教你一招：2018年高考英语完形填空少丢分

完形填空以考察动词、名词、形容词和副词为主，不仅涉及到对文章上下文语境的理解，更会考察对以上四类词中近义词的辨析。益学和大家分享2018年高考英语完形填空中涉及到的这四类高频词和一个牢记完形填空技巧、口诀总结出来，供同学们对比记忆！

高中英语完形填空学习口诀：

文章首句要重视，全篇理解有启示。

记叙体裁为主体，通读全文明意旨。

填空多是实意词，四个选项巧设计，

词类范畴必同一。确定最佳靠逻辑，

字里行间找信息。个别填空借常识，

相近词义细辨析，习惯用法靠记忆，

复读反思再核实。

高中英语完形填空学习技巧：

1.充分利用首句信息

完形填空题首句往往不设空，往往是全文的关键句，或者称为主导句，要充分利用完形填空题首句的提示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，从而展开思维。

2.多角度的逻辑推理

完形填空题的解题过程首先是一个阅读的过程，必须把握作者的思路，通过联想、推测等方法，多换角度去思考问题，使自己的思维模式与作者的思维模式相吻合。

3.从上下文寻找线索

通读全文，理顺大意，根据上下文找出信息词是做好完形填空题的关键。近年高考试题逐渐摈弃单纯的语言分析考查，而越来越侧重逻辑推理判断。就空格而言，体现了以实词为主、虚词为辅的特点，而且几乎不暴露明显的语言错误，词语在特定的语境中所表达的陷含信息大都无法只凭字面或单从个别句子甚至若干句子的表面理解获知。因此，只有借助于上下文乃至全文语境的启示或限定才能够准确作出判断。

高考英语完形填空中涉及到的这四类高频词：

01 动词

1.“看”：look；see；watch；observe；notice；catch sight of；stare；glare；glance；glimpse；see a film；watch TV

2. “说”：telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth；talk with sb about sth；say sth；speak in English；whisper sth to sb；inform sb of sth；reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth；bargain；chat；repeat；explain；warn；remind；discuss；debate；figure；declare；claim；mention；admit；deny；describe；announce；introduce；complain

3. “叫”：cry；call；shout；scream；moan；sigh；quarrel

4. “问”：ask；interview；express；question

5. “答”：answer；respond；reply

6. “听”：listen to；hear；pick up；overhear

7. “笑”：smile；laugh；burst into laughter；burst out laughing

8. “哭”：cry；shed tears；weep；sob；burst into tears /burst out crying

9. “吃/喝”：eat/drink；sip；have a meal；have supper；toast；taste；treat sb to；help oneself to

10. “穿”：put on；wear；have on；be dressed in；make up；get changed；be in red；take off ；remove

11. “行”：walk ；run ；climb；jump；skip；slip；come/go；enter；move；drive；ride；fly；crawl

12. “坐”：sit down；be seated；seat oneself；take a seat，stand；lean

13. “睡/休息”：lie /on one’s back/on one's side/ on one’s stomach；stay in bed；have

a rest；take a nap；be asleep；bend；turn over；rest

14. “写”：dictate；write sth；describe；drop a line；draw；take down/write down

15. “拿/放”：take；bring；hold；carry；fetch；lif；put；lay；pull；push

16. “抓”：take hold of；seize；grasp；scratch

17. “打”：hit；beat；strike；blow；attack

18. “扔”：throw；drop；fall；wave；shake

19. “送”：send；deliver；give；offer；see off

20. “摸/抱”：ouch；fold；embrace；hug；hold；in one’s arms

21. “踢/碰”：kick；knock；tip

22. “找/查”：find；look for；find out；discover/explore；hunt for；search for；seek，seek for in search of；search sb；search sp. for sth；check；examine；test；inspect

23. “得”：get；obtain；acquire；gain；possess

24. “失”：lose；be lost /be missing/gone；great loss

25. “有”：have；own；conquer；occupy；possess

26. “无”：nothing left；the remaining thing；disappear；be missing /gone

27. “增/减”：rise / go up，drop；raise；bring down /reduce；increase/decrease

28. “买/卖”：buy；purchase；afford；pay；pay off ；pay for；sell；on sale；bargain；bill / cheque / cash/credit card/notes/coins；discounts

29. “存在/消失”：come into being；exist；appear；survive ；live；show；turn up；disappear；die；die out；pass away；be out of sight

30. “变化”：develop；improve ；become；grow；go+ bad /wrong/ sour；turn + colour；change /change into；reform

31. “成功/失败”：make it；succeed；make progress；come true；realize one’s dream；win；lose；fail to do；defeat；suffer loss；beat；turn sth. into reality

32. “努力”：try /manage；make efforts；attempt ；do one's best；do as much as one can to do

33. 祝贺：congratulate sb. on sth.；celebrate；observe；get together

34. 敬佩：admire；respect；show respect for/to；adore；envy ；be jealousy

35. 赞美/批评：praise；think highly of；blame sb for sth；sb is to blame；criticize /scold sb. for sth.；have a low opinion of sb；speak ill of

36. 喜/恶：like；love；be fond of ；be keen on；be crazy about；adore；be into；prefer；enjoy；dislike hate；ignore

37. 到达：arrive at；reach；return to；get to；stay in sp.；visit；leave；leave for

38. 受伤：hurt ；injure；wound；cut；kill；drown；bleed；get burnt；suffer from；suffer a loss

39. 损坏：damage；destroy；ruin；break down；crash；be broken

40. 修复：repair；rebuild；restore；fix；recover oneself

41. “认识的过程”：feel；sense；guess；suppose；wonder；doubt；know /learn realize understand remember；be familiar with；recall；recite；apply to

42. 认为；判断：think；believe；consider；find；feel；conclude；infer；doubt

43. 想/考虑：think of…as...；think about；consider；think over

44. 支持/反对：agree；disagree；accept；receive；refuse；turn down；be against；elect；vote for/ against

45. 花费：sth/doing sth+cost；sb+spend+ (in) doing sth；sb+afford +n/to do sth ；It +takes/took some time/ money/energy to do sth；sb pay some money for sth.

46. 省/存钱：save /save up；set aside；put away

47. 参加：take part in；join /join in；attend；compete in/ for/against

48. 控告：accuse sb. of；charge sb. with

49. 救治/帮助：help /help out；save /rescue sb from sth.；treat；cure sb. of sth；aid sb in doing sth / to do sth；help sb with sth；assist sb in doing sth

50. 逃避：run away；escape from；flee；hide

51. 阻止/禁止：prevent / keep/ stop sb. from doing sth；forbid doing sth.；ban；prohibit

52. 对付/处理：handle / do with / deal with /tackle /overcome sth ；solve；settle

53. 效仿：copy；imitate；learn from；learn

54. 爆发/发生：come about；happen to；take place；break out；burst out；go off；explode

55. 安装/装备：fasten；fix；set；equip；be armed with；be equipped with

56. 追求：pursuit；ran after；seek after；chase；catch up with；keep up with

57. 建议：advise；suggest；recommend；propose；urge；demand；persuade

58. 打算：plan / intend / design to do；be going to do /be about to do /will do

59. 似乎/好象：seem；appear；look like；as if /as though

60. 开办/关闭：open；start；set up；close/close up；end；close down

02 名词

1. 假期

vacation，holiday，spring break，leave，two days off

2. 旅游

trip，journey，tour，voyage，travel，tourist，passenger

3. 职务人员

clerk，secretary，passer-by friend，minister，manager，waitress，guest，host，hostess，assistant，customer，adult，neighbor，relative，patient，vet，staff，crew，nurse，teacher，conductor，tailor，sailor，inventor，gardener，guard

4. 餐馆/定餐/就餐

inn，restaurant，kitchen，menu，bill，order，tip，fork and knife，reserve /book table，taste delicious，salad，vegetables，fruit，tray，napkin

5. 诊所/看病/服药

clinic，hospital，take one’s temperature，take medicine/pills，have a fever/flu/headache，doctor，physician，surgeon，specialist，patient

6. 车站/机场

airport，on board，miss the train/bus，catch a train，meet sb.

7. 身体部位

arm，head，hair，brain，waist，back，shoulder，pulse，wrist

8. 意志

will，courage，patience，determination，faith，effort，confidence，ambition，energy

9. 才能/品质

talent，gift，ability，potential，intelligent，promising，smart，stupid，careful，proud，strict，honest，cold，serious，easy-going，learned，knowledgeable

10. 优缺点

advantage，disadvantage，strength，weakness，merit，drawback，strong point，shortcoming

11. 目标

aim，goal，intention，purpose，belief，faith

12. 方式

means，method，way，manner，approach

13. 身体素质

strong，weak，pale，sick，ill，well，slim，fit，cut weight，put on weight

14. 图表

photo，picture，graph，drawing，table，line/bar graph，pie chart，draw a sketch（划草图）

15. 文章

reading，translation，essay，poem，paper，novel，fiction article，magazine，newspaper，journal，diary，files

16. 课堂

class，course，lecture，example，reason，message，notes，words，phrase，scholarship，degree，subject，question，trouble，difficulty，grades，comment，marks

17. 学校活动

match，game，activity，hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony

(完整版)2018年江苏高考英语专题一语法知识：第6讲名词性从句

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