It is required by the rules that students should get grades not lower than 80 in any subjects in order to win the scholarship．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：should→shall当宣布法律、规定时，应用shall，意为“应该，必须”。

4．(2019·邯郸模拟)Thank you for your coming to help me tidy up my room, otherwise everything will be in a mess．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：will→would句意：谢谢你来帮我整理房间，否则一切都会乱糟糟的。otherwise连接的句子是与现在事实相反的虚拟，所以应用“would＋动词原形”。

5．(2018·桂林月考)My uncle is in poor health so the doctor strongly recommends that he takes a holiday．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：takes→(should) take句意：我的叔叔身体很差，所以医生强烈地建议他休假。recommend意思是“建议”，后接that从句，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“(should＋)动词原形”，should 可以省略。

6．(2018·衡水质检)We can't imagine that two children can be killed by the washing machine of their house．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：can→should句意：我们无法想象两个孩子竟然被他们家里的洗衣机绞死了。should在本句中意为“竟然”，表惊讶、意外等。

7．(2018·洛阳月考)It's so bad that I failed in the final exam．If only I worked hard

at it!

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：worked前加had句意：我期末考试不及格，这真是太糟糕了，要是我(之前)努力学习就好了！if only后面的从句要用虚拟语气，由failed可知，此处是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句中的谓语动词要用过去分词。

8．(2018·宜昌月考)If you told me that eating too many plums is not good for our health earlier, I wouldn't have a stomachache now．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：told前加had句意：如果你早点儿告诉我吃太多的李子对身体不好的话，我现在就不会胃疼了。本句是混合虚拟语气，从句表示对过去发生的事情的虚拟，谓语用“had done”形式，故应在told前加had。

9．(2018·银川模拟)She is always talking as though she knows everything under the sun．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：knows→knew句意暗含她不可能知道世界上所有的事情，因此此处要用虚拟语气，且是对现在情况的虚拟。所以句子用一般过去时。

10．(2019·安徽皖南八校联考)If he should not come tomorrow, we put off the meeting till next Wednesday．

__________________________________________________________________ ______

答案：we后加would/could/might/should句意：如果他明天不来的话，我们将把会议推迟到下周三。对将来情况的虚拟，主句谓语用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。

虚拟语气

一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法

1．基本用法

2．混合虚拟语气(错综时间条件句)

有时非真实条件从句的动作和主句的动作不同时发生，或主从句的动作有一个是事实，这种情况下谓语动词要根据各自的具体情况来确定。

If it had_rained last night, it would_be wet now．

3．含蓄虚拟语气

有时非真实条件不是通过if引导的条件句来表现的，而是通过一些词或短语来表示，如：without, but for, otherwise, but等。

I couldn't_have_finished the work on time without your help．

But_for your timely warning, we would_have_got_into great trouble．

4．非真实条件句中省略if的用法

如果非真实条件句的谓语动词中有had, were, should，可省略if，而将had, were, should提前形成部分倒装。

Had he taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake．

Should it be sunny tomorrow, we would go hiking．

Were there no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth．

二、虚拟语气用于其他从句中

1．用于表示要求、命令、建议、推荐等意义的动词，如：order, require, demand, suggest, advise, propose, command, request, insist, recommend等后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词为“(should＋)动词原形”。由上述动词派生或转化的名词的同位语从句或表语从句中也要用虚拟语气。

The teacher ordered that all of the students (should)_be here on time．

We followed his advice that we (should)_give up the plan．

His suggestion is that we (should)_accept these gifts．

注意：①suggest作“建议”讲时，后面的从句用虚拟语气；作“暗示，表明”讲时，后面的从句用陈述语气。

I suggest that you (should)_come here early tomorrow．

All the evidence suggested that we were right．

②insist表示“坚决要求”或“坚持主张”之意时，其后用虚拟语气，即(should ＋)动词原形；但表示“坚持说，坚持认为”之意时，其后使用陈述语气。

She insists that we (should)_leave at 6：00 tomorrow morning, or we might miss the flight．

Little Tony insisted that he had_seen a man flying in the sky last night．

2．在as if, as though, if only引导的从句及wish引导的宾语从句中，与现在情况相反，从句谓语用过去式(be动词常用were)；与过去情况相反，从句谓语用“had ＋过去分词”；与将来情况相反，从句谓语用“would/could/might/should＋动词原形”。

He works with such enthusiasm as if he were never tired．

He talked about the film as if/as though he had really seen it．

3．在“It is desired/suggested/requested/recommended/ordered/strange/surprising/astonishing＋that 从句”中，谓语用“(should＋)动词原形”。

It is strange that the girl (should)_be so mean．

4．在“It is (about/high) time＋that从句”中，谓语动词常用过去式。

It is high time that people learnt English．

5．would rather后接宾语从句时，从句中要用虚拟语气。表示与现在或将来事实相反时，从句谓语动词用一般过去式(be用were)；表示与过去事实相反时，从句用过去完成时。

I would rather that you came next Saturday．

I would rather that I had_not_seen the film last night．