广东省广州市2019届高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷(有答案)

2019年广州市普通高中业班综合测试（二）

英语

2019.4 本试卷10页,满分120分，考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：

1.本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和和第卷(非选择题)两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。用2B铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号信息点，修改时须用橡皮擦干净。因笔试不考听力，第I卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始,试题题序号从“21”开始。

2.作答第I卷时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。

3.第卷必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液不按以上要求作答无效。

4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并并交回。

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题:每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

The country is India. A large dinner party is being given in an up-country station by acolonial official and his wife. The guests are army and government officers and their wives, and anAmerican naturalist.

At one side of the long table, a spirited discussion springs up between a young girl and an armyofficer. The girl insists women have long outgrown the jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouseera, and that they are not as anxious as their grandmothers were. The officer says they are,arguing women haven't the actual nerve control of men.

“A woman's reaction in any crisis," the officer says,“is to scream. And while a man mayfeel like it, he has that ounce more of control than a woman has."

The American scientist does not join in the argument but sits and watches the faces of theother guests. As he stares, he sees a slight, though strange look of anxiety come over the face of thehostess. With a small gesture she summons the servant standing behind her chair. She whispers tohim. The servant's eyes widen. He turns quickly and leaves the room. No one else sees this, nor theservant when he puts a bowl of milk on the balcony outside the glass doors.

The American understands. In India, milk in a bowl means only one thing. It is bait fora snake. He realizes there is a cobra in the room. The American's eyes move across the roombut he sees nothing. He realizes the snake can only be in one place - under the table.

His first reaction is to jump back and warn the others. But he knows any sudden movementwill frighten the cobra and it will strike. He speaks quickly, the quality of his voice so arrestingthat it quietens everyone.“I want to know just what control everyone at this table has. I will countthree hundred - that's five minutes - and not one of you is to move a single muscle. Now! Ready!"

The 20 people sit like stone images while he counts. He is saying ..o.. hundred and eighty.."when, out of the corner of his eye, he sees the snake emerge and make for the bowl of milk. Four orfive screams ring out as he jumps to slam shut the balcony doors.

“There is your proof!" the host says.“A man has just shown us real control."

“Just a minute," the American says, turning to his hostess,“How did you know that cobrawas in the room?"

A faint smile comes across the woman's face as she replies. “Because it was lying across myfoot.""

21.What is the argument between the army officer and the young girl about?

A. Whether women are afraid of mice.

B. Whether men are calmer than women.

C. Whether men are cleverer than women.

D. Whether women would make suitable soldiers.

22. Why is the servant asked to put out some milk?

A. To play a trick.

B. To serve the guests.

C. To attract the snake .

D. To feed the hostess's pet.

23. Why does the scientist suggest the guests play a game?

A. He doesn't want anyone to panic.

B. He intends to test the officer's theory.

C. He sees there was a snake in the room.

D. He wants to entertain the other guests.

24. What does the author imply through the hostess's final statement?

A. The army officer's opinion is wrong.

B. The hostess understood the American's intention.

C. The American was surprised by the snake's presence.

D. The hostess has had previous experience dealing with snakes.

B

25. What caused musicals to move in a new direction during the 1930's?

A. The development of new musical instruments.

B. The audience s demand for more realistic art forms.

C. The rising popularity of other types of entertainment.

D. The greater acceptance of black performers by white audiences.

26. In which period did musical theatre become more complex and dramatic?

A. Pre - 1900.

B. 1900- 1929.

C.1940- 1949.

D.1950- 1959.

27. What can be reasonably inferred about the musical West Side Story?

A. It told its story in a new way.

B. It was based on a true story.

C. It was a non-Broadway show.

D. It was not very successful at first.

C

In 1874 Francis Galton, a British professor, analysed a sample of English scientists and foundthe vast majority to be first-born sons. This led him to theorise that first-born children enjoyed aspecial level of attention from their parents that allowed them to advance intellctually. Half acentury later Alfred Adler, an Austrian psychologist, made a similar argument relating to personality.First-born children, he suggested, were more diligent, while the later-born were more outgoing andemotionally stable. Many subsequent studies have explored these ideas, but their findings have beenvaried - some supporting and some rejecting the original conclusions.

The main problem with the previous studies is that they were too small - often limited to afew dozen individuals. This would be true even if the statistical methods

needed to analyse the datawere simple, but they are not. Distinguishing birth-order effects from those caused by family sizecomplicates matters, meaning still bigger samples must be analysed to obtain meaningful results.

To overcome the limitation of these earlier studies, German social scientist Dr. HelmetSchmukle and his colleagues analysed three huge sets of data from America, Britain and Germany.These data sets, though collected for other purposes, included personality and intelligence tests on20, 186 people at different stages of their lives. The American tests were on individuals aged between29 and 35. The British tests were conducted on 50-year-olds. The German tests ran the whole span ofadult life, from 18 to 98.

Birth order, they found, had no effect on personality: first-borns were no more, nor less,likely than their younger siblings to be hardworking, outgoing or anxious. But it did affectintelligence. In a family with two children, the first child was more intelligent than the second60% of the time, rather than the 50% that would be expected by chance. On average, thistranslated to a difference of 1.5 IQ points between first and second siblings. That figure agreeswith previous studies, and thus looks confirmed.

It is, nevertheless, quite a small difference - and whether it is enough to account for Galton'soriginal observation is unclear. In any event, it is certainly not deterministic. Galton was theyoungest of nine.

28. Alfred Adler concluded that first-born children were.

A. more stable

B. more sociable

C. more intelligent

D. more hardworking

29. What does the un derlined“they" in paragraph 2 refer to?

A. The data.

B. The analyses.

C. The previous studies.

D. The statistical methods.

30. Why was Schmukle's study considered superior to previous research?

A. It involved a wider age range.

B. It had a much larger sample size.

C. It included a larger number of countries.

D. It was conducted over a longer period of time.

31. Why does the author mention Galton's family background in the last paragraph?

A. To confirm Galton's difficult upbringing.

B. To suggest Galton's theory may not be correct.

C. To compare his experience with Galton's parents.

D. To explain why Galton was interested in birth order.

D

Photography has opened our eyes to a multitude of beauties, things we literally could nothave seen before the invention of the frozen image. It has greatly expanded our notion of whatis beautiful, what is aesthetically(审美上) pleasing. Items formerly considered trivial, and notworth an artist's paint, have been revealed and honored by the photograph: things as ordinary as afence post, a chair, a vegetable. And as technology has developed, photographers have exploredcompletely new points of view: those of the microscope, the eagle, the cosmos.

What is it that delights the human eye and allows us to claim that a photograph is beautiful?Photography depends on the trinity of light, composition, and moment. Light literally makes therecording of an image possible, but in the right hands, light in a photograph can make the image soar. The same is true with composition. What the photographer chooses to keep in or out of theframe is all that we will ever see - but that combination is vital. And the moment that the shutter ispressed, when an instant is frozen in time, provides the whole image with meaning. When thethree - light, composition, and moment - are in balance, there is visual magic.

Light, composition, and moment come together in a photograph to bring us the ultimatereality: a view of the world unknown prior to the invention of the camera. Before photography, thebasic artistic rules of painting were rarely broken. Images were made to please, not to capturereality. But as photography evolved, painterly rules were often reacted in the pursuit of fresh vision.Photographers became interested in the real world, good and bad, and it was the accidental detail thatwas celebrated. Photography invited the world to see with new eyes - to see photographically - andall of the arts have drawn new inspiration from this change.

With these basic aesthetic tools, photographers have evolved from scientists longing to“fix"an image - any image - to artistic revolutionaries. Photographs have created a new way of seeing,changed our ideas of beauty and, most importantly, made art more democratic. They have given us

visual proof that the world is grander than we imagined, and that there is beauty, often overlooked,

in nearly everything.

32. Before the invention of photography, which of the following was least likely to appear in an

artistic work?

A. A great person.

B. A lovely insect.

C. A grand building.

D. A beautiful landscape.

33. What is the function of paragraph 2?

A. To argue that photographic beauty is subjective.

B. To explain the evolution of the concept of beauty.

C. To describe the elements that make a successful photo.

D. To illustrate different types of photographic techniques.

34. How has photography affected other art forms?

A. It has reduced their popularity.

B. It has forced them to change their rules.

C. It has changed their methods of composition.

D. It has provided them with new points of view.

35. What does the author mean by saying photography has“made art more democratic" ?

A. It has expanded the concept of artistic beauty.

B. It has challenged the status of traditional art forms.

C. It has enabled the development of new artistic tools.

D. It has allowed more people to take part in creative activities.

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

What is culture?

Culture is too complex to define in simple terms.___ 36__ One is that culture is a total patternof behaviour that is consistent in its components. Another fundamental is that culture is learnedbehaviour. The third is that culture is behaviour that is shared by a group of people.

To understand the culture of a particular country or region, one could examine its components,among which are material culture, language, and social organisation. Material culture includes thetools and symbols in a society, not including those physical things found in nature, unless they haveundergone some change or have been given meaning by people.___ 37__The way we consumeand what we consume are heavily influenced by material culture.

__38____ Linked with all other aspects of culture, it reflects the nature and values of thatculture. Industrialised societies have a rich vocabulary for commercial and industrial activities, whileless industrialised societies may have richer vocabularies for matters important to their societies. TheEskimos in Alaska have many words to describe snow whereas English has only one general term.

Social organisation differs somewhat from society to society. The primary kind of

communityassociation is based on blood ties.___ 39__. It provides mutual protection, psychological support,and a kind of economic insurance or social security for its members. The term "brothers" in Zaireincludes those whom we call cousins and uncles.

Cultural analysis serves a variety of purposes. Understanding the various dimensions and their

inter- relatedness helps promote cross-cultural awareness.___ 40__

A. Some scholars even suggest that it is useless to try.

B. Language is the most obvious difference between cultures.

C. However, there are certain agreed- on fundamentals that can be easily identified.

D. The values represented within a culture can also change with the passing of time.

E. For example, a mouse running on a street is not part of a culture, but the Mickey Mouse is.

F. In many developing countries, the extended family fulfills several social and economic roles.

G. It leads on to the promotion of goodwill, social and economic planning and harmony betweensocial groupings or societies.

第三部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Always wished the Earth had a second moon? Then you will be__ 41__ to hear that theChengdu Aerospace Science Institute has plans to launch multiple mini moons over the nextfew years.

Similar to our__ 42__ satellite, the light of the artificial orb (球体) will be obtained from thesunand_ 43__ to Earth by its mirror-like coating. According to its designers, the_ 44__ of light beingreflected can be controlled from Earth and the light can even be_ 45__ , if necessary.

While the multiple mini moons will certainly appear picturesque, their main purpose is toconserve__ 46__ The Chengdu Aerospace experts claim the mini moon's dusk-like glow will allowthe government to eventually_ 47__ costly streetlights in cities. They estimate that using the artificialsatellite to light up Chengdu's streets at night will_ 48__ the city 1.2 billion yuan anally. Since theorb's location can be_ 49__ moved, it could also be used to shine light over disaster-struck areas thathave lost_ 50___

Once the first mini moonis_ 51__ successfully, the experts plan to launch three_52__ ones.Together, the satellites, which will take turns depending on their__ 53__ in relation to the sun, areexpected to_ 54__an area of 3,600 to 6,400 square kilometers. While the orbs will be_55___ througha telescope from anywhere on the globe, their real beauty will only be seen by visiting Chengdu.Officials,_ 56__ , believe they will be a huge tourist attraction, helping improve the city's __57__.

As is often the case with major _ 58__ , some experts are concerned. They _ 59__ that the

moons will impact on the sleep patterns of humans and animals. However, officials believe the

satellites will cause little, if any,_ 60__.

41.A. pleased B. surprised C. alarmed D. relieved

42. A. traditional B. unique C. natural D. famous

43. A. carried B. reflected C. introduced D. transformed

44. A. colour B. speed C. source D. amount

45. A. sent out B. switched off C. given away D. turned down

46. A. resources B. animals C. farmland D. space

47.A. rebuild B. expand C. improve D. remove

48. A. bring B. leave C. save D. cost

49. A. hardly B. easily C. frequently D. normally

50. A. money B. home C. contact D. power

51. A. travelling B. appearing C. working D. signaling

52. A. additional B. special C. bright D. colourful

53. A. size B. importance C. position D. function

54.A. pick up B. take up C. hold up D. light up

55.A. reliable B. visible C. available D. testable

56.A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. moreover

57.A. population B. education C. evolution D. conflict

58.A. drawback B. breakthroughs C. technology D. economy

59. A.doubt B. conclude C. worry D. agree

60. A. disturbance B. destruction C. satisfaction D. discussion 第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。

A grape seed that falls into the soil of Xinjiang is very fortunate, as Xinjiangis 61_______ (well)suited for growing grapes than anywhere else. Here, a grape seed can grow to its full potential._ 62_______its high altitudes(海拔), long periods of dry weather and abundant sunshine, Xinjiang produces fruitswith extremely high sugar content. Every fall, a large number of grapes_ 63_______ (ship) from Xinjiangto other parts of China, and the rest are made into raisins for easy storage.

In the vineyards of Moyu, thanks to the hot and dry climate that _ 64_______ (result) from beingsurrounded by the desert, huge quantities of large and _ 65_______ (juice) grapes with very thin skins areproduced. These grapes bring wealth as well as their delicious_ 66 (sweet) to the locals.

In mid- September,_ 67______ their Seedless White grapes ripen, local farmers are busy pickinggrapes to be transported to other parts of the country. Bunches of glowing white grapes hang onthe vines, waiting to be picked. If you pick one and put _ 68_______ in your mouth, you will_ 69 _______(sure)never forget the wonderful taste produced by the _ 70_______ (burm) sun and the desert wind of southernXinjiang.

第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共

有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分

It was a still and quiet morning on the lake. There was no human voices or cars to break thesilent. It was a perfect day for fishing.

We sat at there, afraid to talk, thinking fish would hear us and flee. My father, hold our lunch begin one hand, passed me a sandwich. It was terrible hot and clouds of mosquito were feasting on myblood. With my legs covering with bite marks, I complained,“When will the fish come?"

Suddenly I felt a fish bite. My father became so excited as 1 was, and together we pulled inthe fish that would be part of us dinner that night.

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Alethea将到中国学习汉语，她来信请你帮忙给她起-一个合适的中文名字。请你给她写-封回信，提出建议并说明理由。

Alethea [ sli:0ia]的含义是:真实;诚实。

1词数100左右。

2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。