英语名词复数的规则变化

名词复数变化

大家好！我们今天课程的主要内容是名词复数变化。

英语中名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词在应用时有单数和复数形式。表示一个用单数，表示两个或两个以上用复数。

复数名词的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化。

接下来我们将分为规则变化和不规则变化来讲解。首先是规则变化有以下几种规则：

The plural change of nouns

Hello, boys and girls! Today’s main content is the plural change of nouns.

In English, nouns can be divided into countable nouns and uncountable nouns.

Countable nouns are used in singular and plural forms. We use singular for one, plural for two or more.

The composition of plural nouns can be divided into regular and irregular changes.

Next we will be divided into regular change and irregular change to explain.

There are several rules for regular change:

第一，一般在名词词尾加s，

First, we usually add s at the end of a noun,

e.g. map—maps地图，bird—birds鸟，

orange—oranges 桔子，bike—bikes自行车；

第二，以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加es，

Second, we add es at the end of it, if a noun ends with s, x, ch, sh,

e.g. box—boxes盒子，class—classes班级，

watch—watches手表，dish-dishes盘，碟子，餐具；

第三，我们在以O结尾的名词后面加s或es,

Third, we add s or es, if the noun ends with an O,

e.g. photo—photos相片radio—radios收音机zoo—zoos动物园

tomato—tomatoes西红柿potato—potatoes土豆

第四，我们将变y为i，再加上es，如果名词以辅音字母加y结尾，

Fourth, we will change y toi and add es, if the noun ends with a consonant plus y,

e.g. baby—babies婴儿family—families家庭；

我们将直接加上s，如果名词以元音字母加y结尾，

We'll just add s if the noun ends with the vowel and y,

e.g. boy—boys男孩toy—toys 玩具；

第五，我们将变fe或f为ves，如果名词以fe或f结尾，

Fifth, we will change fe or f to ves, if the noun ends with fe or f,

e.g. knife—knives小刀wife—wives妻子leaf—leaves树叶。

Then, there are several rules for irregular change:

第一，特殊形式

First,Special form

e.g. child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth

mouse---mice man---men woman---women，

第二，单复数同形，

Second, the singular is the same as the plural,

e.g. deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese

第三，集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数，

Third, collective noun, which appear in singular form, are actually plural

e.g. people police cattle

第四，以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，

Fourth, a noun ends with an s, but it still singular,

e.g. 1. Subject nouns, maths，politics，physics an so on 学科名词

2. news 新闻is uncountable noun

3. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。Should be considered singular

4. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。

The title of the book, the title of the play, the name of the newspaper, the name of the magazine that appears in the plural can also be considered singular "The old man and the sea" is a very interesting story-book.

老人与海是一本非常有趣的故事书。

第五，表示由两部分构成的东西，

Fifth, it means something made of two parts,

e.g. glasses 眼镜trousers 裤子

这种情况下，若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair(对，双); suit(套);

In this case, if we want to express a specific number, we need to use quantifiers，like pair(对，双); suit(套);

e.g. a pair of glasses一副眼镜two pairs of trousers 两条裤子

第六，另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，

Sixth, there are also some nouns whose plural form can sometimes mean something special.

e.g. goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼it menas all kinds of fish