清末民初小说翻译规范的多元嬗变

高中生经典英文小说阅读与欣赏系列 Eveline

Eveline by James Joyce SHE sat at the window watching the evening invade the avenue. Her head was leaned against the window curtains and in her nostrils was the odour of dusty cretonne. She was tired. Few people passed. The man out of the last house passed on his way home; she heard his footsteps clacking along the concrete pavement and afterwards crunching on the cinder path before the new red houses. One time there used to be a field there in which they used to play every evening with other people's children. Then a man from Belfast bought the field and built houses in it -- not like their little brown houses but bright brick houses with shining roofs. The children of the avenue used to play together in that field -- the Devines, the Waters, the Dunns, little Keogh the cripple, she and her brothers and sisters. Ernest, however, never played: he was too grown up. Her father used often to hunt them in out of the field with his blackthorn stick; but usually little Keogh used to keep nix and call out when he saw her father coming. Still they seemed to have been rather happy then. Her father was not so bad then; and besides, her mother was alive. That was a long time ago; she and her brothers and sisters were all grown up her mother was dead. Tizzie Dunn was dead, too, and the Waters had gone back to England. Everything changes. Now she was going to go away like the others, to leave her home. Home! She looked round the room, reviewing all its familiar objects which she had dusted once a week for so many years, wondering where on earth all the dust came from. Perhaps she would never see again those familiar objects from which she had never dreamed of being divided. And yet during all those years she had never found out the name of the priest whose yellowing photograph hung on the wall above the broken harmonium beside the coloured print of the promises made to Blessed Margaret Mary Alacoque. He had been a school friend of her father. Whenever he showed the photograph to a visitor her father used to pass it with a casual word: "He is in Melbourne now." She had consented to go away, to leave her home. Was that wise? She tried to weigh each side of the question. In her home anyway she had shelter and food; she had those whom she had known all her life about her. O course she had to work hard, both in the house and at business. What would they say of her in the Stores when they found out that she had run away with a fellow? Say she was a fool, perhaps; and her place would be filled up by advertisement. Miss Gavan would be glad. She had always had an edge on her, especially whenever there were people

文学翻译论文

从形合与意合辩证法角度观古诗翻译策略 (潘静20084033042 英语师范三班) 摘要：形合( hypotaxis ) 和意合（parataxis）是英语和汉语篇章组织的常用手段，也是英汉两种语言的重要区别所在。本文提出应当运用哲学中的辩证法原理看待语言中的形合与意合，真正做到学术研究全面、客观、严谨以及科学。一方面，要重视句子及其以下层面的语言特点：英语侧重形合，汉语侧重意合；另一方面，更要研究英汉语的意合与形合在句子层面以上（段落、篇章）所具备的不同作用：英语篇章使用词汇手段等意合组织方式，而汉语篇章中则采用重复和骈偶等形合手段【1】。本文利用对《枫桥夜泊》这首古诗的英译研究分析，强调辩证地、动态地看待英汉语中的形意合问题，改进汉语古诗翻译策略，使译作体现并契合原诗作者的思想与内容，使译作读者明白并理解原诗的内涵与文化。关键词：形合意合辩证法古诗翻译 Abstract: The very common means of English and Chinese discourse are hypotactic and paratactic, as well as the important differences. This paper argues that hypotaxis and parataxis in a language should be researched in a dialectic way. Only in this way, can academic research become more complete and objective. On the one hand, our attention should be paid to the characteristics of English and Chinese sentences and structures below the sentences leve l–English is more hypotactic while Chinese is more paratactic. On the other hand, it is very important and necessary to study the different functions of hypotactic and paratactic structures at the level of paragraphs in the two languages. Lexically paratactic structures are often found in English paragraphs, and hypotactic structures in the form of repetition and parallelism are frequently employed in Chinese. The author attaches the high importance to research languages in a dialectic way by the analysis of Mooring at night by Maple Bridge. So that we can find some strategies about the poem translation and make the successful exchange of two kinds of people with various background. Key words: hypotaxis, parataxis, dialectic way, poem translation 1.引文形合与意合是英汉对比研究和翻译理论研究的重要课题之一，也是英汉语篇组织的重要手段之一。所谓形合就是依仗形式（包括词的变化形态，词汇的衔接等）将语言符号由“散”（个体的词）到“集”（组织乃至语篇）的语言组织手段，具有外显性和刚性；而意合则是依仗意义，即内在的逻辑关系组织语言的手段，具有内隐性和柔性。

英语美文欣赏带翻译

Friends or 'Enemies?' When I was younger, my Dad used to tell me: "Boys don't want to be your friend." He then left the rest to my imagination. At the time, I didn't agree. I thought: I can crack a good joke, I know how to shoot a hoop, and I'm a cheerful person (but not in an annoying way). What kind of boy wouldn't want to be around that kind of girl? Turns out, my Dad was right. Not to be all "Samantha Brick" about it, but in my experience, single, heterosexual men aren't actively looking for an exclusively platonic relationship with a woman they find sexually attractive. This of course is not a revolutionary concept. In fact, it seems pretty natural to me. Now, I will be the first to say that it is really and truly the most wonderful thing in the world if the attraction is mutual. But the Powers That Be seem to like to play these complicated little mating games with humans where the guy we want to re-enact scenes from 9? Weeks with sees our attractiveness level as akin to that of a discarded dishcloth, and the most physical we could see ourselves being with the guy who actually likes us is a game of ping pong over an especially long table. All of which means that someone usually ends up getting rejected. I'm sure I'm not alone when I say I have struggled with the scenario where I am not interested in a man romantically, but I want to keep him as a friend because he is funny and I enjoy his company, or he has shown himself to be that rare specimen known as "a nice, genuine person, " or he simply doesn't mention his therapist in every other sentence. Rather than string him along and give him hope, I feel compelled to somehow communicate to him sooner rather than later that we'll just be staying friends, nothing more. Otherwise, I think I am being unfair to him. Why should he waste his romantic stamina on me when there are loads of other single women out there who might fall instantly in love with him? The thing is, it can sometimes be tricky to reject a man and keep him as a friend. If the operation is not executed carefully, you may end up creating a "menemy." It requires a certain amount of skill to be able to turn down a man's sexual advances or romantic gestures and then get him to agree to meet you for blueberry pancakes the following weekend and chat about the latest Woody Allen film. Some men aren't satisfied with just that. I'm not clear why. What's so bad about friendship? Everyone needs buddies. But I've seen men react poorly or simply fall off the face of the earth. I get it -- their feelings are hurt. None of us likes getting rejected. But in my experience, some men find it especially soul-crushing. I am only bringing all of this up because I recently had to go through this scenario again. I had spent some time cultivating a friendship with a man who, in my defense, I thought was gay. So I didn't see the harm in him buying me the occasional falafel, or accepting an invitation to see a film with him. Isn't that what friends are for? But a mutual friend shed light on his sexual orientation (straight) and suggested that his intentions -- and attentions -- weren't platonic. He had never "made the moves" but now it was all crystal clear -- that explains the way he had looked at me that time the tahini sauce dribbled down my chin! Since he had clearly been too timid to express his feelings, I thought I would be clever this time and subtly mention the dates I had been going on, focusing on the one guy I was kind of keen on, so that he would know that I was "unavailable" for heavy petting and those sorts of activities, but that I was available for things like roller skating, falafel-eating and shooting the breeze. Doesn't that sound nice? That way, he would known not to try to lean in for a kiss, and I wouldn't have to pull the Stevie Wonder dance and dodge him went he went for it. It was like pre-rejection, yet I was sparing his feelings because he didn't even have to put himself out there! I really thought I was being brilliant. It backfired, of course. Said man ended up sending me an email rant accusing me of being insensitive by talking about other men when he had "feelings for me." As if I am psychic, by the way, just because I am a woman! How was I supposed to know that? I think in his mind we were dating. In my mind, he was my new gay BFF. In the end, I got mad at him for getting mad at me, and now the friendship has ended. And I have created yet another "menemy." Look, I have also tried the direct thing: "I really like you, but only as a friend, " but you can only do that when the guy has made his intentions clear, and in my experience, they either cope okay (though rarely do I feel much enthusiasm for friendship after that), or they really don't cope well. I also tried the thing where you make them think they are rejecting you, but it gets quite confusing and only works if the guy isn't very sharp, and why would I -- or you -- be hanging out with someone not that sharp in the first place? As we all remember, Billy Crystal's character says men and women can't be friends in When Harry Met Sally because the sex stuff gets in the way. I do have single, male, heterosexual friends with whom I have an easy, non-romantic rapport, but I honestly don't know if they would walk away if I was sprawled naked on a bed calling out to them. I may not be everybody's cup of tea, but sometimes, I wonder if they wonder. And they may wonder if I wonder. If so, I hope they'll keep it to

小说“阿拉比”英文赏析

詹姆斯·乔伊斯是举世公认的二十世纪英国文坛巨匠。他的早期作品《都柏林人》是一部由十五个故事组成的现实主义短篇小说集。该小说集以作者的家乡都柏林为背景，生动地描绘了二十世纪初该城市的社会现实和人生百态，深刻地反映出当时社会麻木不仁的瘫痪状态，成功地展示了不同身份的人物同僵死和瘫痪的社会之间的激烈冲突以及他们失败之后痛苦不堪的感受。作者从童年期、青年期、成年期和社会生活四个方面对这部小说集进行布局，揭示了当时社会政治、经济和道德的瘫痪。《阿拉比》是该小说集中“童年期”的第三篇，描述的是一个少年对朦胧爱情的浪漫追求以及幻想破灭后的失望和痛苦。在故事中，乔伊斯细致而深刻地刻画了主人公复杂的内心世界，展示了主人公在认识自我，走向成熟的过程中所经历的困惑、孤独和痛苦。故事是以第一人称叙述的，主人公是一个天真无邪、正在成熟的少年，他居住的地方名叫“北理查蒙德街”，住处的周围是一些阴森森的楼房、幽暗潮湿的花园和满是泥泞的巷子。然而，少年对这些并没有深刻的意识，直到他对“曼根的姐姐”产生了朦胧的“爱慕”之情时才有了一种孤独和茫然之感，因为他根本不知道爱情究竟是什么样的，也不知道如何表达自己对姑娘的爱慕之情。当有一天他朝思暮想的“曼根的姐姐”主动和他说话，并告诉他该去“阿拉比”集市时，他的思想有了变化，他渴望去集市为心爱的姑娘买一份礼物。可见少年去“阿拉比”的渴望是出于对心中朦胧的爱情的本能追求。“阿拉比”这个具有阿拉伯异域色彩和东方世界神秘魅力的集市给他带来了希望和诱惑，寄托着他的爱情和理想，象征着他探索与追求的目标。于是，去“阿拉比”集市意味着他开始了追求理想，寻找自我的“成长之旅”。然而，当他几经周折到达集市时，“几乎所有的摊棚都关门了。半个大厅里黑沉沉的。我有一种孤寂之感，犹如置身于做完礼拜后的教堂中。”当他困难地想起自己来集市的目的时，他随意走到一个摆着瓷花瓶和印花茶具的摊棚前。他看见的却是一个女郎与两名英国男子调情的场面。他们轻浮放肆的话语跟他心中神圣、纯洁而又压抑的爱情成了鲜明的对比。这时他迷茫了，不明白现实生活中的爱情为什么跟他理想的爱情完全不一样，觉得自己心中的爱情受到了亵渎，他无法忍受。恰好在这一刻少年产生了“精神顿悟”：他终于领悟到现实世界和他心中的理想世界之间的巨大差异，认识到现实社会的麻木和不堪。于是，他“抬头凝视着黑暗感到自己是一个受到虚荣心驱使和拨弄的可怜虫，于是眼睛里燃烧着痛苦和愤怒”。由此可见，少年追求理想的“阿拉比”之行实际上是他的一次认识自我、认识人生的的成长之旅。他认识到在这个麻木、瘫痪和压抑的现实社会中，任何美好理想都会最终化为泡影。通过这个故事，乔伊斯揭露了19世纪爱尔兰社会的黑暗和腐朽，希望爱尔兰人民能够振作起来，摆脱教会的束缚，重新恢复生机与活力。

翻译赏析的课件

1.Learn to save money, and then manage our life more easily and sucessfully. If you are a saver, please retain it; if not, start from now without any hesitation! 2.In a word, take good advantage of ads and live a quality life, not only for the sake of our economy, but for ourselves! 3. But I want to say, don’t believe in destiny, you are the matter of yourself. If you believe you can get happiness and you try your best to happiness, the happiness will always be with you. ----- from students’ essays Text 1You should remind yourselves of the rules of the library. You are asked to remind yourselves of the rules of the library. Students are asked to remind themselves of the rules of the library. Text 2(After a quarrel between the two lovers) With a flow of words, she started to argue with him, then she checked herself and said calmly, ―Listen, John, I imagine you‘re tired of my company. There‘s no sense in having tea together. I think I‘d better leave you right here.‖ ―That‘s fine,‖ he said. ―Good afternoon.‖ ―Good-by.‖ ―Good-by.‖ Text 3Policeman : What‘s your name, boy? Black psychiatrist: Dr Poussaint. I‘m a physician. Policeman: What‘s your first name, boy? Black psychiatrist: Alvin Text 41. Door! 2. Shut the door (will you) /(please)? 3. I could do without the draught from that door. 4. May we have the door shut (please)? 5. Would you mind closing the door (please)? 6. I wonder if you would mind closing the door. 7. I‘m sorry to trouble you, but could I ask you to close the door for me please. Text 5DEAR MEG: I‘m going crazy waiting for the guy I love to ditch the girl he‘s going with so we can get married. Ted says the only reason he‘s seeing the other woman is because she gives him money and he wants to pay off his debts before we get married. He doesn‘t have a job, but plans to start looking when he‘s out of debt. He won‘t tell me how long this will take and I‘m getting very depressed waiting around. Does this make any sense to you? How much longer shoud I wait? -- DEPRESSED DEAR MEG: I‘m 15 and my boyfriend is 17. I‘m writing because I‘ve always liked your advice and I‘m sure you can help me. Joey wants me to run away with him to Idaho. I truly want to go, but I don‘t want to hurt my parents because I love them, too. He‘s given me a month to make up my mind. I want to marry Joey, but I‘m young and I want to finish school first. Still, if I love him, I should want to go where he goes, right? Please anwser fast, Meg. -- CONFUSED Text 6Sure! 值不少钱呢，plenty of dough。并且这东西不比书画。买书画买了假的，一文不值，只等于waste

英语专业考研英汉翻译高分特训100篇小说类【圣才出品】

2.3小说类（Practice26～Practice36） Practice26 It is a very long time since I attended a Mass.In this pilgrimage town you get the real thing,with a crowd of real worshippers--those who come include the paralyzed,the crippled,the blind,the deformed,the dying,a terrible parade,a parade Mass proceeded.It would have been only courteous to kneel at the proper time,as all did,since I had voluntarily come:but for all the disapproving glances,I the stiff--necked Jew,would not kneel.I remember the first break with my own religion as though it were yesterday.I can still feel my cheek stinging from the slap of the mashiakh,the study hall supervisor,as I trudge in the snow on t he town square in the purple evening,having been ordered out of the hall for impudent heresy.Perhaps in a larger city,the mashiakh would have had the sense to smile at my effrontery,and pass it off.Then the whole course of my life might have been different. 【参考译文】我已经很久没有做过弥散。在这个众人朝拜的圣城，我看到了真正的弥散。看到一批一批虔诚的善男信女，其中有瘫痪的，有跛足的，有失明的，有畸形的，有奄奄一息的，他们组成一支令人目不忍赌的行列。如果有谁果真相信就连麻雀坠地这样的小事上帝也注意到了，那么这些人一定是他有意残酷作弄的对象，或是他千虑一失的牺牲品。教堂里寒气逼人，但弥撒开始后，教堂里的气氛与我心中的凄凉相比，却温暖如春。既然我来这里是完全出于自愿。仅仅为了礼貌起见，我本应该在需要下跪的时候和他们一起下跪。但是，我这个倔强

英语美文赏析带翻译

(Reports on Britain Under the Bombs) Night after night, in the hot summer and early fall of 1940, a deep, steady voice came over the Atlantic Ocean from England to America, telling of England's battle for survival under the waves of German bombers. This strong and steady voice, an American voice with a slight accent of North Carolina, belonged to Edward R. Murrow, head of the European staff of the Columbia Broadcasting System. "This is London," said Murrow, while the bombs fell and flames spread on the streets of the city. His voice had a tone of sorrow for the suffering of that ancient city, and a tone of confidence, too -- a feeling of belief that London would be there, no matter what it had to endure. It could not be destroyed. The heavy raids began in the middle of August, and Nazi bombs started to fall along England's Channel Coast. The German bombers cast dark shadows over the white cliffs of Dover, and England's Home Guard prepared to fight on the beaches, on the cliffs, and in the hills, until the last Englishman died or the invaders were driven off. Air Marshal Goering's bomber pilots were sure of their ultimate triumph over England. Hitler and Goering believed that when London became a burned city like Warsaw and Rotterdam, England would surrender. But the English were more fortunate than the Poles in Warsaw and the Dutch in Rotterdam. They had the English Channel as a barrier against the Nazi ground forces, and they had the Royal Air Force(RAF) to battle the Nazis in the sky. The hardships of London really started in the first week of September, when Hitler was at last convinced that the English did not intend to give in. On September 7, 1940, nearly four hundred German bombers hammered the city with bombs in broad daylight. Marshal Goering boasted, "This is the historic hour when our air force for the first time delivered its bombs right into the enemy's heart." Fires burned, houses fell, gas pipes burst, and dark smoke rose from the streets. Men, women, and children felt the effect of the bombs. Radar sirens wailed, ambulances rushed from one place of agony to another, and fire fighters faced the flames hour after hour.

高中生经典英文小说阅读欣赏与写作系列 The Terrible Old Man

The Terrible Old Man by H. P. Lovecraft It was the design of Angelo Ricci and Joe Czanek and Manuel Silva to call on the Terrible Old Man. This old man dwells all alone in a very ancient house on Water Street near the sea, and is reputed to be both exceedingly rich and exceedingly feeble; which forms a situation very attractive to men of the profession of Messrs. Ricci, Czanek, and Silva, for that profession was nothing less dignified than robbery. The inhabitants of Kingsport say and think many things about the Terrible Old Man which generally keep him safe from the attention of gentlemen like Mr. Ricci and his colleagues, despite the almost certain fact that he hides a fortune of indefinite magnitude somewhere about his musty and venerable abode. He is, in truth, a very strange person, believed to have been a captain of East India clipper ships in his day; so old that no one can remember when he was young, and so taciturn that few know his real name. Among the gnarled trees in the front yard of his aged and neglected place he maintains a strange collection of large stones, oddly grouped and painted so that they resemble the idols in some obscure Eastern temple. This collection frightens away most of the small boys who love to taunt the Terrible Old Man about his long white hair and beard, or to break the small-paned windows of his dwelling with wicked missiles; but there are other things which frighten the older and more curious folk who sometimes steal up to the house to peer in through the dusty panes. These folk say that on a table in a bare room on the ground floor are many peculiar bottles, in each a small piece of lead suspended pendulum-wise from a string. And they say that the Terrible Old Man talks to these bottles, addressing them by such names as Jack, Scar-Face, Long Tom, Spanish Joe, Peters, and Mate Ellis, and that whenever he speaks to a bottle the little lead pendulum within makes certain definite vibrations as if in answer. Those who have watched the tall, lean, Terrible Old Man in these peculiar conversations, do not watch him again. But Angelo Ricci and Joe Czanek and Manuel Silva were not of Kingsport blood; they were of that new and heterogeneous alien stock which lies outside the charmed circle of New England life and traditions, and they saw in the Terrible Old Man merely a tottering, almost helpless grey-beard, who could not walk without the aid of his knotted cane, and whose thin, weak hands shook pitifully. They were really quite sorry in their way for the lonely, unpopular old fellow, whom everybody shunned, and at whom all the dogs barked singularly. But business is business, and to a robber whose soul is in his profession, there is a lure and a challenge about a very old and very feeble