2019版高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit18Beauty教师用书北师大版选修6

Unit 18 Beauty

(对应学生用书第126页)

[单词拼写应用]

Ⅰ.考纲单词——会拼写、要识记

1．superior adj.高级的，上等的

2．adore vt.敬爱，非常喜欢3．breathless adj.令人屏息的

4．accompany vt.伴随，陪同

5．range n. (数、量、年龄等的)变化范围6．subjective adj.主观的

7．thrill n. 兴奋；恐惧

v. 使兴奋

8．deliver vt.递送，传送

9．delicate adj.精美的，雅致的

10．dignity n. 尊贵；庄严

11．vain adj.自负的，炫耀的

12．steady adj.平稳的；稳定的13．convey v. 传达，表达

14．vertical adj.垂直的，竖的15．conscience n. 良心

16．dimension n. 方面；度量

17．symphony n. 交响乐，交响曲18．polished adj.优雅的，精致的19．shabby adj.低劣的；肮脏破烂的20．abrupt adj.突然的，出其不意的

Ⅱ.派生单词——能辨别

1．commit vt.犯(错误、罪行等)

→commitment n. 责任，义务，承诺

2．consistent adj.一致的，始终如一的

→consistency n. 连贯性，一致性

3．command n. 命令，指挥

→commander n. 指挥官

4．access n. 接近，进入，通道，利用……的权利/机会→accessible adj.容易理解的

5．refresh vt.消除……的疲劳，使振作精神

→refreshing adj.使人精神振作的

→refreshment n. 恢复精神，心旷神怡

6．disturb v. 打扰，使不安

→disturbing adj.使人烦恼的

→disturbance n. 扰乱，骚乱，不安

7．tend v. 有……的趋势，倾向

于……

→tendency n. 倾向，趋势

8．freeze v. 将……冷冻，冻僵

→freezing adj.严寒的，冰冻的

9．bend v. 弯曲

n. 弯曲，转弯处

→bent adj.弯曲的

10．treat vt.对待

→treatment n. 对待，处理

11．strike vt.打；打动

n. 罢工，打击

→striking adj.引人注目的，突出的

12．evident adj.明显的，明白的

→evidence n. 证据；征兆

13．recommend vt.推荐，介绍

→recommendation n. 推荐，介绍

14．breath n. 呼吸

→breathe v. 呼吸

→breathless adj.令人屏息的

15．affect vt.影响；打动

→affection n. 爱慕；钟爱

Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)

1．Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz，make the music more accessible(access)，and preserve its history and culture.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)

2．Now we have the most direct evidence(evident) yet that he is right.(2017·北京高考)

3．I was completely breathless(breathe) when I got to the top of the mountain. 4．He remained consistent(consist) in his opposition to anything new.

5．He felt refreshment(refresh) after he talked with his girlfriend.

6．He had a novel and disturbing(disturb) experience last year.

7．The secretary abruptly(abrupt) left the conference room.

8．The commander commanded that all actions should be at his command．(command) 9．There is an increasing tendency that more and more famous people tend to send their children to study abroad.(tendency)

10．To be a member of the team，I need your

recommendation．Can you recommend me to your teacher？(recommend)

[拓展联想]

“观点，态度”形容词荟萃

①positive积极的

②subjective 主观的

③neutral 中立的

④objective 客观的

⑤negative 消极的

⑥critical 批评的

⑦doubtful 怀疑的

⑧approving 赞许的

“命令，指示”集锦

①command ②order

③direction ④instruction

“打”之动词全扫描

①strike ②beat

③hit ④knock

⑤pat ⑥whip

“喜欢”词汇个个清

①adore ②enjoy

③love/like ④prefer

⑤feel like ⑥be keen on

⑦be addicted to

Ⅰ.短语回顾——会默写

1．die out 完全消失，灭绝

2．compare to/with 与……比较起来

3．hang on a second 等一下

4．a set of 一套

5．fall in love with... 爱上……

6．be keen on... 热衷于……，非常喜欢……

7．lose sight of 看不见，消失

8．deal with 对付；处理

9．in charge of 负责；管理

10．in an instant 立即，马上；突然

11．be trapped in... 被困在……中

12．to be honest 说实话

13．bits and pieces 各种各样的零碎东西

14．in preparation for 为……作准备

15．rely on 依靠，依赖

1．The species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed. 2．To be honest，I don't think your team can get the first place in the match. 3．They had their marriage house repainted in preparation for the wedding.

4．If you like astronomy，you may be keen on collecting stamps describing the stars，planets，spacecraft，spacemen，etc.

5．Compared to/with his brother，he is very lucky.

6．Mr. Li is in charge of the big company while I'm away.

7．They fell in love with each other at first sight.

8．Don't rely on him to do anything；he's just a talker.

9．He was trapped in the crashed car and couldn't move his legs.

10．His mother bought him a set of novels of Dickens when he was at middle school. 11．His work experience equipped him to deal with all kinds of people.

12．I watched the plane go higher and higher until I lost sight of it.

[拓展联想]

“sight”短语清单

①lose one's sight 失明

②catch sight of 看见

③at the sight of 一看见……(就)

④at first sight 乍一看

⑤lose sight of 看不见

“in＋n.＋o f”短语全接触

①in case of以防；如果

②in favour of 赞成，支持

③in honour of 纪念

④in need of 需要

⑤in charge of 负责；管理

“to be honest”相似短语精选

①to be frank 坦率地说

②to be sure 确定地说

③to be more exact 更准确地说

④to start/begin with 首先

⑤to tell(you) the truth 实话告诉你

教材原句——会背诵句式仿写——能应用

1.否定转移结构 1.我想他无法回答这个问题，是吗？

Oh，I don't think that's fair！I don't think he can answer the question，

can he？

2.so引导的部分倒装句

So do I...

2.我比我们班的大多数学生都安静一些，她

也是。

I am quieter than most students in our

class，and so is she.

3.独立主格结构

Eyes raised，I see the moon so

bright；Head bent，in homesickness

I am drowned.

3.问题解决了，质量已经提高了。

The problem solved，the quality has been

improved.

(对应学生用书第128页)

精讲7个考纲单词

accompany vt.伴随，陪同

[教材原句] Physical beauty must also be accompanied by an attraction to something deeper within a person.

外在美一定伴有一个人的内在魅力。

(1)accompany sb. to a place 陪同某人到某地

be accompanied by sb. 在某人的陪同下/被某人伴随

accompany sb. at/on sth. 用某物给某人伴奏

accompany...with/by 与……同时存在或发生

(2)company n. [C]公司；[U]陪伴；伙伴

keep sb. company 和某人一道；陪伴某人

(3)companion n. [C]同伴，伙伴；伴侣；陪客

②Liu Qian's performance was accompanied at/on the piano by Li Yundi.

刘谦的表演由李云迪的钢琴作伴奏。

③Last night，my company/companions kept me company to see a film and then they accompanied me to my home.昨天晚上，我的伙伴们陪我看了一场电影后陪我回了家。

command n．[C]命令；指令；[U]掌握

vt.命令；指挥；支配；博得；赢得

[经典例句] The party was no longer able to command a majority in Parliament.(牛津词典)该党已不再能够在国会中占有多数。

(1)at one's command 听某人支配

have a(good)command of 掌握；精通(尤指语言)

(be)in command of 掌握；控制

take command of 控制；担任……的指挥

(2)command sb.to do sth. 命令某人做某事

command that...(should)do...

命令……做……

①As the boy rose at his command and came slowly towards him，he leaned back and laughed.

当孩子听从他的命令，站起身来，慢慢地走向他的时候，他却把身子往后一仰，大笑起来。

②The police commanded the witness to describe what had happened the day before. ＝The police commanded that the witness (should) describe what had happened the day before.(describe)

警察要求目击者描述一下前一天所发生的事情。

链接写作

【导学号：33220066】在中国，我们可以向精通剪纸的专家学习。(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)

①(普通表达)We can learn from the Chinese experts who are good at paper-cutting.

②(高级表达)We can learn from the Chinese experts who have a good command of paper-cutting.

deliver vt.递送，传送；发表(演讲等)；履行诺言；交出；移交

[高考佳句] By means of controlled release，I can deliver my books to some specific person，which means I can know where my books go and who likes reading the same books as me.(2015·重庆高考·写作)通过定向分享的方式，我可以将自己的书交给某个特定的人，这意味着我可以知道自己的书在哪里和谁喜欢和我读同样的书。

deliver sb./sth. to sb. 把某人/某物递送/传递给某人

deliver a speech 做演讲

deliver sb./sth.(up/over)to sb. 将某人/某物移交给某人

①The president will deliver a speech about schools.

校长将就学校问题发表讲话。

②Would you deliver my message to your mother?

你可以帮我传口信给你母亲吗？

③She was delivered of a healthy boy.

她生了一个健康的男孩儿。

convey vt.传达，表达；运送，搬运

[教材原句] It conveys the poet's affection for a peaceful night.

它表达了诗人对宁静的夜晚的喜爱。

(1)convey one's feelings/meanings

表达感情/意思

convey sth. to sb. 向某人表达/传达某物

(2)convey sb./sth. from A to B

把某人或某物从A地运送到B地

我想告诉孩子们，阅读是人生中最大的乐事之一。

②The workers are conveyed by bus from the factory to their homes.工人们由公共汽车从工厂送到家。

treat vt.对待，处理；治疗；款待，请客

n．[C]乐事；乐趣；款待

[高考佳句] The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment，allowing more patients to be treated.(2017·天津高考)医院最近获得了新的医疗设备，从而使更多的病人得到治疗成为可能。

(1)treat sb. well/badly 善待/虐待某人

treat sb. for sth. with sth. 用某物为某人治疗某疾病

treat...as... 把……看作……

treat sb./oneself to 用……款待某人/自己

(2)be one's treat 某人请客

(3)treatment n. 治疗

seriously.

价值来源是一个需要严肃对待和不容忽视的问题。

②We are treating Mom to dinner for her birthday.

因为妈妈过生日，我们打算请她吃晚餐。

③Now，electric shock training and medical treatment (treat) are helping to rescue these big birds.(2016·北京高考·阅读理解C)

现在，电击训练和医疗护理有助于营救这些大鸟。

strike vt.打；打动；撞击；(时钟)报时；攻击；侵袭；爆发；突然想到 n．袭击；罢工

[教材原句] Although it is in black and white，the striking use of light makes it seem at times like a moving painting.尽管电影是黑白的，但是引人注目的灯光效果使电影不时地看起来像一幅移动的油画。

(1)be struck with/by... 为……所袭击/感动

It strikes sb. that... 某人觉得……；某人的印象是……

sth. strike sb.＝sb. strike on sth.

某人突然想起/猛然意识到

(2)be on strike 在罢工

go on strike 举行罢工

(3)striking adj.引人注目的；异乎寻常的；显著的

①Staff at the hospital went on strike in protest at the incidents.医院员工举行罢工，抗议这几起事件。

②What is most striking is how resourceful the children are.最令人注目的是孩子们的机智聪明。

③It strikes me that you are not serious about it.

我觉得你并未把这事当真。

链接写作

(普通表达)They were struck by the beauty of its buildings on their previous visit，so they decided to visit the small old town again.

(高级表达)Struck by the beauty of its buildings on their previous visit, they decided to visit the small old town again.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)

recommend vt.推荐，介绍；劝告，建议

[经典例句] She was recommended for the post by a colleague.(牛津词典)

她由一个同事推荐到这个岗位。

(1)recommend sb. as 推荐某人为……

recommend sb. sth.＝recommend sth. to sb.

向某人推荐某物 (2)recommend sb. to do sth.

建议某人做某事 recommend doing sth. 建议做某事

?????recommend ＋that...It is recommended that... 建议……[从句中的谓语动词用（should ＋）动词原形] ①The doctor recommended his patient to go out for a walk.医生建议他的病人出去散散步。

②He recommended reading (read) the book before seeing the movie.

他建议先看这本书，再去看那部电影。 链接写作

【导学号：33220067】

他建议我接受她的邀请。

①He recommended me to accept her invitation.(recommend sb. to do sth.)

②He recommended that I (should) accept her invitation ．(recommend ＋从句)

诠释2个核心短语

die out 完全消失，灭绝

[教材原句] The human race would soon die out if we could only see beauty within a set of limited criteria.如果我们只能够用一套有限的标准来衡量美，人类不久将灭绝。 die away

(声音或感情等)慢慢变弱；渐渐消失 die down

(火、风暴、疼痛等)减弱；平息 die off

先后死去；一一灭亡 die of/from

死于 die for 为……而死

died down completely 虽然风停了，但空气还是跟先前一样的冷。

②The sheep the old man raised died off one by one.

老人饲养的绵羊一只只相继死去。

③The man died from the snake's biting.

那人死于蛇的咬伤。

deal with处理，对付；涉及；论述；

与……交易，跟……做生意

[一词多义] 写出下列句中deal with的含义

①Deal with a man as he deals with you.对付

②In his early books，he dealt with the disease in detail.论述

③We like to deal with that company，for their products are of high quality.跟……做生意

④Don't worry about him.He knows how to deal with the problem.处理

[名师点津] do with与deal with的意思相同，但用法不同。do with与what连用，而deal with与how连用。

I don't know how they will deal with the account.

＝I don't know what they will do with the account.

我不知道他们将如何处理那个账户。

突破2个高考句型

(教材P37)So do I... 我也一样……

本句为倒装句，为“so＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”结构，表示前面所讲的肯定的情况也适合于后者，前后两个主语不一致，即“……的情况也是如此”。

(1)这一句型的否定形式为“neither/nor＋be动词/情态动词/助动词＋主语”。表示主语与上文所述的人或物有相同的否定概念。

(2)“so＋主语＋助动词/be动词/情态动词”表示对前面提到的事情予以肯定，意为“某人/某事的确是这样”，前后主语一致。

(3)若前句既有实义动词又有情态动词，或既有肯定又有否定或两个以上的主语时，则用It is the same with...或So it is with...句型。

我对这个消息感到兴奋，我的朋友玛丽和汤姆也是。

②I don't know where he has gone，nor do I care about.我不知道他去哪里了，我也不关心。

③—I reminded you not to forget the appointment.

—So you did.But I did forget.

——我提醒过你别忘了约定。

——你确实提醒了。但我真的忘了。

④He came late ，but he was not punished.So it was with me/It was the same with me ． 他来晚了，但没有受到惩罚。我也是。

链接写作

【导学号：33220068】 ①(普通表达)I enjoy watching the film.My friend Tom enjoys watching it as well. (高级表达)I enjoy watching the film and so does my friend Tom.(so ＋助动词＋主语) ②(普通表达)His parents were not satisfied with the result of the exam.The teacher was not satisfied either.

(高级表达)His parents were not satisfied with the result of the exam ，neither/nor was the teacher.(neither/nor ＋be 动词＋主语)

(教材P 38)Eyes raised ，I see the moon so bright ；Head bent ，in homesickness I am drowned.举头望明月，低头思故乡。

Eyes raised 与Head bent 为两个独立主格结构作状语，名词与其后的动词为被动关系。 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子主语不同，独立存在；在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件或伴随情况。其构成是：

名词/代词＋(逻辑主语)?????形容词/副词/介词短语现在分词过去分词不定式 ＝The test finished (finish)，we began our holiday.

考试结束了，我们的假期开始了。

②If weather permits ，we are going to visit you tomorrow.＝Weather permitting ，we are going to visit you tomorrow.(permit)

如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。

③Nobody to come (come) tomorrow ，we will have to put off the meeting till next week.如果明天没有人来，我们将不得不把会议推迟到下周。

[多角快练]——练单词 练短语 练句型————————————————

(对应学生用书第131页)

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．It struck me that I had left my purse at home.

2．I have a tendency to talk (talk) too much when I'm nervous.

3．If you buy our products in great quantity，we'll have them delivered (deliver) to your company directly.

4．Compared (compare) with before，his health is worse off.

5．The superstar showed up at the court，accompanied (accompany) by his manager. 6．In many people's opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant to deal (deal) with.

7．The cost of renting a house in central Xi'an is higher than that in any other area of the city.

8．Police say they're treating it as a case of attempted murder.

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．He was listening attentively in class，his eyes fixing on the blackboard.

fixing→fixed

2．She treated each of the children with an apple.

with→to

3．Helen was chosen for the job because she was far superior than any other candidate.

than→to

4．He commanded that the soldiers started out right away.

started→start

5．We don't suppose he cares，doesn't he?

doesn't→does

6．We cautiously began a conversation and spoke about wide range of things.

wide前加a

(对应学生用书第132页)

Ⅰ.课文语法填空

请根据Lesson 1的课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

As Margaret once 1.said(say) in the 19th-century，there was no consistent view on beauty.Standards and ideas of beauty change 2.across time.

Nowadays，some costumes and actions once 3.regarded (regard) as beauty in the 19th-century Europe is not considered healthy or attractive，4.while something now

regarded as fashion had different functions in the past.

5．In contemporary society，culture still determines our ideas of beauty.In some countries，people like 6.being (be) thinner，while in other cultures，people like being a little overweight.There are no precise criteria to judge 7.what beauty is.If beauty were limited by some criteria，the human race would soon die out.

There is 8.physical (physics) beauty as well as inner beauty.The latter is found in a wide range of personal qualities.It is inner beauty that requires us to 9.truly(true) see.Beauty is 10.certainly (certain) in the eye of the beholder. Ⅱ.写作改错双练

请根据提示，运用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。

1．作为一个小男孩，我认为我不是一个勇敢的孩子。(think的否定转移)

2．我父母都是医生，他们经常受命晚上工作。(be commanded to do)

3．有时候风雨交加我感到很害怕。(accompany)

4．这样的恐惧真是难以言表。(convey in words)

5．现在我可以勇敢地处理这种情况了。(do with)

第一步练写作

用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。

第二步练改错

下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处错误，请你帮他纠正过来。

Be a little boy, I didn't think I was a brave child. My parents both being doctors, they are often commanded to work at night. At times，accompanying fierce wind, heavy rain made it horrified.Such horror was extreme hard to convey in words. But present time I can do with this situation bravely.

【答案】

Be

a little boy, I didn't think I was a brave child. My parents both being

Being

doctors, they are were

often commanded to work at night. At times ，accompanying fierce wind, heavy rain made it horrified horrifying .Such horror was extreme extremely

hard to convey in words. But ∧

at present time I can do with this situation bravely.