裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记第21课

Lesson 21 Mad or not? 是不是疯了

Why do people think the writer is mad?

Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be used then. Last year, however, it came into use. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. I am one of the few people left. Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here. Everybody says I must be mad and they are probably right.

参考译文

飞机正在逐渐把我逼疯。我住在一个机场附近，过往飞机日夜不绝于耳。机场是许多年前建的，但由于某种原因当时未能启用。然而去年机场开始使用了。有100多人肯定是被噪音逼得已经弃家远去，我是少数留下来的人中的一个。有时我觉得这房子就要被一架飞过的飞机撞倒。他们曾向我提供一大笔钱让我搬走，但我决定留在这儿。大家都说我肯定是疯了，也许他们说的是对的。

【New words and expressions】（4）

mad adj. 发疯的

be mad 发疯，发狂（强调状态）

go mad 发疯，发狂（强调转变）

drive sb mad 逼疯

/send sb mad

be mad about sth 对…疯狂的，狂热的

/be mad on sth

be mad on football 对足球狂热

be mad on pop music

be mad on jazz

be mad about/on sth

/be crazy about… 对…着迷

go mad 发疯，发狂

/go crazy

/go insane [in'sein]

(歌曲“Right Here Waiting”中，”I slowly go insane…”)

the insane 精神病人

go bananas (sl.) become mad or angry, act very foolishly. 发疯，发怒，傻里傻气go nuts 发疯

nut: (sl.) foolish, eccentric or mad person

mental patient 精神病患者

mental hospital 精神病医院

like mad 拼命地，猛烈地，疯狂地

reason

1) n. 原因

reasonable adj. 合情合理的，良好的，尚可的

at a reasonable price 以合理的价格

eg. The plane is in a reasonable condition. 飞机的状态良好

cause 导致某事发生的起因

the cause of the fire 大火的起因

eg. Smoking is one of the causes of lung cancer. 吸烟是肺癌的起因之一。

reason

1) n. 原因

for this reason 由于这个原因

for some resson 由于某个原因

( some: 某一个，加可数名词单数)

/for a certain reason

give a reason 提出理由

the root reason 根本原因

the reason is that… 理由是…

the reason why…is that……的理由是…

eg. The reason why I study English is that I envy those who speak English well. 我学习英语的理由是我羡慕那些讲英语很好的人。

the reason for sth …理由

eg. What’s the reason for your absence? 你缺席的理由是什么？

the reason to do sth 做某事的理由

eg. Is there any reason to go there? 有去那儿的理由吗？

2) 理性，正常心智

eg. Only man has reason. 只有人类才有理性。

lose one’s reason 丧失理智

beyond all reasons 毫无道理

bring a person to reason 使（某人）明白道理，使不做糊涂事

sum

1) n. 金额，款项

a sum of money 一笔钱

表“许多”的短语：

a great many + pl.

a number of + pl.

a great number of + pl.

a large number of + pl.

a sum of (money)

an amount of (money)

a large sum of money 一大笔钱

the sum of incomes 收入总计

2) n. 大意，要旨

the sum of a speech 演讲大意

sum up

(1) 合计

sum up all the expenses 把所有的花费加起来

(2) 总结，概括

eg. To sum up, he agrees with us. 总的来说，他同意我们的观点。

in sum === in a word / in short / in brief 总之，要言之

determined adj. 有决心的，坚定的

determine vt. 决定，确定，影响

determine a date for a meeting 确定开会的日期

eg. The environment determines one’s character. 环境决定人的性格。determine on sth 决定做某事

/determine to do sth

eg. We determined to study English hard. 我们决定要努力学习英语。eg. I am determined to stay here. 我决定留下来。

eg. I am determinrd to succeed. 我下定决心一定要成功。

“决定做某事”的表达：

determine to do sth

make up one’s mind to do sth

decide to do sth

make a decision to do sth

( decision n.)

be determined to do sth

determination n. 判断力，决心

a woman of determination 有判断力的女人

eg. He showed great determination. 他显示了坚定的决心。

被动语态

第十课中，我们对被动语态进行了初步的讲解，特别是一般过去时中的被动语态，本课我们讲一般将来时，现在完成时及含情态动词句子的被动语态。

l、一般将来时中的被动语态

will/shall +be+过去分词

例： When will the road be opened to traffic?

这条路什么时候开通？

例： Your watch will be repaired. 你的表将被修理。

2、现在完成中时的被动语态have/has+十been+过去分词

例：My bag has been stolen. 我的包己经被偷走了。

例: This point has not been covered yet.

这一点没有被提到。

3、含情态动词的被动语态

can／could be+过去分词must be十过去分词

may/might be+过去分词must have been+过去分词

例：Your watch can be repaired. 你的表能够被修理。

例: He asked how the video could be operated.

他间怎么样来操作这台DV机。

例：This new car must be tested. 这辆车必须被检验。

例：Cars must not be parked here. 车不能被停在这。

例：My bag must have been stolen. 我的包一定是被偷走了

must have done想必是，一定是（对发生完的事情比较有把握的判断）

例： He must have gone. 他一定是走了。

Exercises：

改写以下句子变成被动语态

I will send a message immediately.

我将立刻发出这个消息去。

A message will be sent immediately.

一个消息将会立刻被发出去。

2. We must sell all these goods. 我们必须卖掉所有的货物。

一AII these goods must be sold. 所有的货物必须被卖掉。

3. I told you he would receive the parcel in time.

他将及时的收到包裹。

-+I told you the parcel would be received in time.

包裹将被及时收到。

He has to deliver the letter by hand.

4. 他必须亲手去送这封信。

--The letter has to be delivered by hand.

这封必须被亲手送。

5. They must have lost your letter in the post

他们一定在邮寄过程中丢掉你的信。

Your letter must have been lost in the post.

你的信一定是被丢掉了。

Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad.

drive

eg. He drives his car very badly. 他开车技术非常糟糕。

eg. The farmer drove the cattle in the field. 那位农夫把牛赶进田里。

eg. Our army drove the enemy back. 我们的军队把敌人赶回去了。

eg. During the war, many people were driven out of their homes.

战争期间，许多人被赶出家园。

I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day

(in fact the noise of passing planes can be heard night and day) （借喻）

eg. I couldn’t hear the actors.

→ I coul dn’t hear the actors’ words.

night and day/day and night表日夜

The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be used then. for some reason 因为某种原因

some: 某种（个）+ 可数名词单数

to some extent 在某种程度上

in some way 在某种意义上

someone

somebody

something

eg. Some Mr. Wang wanted you on the phone. 一个王先生打电话找你。

Last year, however, it came into use.

come into use 投入使用（永无被动，物作主语）

eg. When did this word come into common use? 这个词什么时候广泛使用的？

eg. The airport came into use last year. 这个机场去年投入使用。

go out of use 停止使用

eg. The present phone boxes will go out of use next year. 现有的电话亭明年停止使用。

Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. over: more than

must have done 对发生完的事情有把握的判断

must have been done （被动形式）

I am one of the few people left.

left

leave---left---left

left作定语常放n.后

eg. There is only 2 yuan left in my pocket. 我的口袋里只剩下2元钱。

eg. There is nobody left in the room. 房间里一个人也没有留下。

Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by the passing plane.

sometimes 有时候

sometime （过去或将来）某时候

some time 一段时间

some times 几次，几倍（本博注：这是中国人的用法，地道的说法是：several times）

关于knock的短语：

knock at 敲

knock at door

knock at window

knock off 下班；从…碰下去；优惠，折扣

knock over 撞翻，打翻，撞倒

knock down 撞倒

knock out 打昏

eg. Knock it off. 住手！；住口！

Have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but l am determined to stay here. offer vt. 提供，给予

offer help 提供帮助

offer a sum of money 提供一笔钱

offer a job 提供一份工作

offer sb sth

offer sth to sb

give sb sth

give sth to sb

被动→ sb be given sth

→ sb be offered sth

eg. He was given a job.

eg. He was offered a job.

被动→ sth be given to sb

→ sth be offered to sb

eg. A job was given to him.

eg. A job was offered to him.

be determined to do sth 下定决心要做

Everybody says I must be.mad and they are probably right.

I must be mad 有把握的判断

eg. You must be hungry now.

They are probably right. 他们可能是对的。

They may be right. （可能性的判断）

They might be right. ( might比may更加委婉，对判断的把握性更小一些)

Special Difficulties:

home and house

eg. After work I always go home. 下班后我总是回家。

eg. I stay at home during the weekend. 周末我呆在家里。

eg. There is no place like home. 没有任何地方像家一样。

eg. They are building many new houses in our district. 他们正在我们这个区建大量的新房子。eg. Houses are very expensive. 住宅很昂贵。

eg. I paid a lot of money for a new house. 我付一大笔钱买了一栋新房子。

eg. House is a man’s castle. 家是男人的城堡。

eg. Thera is no place like home. 金窝银窝不如自己的狗窝。

eg. East or west, home is best. 不管东南西北，家最好。

homeland/ motherland/native land 祖国

Exercises: 用house(s)或home填空

1. It was raining heavily and I was glad to get home.

2. The government plans to build thousands of houses next year.

3. He is very rich. He owns a house in the country.

1. It couldn't be used then.

It wasn't ____ to use it

A. able

B. allowed

C. impossible

D. possible

分析；

D. 才能完成句子，使这个句子同前一句含义接近；

A. 能够，通常是人作主语；

B. 允许，不符合题意；

C，不是不可能的，与题意相反。

2. Over a hundred people must have been driven away ____ they were.

A.I think

B. I' m sure

C. Certain

D. Of course

分析：

B. 我确信，语气过为肯定，不表示推测：

C. 是形容词，表“肯定的，，缺主语与谓语，不符合语法和题意：

D. 当然，过于肯定，含义不够准确：

A. 我想，我认为，表示推侧。

3. I am determined to stay here I ____ stay here.

A. am will to

B. want to

C. may

D. am going to

分析

D. 表示“打算，准备”的意思，更加接近前一句的I am determined to stay here;

A. 不符合语法习惯；

B. “想要”与“决定”含义有些差距；

C. 可以留下来，词义更加不接近。

4. They carried out a lot of experiments to ____ the speed of sound.

A. decide

B. determine

C. detect

D. devise

分析；

A. 决定：

B. 确定，决定：

C. 探测：

D. 策划。

量词

a shovelful of一铲

例： He put a shovelful of snow in Kate' s bed as a practical joke.

他把一铲雪放在凯特的床上，以此来开玩笑。

a snatch of （尤指会话，歌曲等）片刻，片段，点滴

例: He had a snatch of sleep sitting in this chair.

他坐在这张椅子上小睡了一会儿。