商务英语名词解释

Annual Report

An annual report is a report presented each year by the directors to the members and shareholders of a company, giving information about the company’s trading activities and including certain documents which must be produced by law, namely the balance sheet, the profit and loss account, and the auditors’and directors’reports

Tariff barriers

are trade barriers that restrict imports but are not in the usual form of a tariff. Some common examples of NTB's are anti-dumping measures and countervailing duties, which, although they are called "non-tariff" barriers, have the effect of tariffs once they are enacted.

Non-tariff barriers to trade (NTBs)

Anti-dumping :

The anti-dumping duty is the provisional additional duty levied by the importing countries on the imported products which are

identified as exporting dumping and bring about damage to the relevant domestic industries in order to boycott the dumping of the exporting countries and protect the domestic industries. Dumping

is defined as the act of a manufacturer in one country exporting a product to another country at a price which is either below the price it charges in its home market or if it can be proven that there has been a substantial increase of a specific good. Countervailing duties (CVDs)

also known as anti-subsidy duties, are trade import duties imposed under WTO Rules to neutralize the negative effects of subsidies. They are imposed after an investigation finds that a foreign country subsidizes its exports, injuring domestic producers in the importing country.

An inquiry

is usually made by an importer to an exporter, asking for price lists, catalogs, samples, detailed specifications about the goods, and trade terms.

General inquiries

For price lists or catalogs

Specific inquiries

Quotations for certain articles, price terms, packing conditions,

time of shipment, mode of payment, insurance

CIF (cost, insurance and fright)

FOB (Free On Board)

FAS (Free Alongside Ship):

A trade term requiring the seller to deliver goods to a named port alongside a vessel designated by the buyer.

Firm offer

is clear, complete, and final, which cannot be withdrawn once it is accepted by the buyer.

Nonfirm offer

is not binding upon the seller and the details of the offer may change in certain situations. It is subject to confirmation by the seller after being accepted by the buyer.

商务英语测试题

暑期学习阶段测试三（基础知识与商务英语衔接卷）（总分：100分）得分：一、词汇（20）（1）按要求写词语 low（反义词）----- full（反义词）---- beautiful（比较级）------- fat（最高级）----- 304（英文）------ in the 1290s（中文）----- 第二十九（英文）------ 第五（英文）---- one to one（用数字表时间）----- Three quarters past twelve （用数字表时间）------ 10:11（英文表示时间）----- 在七月一日（英文）----- ten point 0 two（小数）----- a quarter（分数）------ (2)翻译下列短语或词语 take a message ----- place an order---- Russia ----- New Zealand------ Peru---- M oscow---- 二句子应用（2’*10=20）中译英 1.这不是我的行李，是她的。

2.我会尽快让他知道这个消息。 3.弹钢琴对我来说是很容易的。（It's +adj. for sb. to do sth.） 4.越快越好。 5. 你知道他什么时候回来吗？英译中 6.Do I need a reservation for the dining car? 7. Which would you prefer, a smoking seat or a non-smoking seat? 8. May I see a timetable? 9 Could you tell me my reservation number, please? 10 Will this flight leave on time? 三英语应用及常识题（30’）中英互译1 Water boils at one hundred degrees centigrade．

商务英语名词解释

Hostile takeover An acquisition of a firm despite resistance by the target firm's management and board of directors. Total quality control A philosophy and set of guiding concepts that provides a comprehensive means of improving total organization performance and quality by examining each process through which work is done in a systematic, integrated, consistent, organization-wide manner. Abbreviated TQM. Motivation theory/need hierarchy theory Psychological discipline that attempts to describe why people or animals behave as they do solely in terms of internal needs that drive behavior, rather than attributing any influence to external stimuli. theory X and theory Y assumption T h e o r y X With Theory X assumptions, management's role is to coerce and control employees. o People have an inherent dislike for work and will avoid it whenever possible. o People must be coerced, controlled, directed, or threatened with punishment in order to get them to achieve the organizational objectives. o People prefer to be directed, do not want responsibility, and have little or no ambition. o People seek security above all else. T h e o r y Y With Theory Y assumptions, management's role is to develop the potential in employees and help them to release that potential towards common goals. o Work is as natural as play and rest. o People will exercise self-direction if they are committed to the objectives (they are NOT lazy). o Commitment to objectives is a function of the rewards associated with their achievement. o People learn to accept and seek responsibility. o Creativity, ingenuity, and imagination are widely distributed among the population. People are capable of using these abilities to solve an organizational problem. o People have potential.

商务英语专有名词翻译

商务英语名词翻译 Unit 1 CICSC United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, 是《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》的简称。 trade terms 交易条款 sales contract 销售合同 price list 价格单 reference price 参考价 name of commodity 品名；商品名称 quantity 数量 withdrawal of offer 撤回发盘 revocation of offer 撤销发盘 termination of offer 终止发盘 inquiry 询盘 offer 发盘；报盘；实盘 offeror 发盘人 offeree 受盘人 firm offer 实盘 non-offer 虚盘 indefinite offer 虚盘 counter-offer 还盘 accept 承诺 contract 合同（契约） termination of a contract 合同的终止 suspension of a contract 合同的中止 Unit 2 claim damages 损害索赔 claim clause 索赔条款 compensation 补偿 the party in the breach 违约方 difference 差额 interest 利息 bona fide party 当事人 Unit 3 WTO World Trade Organization, 世界贸易组织 the Final Act 指乌拉圭回合多边谈判的最终议案 Uruguay Round 乌拉圭回合 accountable 负责的，需要解释的 ground-rule 基本准则 decision-making body 决策机构 the General Council 总理事会 the Dispute Settlement Body 争端协调机构

商务英语专有名词解释

Деловой перевод. Forms of ownership: –Sole Proprietorship—a business owned and operated by a single individual. –Partnership---- партнёрство— a business owned by two or more people. –Limited Company—a company where ownership is represented by company＇s shares. 1. Board of directors---.Cовет директоров —the officials elected by shareholders who rule the company 2. Current liabilities—the money that a company during which certain goods are produced. 3. Dividends—company profits paid to shareholders. 4. Entrepreneur-- Предприниматель—person who sets up a new commercial enterprise to make a profit. 5. Indebtedness -- задолженность– amount of debts 6. Initial funds --funds used in starting a business. 7. Liabilities -- Обязательства– the amount of debt that must be paid. 8. Shareholders-- акционер–those who own shares of a company＇s stock. 9. Accounting –бухгалтерия---- the action or process of keeping financial accounts. Is a system of gathering , summarizing and communicating financial information for a business firm, government or other organizations. 10. Balance sheet –Балансовый отчёт - is a statement which describes the companies resources and indicates where these resources have come from.

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期末商务英语试题库 I 判断题 1.First impression is very important since you never get a second chance to make a first impression. Hair should be well maintained. Unshaved look does not work for others. Ties should be correctly tied. Pants should not drag on the floor. Shoes should be polished and in good condition. T 2.Basically when you see someone whose name you can't remember, just wait him or her to give their names first and then respond in kind. T 3.With the American style, you hold the fork in your right hand and the knife in your left hand to cut your meat or vegetables. F 4.There is a formal toast that the host offers at the beginning of the meal to welcome his guests. The other is more informal and comes near the end of the meal, usually during dessert. Champagne will be served. After each toast, everyone raises a glass and takes a sip of champagne. T 5.Whether you are on the phone or have someone in your cubicle, speak softly. You need to ask permission before entering someone's cubicle. T 6.When you select the suit, the shade of gray is professional looking. Blacks and browns are good choices for a business suit. T 7.If you had waited to get on the elevator, you would have been near the front and push your way through the crowd to exit. F 8.American guys do give each other a light kiss on the cheek. It's considered friendly and is not sexual in any way. T 9.In the West, discussing salary amounts or how much you paid for something is an acceptable conversation topic. F 10.It is always good to imitate the way the highest level executives dress. We Americans have a saying about business attire: "Dress for the job you want, not the job you have." T 11.Social introduction rule is that a woman is always introduced to a man. F 12.Business rule is that people of less authority are introduced to people of great authority. T 13.Clients and officials are always more important than people in your company. T 14.Punctuality is less important in American business. F 15.In business greetings, if you are unable to shake hands because of illness or injury, you are expected to apologize and explain immediately. T 16.With American table manners, you hold the folk in your right hand and the knife in your left hand. F 17.When you have finished eating, and to let others know that you have, place your

商务英语翻译技巧

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商务英语入门试题1

一、单项选择题 1. Those planes are for charter. A. available B. useful C. handful D. helpful 2. You must pay fare, because there is no discounts for this flight. A. complete B. all C. enough D. full 3. Is there any flight that leaves on Sunday? A. toward B. unchanged C. direct D. straight 4. The observation group traveled from South Africa to Oxford eight other African countries. A. with B. via C. by D. through 5. The baggage allowance for is kg. A. a minor traveling unaccompanied (20) B. an infant tra veling with his parents (10) C. an adult flying C class (40) D. an adult traveling economy with discount fare (20) 6. All applicable flight restrictions conditions must be coded in the ticket box. A. endorsement B. fare C. name D. address 7. Could you please me through San Francisco though I can’t set off tomorrow? A. route B. reroute C .arrange D. send 8. The ticket indicates Air China as your carrier form San Francisco to Shanghai. A. pointed B. recognized C. designated D. thought 9. Chairman Hu Jingtao’s in United States is Obama. A. position B. role C. same D. counterpart 10. We'll you the full cost of your trip, if you are not satisfied with our service. A. refund B. repay C. give back D. send back 11. Generally speaking, the excess baggage is charged at . A. per kg. 1% of the OW, normal, direct adult F class through fare B. 1% of the economy class OW fare per kg. C. 1.5% of the one-way normal, direct adult F class fare per kg. D. per kg. 1.5% of the return normal, direct adult Y class fare 12. A baby is defined by most airlines as a child A. who should be accompanied by parents B. whose age is limited by airlines C. who has not yet had a second birthday D. who is not entitled to a seat 13. Baby service is available on most airlines but should be arranged A. during the check in B. when the seats are confirmed C. before boarding D. as soon as passengers board the flight

BEC商务英语翻译技巧

BEC商务英语翻译技巧为了让大家更好的准备商务英语BEC考试，给大家整理商务英语翻译技巧,下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。商务英语翻译技巧商务英语的文体特征 1. 思维具有逻辑性，朴实无华正式体英语的从句层次复杂，句子长度通常高于非正式英语。长句分词、独立主格结构的频繁使用是书面语体的典型特征，它们适合于表达多层次的复杂的逻辑关系，可以充分完整地表达相互关联的意义，这种效果是短句无法达到的。由于商务函电常要表示某些条款相互成立、互为条件，或对某些一连串的具有因果关系的事件进行叙述，因此，这种语体就非常适合这种要求。例如：The work hereof shall be commenced in compliance with the construction work of Party A’s plant, and shall be completed within thirty days after the complete ion o f Party A’s plant including the completion of inner part of the plant when the plant be in the condition that trial run for air conditioning mechanism is possible.

这是某英文合同文体中的一个句子。这个诗歌并列句，句中主语是work，and连接两个谓语(shall be commenced和shall be completed)。 2.表述简单清楚商务英语是商务活动的工具，通过阅读文献可以发现：商务英语常用简洁、易懂、规范、正式的词。这一特点是由国际商务交际的性质决定的，因为国际商务交际非常讲究效益、效率，使用常用的词语便于交易双方的理解和接受;修饰语少，内容上直截了当。偏僻的词汇可能会增加双方沟通障碍，因而不受欢迎。商务英语的词汇选择讲究精炼、严谨，很少使用口语化的、非正式的、生僻、不规范的词或行话。了解口语词语和书卷词语在文体风格上的差异有助于实现语言交际的适合性和得体性 3. 模糊性的句法，善用祈使句商务英语要求准确完整、清楚简洁，但模糊语言的适当使用，能起到积极的效果。语言的模糊性不仅仅体现在词义层面，还应是具体商务活动中句法所表达意义的模糊性。

商务英语名词解释

Acceptance承兑P119 An acceptance credit call for drafts to be drawn at a tenor for acceptance by the issuing bank or any drawee nawed in the credit.汇票承兑信用证要求汇票按规定在一定期限内由开证行或者其他在信用证上签名的收款人来检验。 a letter of credit信用证P116 A banker’s document letter of credit is a credit instrument.A common means of payment in international trade.一种在国际贸易中常见的支付手段。Containing a writer undertaking in the part of the issuing bank to pay a certain amount to a third party against the surrender of stipulated documents. collection托收P133 entrust banks as intermediaries to collect the money for the goods 委托银行作中间人收取款项 Bill票据 a statement of money owed for goods or services; demand payment tax 税收P197 charge against a citizen's person or property or activity for the support of government; levy a tax on hedge套期保值P144 capture slight differences in price; foreign exchange markets perform four major functions:tranfer of payments;provision of credits;payment at a distance;allowing hedging against exchange risk.外汇市场主要从事四种功能：转移支付；提供信贷；异地支付；提供外汇风险防范。 arbitrage套汇P139 buy at the lower price and sells at the higher price; Is the use of discrepancies in currency exchange rates to transform one unit of a currency into more than one unit of the same currency.利用不同的外汇市场各种货币在同一时刻的汇率和汇率上的差异，同时买进和卖出有关货币的现汇和期汇，以赚取汇率或利率上的差价收益的交易。 option期权P144 the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price; the right is purchased and if it is not exercised by a stated date the money is forfeited在外汇交易中，以契约形式规定的在某一特定日期或在未来某一日期，按规定的价格买（看涨期权）或卖（看跌期权）特定数量的基础票据权利。 future期货 A currency future,also FX future or foreign exchange future.is a futures contract to exchange one currency for another at specified date in the future at a price(exchange rate 买卖双方约定于未来某一特定日期，以约定价格买卖的约定数量的商品。 foreign exchange汇率,外汇 price by one currency for other currency; means the system utilized in financing international payments.一个用于支付国际金融付款的系统。

商务英语试题十九.doc

Unit 17 Problems, problems 17.1Dealing with problems (1)\ Listening and speaking Listen to someone talking about office problems. Offer to help by phoning the correct department. Use the words in the box to help you like this: VOICE 1: We need some more envelopes, (beep) YOU: m phone the Purchasing department VOICE 2: m phone the Purchasing department* (repeat) Accounts Service Purchasing Marketing (2)Grammar Underline the correct future form in italics. A: Hello. David Watkins speaking. B: Oh, rm trying /Tll try (1) to reach Ms North. A: She's in a meeting. Could I help? B: I want to place a large order and I'd like to discuss discount and delivery terms. Could I arrange a meeting with her for next week? A: Of course. Vm checking / Til check (2) her diary. When would you like to see her? B: Is next Tuesday at 3 OK? A: She's going /She'll go (3) to the new factory that afternoon. How about Wednesday at 10? B: That's fine. Wednesday at 10. A: Could I have your name please? B: Yes, it's Jenkins. Sandra Jenkins. A: Fine, I'm sending /Til send (4) you a letter to confirm the meeting. B: By the way, could you send me a copy of your catalogue? A: Yes, of course. I'm sending /Til send (5) you a copy today. B: I'd also like information about prices. A: OK. I'm enclosing /Tll enclose (6) a copy of our price list. B: Thanks very much. 1 look forward to seeing Ms North next week. Goodbye. A: Goodbye. (3)Writing What will you do? Write the offer you would make in each of these situations. 1BOSS: I'm going away next week and I need a plane ticket. YOU: I'll【)h(me the travel age/iL 2COLLEAGUE: I've got a lot of filing to do. YOU: ______________________________________ 3BOSS: I need a table at the restaurant for Thursday night next week. YOU: ______________________________________ 4CLIENT: rd like to make an appointment to discuss my account. YOU: ______________________________________ 5FRIEND: I'm not feeling very well, and I can't get out to go shopping. YOU:

商务英语名词解释

1. BUdget—预算an accoUnt Of PrObabIe future inCOme and expenditure during a stated, period, usu. a year USed as a guide in making finan cial arran geme nts. 2. RetUrn —回扌报the gai n from an in VeStme nt, either as in come or yield or as PrOfit on the sale of the inv estme nt. 3. Portfolio —证券投资组合the entire collection of inVeStments in the form of stocks, bon ds, or CertifiCate of deposits for PUrPOSeS other tha n con trolli ng 4. Royalty —专利税money Paid to the owner of a COPyright for PermiSSion to PUbIiSh COPyright material and to the owner of a Pate nt for PermiSSi on to USe a Pate nted desig n, usu. at a greed PerCe ntage of the selli ng PriCe of the product. 5. Patent —专利权a SPeCiaI right to an inven tor to be the on Iy PerS on to make and sell, or to authorize OtherS to make and sell a n ewly-i nven ted machi ne or process. 6. Non-tariff barrier —非贸易壁垒all forms of man-made ObStrUCtions to intern atio nal trade other tha n tariffs ,in cludi ng PrOhibiti OnSand quotas, etc. 7. FranChiSe —经销权an arran geme nt by WhiCh a mono poly PrOdUCer or owner gives ano ther PermiSSi on for the exclusive right to manu facture or sell the PrOdUCtS in a Certa in area. 8. Purchasing power—购买力of PerSons, the public, having the money to buy goods and services. 9. PPP —购买力平价PUrChaSing power Parity 10. tariff —关税tax IeVied by the CUStOmS 11. barriers to trade —贸易壁垒any action by a government to limit or PreVent the free flow of goods in and out of its coun try. 12. primary commodities —初级产品those commodities not processed, or only SIightIy processed, usually farm PrOdUCe or raw materials 13. drawback —退税duties Paid on imported goods that are refunded When re-exported 14. specific duties—从量税duties IeVied on the basis of quantity, weight, SiZe etc. of the goods 15. ad valorem duties—从价税duties IeVied on the basis of the PriCe of the goods 16. carriage —运费the PriCe or cost of tranSPOrtatiOn 17. voluntary offer —主动发盘an Ofer made On the initiative of the Oferer

商务英语试题

全国2009年10月自学考试国际贸易实务（一）试题一、单项选择题(本大题共24小题，每小题1分，共24分) 在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。 1.《2000年通则》将国际贸易中使用的贸易术语归纳为( ) A.11条 B.12条 C.13条 D.15条 2.在采用FOB交货时，买卖双方风险的转移是在( ) A.工厂 B.码头 C.装运港船舷 D.装运船上 3.采用CFR变形（CFR Landed）成交时，卸货费由( ) A.买方承担 B.卖方承担 C.船方承担 D.买卖双方共同承担 4.采用DAF贸易术语成交时，出口报关的责任、费用由( ) A.买方承担 B.卖方承担 C.共同承担 D.不一定 5.卖方想要承担最低的合同义务时，最好采用( ) A.EXW 术语 B.FCA 术语 C.CIF 术语 D.DES 术语 6.商品按照包装质地的不同，可以分为( ) A.软性包装、半硬性包装和硬性包装 B.全部包装和局部包装 C.运输包装和销售包装 D.纸制、金属、木制、塑料和玻璃制品包装等 7.在班轮运费的基本运费计收标准中，若按货物的毛重计收，则在运价表内( ) A.用字母“W”表示 B.用字母“M”表示 C.用字母“AV”表示 D.用字母“W/M”表示 8.速遣费是指负责装卸货物的一方，在约定的装卸时间内提前完成装卸任务，则可以( ) A.从买方取得奖金 B.从卖方取得奖金 C.从船方取得奖金 D.从保险公司取得奖金 9.提单按收货人的抬头进行分类，可以分为( ) A.记名提单、不记名提单与指示提单 B.清洁提单与不清洁提单 C.直达提单、转船提单与联运提单 D.已装船提单和备运提单 10.全损可以分为实际全损与( ) A.推定全损 B.共同海损 C.理论全损 D.表面全损 11.中国某企业出口纺织品，其出口总成本为520000元人民币，出口后外汇净收入为86000美元，假如外汇牌价为100美元折合人民币690元，则该企业的出口盈亏率为( ) A.12.3％ B.14.1％ C.15.8％ D.19.6％ 12.汇票的使用中，受票人又称( ) A.出票人 B.付款人 C.受款人 D.签票人 13.由一人向另一个人签发的，保证于见票时或定期或在可以确定的将来时间，对某人或其指定人或持票人支付一定金额的无条件的书面承诺是( ) A.本票 B.支票 C.汇票 D.现金支票 14.受益人要求原证的通知行或其他银行以原证为基础，另开一张内容相识的新信用证称为( ) A.循环信用证 B.保兑信用证 C.对开信用证 D.转开信用证 15.磋商交易的接受环节，关于接受生效的时间各国法律有不同的规定，其中英美法采用的是( ) A.“投邮生效”原则 B.“到达生效”原则 C.“合同生效”原则 D.“发盘生效”原则 16.在信用证项下的制单结汇中，议付行要求“单、证表面严格相符”，但假如在单、证不符情况下，议付行先向国外开证行拍发电报或电传，列明单、证不符点，待开证行复电同意后再将单据寄出的做法称为( ) A.“表提” B.“电提” C.“跟单托收” D.“凭保议付” 17.纵观各国法律，下列哪项不是．．违约的基本救济方法？( ) A.实际履行 B.损害赔偿 C.暂停合同 D.解除合同 18.供货商可在同一时间、同一地区内，委派几家商号经销同类商品的做法称为( ) A.包销 B.定销 C.区域经销 D.阶段经销 19.寄售人与代销人之间是( )