复习定语从句学案

定语从句复习学案

一、定语的概念。

1.This is a smart student.

2. This is a boy student.

3. This is a sleeping student.

4.This is a student to speak at the meeting tomorrow.

5.This is a student from Yinghua School.

6.This is a student who comes from Yinghua School.

二、定语从句的公式。

1.Lucy is a hot mother. Lucy teaches us English.

_______________________________________________________________

2.We fall in love with Lucy. Lucy teaches us English.

_______________________________________________________________

总结公式：_____________________________________________________

三、引导词的基本用法。（根据________和从句中所缺________来确定引导词）

1.Do you know the man? The man is smoking.

2.This is the man. You are looking for the man.

3.The bike is black. My uncle bought a bike.

4.Do you have a friend? His name is Tom.

5.I love to live in the house. Its door is very big.

6.I still remember the day. I came to Nanning on the day.

7.I still remember the day. I spent the day on Nanning.

8.That is the school. I teach English in the school.

9.That is the school. I love the school.

10.My classmates don’t know the reason. He was late for the reason.

1. Mandela was the black lawyer to ________ I went for advice. (15)

2. Then we had a picnic in a park that many children were flying kites. (15年改错)

3. In the school I have many good friends, ________ are honest and hard-working.(14)

4. I will never forget the stories my grandma told me. (13)

5. It’s time for me to say goodbye to my school. I’ll always remember the people have helped me. (12)

6. This is the house my parents lived in 10 years ago. (10)

7. The film I saw last week is worth seeing twice. (09)

8. I have a friend likes listening to classical music. (08)

9. I don’t like people talk much but do little. (07)

10. The room faces south is mine. It’s a very nice room. (06)

11. Do you live near the building color is yellow? (05) 12. This is the book I bought yesterday. (04)

13. Would you please lend me the book you bought yesterday? (03)

14. The man spoke at the meeting this morning is a famous scientist. (02)

15. This is the factory we visited last week. (01)

五、高考链接

1.Friday was Laundry Day, on that Kerry felt annoyed. (16届适应性测试改错)

2.We are handing out blankets and I am making hearty soup, ________ we have started handing

out to the homeless. (16届高三摸底联考)

3.Home is a place _______ love exists among all the members of the family. (16届高三联考)

4.Failures happen in our lives, that may make us fell upset or even depressed. (16届高三联考改错)

5.I came across an old family friend Dan, _______ was once a patient of my father’s.(15年二模)

六、考点

考点一、关系代词与副词的区别

（1）The place ______ we visited yesterday is a school for poor children.

（2）The place _____ we studied yesterday is a school for poor children.

小结：选择关系代词或关系副词主要取决于其在句中的成分作用：作主、宾、定语就用________ ，作时间、地点、原因状语就选择_______ 。

练习： 1. I’ll never forget the days ______ we worked together.

2. I’ll never forget the days ______ we spent together.

3. I went to the city _______I worked ten years ago.

4. I went to the city ________ I visited ten years ago.

5. This is the reason ________ he was late.

6. This is the reason __________ he gave.

考点二、介词+关系代词(which/whom)

1. 三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构：

when = + which; where = + which;

why = + which.

Eg：I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived.

This is the place where (=in which) we met yesterday.

This is the real reason why (=for which) he did it.

2. (1) Her bag, in she put all her money, has been stolen.

(2) Xiao Wang, with I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.

小结：在单项选择题中，看到关系词前面有介词的情况，若关系代词指人要用;

指物要用，不能用that 。

3. 思考：如何判断介词?

(1) Do you like the book ____which she spent $10?

(2) Do you like the book ____ which she paid $10?

(3) Is this the library _____ which you borrow books?

(4) This is the book which I’m interested.

(5) Leifeng is the person whom we should learn.

小结：介词的选择根据定语从句中的和前面先行词之间的搭配来选择。

练习：填空根据句子意思，在第一个空白处填入介词，在第二个填入关系代词whom或which。

1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is my manager

2. I still remember the day ______ ______ I first came to Beijing.

3. This is the girl ______ _______I learned the news.

4. This is the house ______ ______ we lived last year.

5. This is the reason ______ ______he left his hometown.

注意：非限制性定语从句中要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“名词/数词/代词+ of which/whom”的结构，

如：There are 50 students in our class, two-thirds of whom have been to Beijing.

练习：

1. She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before. ( 2009 全国卷Ⅰ)

2. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _______ are sold abroad.

考点三、关系代词whose引导的定语从句

1. whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。Eg. Do you know the woman whose husband is a doctor?

This is a book whose cover is green.

1.Whose引导的从句可转换为“ of +关系代词”型，

如：whose+名词=the +n + of which/whom=of which/whom + the + n.

He lives in the room whose window faces south.

= He lives in the room, ____________________ faces south.

= He lives in the room, ________________________faces south.

练习：1. The prize will go to the writer story shows the most imagination. (11年全国课标)

2. The school shop, customers are mainly students, is closed few the holidays.

3. The old temple roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.

4. They lived in a house, _______ door opens to the south.

小结: 关系代词whose在句中做，表示所属关系，既指又指。

考点四、定语从句的特殊用法

1. 只用that情况。

which 和that指物且在限定性定语从句中做主语或宾语时，一般都可以互换使用，但在下列情况下只用that不用which:

(1) 先行词为等不定代词时。

Eg: He told me all had happened.

There is nothing can prevent him from doing it.

Do you have anything you want to say?

(2) 先行词被或不定代词修饰时。Eg: Mr. Smith is the only foreigner he knows.

This is the very book I am looking for.

The last bus arrives here is at 11.

I have read all the books that you gave me.

(3) 先行词被修饰时。

This is the best film I have ever seen.

The first place they visited in London was the Big Ben.

(4) 先行词中时。

I won’t forget the persons and the things I saw.

Can you remember the scientist and his theory we have learnt?

(5) 当主句中含有疑问词或时用引导从句。Which are the books you bought for me?

Who is the girl is speaking?

(6)当主句以there be句型开头时，用that 引导从句。

There is little I can do to make up for the lost time.

2. 只用which情况。

在定语从句中, 当先行词指物时,只能用which而不能用that 的情况：

(1) 可引导非限制性定语从句，that则不能。

She failed the exam, which made her parents vary angry.

(2) 先行词是物, 从句中缺少介词宾语时，关系代词只能用。注意介词后不用that。This is the house in Lu Xun used to live.

3. 只用who情况。

当先行词是one, ones, anybody, anyone, all, none, those 等, 指人时一般用，不用that. Eg. Those want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.

Anyone breaks the law will be punished.

All were invited were present on time.

4. the way作先行词。

I don’t like the way _____ _ he speaks. I don’t like the way _____ _ he speaks.

I don’t like the way _____ _ he speaks.

小结：当先行词是the way，且表达“方式，方法”的意思时，引导词有三种情况_______ __________ 和___________.

5. 先行词是situation, point, case, scene, stage…，引导词一般用或用。Eg. Let me think of a proper situation _______ this sentence can be used.

考点五、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

定语从句分为和两大类。

1. 限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系，去掉从句，主句意义，甚至不合逻辑。Eg. The film which we saw last night was wonderful.（去掉定语从句，意思就）

2. 非限制性定语从句：只对先行词作补充说明，没有限定作用。从句与先行词关系，去掉定从句，主句意思仍然。形式上用逗号隔开，不能用that引导。

Eg. The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. （去掉定语从句，主句意思仍）考点六、as与which引导的定语从句

二者都可以引导非限制定语从句，指代从句中的一部分或整个句子的内容，有时可以互换。Eg. He married her, as /which was natural.

在下列情况下一般只能用as：

(1) as 放在句首，而which不能。

(2) as 本身有“正如……；正像……”之意，而which 没有；

此时as常和know, see, expect, announce, suggest, hope, believe 等连用。

e.g. As we all know, the earth is round.

由as构成的常用短语：As everybody knows/As is known to everybody;

As we can see; As is often the case; As is reported in the newspaper

(3) 当先行词被the same, such修饰时，定语从句需用as引导时。

e.g. Such books as you tell me are interesting. I have the same plan as you.

the same …as(指同类的东西) the same …that(指同一个东西)

This is the same watch as I lost.

This is the same watch that I lost.