高二下学期英语期末考试试卷第15套真题

高二下学期英语期末考试试卷

一、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

1. 阅读理解

Most of London’s national museums arecompletely free of charge. So without cost to worry about, these are themust-see museums for art lovers on their first trip to London.

National Portrait Gallery

PHONE +44 20 7306 0055

Where else but the National PortraitGallery can you find oil paintings of the Bronte sisters and WilliamShakespeare alongside black and white photographs of the Spice Girls and amixed media portrait of J.K. Rowling? Featuring a collection of famous Britishpeople from the Tudor period to the present day, the National Portrait Galleryis a must for those who like British culture.

Science Museum

PHONE +44 33 3241 4000

Ideal for left-brainers, London’sScience Museum celebrates scientifi c, technological, and mathematicalachievements — but that makes it sound so serious. With interactive exhibits,flight simulators, an IMAX theater, and even a milkshake bar, a trip to theScience Museum is far from the boring science lessons from back in the day.

Churchill War Rooms

PHONE +44 20 7416 5000

The Imperial War Museum is a collectionof five museums and sites. One of the collection’s most fascination inclusionsis the Churchill War Rooms. Walking through the underground labyrinth ofwar rooms is literally walking in the footsteps of Sir Winston Churchill andhis war cabinet during WWII Natural History Museum

PHONE +44 20 7942 5000

Once the home to African elephantspecimens and surprising casts of a Triceratops and Diplodocus, the museum’smain hal l now floats the real skeleton of a blue whale high above visitors’ heads.Though no longer in the entry hall, you can still find dinosaurs here, such asthe first fossil ever found from a T. rex.

（1）Which is the best choice for J.K. Rowling’s fans?

A . National Portrait Gallery.

B . Science Museum.

C . Churchill War Rooms.

D . Natural History Museum.

（2）What can people do in Science Museum?

A . View the arts of the Tudor period.

B . Enjoy a film in an IMAX theater.

C . Learn about the war history of Britain.

D . Watch the skeleton of a blue whale.

（3）Which number should be called if you’re interested in dinosaurs?

A . 44 20 7306 0055.

B . 44 33 3241 4000.

C . 44 20 7416 5000.

D . 44 20 7942 5000.

2. 阅读理解

This happened several yearsago when I was still quite new in the city. I was doing my grocery shopping oneday, and when I wanted to pay for my things, it turned out that I didn’t haveenough funds on my bank account for the things I’d chosen. It seemed someth inghad been paid from my account that I had forgotten about.

I was so embarrassed andashamed. There was a queue forming behind me. I became very flustered and very close to tears. Itried to quickly pick some things out that weren’t so urgent for me to bu y. Thecashier , a patient, elderly man, sawhow upset I was and gently said, “Please, don’t worry about picking outgroceries to leave behind and you can pay me back for the difference another day.”I immediately refused since I didn’t know him, but he insisted he would pay forthe difference because he also had daughters and sometimes life could be hard.I thanked him greatly while I packed my things. I asked him what his name wasso I could bring the money another day. He said, “Just ask for Baba and everyone calls me thathere.”

I came back a few dayslater with the money, a thank-you card, and some homemade cookies. I asked ayoung salesman if he’d seen the old man and he immediately told me, “Oh!That must be Baba!” It was clear that he was very familiar with him. Iexplained what had happened and he nodded. “Yes, that is something hewould do. He is a bit of an extra father to all of us working here, too. Heisn’t working today but I will make sure he gets this.”

Thank you, Baba, forlooking out for me that day, and for taking good care of your coworkers, too! Ithink it is people like Baba that make the world

beautiful.

（1）What happened to the author as she went shopping?

A . She forgot to bring money with her.

B . She regretted choosing something expensive.

C . She couldn’t afford the goods she had picked. D.

D . She couldn’t remember the password of her account.

（2）What did the author try to do to solve her problem?

A . To make herself calm down.

B . To give up some high-priced things.

C . To remove some items less necessary.

D . To take out all the goods she had chosen.

（3）Which of the following probably can best describe the old cashier?

A . Shy and honest.

B . Talented and friendly.

C . Generous and hardworking.

D . Kind and warm-hearted.

（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A . Every job is meaningful.

B . We need people like “Baba”.

C . Giving is a kind of happiness.

D . An embarrassing shopping experience.

3. 阅读理解

How many afternoons haveyou slowly moved over to the office coffee machine and wondered: Is this reallymy fourth cup of the day? Or wait, is it my fifth? We’ve all been there, but anew study shows refilling your cup too often could be hurting your health.

The study, published in TheAmerican Journal of Clinical Nutrition suggests that drinking six or more cupsof coffee per day may increase your risk of heart disease by up to 22%.Researchers from the University of South

Australia also found a specific gene,called CYP1A2, which enables people to consume caffeine faster than thosewithout it.

Overall, the researchersfound that people who drank six or more cups of coffee a day were 22% morelikely to develop cardiovascular disease, compared to thosewho drank one to two cups daily. The study authors believe that coffee and heart problems may belinked because excess caffeine consumption can cause high bloodpressure, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Most people would agreethat if you drink a lot of coffee, you might feel nervous and irritable .That’s because caffeinehelps your body work faster and harder, but it is also likely to suggest thatyou may have reached your limit for the time being. That doesn’t mean that anyand all coffee is bad for your heart, however. In fact, the researchers alsofound that participants who didn’t drink coffee at all —and those who drankdecaf — also had higher rates of heart disease than those who drank one to two cups per day. Previous researchhas found coffee is rich in antioxidants and may reduce the risk ofheart disease, stroke, and diabetes.

（1）What does the new study find?

A . People like to drink coffee in the office.

B . Coffee is more popular than tea among young people.

C . People tend to drink more coffee in the afternoon.

D . Too much coffee may be harmful to people.

（2）What makes people take in caffeine faster?

A . The healthy dietary pattern.

B . The specific gene CYP1A2,

C . The high

blood pressure.D . The antioxidants in coffee.

（3）What does the underline word “excess” mean in the third paragraph?

A . Extra.

B . Less.

C . Proper

D . Average.

（4）What does the author consider most important for drinking coffee?

A . The brand of coffee.

B . The container of coffee.

C . The amount of coffee.

D . The flavor of coffee.

4. 阅读理解

An increase of just 2°C inglobal temperatures could make the world considerably drier and moredesert-like, new research has warned.

More than a quarter of theworld’s land surface, home to more than 1.5 billion people, would become morearid and droughts and wildfires could be widespread. Limiting global warming to1.5℃ would dram atically reduce the percentage of the Earth’s surface affected,scientists found.

“Aridification would emerge over 20 to 30 percent of the world’s land surfaceby the time the global temperature change reaches 2℃”，said Dr Manoj Joshi from the University of East Anglia’s School ofEnvironmental Sciences and one of the study’s co-authors.

The research team studied projectionsfrom 27 global climate models and identified areas of the world where ariditywill greatly change. The most affected areas are parts of South East Asia,Southern Europe, Southern Africa, Central America and Southern Australia. Theseareas are home to more than .20 percent of the world’s population —that’s over1.5 billion people.

The study looked at thecurrent rate of global temperature increase and compared it to data from beforethe industrial revolution. The world has already warmed b y 1℃since then. Twothirds of the affected regions could avoid significant aridification if warmingis limited to 1.5℃, researchers found.

The Paris Agreement, which was first signed in2015, is an international agreement to control climate change. It hopes to holdthe increase in the global average temperature to well below 2℃ and to pursueefforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5℃.

But the local protectionismmakes it possible that the world may become drier and the horrific scenes ofthe Californian wildfires may become more common. The fire burned more than 440square miles of Ventura and Santa Barbara counties and destroyed more than1,000 structures after breaking out in early December.

（1）What should we do to prevent aridification?

A . We should lim it the temperature rise to 2°C.

B . We should limit the temperature rise to 1.5°C.

C . We should limit the industrial development.

D . We should limit the global population.

（2）Which country is most likely to be affected by aridification?

A . China.

B . Russia.

C . Canada.

D . Philippine.

（3）Why does the author mention the Californian wildfires in the text?

A . To show the harm of aridification.

B . To emphasize the loss of the fire.

C . To support the local protectionism.

D . To tell us wildfires are common.

（4）Wha t is Dr Manoj’s attitude towards the global temperature change?

A . Indifferent.

B . Approving.

C . Concerned.

D . Unclear.

二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）.

5. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Communicate as a Family

In today’s busy world, man yfamilies struggle to see each other. That does not mean that our need forfamily has decreased. Most of us still long for a united family.________. Below are tips on it.

Use effective communication skills

Each member of the familyshould feel important and valued. ________. In order for your familymembers to hear your needs, you have to express them. Be polite but honest withyour family during discussions.

Listen intently

________. Your family members will feel loved if theirpoint of view is heard and respected. Avoid talking over your family members,and instead, listen to what they are saying.

Show appreciation for each other

Taking family for grantedis easily done.________. Make it a point to telleach family member that you are thankful for them, and that you enjoy being afamily.

________

Everyone in your family isnot going to agree on every issue. As a family, you have to be flexible andaccepting of each person’s point of view. Avoid

arguing over little things suchas who should take the trash out; instead, make a conscious effort to divideresponsibilities and privileges fairly.

A. Agree to disagree

B. This includes you

C. Give and accept apologies

D. However, that unity doesnot always come easily

E. Most of them have beenaround most of your life

F. I t is important that youhear your family members’ concerns

G. Also remember that perfectunity will not exist all the time in any family

三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

6. 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。

Last night one of our 3family dogs was hit and killed by a car in front of my mother’s house.

The dogs became, more orless, my mother’s substitute 1after her human ones grewup and moved out. The one that was killed had 2with my mom far more than the others. She isshocked and upset. I loved the dog, 3my true sadness currently comes from having towatch my mother endure another 4after everything she hasbeen through in her life. In the midst of all of this I have to sincerely5the driver. It was not his fault. The dogchased a deer into the 6at night. In an effort notto hit the deer he suddenly changed 7, not seeing the dog,resulting in her death. The driver 8, carefully wrapped our dog in a blanket to 9her dignity, and carried her up to my mother sfront door* He was

10shaking and very upset. Heinformed my mother of11happenedand she broke down immediately. He comforted her the best a stranger could. Heleft his 12and offered assistance inany way he could.

What he really did was 13my mother from hitting on a 14scene herself while searchingfor the dog. He could have very easily continued on his way, but he didsomething that I hope I never forget. Thank you, Stranger. You restored my 15in humanity.

（1）A . childrenB . petsC . propertyD . belongings（2）A . keptB . helpedC . bondedD . touched（3）A . besidesB . whileC . orD . but（4）A . incidentB . tragedyC . situationD . scene（5）A . criticizeB . comfortC . applaudD . blame（6）A . fieldB . roadC . squareD . room（7）A . mindB . wheelC . ideaD . direction（8）A . pulled awayB . took offC . pulled overD . pulled off（9）A . preserveB . developC . hideD . cancel（10）A . suddenlyB . casuallyC . accidentlyD . obviously （11）A . thatB . howC . whatD . why（12）A . goodsB . informationC . carD . house（13）A . spareB . separateC . banD . tell（14）A . wonderfulB . pleasantC . unforgettableD . horrible（15）A . energyB . faithC . decisionD . doubt四、语法填空

7. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。

A two-layered paint ________ reflects infrared light while maintaining its colourcould help keep buildings and vehicles cool under hot sun. This could helpreduce energy used in cooling.

This coating ________ by Yuan Yang at Columbia University in New York and hiscolleagues. It consists________a top layer, which providesthe colour, and

a bottom layer reflecting infrared light.

When the sun shines on ________ object coated with this paint, the top layer absorbs certainlight, while the bottom layer reflects infrared light, preventing the objectfrom________ up. A similarcooling effect can be achieved using white paint or metal mirrors, ________ Yang says the advantage of this new paint is that it can be anycolour desired. ________ black paintabsorbs heat, but painting an object with a black version of this new coatingkept it about 16%:________ than when an objectpainted with commercial black paint was exposed to the same amount of sunlight.

This new paint could be________ in tropical locations to help keep________ cool, as well as to prevent cars,buses and trains from getting too hot.

五、书面表达（共两节，满分40分）

8. 假定你是李华，正作为交换生在伦敦一所学校学习。你的好友Eric邀靖你在校文化节上表演一段中国民族舞蹈或唱一首民歌。请给他回一封信，内容包括：1）感谢邀请；

2）介绍将表演的节目；

3）表达期待。

注意:1）词数80左右；

2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

9. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

You never know thedifference you might make if you take the time to encourage someone. I gave upthe idea of being a writer the summer before I

started college. I’d beenwriting since I was five years old. My little friends wanted toys at that time,but I just wanted paper. Childhood passed and a box of short stories gave wayto my middle school days. I wrote for a magazine and by the time I was in myeighth grade, half of the annual publications were written by me. Sometimes I’ddream about being a novelist, writing books that everyone might read. My dadwas always sure that it would happen. When he read my poems or stories, hiseyes welled up. “That’s beautiful, honey,” he always told me.”One day, the entire world will know what a gift you have.” Thosewords encouraged me through high school to keep believing that writing was mycalling.

But somewhere along themonths of my senior year, I became disappointed. The crazy injustice in thisworld — bad guys getting buck out on the street and doing harm again and again,changed my mi nd.” I m going to be a lawyer in the future,” I told myparents. My dad’s face fell, but he kept his smile. “Whatever you do,you’ll be brialliant at it,” he said to me.

One of my first classes atcollege was Journalism 100. One day, the professor, Bob Scheibel, assigned us astory about an apartment fire. He gave us the facts and we had a few days towrite a news story.

I was sure that I hadgotten the facts right when I wrote the story. I didn’t expect much feedback.But a few days later, Bob Scheibel asked me to talk to him after class.Questions raced through my mind. What had I done wrong? Had I gotten the factsmixed up? Did I miss anything critical in the details? Five minutes after theclass, I found myself in front of the professor. His eyes met

mine with greatseriousness.