定语从句用法总结计划.doc
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定语从句用法总结
一 .定义：定语由一个句子来充当，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句。
eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other. 其中划线部分为定语从句。
二 .分类：分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，还有间隔性定语从句。
eg: 1.This is the school (that/which)we visited last year. （限制性定语从句）
2.The weather turned out to be very good,which was more than we could expect.（非限制性定语从句）
3.The days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living. （间隔性定语从句）
注：定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句无逗号隔开、不可缺少、起修饰限制作用；而非限制性定语从句有逗号
隔开、可有可无、起补充说明作用。
三. 构成：定语从句有先行词、引导词和从句构成。先
行词是定语从句所修饰限制的名词或代词。
引导词是用来引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词。
eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.
此句中先行词为：narrow streets and small houses,
引导词为： that，定语从句为：that are built close to each other
四．基本原则
定语从句中不能出现与先行词在意义上相一致的词
Eg.This is the book that I like it best .(it与book指同一物，所以要去掉。)
五．定语从句中常见考点：
考点一 .关系代词和关系副词的辨别
1. 关系代词that（人、物）， which（物）、 who(m) （人）、whose（某人的，某物的）、 as
2.关系副词 when（表时间）、 where（表地点）、 why（表原因）
注：关系副词可变为“介词 +关系代词”结构（即：关系副词=介词 +关系代词）。
eg:This is the mountain village where(=in which)I stayed last month.
3.怎样选择正确的关系代词或关系副词
方法一：找出先行词和定语从句中动词，看定从中动词与先行词能否构成习惯搭配。能，
用关系代词；不能，用关系副词 .
Eg.I will never forget the day that I spent with my parents.( 定从中动词spent 与先行词the day 构成 spent the day ,所以用关系代词that 或 which 或省略 )
方法二：找出先行词和定语从句，看定语从句是否缺少主语、宾语或表语，如缺少，用关
系代词。如不缺少，定语从句所表达意思相对完整，用关系副词。
eg:① .This is the factory ____ made cars . ( 缺少主语，所以用关系代词that 或 which，作主语不能省略)
②.This is the reason _______ he was late for school.( 定语从句 he was late for school 表
达意思相对完整，所以用关系副词why 或介词 +关系代词for which)
注意：当先行词为case、position、point、situation、society、activity 等抽象意义的名词时，常用关系副词where 引导定语从句.
eg:He got himself into a dangerous situation where he may lose control of the plane .
考点二 . 定从中 that 与 which 的区别
1.关系代词只用 that 的情况。
（1）当先行词为不定代词（ all、much、little 、 few、some、any、none、one、something、anything、everything 等）或先行词被不定形容词（all、many 、some、few、little 等）修饰时。
eg:Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself？
（2）当先行词既有人又有物时。
eg:Do you know the things and persons that you are talking about.
（3）当先行词含有序数词或最高级时。
eg: ①This bus is the first that will go to Beijing.
②This is the best movie that I have ever seen.
（4）当先行词被 only、 very、 next、 last 等修饰时。
eg:This is the very book that I ’m looking for.
（5）在 who 或 which 引的特殊疑句中。
eg:Which is the bike that you lost?
（6）当关系代在定从句中作表。
eg:Zhengzhou is no longer the city that it used to be.
2.关系代只用which 的情况。
（ 1）引非限制性定从句。
eg:He turned to be a very successful man,which was more than we expected.
（ 2）在“介 +关系代” 构中，关系代只用which。
eg:This is the question about which they have so much discussion in the past few weeks. （ 3）当关系代后有插入成分。
eg: Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, which, of course, made all the others upset.
3.指人，关系代只用who(m) 的情况。
（ 1）引非限制性定从句。
eg:She has a daughter,who is a doctor in the famous hospital.
（ 2）当“介 +关系代 (格形式 )” 构引定从句。
eg: The gentleman about whom you told me proved to be a thief.
（ 3）当关系代后有插入成分。
eg:This is my friend who,I think,is the best in our class..
（4）在 There be 句型构中，先行指人。
eg:There is a young lady who asks for you.
考点三： as 的用法及as 与 which 的区
1.as 引的定从句
（1） as 常用于固定搭配中： the same. . . as， such?as， as/so? as
eg:①.Zhengzhou is such a wonderful city as everyone likes to visit.
比较： Zhengzhou is such a wonderful city that everyone likes to visit it.
注意：第一句是定语从句，所以定从中没有出现与先行词city 意义上一致的词，第二句是状语从句，that 后应为完整句子，所以it 不能省略。
② .Today I bought the same bike as Tom did last week .( 同样的但不是同一辆)
比较： Today he wears the same coat that he did yesterday .（同一件衣服）
（2） as 常用于固定句型中： as we all / everyboby know(s), ,as is often the case,as we expect 等。
eg:As we all know,Zhengzhou is an attractive city.
2.在非限制性定语从句中，as与 which 的区别
⑴指代整句话内容时，as 可位于主句前面、中间或后面；而which 一般位于主句后。另外， which 还可指代一个名词或一个短语。
eg① : As we all know,Tom is a good boy.
②： China,which was founded in 1949,is becoming more and more powerful.
③： She doesn't think she is wrong,which makes her teacher angry.（ which 指代上文整个句子）
⑵ .as 在句中有正如之意，而which 没有，
eg: ① He succeeded this time,as had been expected.
②She has made great progress,which makes her parents very happy.
③As we all know,knowledge changes life.
考点四 . 定从中所属关系的表达
whose引导定语从句时必须和名词放在一起。whose+n(s)
=the+n(s)+of which/whom
=of +which/whom+the+n(s)
eg:The house whose roof was damaged has now been repaired.
=The house the roof of which was damaged has now been repaired.
=The house of which the roof was damaged has now been repaired.
考点五．定从中动词形式与先行词的一致
eg: ① He is one of the students who fail the exam.
②He is the only one of the students who fails the exam.
③Those who are fond of studying do well in exams.
考点六 .the way作先行引定从，关系可用in which/that/省略。
eg:I don ’t like the way that/in which/ 省略 he spoke to me.
考点七 .介词+关系代词
在种构中，关系代表示人, 只能用 whom ；关系代表示物, 只能用 which。
*怎正确的介
1.根据定从句中的搭配来决定。如：
① This is the pen on which I spent 10 yuan. ( spend money on sth. 固定搭配)
② This is the pen for which I paid 10 yuan. (pay money for sth. 固定搭配)
2. 根据先行的搭配来决定。如：
①I remember the day on which I graduated from high school.
( 在具体某一天要用介on)
②I remember the days during which I lived in Russia.
（在某几天内要用介during）
③ I remember the month in which I got along with Tom（在month前介要用in）
3.根据从句中与先行的关系。
Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?
(write ...for the article)
4.根据从句中形容的搭配。
① The secretary with whomthe boss is not happy will be fired for her
.
carelessness ( be happy with " ?表示意")
老板其不意的那个秘将由于她粗心而被解雇。
②H e is a learned man with whom we are familiar .
( be familiar with...熟悉)他是一位我熟悉的有学的人。
5.有些“ +介”的固定不可拆开用
常的有： look for,look after, care for,send for,hear of， hear from, deal with,
get through,pay attention to 等。
Eg .This is the watch (which/that) I am looking for. 是我正在找的手表。
This is the watch for which I am looking. （）
6. “不定代both,some,any,many,(a)few,none ， neither ?等+of whom 或of which ，
表示整体与部分的关系或所属关系
eg: ① I have many apples,some of which are bad.（很多苹果中有一些是色）
比： I have many apples and some of them are bad .
②He has three children, none of whom is kind to him.
比： He has three children but none of them is kind to him .
7.“介 +which+to do”作定的情况
介 +which+to do 作定相当于介+which 引定从句。其中定从句主与主句主
一致，且从句含有情。
eg:① Frank ’s dream was to have a shop in which to produce the workings of his own hands.
（=Frank ’s dream was to have a shop in which he could produce the workings of his own hands.）
②He has no house in which to live.(=He has no house in which he can live.)
8.“介 +where”引的定从句的情况
有候，我可以到“介+where ”引定从句的情况。此，where 代替的是表示地点的介短。
eg:You can look out of the window,from where you get a good view.( 其中 where=out of the window)
考点八：定从句与短语的转化
1.The girl （ who is ）dancing now just returned from Beijing. 正在跳舞的女孩从北京
回来
2.I love the stories （ which were） written by Mary . 我喜写的故事。
3.
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初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解与练习题
定语从句的用法和精练 一、定语从句的概念 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词后 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。 四、关系代词的用法 （一）限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法 1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,
作宾语可省略。例如: Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语) The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that 作宾语) 2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语) The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语) 3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如: The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语) Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to? 正在与明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语) 注意:(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who, that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如: This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。 Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。 (2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如: This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。 (3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:
定语从句用法总结
定语从句用法总结 一.定义：定语由一个句子来充当，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.其中划线部分为定语从句。 二.分类：分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，还有间隔性定语从句。 eg: is the school (that/which)we visited last year. （限制性定语从句） weather turned out to be very good,which was more than we could expect. （非限制性定语从句） days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.（间隔性定语从句） ] 注：定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句无逗号隔开、不可缺少、起修饰限制作用；而非限制性定语从句有逗号隔开、可有可无、起补充说明作用。 三.构成：定语从句有先行词、引导词和从句构成。 先行词是定语从句所修饰限制的名词或代词。 引导词是用来引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other. 此句中先行词为：narrow streets and small houses, ( 引导词为：that，定语从句为：that are built close to each other 四．基本原则 定语从句中不能出现与先行词在意义上相一致的词 is the book that I like it best .(it 与book指同一物，所以要去掉。) 五．定语从句中常见考点：
中考复习专题常见定语从句最全总结
中考复习专题常见定语从句最全总结 一、定语从句 1．–– What are you looking for? ––I’m looking for the book _______ you bought last Sunday. A．who B．when C．that 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：——你正在寻找什么？——我正在寻找上周日你买的那本书。who引导定语从句,修饰人，作定语从句的主语或宾语；when引导定语从句，作状语；that引导定语从句，修饰事物或人，作主语或宾语。此处修饰的先行词the book是事物，作定语从句谓语bought的宾语，故用that引导定语从句，故选C。 2．My mother doesn't like stories _____have sad endings. A．that B．who C．where D．those 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我妈妈不喜欢有悲伤的结局的故事。 根据句子结构可知这里考查定语从句的引导词，先排除D；先行词是stories，指物，排除B；且定语从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词，排除C，故选：A。 3．Sitting down after a walk is relaxing. But would you like to sit on a seat_____tell you your weight? A．/ B．who C．whom D．that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：散步后坐下来很令人放松。但是你愿意坐在一个能告诉你体重的座位上吗? 考查关系词辨析。本句是定语从句，who和whom用于先行词是人时，前者多做主语（也可做宾语），后者只做宾语；that指人或物，可省略。本句先行词seat是物，可排除BD 两项；引导词做从句的主语，that不可省略，故选D。 4．—Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth（流浪地球） ? —Yes. It's the best one I have ever seen. A．that B．which C．what D．it 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——你看过《流浪地球》这部电影吗？——这是我看到过的电影中最好的一部。
高中英语语法定语从句总结全
高中英语定语从句详解 Ⅰ、概念: (１) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语得从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词（antｅcedｅｎt)后面。 (2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰得成份。先行词可以为一个词,短语，或整个主句。 (3)引导定语从句得词叫关系词,分为关系代词与关系副词。 关系词得作用: 1) 引导定语从句，连接主句与从句,相当于一个连词; ２) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语，状语) 常用得关系代词: ｔhat、wｈｉcｈ、wｈo、whom、wｈosｅ,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，关系代词可以省略。 常用得关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语）、why(原因状语)、wｈe ｒｅ（地点状语） 可以修饰人得关系代词:thａt, ｗho，wｈｏｍ,whosｅ 可以修饰事得关系代词:tｈat, whｉcｈ, as，whose, The studeｎt who answerｅd ｔhe ｑuestion was John、 Ｉkｎow thｅｒeasoｎwhy he wａｓso angｒy、 The bｏy （wｈom) ｙou are taｌkｉnｇｔo is myｂrotｈｅｒ、 Ｉ'd likｅ a ｒoｏｍwhose window fａｃesｔｈe sea、 定语从句三步： 第一找出先行词; 第二瞧先行词在定语从句中得语法功能（做主语、宾语、表语或状语); 第三选择合适得关系词。 Ⅱ、几个关系代词得基本用法: ●tｈat:可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。(指人时,相当于whｏ或wｈｏｍ;指物时,相当于whiｃh)（一般不用于非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语) 如: 1、A lｅtteｒthaｔ／which is wrｉtｔen in peｎcｉl is diffiｃult ｔo ｒead、（主语) 2、Do yｏu kｎｏw tｈe gentleman ｔhａｔ/ｗｈｏspoke just ｎｏw? 3、Ｙou can takｅａnything ( ｔhat)you like、(宾语) 4、Whaｔｉs thｅquestiｏｎ(ｔhat/whｉｃh) they aｒｅｔalｋing about? 5、Hｅreｉs theｍan （wｈo／whom/ｔhat) yｏu want tｏsee、 6、Ｓhe＇s no longeｒthe girl( that) sｈeｕsｅd to ｂe befｏre、（表语） 7、Ｏuｒhometｏwn iｓno ｌonger ｔhｅoｎe (thａt)it usｅｄto ｂe、(=Ｏｕr homeｔｏｗn iｓｎot tｈe sａｍe as it uｓed tｏｂe、 = Our hｏmｅtｏwn is diffeｒenｔfrom what iｔｕｓｅｄtｏｂe。 =Ouｒhometｏｗn ｉs notｗhａt it uｓed to ｂe、) ●which：指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语。如： 1、Thｅboｏk which/thａｔwas ｏn the ｄeｓkｗａsｂought bｙｍy fatｈer、(主语) 2、Tｈｅboｏk(whiｃh/tｈaｔ) Ｉｂｏught yesteｒdaｙｉs very
英语定语从句用法总结
英语定语从句用法总结 定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后关系代词的用法：1. 作主语用who, which和that, 如： He is the man who/that lives next door. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 2. 作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如： The man we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book I bought last week? 注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略;用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。 3. 作定语用whose, 如： It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. 注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语 He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. 4. 作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如： He is no longer the man that he used to be.
This is no longer the dirty place we met yesterday. 3. why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。如： That is the reason why he is leaving so soon. 注：why时常也可以省略。如： That is the real reason he did it. + which; where = in he arrived. The office where he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why we did it. 2. 当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或 宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点 状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory where radio parts are made. His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts. 3. when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导 非限制性定语从句。而why 只
定语从句用法归纳完整版
定语从句用法归纳标准化管理处编码[BBX968T-XBB8968-NNJ668-MM9N]
定语从句用法归纳 篇一：定语从句的用法一、定语从句的有关概念所谓定语从句，就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。学习定语从句，首先要弄清两个重要概念——先行词和关系词。先行词是我们汉语中从来没有听过的一个新概念，它其实指的就是被定语从句所修饰的词。由于定语从句修饰名词或代词时，定语从句通常是后置的，所以人们就将放在定语从句前被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 那什么是关系词呢其实它就是用于引导定语从句的引导词。事实上，英语中的各类从句，不管性质如何，它们都需要有一个词来“引导”，正如人们给引导状语从句的词语取了个名字叫从属连词一样，人们也给引导定语从句的词语取了个名字，叫它关系词，因为它通常被放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用，以表明两者之间的修饰关系，同时它还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。二、定语从句中关系词与所修饰先行词的关系 为了更好地理解定语从句，我们还有必要研究一下关系词与先行词之间的关系。但在研究这种关系之前，我们先来看看关系词有哪些。根据关系词在定语从句中的作用，我们可以将关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。所谓关系代词就是指起代词作用的关系词，它们在引导定语从句的同时，还在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、宾语等，英语中比较常用的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等。类似地，关系副词就是指起副词作用的关系词，它们在引导定语从句的同时，还在定语从句中充当状语等，英语中比较常用的关系副词只有三个，即when, where和why。许多初学定语从句的人弄不清关系词与先行词之间到底是什么关系。其实啊，关系词与先行词之间的关系很简单，简单得可以划一个等号。因为，关系词的含义在本质上等价于先行词，它与先行词指的就是同一个人或同一个事物。为便于理解，下面我们来看几个例子吧。I know the man who lives next door. 我认识住在隔壁的那个人。这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。句中的the man为先行词，who lives next door为修饰the man的定语从句；在定语从句中，who是关系词，它在定语从句中用作主语，从意义上说，它在
初中英语定语从句知识点总结
初中英语定语从句知识点总结 要学定语从句，得知道什么是定语。定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的。例如，a good book, good就是定语。那么复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句就叫做定语从句。定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，相当于形容词，在句中作定语。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等，绝对没有what;关系副词有where, when, why,how 等。关系词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的某个成分。 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、由who, whom, that，Whose引导的从句 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who作主语指人，whom 作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略)，可以指人也可以指物。Whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。 (1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语) (2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语) (3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师 (4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。
高考英语定语从句难点总结归纳
高考英语定语从句陷阱题总结归纳 ◆典型陷阱题分析◆ 1.The factory was built in a secret place,around______high mountains. A.which was B.it was C.which were D.them were 【陷阱】容易误选A或B,将A、B中的which和it误认为是其后句子的主语。【分析】最佳答案是C,around which were high mountains是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句,而在该从句中,主语是high mountains,around which是表语,所以句子谓语应用复数were,而不是用单数was.请做以下类例题目(答案均为C: (1Yesterday we visited a modern hospital,around_______some fruit shops. A.which is B.it is C.which are D.them are (2The murder happened in an old building,beside______the city police station. A.which are B.it is C.which is D.them are (3Next month we’ll move to a new building,next to_______a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food. A.which are B.it is C.which is D.them are 2.A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked,“Is there a hospital around______I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” A.that B.which C.where D.what 【陷阱】容易误选B,认为around是介词,选which用以代替前面的名词hospital,在此用作介词around的宾语。 【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错,但问题是,照此分析,此句的意思即为:有没有这样一个医院,我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤?这样的语境显然有点不合情理,因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤,而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选C的理由是:句中的around不是介词,而是副词,意为“在附近”;其后的where引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital,句意为:附近有没有一家医院,我可以去治我的手伤? 3._____is known to everybody,the moon travels round the earth once every month. A.It
定语从句讲解总结
定语从句讲解总结 Prepared on 24 November 2020
定语从句讲解 一．定语从句 1.注意英汉差异：汉语的定语无论多长都放在被修饰词的前面，而英语中的定语则不然，是一个词时，放在被修饰词的前面， 如：①.a beautiful girl ②.a lovely boy 是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面， 如：③.She is the girl in red. 她就是穿红衣的女孩。 ④.The lady carried a bag full of money. 那位女士背了个装满钱的包。 ⑤.He is the man who you are looking for. 她就是你在找的人。 2.分清主句与从句，看究竟哪个句子缺少成分。 如上面第5：主句：He is the man 从句：who you are looking for 在从句中，looking for 的宾语是the man.因此选用关系代词 who(whom)放置于句首，便是定语从句。 3.从句中做宾语的关系代词可以省略，故第5题可以写成： He is the man you are looking for. 二．定语从句（从句部分） 1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语 2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后 Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please. 3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词 （1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词， 如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。 数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。 （2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点： ①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。 This is the place which is worth visiting. ②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。 There are many places we can visit（them）in China. 4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词 关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose, as。 关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系副词。 5、确定关系词的步骤 （1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。 （2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。 一．关系代词which的用法 1.English is a language.
高中英语的定语从句归纳与总结
定语从句 概念：定语从句，一个简单句跟在一个名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它通常只能放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。定语从句由关系词（关系代词、关系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。 结构：先行词+关系词+从句 关系词： 关系词的类型：关系代词：who,whom,which,that,在从句中可作主语或宾语，whose,在从句中作定语 关系副词：why,where,when,其中why=for which，where=in/at/on which， when=during/on/in which,在从句中做状语 关系词的作用：1.连接作用，连接主句和定语从句 2.指代前面的先行词 3.在定语从句中担任成分 关系词的选择:1.看先行词（被定语从句修饰的词）先行词是“物”可能用which，that，whose,where，when，why等,先行词是“人”可能用who，whom，that， whose等 2.看关系词在定语从句中所担任的句子成分①先行词是人且关系词在从句 中作主语，用who/that②先行词是人且关系词在从句中作宾语，用 whom/that③先行词是物且关系词在定语从句中作主语，用that,which. ④先行词是物且关系词在从句中作宾语，用that,which，也可以省略 记住：关系代词作宾语或表语是可以省略的，作主语是不能省略的，因为主 语后直接是动词，省略的话就出现先行词直接接从句动词的语法错误。举例： Is there anything that you want to say? 中的that就可以省略。而He is the headmaster of this school who also teaches Chemistry. 中的who就不能省 略。⑤先行词是“人”或“物”，关系词在从句中作定语表所属关系，用 whose引导定语从句.注意：表示所属关系不仅仅是人,这个就叫做所属关系， 因此所属关系除了whose以外就有两个，对人是of whom,对物是of which. ⑥先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，则用关系副词引导定语从句。注意： 如果从句中的谓语动词是及物动词且后面无宾语，那么，即使先行词是表时 间、地点或理由的名词，也不能用关系副词（when，why，where），而要用 可作宾语的关系代词that或which，要考试的同学们千万千万要记住哦！ 3.必须用that引导的情况①先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等②先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰③先行词被 all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰④先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时⑤先行词既有人又有物时⑥当句中已有who时， 为避免重复用that 限定与非限定定语从句 定语从句可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句 限定性定语从句： 例：I like the book which he bought yesterday.(我喜欢他昨天买的书) 非限定性定语从句：
定语从句超详细讲解与练习
定语从句 定语从句的构成： 两个简单句： A man is standing there. The man is my brother. = is my brother. 先行词：行，走路的意思。先行词就是放在从句前面的词，但是本身为定语从句中的一部分。所以先行词 在从句中作什么成分从句中就用什么样的引导词。 关系词：代替先行词承担从句中的句子成分，放在句首引导从句，所以也叫引导词。 1.关系代词：在从句里代替先行词充当__________、__________、__________ 关系词的种类： 2.关系副词：在从句里代替先行词充当___________ 关系词的作用：① 代替前面的先行词在从句中充当一定的成分 ② 把两个句子连起来 一、关系代词： 注意：⑴、当先行词在从句中作宾语的时候可以省略引导词 把下列两个简单句合成一个主从复合句 1.He wants to see the man. + The man is in Shanghai. ①________________________________________________________________ ②________________________________________________________________ 2.I have a sister. + She works in Hebei. ①________________________________________________________________ ②________________________________________________________________
英语六大从句用法总结
英语中六大从句用法总结 从句是指用于复合句中担当某个句子成分的主谓结构。虽说从句自身的句子结构是完整的，但是它不能视为独立的句子，因为它离开了主语就无法独立、完整地表达意思。按其所能表达的意义而言,它相当于一个词或是一个词组. 按从句的句子功能划分（也就是按从句在句子中所担任的成分来划分），从句可分为：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句。 1.主语从句 1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有： *It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that... *It seems\appears\happened\has turned out that... *It is clear\important\likely\possible that... *It is said\reported\estimated\has been proved that... It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation. It seems that the performance is very useful. 2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语。 What we lack is experience. 3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。 How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again. I did know why I felt like crying. 2.宾语从句 1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。 *I promised that I would change the situation. *All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship. *He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children. *This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long. 2)宾语从句后如有宾补，要用形式宾语it来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。 He has made it clear that he would not change his mind. 3)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中，如果谓语是否定的，一般将否定词移至主句谓语上，宾语从句则变成肯定形式。 He didn't think that the money was well spent. 3.表语从句 表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外，还可由because,as if(though)等引导。that常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because.