英语翻译资料
人之初性本善性相近习相远
Men at their birth, are naturally good.
人生之初，禀性（本来）（都）是善良的，
解释：
英语译成汉语时，主语Men 与at their birth合起来一起译，起状语的作用；而naturally 原为副词起状语的作用，倒变成了名词作为主语来用。这种翻译手法在翻译技巧中称为“转换”Conversion。括号里的词语（本来）（都）是为了符合目标语的行文习惯或译出原文中隐藏的意思另加进去的。这称为“增益”Amplification，也是一种重要的翻译技巧。
Their natures are much the same; 他们的天性也都相差不多，
their habits become widely different. （只是后天所处的环境不同和所受的教育程度不同），（彼此的）理性才形成了差别。
解释：括号内句子或词语为“增益”。
苟不教性乃迁教之道贵以专
If foolishly there is no teaching, the nature will deteriorate.
如果（对幼儿）不（严加）教育，（幼儿善良的）禀性就（将随环境）改变（坏）。
The right way in teaching is to attach the utmost importance in thoroughness.
教育（一个人按照人的本性发展的）方法，贵在使他（专心致志），始终（努力上进）。
注意事项：括号内的字句是在英语译成汉语时常用的技巧，叫做增益（Amplification），是为了符合于汉语行文的习惯或表达出原文中隐藏的含义而增加的。在汉语译为英语时也一样可用。“贵”字是由(importance)转换而来。“转换”的技巧上文已提过，不再重复介绍。
昔孟母择邻处子不学断机杼
Of old, the mother of Mencius chose a neighborhood
从前，孟子的母亲（为了使孟子能在一个良好的环境中学有专长），曾（三次）搬迁。
and when her child would not learn, she broke the shuttle from the loom.
孟子不努力学习，孟母就生气地割断（正在织布的）纱线，（以此教诫孟子只有日积月累地学习，方有进益。）窦燕山有义方教五子名俱扬Tou of the Swallow Hills had the right method
（五代）窦禹钧（教诲儿子）有良好的方法。
He taught five son, each of whom raised the family reputation.
他（所教导）的五个儿子，（学而优则仕，）美名远扬（天下。）
养不教父之过教不严师之惰
To feed without teaching, is the father's fault.
（生养了）子女（却）不加以教诲，（这是）做父亲的过错。
To teach without severity, is the teacher's laziness.
教育（学生）不能因为（老师的）懒惰而不严格（要求。）
子不学非所宜幼不学老何为
If the child does not learn, this is not as it should be.
少年儿童不(努力)学习,(从社会发展角度讲)是不应该的。
讲解:括号里的内容是增益.This=从社会发展角度讲If he does not learn while young, what will he be when old ? 如果一个人在年少的时候不读书不学习,那么到老的时候还能有所作为吗?
讲解:在“while young”及“when old ”之间省略了he is。这种翻译技巧称为“省略法”。在有些从句中可以省略句中的主语及be 动词。在译成另一种语言时往往把含义补回来。我们不妨可以“增益”一下。
玉不琢不成器人不学不知义If jade is not polished, it cannot become a thing of use.
美玉如果不（经过）雕刻打磨，就不可能变成（精美的）玉器。
解说：英语的词序原先是“如果美玉……”，现译为汉语词序变为：“美玉如果”。在双语对译时把词序重新安排调整，这种翻译技巧叫做“词序调整”（Inversion）。也是一种常见的翻译技巧。调整的目的是为了更接近目标语的行文习惯，避免过分生硬。
If a man does not learn, he cannot know his duty towards his neighbor.
（少年）人如果不（努力）读书学习，就不会懂得（为人民服务及济世救国的）道理。
为人子方少时亲师友习礼仪He who is the son of a man, when he is young, should attach himself to his teachers and friends; and practise ceremonial usages.
为人后代，当少年之时，（应当）亲近老师（和长者），广交贤友（和仁者），讲习礼节（道德）之事宜。
注解：英语用一个长句翻译了原汉语的四个短句，我称之为“并句或合句”，(Unification)。把英语的长句译成汉语时我们常常用分句拆开来译，也就是“长句拆译”（Division）。此外，这里还涉及到另一重要的翻译技巧“分清主从”（Subordination）。实际上，在翻译过程中，特别是翻译长句时，经常需要把各种翻译技巧结合起来使用，才能产生出“信、达、雅”的产品。有人说翻译工作就是对原创作品进行美化加工，这在一定程度上是有道理的。当然不能背离原著的基本思想。大作家的作品往往有多种译本，或许是与这个有关吧！
香九龄能温席孝於亲所当执Hsiang, at nine years of age, could warm (his parent's) bed.
黄香九岁（的时候）（就懂得孝敬父母亲），（在天寒地冻时）用自己的身体将（父母的）枕席温暖（后再请父母安寝。）
注解：括号内那么多的内容都是“增益”。可见“增益”这种翻译技巧是十分重要的。要求从事文学的翻译工作者不仅仅精通两国语言，对两个国家的概况，历史、风俗习惯及地理气候等都要通晓（至少有一定的了解）。其他方面的知识也应该多多益善！所以也不妨说从事翻译的人是位杂家！
Filial piety towards parents, is that to which we should hold fast. 孝敬父母，就是我们应当向黄香学习的思想品德。
注解：我选用“思想品德”这四个字，是为了较精确地译出这个含含糊糊的“that”这个词。常常为了求得一个比较稳妥的字眼，译者有时不得不沉思默想。这时的艰难窘境可以用“反复推敲”来形容。这种翻译技巧称为“选词用字”(Diction)。只有经过“山穷水尽疑无路”的人，才可能享受到“柳暗花明又一村”的狂喜！
融四岁能让梨弟於长宜先知Jung, at four years of age, could yield the (bigger) pears.
孔融四岁的时候，（就）能（从容）将大的梨子出让（其兄长）。
To behave as a younger brother towards elders, is one of the first things to know.
弟弟尊敬兄长，这个（人世间的道理）应当（在年少时就）要知道。
注解：如果按照英语的句式直译出来，大家往往会译成：“弟弟尊敬兄长，这是（在年少时就）要知道的首要事情之一。”意思是不会错的，但总会使人感到很生硬。如果是中学生译成这样的句子，评卷教师或许不会扣分。但如果是翻译资格证书考试的话，我猜想一定会被扣分的，说不定还扣得比较重。所以才会有“转换”（Conversion）这种翻译技巧的适当运用来解决上述问题。转换不仅仅是词性的转换，（以前我介绍过）也包括句式的转换。
首孝弟次见闻知某数识某文Begin with filial piety and fraternal love, and then see and hear . 人生的首要大事是孝敬父母，尊敬兄长，其次是多实践于天下大事，博闻古今之理。
Learn to count, and learn to read. 知晓数理之道，通解古今圣贤之识。
一而十十而百百而千千而万units and tens, then tens and hundreds, hundreds and thousands, thousands and then tens of thousands.数字单位从一（之始），接下去（十个一为）十，（十个十为）百，（十个百为）千，（十个千为）万。注解：注意连词“and”的用法。不能都译为“和”。
三才者天地人三光者日月星The three forces, are heaven, earth and man.The three luminaries, are the sun, the moon and the stars.
三纲者君臣义父子亲夫妇顺The three bonds, are the obligation between sovereign and subject, the love between father and child, the harmony between husband and wife.
曰春夏曰秋冬此四时运不穷We speak of spring and summer, we speak of autumn and winter,
These four seasons, revolve without ceasing.
曰南北曰西东此四方应乎中We speak of North and South, we speak of East and West,These four points, respond to the requirements of the centre.
⑴欢迎词女士们，先生们：欢迎你乘坐中国XX航空公司航班XX_____前往_____（中途降落_____）。有_____至____的飞行距离是_______，预计空中飞行时间是________小时_______分。飞行高度______米，飞
行速度平均每小时_______公里。为了保障飞机导航几通讯系统的正常工作，在飞机起飞和下降过程中请不要使用手提式电脑，在整个航程中请不要使用手提电话，遥控玩具，电子游戏机，激光唱机和电音频接收机等电子设备。飞机很快就要起飞了，现在有客舱乘务员进行安全检查。请您坐好，系好安全带，收起座椅靠悲和小桌板。请您确认您的手提物品是否妥善安放在头顶上方的行李价内或座椅下发。（本次航班全程禁烟，在飞行途中请不要吸烟。）本次航班的乘务长讲协同机上_______名乘务员竭诚为为您提供及时周到的服务。谢谢！Welcome
Good morning (afternon, evening), Ladies and Gentlemen:
Welcome aboard XX Airlines flight XX______to______(via______) The distance between______and_______is______kilometers. Our flight will take ________ hours and_______minutes. We will be flying at an altitude of________meters and the average speed is_______ kilometers per hour. In order to ensure the normal operation of aircraft navigation and communication systems,mobile phones,toys and other electronic devices throughout the flight and the laptop computers are not allowed to use during take-off and landing. We will take off immediately, Please be seated, fasten your seat belt, and make sure your seat back is straight up, your tray table is closed and your carry-on items are securely stowed in the overhead bin or under the seat in front of you. (This is a non-smoking flight, please do not smoke on board.) The (chief) purser _________with all your crew members will be sincerely at your service. We hope you enjoy the flight! Thank you!
⑵起飞后广播女士们，先生们：
我们的飞机已经离开_____前往_____，沿这条航线，我们飞经的省份有_______，经过的主要城市有_______，我们还将飞越_____。在这段旅途中，我们为你准备了XX餐。供餐时我们将广播通知您。下面将向你介绍客舱设备的使用方法：今天您乘坐的是XX型飞机。您的座椅靠背可以调节，调节时请按座椅扶手上的按钮.在您前方座椅靠背的口袋里有清洁袋,功您扔置杂物时使用。在您座椅的上方备有阅读灯开关和呼叫按钮。如果你有需要乘务员的帮助,请按呼唤铃。在您座位上方还有空气调节设备，你如果需要新鲜空气,请转动通风口。洗手间在飞机的前部和后部.在洗手间内请不要吸烟。
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have left_____for_____. Along this route,we will be flying over the provinces of ___, passing the cities of _____, and crossing over the ______ Breakfast(lunch,supper) has been prepared for you. We will inform you before we serve it.
Now we are going to introduce you the use of the cabin installations.
This is a XX aircraft.
The back of your seat can be adjusted bu pressomg the button on the arm of your chair.
The call button and reading light are above your head.Press the call button to summon a flight attendant.
The ventilator is also above your head.By adjusting the airflow knob,fresh air will flow in or be cut off. Lavatiories are located in the front of the cabin and in the rear.Please do not smoke in the lavatories.
⑶餐前广播
女士们，先生们：
我们将为您提供餐食（点心餐），茶水，咖啡和饮料。欢迎您选用。需要用餐的旅客，请您将小桌板放下。为了方便其他旅客，在供餐期间，请您讲座椅靠背调整到正常位置。谢谢！
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We will be serving you meal with tea, coffee and other soft drinks. Welcome to make your choice. Please put down the table in front of you.For the convenience of the passenger behind you, please return your seat back to the upright position during the meal service. Thank you!
⑷意见卡
女士们，先生们：
欢迎你乘坐中国XX航空公司航班，为了帮助我们不断提高服务质量，敬请留下宝贵意见，谢谢你的关心和支持！
Good morning (afternon,evening), Ladies and Gentlemen:
Welcome aboard XX Airlines, comments form you will be highly valued in order to improve our service,
thanks for your concern and support
⑸预定到达时间广播：
女士们，先生们：
本架飞机预定在_____分钟后到达______.地面温度是_________，谢谢！
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We will be landing at _____airport in about ________minutes.The ground temperature is ___degrees celsius. Thank you!
⑹下降时安全检查广播
女士们，先生们：
飞机正在下降。请您回原位坐好，系好安全带，收起小着板，将座椅靠背调整到正常位置。所有个人电脑及电子设备必须处于关闭状态。请你确认您的手提物品是否已妥善安放。稍后，我们将调暗客舱灯光。
谢谢！
Good morning (afternon,evening),Ladies and Gentlemen:
Our plane is descending now.Please be seated and fasten your seat belt. Seat backs and tables should be returned to the upright position. All personal computers and electronic devices should be turned off. And please make sure that your carry-on items are securely stowed. We will be dimming the cabin lights for landing. Thank you!
⑺达到终点站
女士们，先生们：
飞机已经降落在______机场，外面温度______摄氏度，飞机正在滑行,为了您和他人的安全,请先不要站起或打开行李架。等飞机完全停稳后，请你再解开安全，,整理好手提物品准备下飞机。从行李架里取物品时，请注意安全。您交运的行李请到行李提取处领取。需要在本站转乘飞机到其他地方的旅客请到候机室中转柜办理.
感谢您选择XX航空公司班机!下次路途再会！
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Our plane has landed at_____airport. The local time is_____. The temperature outside is ____degrees Celsius, (______degress Fahrenheit.) The plane is taxiing. For your safety, please stay in your seat for the time being. When the aircraft stops completely and the Fasten Seat Belt sign is turned off, Please detach the seat belt, take all your carry-on items and disembark(please detach the seat belt and take all your carry-on items and passport to complete the entry formalities in the termainal). Please use caution when retrieving items from the overhead compartment. Y our checked baggage may be claimed in the baggage claim area. The transit passengers please go to the connection flight counter in the waiting hall to complete the procedures.
Welcome to ____(city), Thank you for selecting XX airline for your travel today and we look forward to serving you again. Wish you a pleasant day. Thank you!
⑻旅客下飞机广播
女士们，先生们：本架飞机已经完全停稳（由于停靠廊桥），请您从前（中，后）登机门下飞机。谢谢！Ladies and Gentlemen: The plane has stopped completely, please disembark from the front (middle,rear) entry door. Thank you!
1. 进行全国人口普查carry out national population census
2. 总人口为…have a population of …
3. 缩小代沟narrow the generation gap
4. 重视人口老年化问题pay attention to the problem of an aging population
5. 调查性和婚姻状况conduct a survey on sex and marriage
6. 展示明显的差异display a marked difference
7. 反映人们的私生活reflect people’s private lives
8. 占总人口的10% account for 10% of the total population
9. 实现向低出生、低死亡、低自然增长的现代人口再生产类型的转变bring about a transition to the modern population reproduction pattern characterized by a low birth rate，low death rate and low natural growth rate10. 过孤独的生活lead an isolated life11. 城市人口比例上升the population of urban residents rose by …12. 征求父母的意见ask for her parents’opinion13. 造成不同的思想和观念result in a different
ideology and concept14. 对子女寄予厚望pin great hopes on their children15. 享受优越的生活条件enjoy good living condition16. 挣零花钱earn their pocket money17. 逐渐削弱长辈的权威undermine the authority of the older generation18. 不服从父母disobey their parents19. 人口死亡率下降…. the death rate of the population decrease from …to …20. 居民的平均预期寿命提高the people’s life-expectancy on average is raised
1. 给．．．带来机遇和挑战present (bring) both opportunities and challenges to
2. 给．．．带来积极影响bring a more positive impact on．．．.
3. 给予财政资助support financially
4. 有巨大潜力have huge potential for
5. 开发/ 青睐中国市场tap / favor the Chinese market
6. 申请专利apply for a patent
7. 阻碍．．．的经济发展handicap (hamper) the economic development
8. 增加农业投入invest more in agriculture
9. 有望达到（上升到）be expected to reach (rise to, be up to)10. 造成很大压力pose a big pressure on11. 占领市场10% occupy (take, account for ) 10 percent of the market12. 缩小．．．间的距离narrow the gap between13. 加快经济发展和结构调整speed up economic development and restructuring14. 夺回失去的市场take back lost market15. 减轻．．．的负担reduce (lighten) the burden of (on)16. 采取反垄断措施take anti-monopoly measures to17. 加快努力speed up efforts to18. 在．．建立分公司set up branches in19. 促进改革promote reform20. 面对可能的压力和竞争face possible pressure and competition21. 充分利用make full use of22. 把列．．．为基本国策list…..as fundamental national polic ies23. 发挥自身优势give full play to one’s advantages24. 开拓市场exploit markets25. 扩大消费市场expand consumption market26. 改善投资环境improve the environment for investment27. 加强风险防范prepare oneself against possible risks28. 扩大贫富差距widen the gap between the rich and the poor29. 为．．．提供巨大商机present huge business opportunities30. 快速稳定增长grow fast and steadily31. 让．．．处于同一起跑线put…on the same platform and at the same starting point32. 赶超先进surpass the advanced33. 遵循市场经济的规律follow the law of market economy34. 根据市场做出调整gear ourselves to the market orientation35. 牟取暴利seek excessive profits36. 做好充分准备make good preparations for 37. 对．．．造成／构成威胁form ／pose a threat to…38. 和．．．合作cooperate with39. 和．．．进一步合作further cooperation with40. 提高公务员工资raise the salaries of civil servants41. 计算出准确的工资水平figure out an exact salary level42. 和．．．有合作关系have cooperative ties with43. 从国外引进先进技术和管理经验introduce from abroad the advanced technology and management expertise44. 优胜劣汰select the superior and eliminate the inferior45. 保证下岗职工的基本生活guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers46. 取缔非法收入ban unlawful incomes (ban illegal earnings)47. 深化改革deepen the reform48. 控制通货膨胀control inflation (keep inflation under control)49. 让位于竞争需要give way to the need for competition50. 向．．．投资巨额资金invest huge amounts of money into51. 损失惨重suffer great losses52. 制造假象create smoke screens to do53. 陷入困境land oneself in deep trouble54. 吸引外商投资attract foreign investment55. 抓住机遇seize opportunities56. 适应．．．的发展adapt oneself to the development of57. 被指控接受贿赂be accused of accepting bribes58. 和．．．达成（签订）协议reach（sign）an agreement with59. 促进地区间的合作promote regional cooperation60. 退还大量钱款give back a large amount of money61. 举报非法行为disclose any illegal activities62. 筹集足够的资金raise enough funds 63. 采取不同的办法adopt various methods64. 承担风险bear (take) risk65. 创收外汇earn foreign exchange (currency)66. 活跃市场enliven the market67. 造成损失cause a loss to68. 十分重视attach importance to69. 制订．．．法律make a law of (to)70. 大力发展strive to develop
71. 提高居民生活improve residents’standard of living72. 提高管理水平raise the management level
73. 加强管理reinforce the management74. 完善服务perfect services
75. 刺激国内需求stimulate domestic demand76. 打破垄断break the monopoly
77. 加快竞争步伐accelerate the competition78. 为当地人带来多种经济和社会效益bring multiple economic and social benefits to the local people79. 优先发展公共运输give priority to the development of public transportation80. 调整产业结构adjust the industrial structure
Rush（匆匆）--朱自清Swallows may have gone, but there is a time of return; willow trees may have died back, but there is a time of regreening; peach blossoms may have fallen, but they will bloom again. Now, you the wise, tell
me, why should our days leave us, never to return? - If they had been stolen by someone, who could it be? Where could he hide them? If they had made the escape themselves, then where could they stay at the moment?
燕子去了，有再来的时候；杨柳枯了，有再青的时候；桃花谢了，有再开的时候。但是，聪明的，你告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢？——是有人偷了他们罢：那是谁？又藏在何处呢？是他们自己逃走了：现在又到了哪里呢？
I don\'t know how many days I have been given to spend, but I do feel my hands are getting empty. Taking stock silently, I find that more than eight thousand days have already slid away from me. Like a drop of water from the point of a needle disappearing into the ocean, my days are dripping into the stream of time, soundless, traceless. Already sweat is starting on my forehead, and tears welling up in my eyes.
我不知道他们给了我多少日子；但我的手确乎是渐渐空虚了。在默默里算着，八千多日子已经从我手中溜去；象针尖上一滴水滴在大海里，我的日子滴在时间的流里，没有声音也没有影子。我不禁头涔涔而泪潸潸了。Those that have gone have gone for good, those to come keep coming; yet in between, how swift is the shift, in such a rush? When I get up in the morning, the slanting sun marks its presence in my small room in two or three oblongs. The sun has feet, look, he is treading on, lightly and furtively; and I am caught, blankly, in his revolution. Thus--the day flows away through the sink when I wash my hands, wears off in the bowl when I eat my meal, and passes away before my day-dreaming gaze as reflect in silence. I can feel his haste now, so I reach out my hands to hold him back, but he keeps flowing past my withholding hands. In the evening, as I lie in bed, he strides over my body, glides past my feet, in his agile way. The moment I open my eyes and meet the sun again, one whole day has gone. I bury my face in my hands and heave a sigh. But the new day begins to flash past in the sigh.
去的尽管去了，来的尽管来着，去来的中间，又怎样的匆匆呢？早上我起来的时候，小屋里射进两三方斜斜的太阳。太阳他有脚啊，轻轻悄悄地挪移了；我也茫茫然跟着旋转。于是——洗手的时候，日子从水盆里过去；吃饭的时候，日子从饭碗里过去；默默时，便从凝然的双眼前过去。我觉察他去的匆匆了，伸出手遮挽时，他又从遮挽着的手边过去，天黑时，我躺在床上，他便伶伶俐俐地从我身边垮过，从我脚边飞去了。等我睁开眼和太阳再见，这算又溜走了一日。我掩着面叹息。但是新来的日子的影儿又开始在叹息里闪过了。What can I do, in this bustling world, with my days flying in their escape? Nothing but to hesitate, to rush. What have I been doing in that eight-thousand-day rush, apart from hesitating? Those bygone days have been dispersed as smoke by a light wind, or evaporated as mist by the morning sun. What traces have I left behind me? Have I ever left behind any gossamer traces at all? I have come to the world, stark naked; am I to go back, in a blink, in the same stark nakedness? It is not fair though: why should I have made such a trip for nothing!
在逃去如飞的日子里，在千门万户的世界里的我能做些什么呢？只有徘徊罢了，只有匆匆罢了；在八千多日的匆匆里，除徘徊外，又剩些什么呢？过去的日子如轻烟却被微风吹散了，如薄雾，被初阳蒸融了；我留着些什么痕迹呢？我何曾留着象游丝样的痕迹呢？我赤裸裸来到这世界，转眼间也将赤裸裸地回去罢？但不能平的，为什么偏要白白走这一遭啊？Y ou the wise, tell me, why should our days leave us, never to return? 你聪明的，告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢？28 March, 1922 1922.3.28
各专业的英文翻译
哲学Philosophy 马克思主义哲学Philosophy of Marxism 中国哲学Chinese Philosophy 外国哲学Foreign Philosophies 逻辑学Logic 伦理学Ethics 美学Aesthetics 宗教学Science of Religion 科学技术哲学Philosophy of Science and Technology 经济学Economics 理论经济学Theoretical Economics 政治经济学Political Economy 经济思想史History of Economic Thought 经济史History of Economic 西方经济学Western Economics 世界经济World Economics 人口、资源与环境经济学Population, Resources and Environmental Economics 应用经济学Applied Economics 国民经济学National Economics 区域经济学Regional Economics 财政学（含税收学）Public Finance (including Taxation) 金融学（含保险学）Finance (including Insurance) 产业经济学Industrial Economics 国际贸易学International Trade 劳动经济学Labor Economics 统计学Statistics 数量经济学Quantitative Economics 中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称 国防经济学National Defense Economics 法学Law 法学Science of Law 法学理论Jurisprudence 法律史Legal History 宪法学与行政法学Constitutional Law and Administrative Law 刑法学Criminal Jurisprudence 民商法学(含劳动法学、社会保障法学) Civil Law and Commercial Law (including Science of Labour Law and Science of Social Security Law ) 诉讼法学Science of Procedure Laws
翻译资料英语
FINANCIAL INNOV ATION Like other industries, the financial industry is in business to earn profits by selling its products. If a soap company perceives that there is a need in the marketplace for a laundry detergent with fabric softener, it develops a product to fit the need .Similarly, in order to maximize their profits, financial institutions develop new products to satisfy their own needs as well as those of their customers; in other words, innovation-which can be extremely beneficial to the economy-is driven by the desire to get (or stay) rich. This view of the innovation process leads to the following simple analysis: A chance in the financial institutions for innovations that are likely to be profitable. Starting in the 1960s, individuals and financial institutions operating in financial markets were confronted with drastic changes in the economic environment: Inflation and interest rates climbed sharply and became hard to predict, a situation that changed demand conditions in financial markets. Computer technology advanced rapidly, which changed supply conditions. In addition, financial regulations became especially inconvenient. Banking institution discovers many old ways of doing business being able to not have earned money again; they provide the masses finance with service and financial products sale neither well. Many financial intermediary is discovered they have no way to raise having arrived at a fund, but these self that will not a suspense of business right away with original tradition finance implement. For existing under new economy environment, research and development puts up banking institution be obliged to being able to satisfy customer need moreover the new product being able to gain a profit of and serving, this process is called financial engineering. In their case, necessity was the mother of innovation. Our discussion of why financial innovation occurs suggests that there are three basic types of financial innovations: Escapism to responding to needing condition change, to the small advantages supplying with condition change and to controlling. We have had one now understandable that banking institution is innovative for instance the cause institutions, let’s look at examples of how financial institutions in their search for profits have produced financial innovations of the three basic types. 1
英文翻译模板-(户口本全本)
Household Register Under Supervision of the Ministry of Public Security of P. R. C. ANNOUNCEMENTS 1.Household register has the legal validity that certifies the attorney ship of a citizen and the
relationship of family members, and it is the main reference for the censor and checkup of domiciliary register which is undertaking by the household registration authority. When the functionary of household registration authority censor and verify the household register, the householder and members of this family shall take the initiative in presenting the household register. 2.The householder shall take the household register in safekeeping; the household register is prohibited to be altered, transferred and leased. When the household register is lost, the household registration authority should be informed. 3.The right for registering the household register shall be performed by the household registration authority; any other unit and individual shall not make any records on the booklet. 4.The member of this family shall go to the household registration authority for transacting the declaration and registration, applying bring with the booklet, in case of the increase and decrease of the members and the alteration of registration items. 5.In case of that the whole family moves out of the residency, the household register shall be turned in and cancelled. Record of Dwelling Address Alteration
三级英语翻译(精品收藏)
三年级上册英语第一单元《Ｈｅｌｌｏ》课文翻译人教（新版) Hellｏ! I'm Zoｏm。您好！我是祖姆. Hｅllo，I'ｍ Mｉke。你好，我是迈克。?Hi， I'm Wu yifａn．你好,我是吴一凡.?Ｈi！ My nａme＇s Zｉp. 你好！我的名字是次波。?Gｏodby ｅ! 再见！ Bｙe， Miss Whitｅ！再见，怀特小姐! Helｌｏ,I’mＣhen Jie。嗨,你好，我叫陈洁.?Wｈa ｔ’s your ｎａme？你叫什么名字? My name’sＳarah. 我叫莎拉. Ｈeｌｌo,Ｉ＇m Miss Whｉｔｅ. 你好，我是怀特小姐。 Hello，I'ｍ Wu ｙiｆan. 你好,我是吴一凡。 Hｉ,I’ｍ Sａrah。你好！我是莎拉。 Helｌo， I'ｍ Lｉu Xin．你好！我是刘欣。?Hi， Ｉ’m John．嗨，我是约翰.?I havｅ a ruler. 我有一把尺子。 I have a rulｅr. Me toｏ ! 我有一支尺子.我也是！?I hａｖe a penｃil。Ｍe tｏo ! 我有一支铅笔。我也是!?Ｉｈａvｅａ crayon. Mｅｔoｏ！我有一支蜡笔。我也是!?I ｈave an eraser． Me tｏo！我有一块橡皮。我
也是！?Helｌo，I’m Mike。你好，我是迈克.?Wｈ at's ｙｏur ｎamｅ? 你叫什么名字？ My name’s Jｏhn. 我是约翰.?Gｏoｄｂye！再见！?Ｂye， Mｉsｓ White ！再见，怀特小姐! Whaｔ＇ｓ your name? 你叫什么名字？?Mｙｎ ame's Ｌilｙ．我的名字是莉莉。 Oh， no！哦,不！?Zoｏm!yoｕｒｂａg！祖姆！你的包！?Open your ｐenｃｉｌｂｏx. 打开你的铅笔盒。Shｏｗ me ｙｏur ｐen。让我看看你的钢笔。 Cｌose yｏuｒ bｏｏk. 把书合上. Carry your bag。携带你的包。?Ｈeｌlo! 您好！?Ｈi!Ｗｈo＇s tｈｅre? 你好！谁在那里？ Gueｓs！猜！?Arｅ you Ｔutｕ？你是图图？?Ｎo! 不! Ｈａｈa! I＇m Zip! 哈哈!我是次波！ Hi，Ｚip！ My name’s Zｏoｍ。嗨，次波！我的名字是祖姆。 Ｌet'ｓｐlaｙ！ Ok? 让我们玩！好吗??Great! 太好了！ 三年级上册英语第二单元《Ｃoloｕｒs》课文翻译人教
材料英语翻译
①化学这门科学在当今世界非常有用。 ②y对于x的依赖关系用y=f(x)来表示。 ③各种物质的导热能力差异很大③各种物质的导热能力差异很大。 ④这个参数可以准确地加以测量。 ⑤半导体的导电率随温度的变化而变化。 ⑥原子能的恰当名称是核能。 ⑦工程材料的性质依赖于（取决于）它们的成分、结构、合成、加工。 ⑧材料科学与工程这个术语将材料科学与材料工程结合在一起，材料科学在材料知识谱的基础知识端，材料工程在应用知识端，两者之间并没有分界线。 ⑨材料的许多性质强烈依赖于其结构，即使材料的成分保持不变。这就是为什么材料中结构-性质关系或者显微结构-性质关系至关重要。 ⑩上面的两个等式极为重要。 The two equations above are of great importance. 十一.金属棒热端的分子随着那里的温度的增加而振动得越来越快。 Molecules at the hot end of a metallic rod vibrate faster as the temperature there increases. 十二.通常这些参数中有一些是已知的。 Usually some of these parameters are known. 十三.当温度低于临界温度时，电子能自由地通过晶格运动。 As temperatures below the critical temperature, the electrons move freely throughout the lattice. 十四. A随温度的这种变化主要是由B的变化引起的。 This variation of A with temperature is due primarily to variations in B. 十五.这种复杂的关系必须用图解来表示。 This complicated relationship must be representedgraphically. 十六.原子间的键合作用部分取决于原子的价电子如何结合在一起。键的类型包括金属键、共价键、离子键、范德华键。 十七.键能与键的强度有关，特别是离子键和共价键结合的材料键能很高。高键能的材料常常具有高的熔点、高的弹性模量和低的热膨胀系数。 ③许多陶瓷材料中发现的离子键是当正电性的原子失去电子给负电性的原子，产生带正电的阳离子和带负电的阴离子而形成的。
CATTI三级笔译综合能力资料
全国翻译资格考试三级笔译综合能力讲义 第一节考试内容介绍、定语从句讲解、练习及译法 第一部分考试介绍 一、考试题型 词汇和语法部分50题25分25分钟 阅读理解50题55分75分钟 完型填空20题20分20分钟 二、考试要求 掌握本大纲要的英语词汇；掌握并能够正确运用双语语法；具备对常用问题英语文章的阅读理解能力。 三、笔译综合能力试题的基本类型 第一部分词汇和语法部分可分为三大部分：词汇选择（Vocabulary and Grammar）1-20难度大约在四级左右；词语替代（Vocabulary Selection）21-40主要找出和划横线部分相同意思的词汇，难度在4级到6级之间；改错（Error Correction）主要有词汇和语法的两种错误。 第一部分考察的内容主要为近义词的辨析、短语介词和动词词组的搭配；语法点主要包括定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句、虚拟语气、非谓语动词等等。在其后会分专题来讲解。 第二部分阅读理解共5篇，字数在每篇150-450字之间，绝大多数在250字左右，每篇有5到10题，不定量。题材广泛，选题多样。类似于四级以上难度和题型，但是和专业四级题型更加相似。 第三部分为开放性完型填空，20空，共20分。题材广泛，选题多样。难度和专业四级等同。 四、基本复习策略 综合能力课程作为三级笔译必修的课程，主要是考察学生对于英语基本知识的了解，特别是对双语习惯的掌握，为了能够更好地为实务课程打下坚实的基础，所以希望每一位同学都不要对这门课程产生掉以轻心的念头。根据个人经验，我个人推荐以下几个复习的策略：第一、要对大纲的词汇做到十分熟悉，这种熟悉不是简单地认识，而是要学会使用，特别是在没有字典的帮助之下可以迅速而准确地判断搭配。 第二、对于语法结构的重视，但凡是学翻译就必须要对语法结构有着深入的了解，这种了解不是简单地会划分句子成分，而是将每个句子如何组合，这将决定你实务中的句型翻译的关键。 第三，阅读能力要强。任何考试都是得阅读者得天下，咱们的综合能力考试也不除外。包括实务考试，如果文章内容没有弄明白，那么对文章的翻译肯定是不行的。 以上三点经验之谈，仅供参考。 定语从句的讲解、练习及译法 1．that和which用法比较： 1) which用于非限定性定语从句中。 e.g.: He said he was busy, which was not true. 他说他很忙，那是假的。 We don’t want to enter the house, which is very cold. 我们不想进房间，因为太冷了。 2) which用于介词后做宾语。 e.g.: The room of which windows are opposite to the room is large. 窗户正对着海的房间很大。 The chair in which you are sitting is made of iron.
各专业的英文翻译
中国教育在线考研频道提供考研全方面信息指导及咨询服务，为您成功考研提供一切帮助。 哲学Philosophy 马克思主义哲学Philosophy of Marxism 中国哲学Chinese Philosophy 外国哲学Foreign Philosophies 逻辑学Logic 伦理学Ethics 美学Aesthetics 宗教学Science of Religion 科学技术哲学Philosophy of Science and Technology 经济学Economics 理论经济学Theoretical Economics 政治经济学Political Economy 经济思想史History of Economic Thought 经济史History of Economic 西方经济学Western Economics 世界经济World Economics 人口、资源与环境经济学Population, Resources and Environmental Economics 应用经济学Applied Economics 国民经济学National Economics 区域经济学Regional Economics 财政学（含税收学）Public Finance (including Taxation) 金融学（含保险学）Finance (including Insurance) 产业经济学Industrial Economics 国际贸易学International Trade 劳动经济学Labor Economics 统计学Statistics 数量经济学Quantitative Economics 中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称 国防经济学National Defense Economics 法学Law 法学Science of Law 法学理论Jurisprudence 法律史Legal History 宪法学与行政法学Constitutional Law and Administrative Law 刑法学Criminal Jurisprudence
翻译资料
False friend 绿豆green bean mung bean 方便面convenience noodles instant noodles 隐形眼镜invisible glasses contact lens 早恋early love puppy love 机械对应 干货dry goods dried goods 油性皮肤oil skin oily skin 没有考虑具体搭配 假花false flower artificial flower 假唱false singing lip-synch 番茄酱tomato sauce ketchup 食言eat one's word break a promise 农民peasant 个人主义individualism 五行 金、木、水、火、土 The Five Elements (metal,wood,water,fire and earth, held by the ancients to compose the physical universe and later used in traditional Chinese medicine to explain various physiological and pathological phenomena) 气功qigong 功夫Kong fu 太极Tai chi 风水Feng shui 阴阳Yin-yang 饺子jiaozi 荔枝litchi乌龙茶oolong 皮蛋Preserved egg 元宵Sweet dumplings made of glutinous rice flour 粽子A pyramid-shaped dumpling made of glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves. 盲流Jobless migrants 拔火罐Cupping 拜堂perform the marriage ceremony 易经Book of change号脉Feel the pulse京剧Beijing Opera龙舟Dragon boat 春节Spring Festival 春卷Spring roll 八宝莲子粥Eight-treasure Lotus Seed Porridge 文化大革命Cultural Revolution 毛泽东思想Mao Tse-tung thought 围棋Weiqi—a game played with black and white pieces on a board of 361 crosses 兔死狐悲 Literal trans: Foxes will grieve at the death of the hare Liberal trans: All things are sorry for their own kind 调虎离山 To lure the tiger out of the hills To lure the enemy from his base “我中了他的调虎离山计啦” I’ve fallen for his luring the tiger out of the hills scheme. 引狼入室 Literal: To bring the wolves into the house Liberal: to invite disasters 走马观花 To ride out on horseback to enjoy flowers To gain a superficial understanding through cursory obvservation 调查有两种方法，一种是走马观花，一种是下马看花。
专业英语翻译1
专业英语翻译1
Basic Chemistry 1. Atomic Structure Matter has mass and takes up space. Atoms are basic building blocks of matter, and cannot be chemically subdivided by ordinary means. Both the protons and neutrons reside in the nucleus. Protons have a positive (+) charge, neutrons have no charge --they are neutral. Electrons reside in orbitals around the nucleus. They have a negative charge (-). It is the number of protons that determines the atomic number. The number of protons in an element is constant but neutron number may vary, so mass number (protons + neutrons) may vary. 1。原子结构 物质有质量，占空间。原子是物质的基本组成物，不能用普通的方法进行化学细分。 质子和中子都驻留在原子核中。质子有一个正电荷，中子是不带电的，它们是中性的。电子在原子核周围的轨道上。他们有一个负电荷（-）。 它是确定原子序数的质子数。在一个元素中的质子的数量是恒定的，但中子数可能会有所不同，所以质量数（质子+中子）可能会有所不同。 The same element may contain varying numbers of neutrons; these forms of an element are called isotopes. The chemical properties of isotopes are the same, although the physical properties of some isotopes may be different. Some isotopes are radioactive-meaning they "radiate" energy as they decay to a more stable form, perhaps another element half-life: time required for half of the atoms of an element to decay into stable form. Another example is oxygen, with atomic number of 8 can have 8, 9, or 10 neutrons. 相同的元素可能含有不同数量的中子，这些元素
英文简历必备-个人资料中英翻译
个人资料 name 姓名 alias 别名 pen name 笔名 date of birth 出生日期 birth date 出生日期 born 出生于 birth place 出生地点 age 年龄 native place 籍贯 province 省 city 市 autonomous region 自治区prefecture 专区 county 县 nationality 民族，国籍citizenship 国籍 duel citizenship 双重国籍address 地址 current address 目前地址present address 目前地址permanent address 永久地址postal code 邮政编码 home phone 住宅电话 office phone 办公电话business phone 办公电话Tel.电话 sex 性别 male 男
female 女 height 身高 weight 体重 marital status 婚姻状况family status 家庭状况married 已婚 single/unmarried 未婚divorced 离异 separated 分居 number of children 子女人数none 无 street 街 lane 胡同，巷 road 路 district 区 house number 门牌 health 健康状况 health condition 健康状况blood type 血型 short-sighted 近视 far-sighted 远视 color-blind 色盲 ID card No.身份证号码 date of availability 可到职时间available 可到职membership 会员，资格president 会长 vice-president 副会长director 理事 standing director 常务理事
英文翻译 模板
目录 Housing Consumption and Economic Growth in China (2) 住房消费和经济增长在中国 (10) 摘要 (10) 关键词: (10) 一、介绍 (11) 二、方法 (11) c .固定式测试 (12) d .协整检验 (12) E大肠误差修正模型(ECM)[6] (13) f.格兰杰因果关系检验 (13) 三、应用程序和结果 (14) a .数据和变量 (14) b .固定式测试 (14) e系列是平稳序列 (14) d .误差修正模型 (14) 四、结论 (15) 引用 (15)
Housing Consumption and Economic Growth in China Wang XJ (Wang Xijun) School of Economics & Management, Weifang University of China, xjwang69@https://www.360docs.net/doc/d813069727.html, Abstract: Consumption is a very important part in social reproduction, and its driving effect on social economic growth always plays the leading role. Housing is the basic living material which is essential for people?s life; housing consumption is the important material condition for the labor force reproduction. This study, based on China?s statistical data from 1985 to 2007,by employing co-integration theory, Granger causality test and error correction model (ECM),respectively investigates the relationship between consumption, housing consumption and economic growth. The empirical result denotes that there exists bilateral Granger causality relationship between consumption and economic growth. For a long period, there exists long term stable equilibrium relationship between GDP, consumption, and housing consumption; consumption and housing consumption both promote the growth of GDP. Housing consumption?s contribution to the growth of GDP is obviously higher than consumption. For a short period, consumption spurs the growth of GDP more than housing consumption. Keywords:Housing consumption; Economic growth; Co-integration ; ECM; Granger causality test I. INTRODUCTION Consumption is a very important part in social reproduction, and its driving
英语翻译学习资料(含中英文解释)
例1.Winners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine they should be, rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energy putting on a performance, maintaining pretence and manipulating（操纵） others . They are aware that there is a difference between being loved and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable. Winners do not need to hide behind a mask. 1.dedicate to 把时间，精力用于 2.pretence 虚伪，虚假 6 ．1 斤斤于字比句次，措辞生硬 例2.Solitude is an excellent laboratory in which to observe the extent to which manners and habits are conditioned by others. My table manners are atrocious( 丑恶)—in this respect I've slipped back hundreds of years in fact, I have no manners whatsoever（完全，全然）. If I feel like it, I eat with my fingers, or out of a can, or standing up —in other words, whichever is easiest. 孤独是很好的实验室，正好适合观察一个人的举止和习惯在多大程度上受人制约。如今我吃东西的举止十分粗野；这方面一放松就倒退了几百年，实在是一点礼貌也没有。我高兴就用手抓来吃，（eat out of a can）开个罐头端着吃，站着吃；反正怎么省事就怎么吃。 3.Whatsoever 完全，全然 1.Be conditioned by 受……制约 2.Atrocious 丑恶 6 ．2 结构松散，表达过于口语化 例3．有一次，在拥挤的车厢门口，我听见一位男乘客客客气气地问他前面的一位女乘客：“您下车吗？”女乘客没理他。“您下车吗？”他又问了一遍。女乘客还是没理他。他耐不住了，放大声问：“下车吗？”，那女乘客依然没反应。“你是聋子，还是哑巴？”他急了，捅了一下那女乘客，也引起了车厢里的人都往这里看。女乘客这时也急了，瞪起一双眼睛，回手给了男乘客一拳。（庄绎传，英汉翻译教程，1999 ：练习 3 ） 译文1：Once at the crowded door of the bus, I heard a man passenger asked politely a woman passenger before him: “Are you getting off?” The woman made no
英语三级翻译大全
1.首先，我们要让他相信这是可能的。 First , we should convince him that it is possible. 2.坏天气仍可能再持续好几天. It remains possible that the bad weather will last for several more days. 3.如果出了问题，谁来负责。 If problems arise , who can be responsible for it . 4.我试图向他解释，但他却生气地转过脸去。 I tried to explain , but he turned away from me in anger. 5.人们通常将阳光视为生命的必要条件之一。 People often view sunshine as one of the necessary conditions for life . 6.我昨天不该喝那么多啤酒的。 I shouldn’t have drunk so much beer yesterday. 7.你本不必过来那么早。会议9点菜开始。 You needn’t have been here so early. The meeting begins at 9 o’clock. 8.过去一遇到问题，她就去找她姐姐帮忙。 She would turn to her sister for help whenever there was a problem. 9.地面时湿的。刚才一定是下过雨了。 The ground is wet .It must have just rained. 10.难道她不该涨工资吗？ Shouldn’t she have a pay-raise? 11.他开会迟到了，大家的目光都集中到他的身上。 He was late for the meeting and all people were focused their eyes on him. 12.他妈妈周末不让他出房门，因为他没做完作业。 His mother confined him to the room for the weekend because he didn’t finish his homework. 13.医生建议我们不要让皮肤过多地暴露在阳光下。 The doctor advice us not to expose our skin to the sunshine too much.
专业英语翻译
Freeways,especially those built to Interstate standards are the safest of the various classes of highways. 高速公路,尤其是那些按照州际公路标准建造的是各种公路里面最安全的. While control of access, which limits vehicle conflicts(车辆冲突), is a primary factor in relatively low accident, injury,and fatality rates(事故,死亡率), other design features, such as wide medians and shoulders roadsides clear of obstructions, and the extensive use of protective barriers(护栏), are key factors as well. 出入口控制减少车辆冲突，是获得较低的交通事故率和伤亡率的一个主要因素。另外，其他的设计特性，如较宽的中央分隔带和较宽的路肩、路边无障碍物、大量采用防护栏等也是关键要素。 The higher design speeds(设计速度) used for freeways result in long sight distances(视距)due to long radius horizontal curves and long vertical curves, and other desirable design features that create a safe driving environment. 高速公路采用较高的设计速度导致的长视距是由于大半径水平曲线和长的竖曲线，以及其他创造安全的驾驶环境的适宜的设计特性. Although most of the nation’s freeways enjoy this
英语翻译复习资料
英语翻译与写作复习资料一、短语翻译（Phrase Translation）：英译中，15题，共15分。 . subject to…参照….，按照…. . to arrange an interview at your convenience:在您方便的时候安排面试 . win the bidding中标 . to merit serious consideration: 值得认真考虑 . submission of tender 投标 . in one’s estimation / judgment/ opinion/view据某人的判断/评价/意见/看法 . constructive proposal建设性意见 . I was interested to see your advertisement in … and …我对你们在…上所登的广告甚感兴趣，并…… . pay attention to…对….引起注意 . tentative itinerary暂定行程 . large order大批订单 . give further details提供进一步的详细资料 . to conduct an inquiry调查 . I could not be more satisfied if you can kindly...如果你能…我将会非常满意。 .I am most reluctant to complain, but...我非常不愿意投诉，但… . be dissatisfied with…对…表示不满 be unable to keep the promise to…未能遵照承诺… . would you please forgive me for…可否请你原谅我… . give …great pleasure/ honor to…使某人感到非常荣幸 .have an opening for …有一个…空缺 . mutually beneficial cooperation双方互利的合作 .I understand from Mr. … one of your suppliers, that there is an opening in your company for … 我由…先生，系你们的供应商之一，得知贵公司有一…空缺 . to point out指出 .prior engagement先前的约定 . make for动身前往 . letter of authorization授权书 二、句子翻译（Sentence Translation）：英译中，10题，共20分。 . Our proposal has got the board’s initial approval.我们的建议得到了董事会的初步批准。 . Public relations girl at Guangzhou Holiday Inn.Full-time in summers, part-time during school. 在广州文化假日酒店当公关小姐。暑期全职，上课时兼职。 .Please extend my wishes of good luck to your family.请代我祝福你的家人好运。 .This Contract shall become effective upon and from the date on which it is signed.本合同签字生效 . This is an area that needs to be addressed in the near future.这是一个需要在不久的将来要处理的区域。 . I should like to know exactly what action has been taken.我想确切的知道已经采取什么行动。. I strongly hope that the next year will promise a brighter prospect for our company. 我衷心祝愿我们公司来年取得更加辉煌的成就。 .We regret our inability to accept your claim because the cases, when being loaded, left nothing to be desired. 很遗憾我们不能接受你的要求，因为在超载情况下，，就没有什么可期望的了。 .All activities of ABC Co. shall be governed by the laws, decrees and pertinent rules and regulations of China. ABC公司的一切活动必须受中国的法律、法令和有关规章条例的管辖 .Please feel free to contact me if you need further information.如果需要更多信息请随时与我联系 .I would have applied to you for a position some time ago, if you had a vacancy. 我本来前一段时间应用到你的位置，如果你有一个空缺。 .Your assistance on my recent trip was much appreciated. Without your advice and guidance I couldn’t possibly have achieved as much as I was able to in so short a period of time. 你对我这次援助是大加赞赏。没有你们的建议和指导，我不可能在这么短的一段时间取得了我最大的成就。 . A position in management training programs with the eventual goal of participating in the management rank of marketing. 管理培训计划方面的职位，最终目标是参与市场管理层 .The job looks very challenging, but because of the thorough training I received at USC, together with your own informal coaching, I’m confident I can handle it. 这项工作看起来非常具有挑战性的，但因为我在南加州大学获得，用自己的正规的教练一起全面培训，我相信我能应付自如。 .We would appreciate having your acceptance soon so we may complete our agenda. 恳请您尽快予以答复，以便我们做出安排。 . Have the kindness to take note of our signatures at foot.请注意我们下列签名。 .We enclose our list of prices and terms, and would ask you to kindly note the signatures at foot.兹附上价目表及交易条款，并请注意下面的签名。 . All of my professional experience has been in manufacturing organizations. 我所有的专业经验，都是在制造企业领域的。 . Our proposa l has got the board’s initial approval.我们的计划已经得到了董事会的初步通过。 . An entry-level position in sales. Eventual goal: manager of marketing department. 一个入门级销售的定位。最终目标：销售部门的经理。 . All my colleagues found me responsible and innovative. 我的同事们都认为我是一个极其负责任并有创新精神的人。 三、段落翻译（Paragraph Translation ）：英