2019北京市高考压轴卷英语附答案解析

2019北京市高考压轴卷

英语

注意事项：

1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）

第一节单项填空（共15 小题；每小题1 分，共15 分）

从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. _____, we last met more than thirty years ago.

A. What’s more

B. That’s to say

C. In other words

D. Believe it or not

答案是D

1．The researches of this kind in both the U.K. and the continental Europe well before the First World War.

A．have conducted B．have been conducted

C．had conducted D．had been conducted

2．the famous actress offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.

A．Which B．What C．That D．Whom

3．Trump in the library every night over the last three months.

A．works B．worked C．have been working D．had been working

4．—I don’t really like Tom. Why did you invite him?

—Don’t worry. He come. He said he w asn’t certain what his plans were.

A．must not B．need not C．would not D．might not

5．It’s important for the figures regularly.

A．to be updated B．to have been updated

C．to update D．to have updated

6. The old bank, _____ appearance is not a pretty sight, is extremely magnificent inside.

A. whose

B. where

C. when

D. why

7. The famous athlete tried again and again after each failure. That’s _______ he succeeded in the end.

A. what

B. when

C. whether

D. why

8. Usually Beijing Roast Duck ________ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet sauce.

A. was served

B. will serve

C. is served

D. serve

9. ______ gas price is going up, people are looking for less expensive ways to get around.

A. Now that

B. Even if

C. Although

D. Unless

10. Passengers ________ talk to the driver while the bus is moving, because it will take his focus off the road.

A. would not

B. must not

C. may not

D. need not

11. When we saw the road with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.

A. block

B. to block

C. blocking

D. blocked

12. I took my driving license with me on holiday, ______ I wanted to hire a car.

A. in case

B. even if

C. ever since

D. if only

13. --- So what is the procedure?

--- All the applicants before a final decision is made by the authority.

A. interview

B. are interviewing

C. are interviewed

D. are being interviewed

14. Experts believe people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.

A. why

B. where

C. that

D. what

15. If we a table earlier, we couldn’t be standing here in a queue.

A. have booked

B. booked

C. book

D. had booked

第二节完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，共30 分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The Brave Action

13-year-old Madison was studying at home when her mother burst in．She said a boy had fallen into a septic tank(化粪池)and made an urgent 16 for Madiso n’s help．

They ran to a neighbor’s yard，where the 17 adults surrounded the septic tank opening 18 wider than a basketball．The boy，aged only 2，had slipped in and was 19 ．

Madison quickly 20 the situation．She was the only one who could 21 through the small opening．Without 22 ，she got close to the opening and said，“ 23 me in．”

Some people held her waist and 24 ．She wiggled(扭动)arms and shoulders until she 25 the opening．Inside，the tank was dark and the air smelly．When she stuck her arms into the dirty water，she jammed her left wrist against a hidden stick，26 it severely．

27 tend to her injury，Madison scanned the surface of the dirty water，hoping to 28 the underwater boy．Suddenly she saw his little toes stick out．When spotting the vague 29 of his foot again，Madison shot out her 30 hand，grasped the foot tightly and shouted，“Pull me up!”

As they nearly reached the surface，the boy’s other foot got stuck．She wiggled his foot until it was

31 ．Eventually they were lifted out．

32 ，the kid wasn’t out of trouble．Having suffered from lack of 33 that long，he wasn’t breathing．He was then given hard hits on the back until he coughed up water．At the sight of this，Madison sighed with 34 ．

Madison received months of treatment for her wrist，which made her 35 actions more impressive．16．A．appointment B．attempt C．choice D．request

17．A．anxious B．curious C．annoyed D．merciful

18．A．partly B．previously C．slightly D．dramatically

19．A．floating B．weeping C．trembling D．drowning

20．A．controlled B．examined C．took part in D．gave up

21．A．look B．jump C．fill D．fit

22．A．time B．permission C．hesitation D．judgment

23．A．Throw B．Lower C．Force D．Push

24．A．legs B．arms C．head D．hands

25．A．adjusted to B．got through C．tore down D．held on to

26．A．touching B．trapping C．injuring D．striking

27．A．In an effort to B．Rather than C．Likely to D．Ready to

28．A．feel B．smell C．follow D．attract

29．A．skin B．gesture C．picture D．outline

30．A．left B．single C．good D．clumsy

31．A．frozen B．free C．flexible D．bare

32．A．However B．Instead C．Therefore D．Personally

33．A．protection B．oxygen C．gravity D．energy

34．A．flight B．cold C．relief D．respect

35．A．unselfish B．thoughtless C．unconscious D．random

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）

第一节（共15 小题：每小题2 分，共30 分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Recently the sewer line(污水管道)under ou r house didn’t work．My first response was to call a repairman．I made the call，expecting the man at the other end of the line to complain about such an awful job．Instead，he simply asked，“The address?”

An hour later Steve arrived in his truck．He looked exactly as I had imagined he might：broad and bearlike，in well worn clothing．“Can you fix it?” I asked with a mixture of doubt and hope．Steve looked at me as if responding to my lack of faith．With a cheerful shrug that suggested my crisis was all in a day’s work for him，he said，“Sure．”

After a short while，Steve told me that he had to get a tool and tear up the street to the main sewer line．He would first have to get permission from the town. I registered appropriate panic．“How long will all this take?” Again，a shrug. “I should have it done by evening．”

I did not want to watch the digging of my property unfold and went into town to visit some friends．I felt somewhat guilty upon driving off in my clean vehicle，leaving Steve to such a disagreeable task．Finally，when I went home，a sweeter sight I never saw：a period of newly paved street and all was tidy and relatively dry．

I need to say，in my own defense，that I am not a weak father of tw o children. I’ve traveled a ll over the world，served in the United States Navy and earned a PhD．But the broken sewer line was my limit．Then I thought about Steve. Big，rough，and how people might judge him，if not for his appearance then for his work．And I was taken by the very idea that，no matter what crisis occurs，there is somebody somewhere，who has the appropriate tools and settles it．

36．What do we know about Steve?

A．He wears neat and new clothes．

B．He is quite confident of his skills．

C．He always complains about his job．

D．He hesitates to accept the repair work．

37．What did Steve think o f the author’s crisis?

A．It’s a great challenge．

B．It’s beyond his ability．

C．It’s a part of his routine．

D．It’s none of his business．

38．Why did the author leave home during the repairs?

A．He liked to take his time riding outside．

B．He drove to turn to his friends for help．

C．He was afraid of being looked down upon．

D．He was unwilling to face the embarrassing situation．

39．What can be inferred from the text?

A．Action speaks louder than words．

B．God helps those who help themselves．

C．Every profession produces its top experts．

D．Hope for the best，but prepare for the worst．

B

For years going home for the holidays has been bittersweet. I appreciate the opportunity to spend quality time with my mom but it is painful for me to see her house littered with stuff(物品)．Clothes bought but never worn，and new items in their original packaging carelessly purchased and never used．It's evident that seeing the stuff on a daily basis reminds my mom of a time when shopping was her way of spending money．

I didn’t fu lly understand the extent to which my mom was suffering until this week，when I saw piles of clothes on her bed．“How do you manage to sleep every night with all that stuff，M om?” I asked．To my horror，she replied “I do it because I know I have to get rid of a ll this stuff eventually；I am punishing myself by sleeping with them until I do—that．”

Shocked and upset，I gently explained to her that punishing herself was only to make things worse，and that everybody deserves a place to sleep in peace，no matter what mistakes they’ve made．I suggested she move all the stuff upstairs，leaving her room comfortable to sleep in．With patience and her slow but steady guidance，I helped her go through some of the piles and move them upstairs．For the rest of the week I stayed there，she was in a better mood and was excited about going through the rest of the house to finally get rid of her stuff—past mistakes and painful times．The items brought back painful memories as we inspected and moved them，but I kept reminding her that removing them would allow her to move on and heal．We finally sold so many things and took bag after bag to charity．

The stuff is just a sign of the destructive patterns of self-hatred on past mistakes．Only through the act of self-forgiveness can we bring about a chain reaction of reorganizing—both of the house and heart．40．What made the author feel bitter?

A．She couldn’t understand her mom’s sorrows．

B．Her mom was stuck in the painful memories．

C．Her mom was always left alone at home．

D．Her mom wasted money on useless things．

41．The underlined word “that” in the second paragraph refers to_______．

A．getting rid of the stuff B．buying the stuff

C．opening the stuff D．moving the stuff

42．We can infer from the passage that______．

A．the author never bought her mom anything

B．the author’s mom has no money to purchase now

C．the author’s mom regrets buying so many things

D．the author knows her mom’s suffering onl y this week

43．What’s the best title of the passage?

A．How to do shopping wisely? B．The importance of self-forgiveness

C．Keep an eye on the elderly’s behavior D．Clearance helps remove suffering

C

Dogs and humans have been living side-by-side for about 15，000 years，but there are tons of facts about dogs that perhaps we have never heard of．

Night vision

Dogs have good night vision．Their large pupils let more light in and the rods (视杆细胞)work better in poor light．But the biggest factor is the tapetum(反光组织)，which reflects light at the back of the eye．Besides，dogs’ whiskers(胡须)also help them “see” in the dark because they pick up on very small changes in air，providing dogs with information about the size，shape，and speed of things nearby．Secret tail code

Dogs can use their tails to communicate．They wag their tails to the right when they are relaxed or happy，and to the left when nervous or threatened．When they’re aggressive，the tails will stick straight up in the air．A broad wag is friendly while a slow wag is neutral，neither excited nor anxious．Dreams

We often see a dog’s body making sudden movements in its sleep．Dogs have the same brain wave patterns as humans’ while they are asleep，so they dream just like we do．

Super nose

Dogs can find their way home despite long distances．Their noses are a vital part of their incredible sense of direction．The part of a dog’s brain that control smell is 40 times larger than humans’．They’re able to follow smells for miles．Furthermore，dogs have an amazing ability to recognize the smells given off by the abnormal cells in human bodies，including cancer．This is something scientists are eager to explore further．And interestingly，a dog’s“fingerprint” is on its nose．The patterns on dogs’ noses are so distinct that they can actually be used to identify the animals．

A sixth sense

Dogs act strangely before something bad，like a storm or earthquake，happens，for they are sensitive to low frequencies that humans can’t se nse．So don’t let their strange behavior go unnoticed next time．It could save your life．

44．Which of the following indirectly helps dogs see well in the dark?

A．Their rods．B．Their tapetum．C．Their whiskers．D．Their pupils．

45．If a dog holds up the tail，it indicates________．

A．happiness B．attack C．friendliness D．relaxation

46．What hasn’t been discovered about a dog?

A．Why it can sense natural disasters．B．Why it has an acute sense of smell．

C．What emotions it shows with its tail．D．How it can smell humans’ illnesses．

47．In what way are dogs like humans?

A．They dream when they sleep．B．They have good night vision．

C．They have distinct nose patterns．D．They can react to low frequencies．

D

A Japanese company is developing a pair of smart glasses that can help those with visual or comprehension problems to read written text more easily．Called the Oton Glass，the glasses are meant to translate text in to sound using two cameras and an earpiece，both fitted to its frame．

wearer’s Half of the lens(镜片)is a mirror that reflects the

eyes back to the first camera，which tracks eye

use the movement．The other camera captures the text．Wearers

glasses by staring at the text they can’t read and blinking(眨眼)to

cloud trigger the glasses．Then the captured words are sent to a

played system，which processes the text and turns it into sound

through the earpiece．If the system is unable to identify the words，the images are sent to a remote worker who can deal with them．

The Oton Glass lead designer，Keisuke Shimakage，started working on the glasses in 2012 to aid his father，who had developed dyslexia，a condition that makes it difficult for someone to read and spell．While

his father eventually recovered，Shimakage continued his development in order to help others with the disorder．

Currently，the Oton Glass is seeking funding．Backers can get a pair of the glasses for 5,000 yen(roughly $ 47)．

Smart glasses aren’t a new concept，but it's difficult to point to any single pair of smart glasses that people have reviewed favorably．It could，perhaps，be that previous products tried to do too much，or were too expensive．That’s why Intel’s Vaunt smart glasses stripped out some features，like its camera，LCD screen，and speakers．The Oton Glass is for a very specific audience，and its relatively low price could make it more appealing to those who want an affordable way to understand the text around them．48．What is the right order how the Oton Glass works?

a．The camera captures the words．

b．The wearer stares at the text．

c．The wearer hears the sound via the earpiece．

d．The cloud system turns the text into sound．

e．The wearer blinks to get the glasses working．

A．a，b，e，c，d B．e，b，c，d，a C．b，d，a，e，c D．b，e，a，d，c

49．The underlined part “stripped out” in the last paragraph can be replaced by_____．

A．improved B．removed C．increased D．invented

50．What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A．The advantages of the Oton Glass．

B．The characteristics of smart glasses．

C．Consumers’ evaluation of the Oton Glass．

D．The target audiences of various smart glasses．

第二节（共5 小题；每小题2 分，共10 分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Practical Ways to Show Respect for a Friend

●Show respect for their life choices and decisions

Accept that people aren’t always goin g to be just like you．They will make different life choices，have different views on politics and religion，and act differently in many ways．This doesn’t mean they can’t be your friend．51

●Give them the benefit of the doubt

52 If you’re in doubt ab out something，ask your friend．Be respectful and give them the benefit of the doubt w hen you don’t do. This alone will help you stay in their good graces(好感)．

●Give friends your full attention

One of the best ways to show respect for someone is to listen to them fully．Allow them to pause，convey nonverbal communication clues，collect their thoughts，and get it all out．Too often friends listen with half an ear or jump in the minute their friend pauses with an even worse story．53 When your friend is talking，pay attention．

● 54

Treat your friends respectfully when you argue with them．Make your friendship a safe place by not embarrassing your friend or expressing your private disagreements in front of other people．Be publicly supportive and kind to your friends so they know you value your friendship with them．

●Show up，be there，and do what you say you’re going to do

55 So just show your friend the best kind of respect by being on time，keeping promises，and being the one friend they can always count on．That’s the way to truly show respect．

A．Assumptions can be a dangerous thing．

B．Consider your friendship a precious gift．

C．This type of behavior is very disrespectful．

D．Tell your friends what you think about them directly．

E．In fact，you can almost do nothing but accept the differences．

F．It means that you’ll need to take a step back，reserve judgment，and show respect．

G．No one likes an unreliable friend who says they’ll be there and then doesn’t show．

第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）

第一节（15分）

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你写信建议你的美国朋友George参加中国日报（China Daily）专门为外国人举办的2018“最美中国”（Amazing China）手机摄影大赛。信的内容包括：

1. 作品内容要求；

2. 提交时间和方式

3. 表示愿意提供帮助

注意：1. 词数不少于50；

2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear George,

___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

第二节（20分）

请根据下面提示，写一篇短文，词数不少于50.

In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it.

（请务必将开放作文写在答题卡指定区域内）

参考答案

单项填空：

1. D 本题考查时态和语态，根据时间状语well before the First World War提示，conduct动作是发生在过

去的过去，所以应该用过去完成时，又research是被实施，因此需用被动语态。

2. B 本题考查主语从句，offer后缺宾语，因此选择what

3. C 本题考查时态，根据时间状语over the last three months来判断，因此需用现在完成进行时。

4. D 情态动词的考查，根据语义，他可能不来

5. A 考查非谓语动词figures（数据）是将要被更新

6. A 考查定语从句，它的外表，缺定语

7. D 考查表语从句，根据语义，这就是他为什么最终成功了。

8. C 考查时态和语态根据时间状语usually, 用一般现在时，烤鸭与serve之间是被动关系

9. A 考查状语从句连词从语义上看，因为油价提高了，所以选择now that“既然，由于”

10. B 情态动词的考查从语义上判断，乘客一定不要跟司机交谈，表示强烈否定

11. D 考查基本结构，see sth. done 看到路被雪封了

12. A 考查状语从句连接词，万一我需要租车，因此选in case“以防；万一”

13. C 对面试流程进行描述，所以用一般现在时，申请人是被面试

14. C 考查名词性从句，根据语义，不缺成分，因此选that引导从句即可

15. D 考查混合虚拟语气，“如果我们早一些订桌”，是对过去情况的虚拟，因此需要用had done

完形填空

DACDB DCBAB CBADC BABCA

难点讲解：

16. made an urgent request for 紧急需要…

18. 比一个篮球稍微大一点

19. 从后文看，Madison是搜索之后发现了他，因此他是溺水的状态

21. fit through 适合挤过开口

26. 顺承结果状语，it指left wrist，把左手腕伤的很重

27. 语义是：不是去照看自己的伤势，因此用rather than，而不是

29. 发现他的脚的轮廓

30. 左手已经受伤了，因此用那只没有受伤的手

33. lack of oxygen因为缺氧

34. 看到小男孩脱险了，因此宽慰地舒了一口气。

阅读理解：

36-39 BCDC

36. 从第二段With a cheerful shrug that suggested my crisis was all in a day’s work for him, he said,

“Sure.”

37. 通过第二段，第三段阅读可以得出，作者的危机在他眼里，只是日常工作的一部分

38. 通过第四段，I did not want to watch the digging of my property unfold可以得出答案

39. 该选项可以翻译成：行行出状元。

40-43 BACD

40. 通过第二段，作者和母亲之间的对话，可以得出母亲活在痛苦的回忆中，不能自拔。

42. 通过第二段：I am punishing myself by sleeping with them until I do that.得出作者母亲非常悔恨自己的行为。

43. 题目的意思清理这些买过的东西消除了母亲的痛苦。

44-47 CBDA

44.本题注意审题，是间接帮助狗视力的原因

45. 从Secret tail code可以轻松得出答案

46. 倒数第二段，This is something scientists are eager to explore further.可以得出答案

47. 从Dream这个话题可以得出答案。

48-50 DBA

48. 通过第二段逐一阅读，可以得到：佩戴者首先看文本；然后眨眼睛使眼镜开始工作；相机捕捉单词；云系统把它转换成声音；佩戴者通过耳机听到自己看到的内容

49. 根据文本，这款新的眼镜价格便宜，成本降低，肯定是减掉了原来类似设备的一些特色

七选五：

51-55 FACBG

51. 前文讲解的是要接受朋友不同的见解，因此F是对前文的一个总结。

52. 如果你有疑问一定要去问朋友，所以不要猜疑、假设，因此选A

53. 前文例举了一些行为，后文讲要专注的听朋友说话，所以前面这些行为是有失尊重的。

54. 本段就是讲解如何保护友谊，因此就可以得出答案。

55. 本段就是讲了说到做到，因此可以得出正确答案。

作文一One possible version:

Dear George,

How is everything going? I have some exciting news for you. China Daily will hold a mobile phone contest named “Amazing China”, only open to foreigners. I know you love photography, so why not give it a try.

The contest welcomes submissions about natural scenery, famous places or historical sites, local customs of China and so forth. And every photo should be accompanied with an explanation: time, place, name of the work, and stories behind. Photos edited with photoshop or any other software will not be accepted. Each participant can turn in three photos at most to Liuying@chinadaily Deadline for entries

is …

For more information, you can re fer to China Daily’s official website.

Yours, Li Hua

作文二One possible version:

In the picture, there stands a tree full of fruit on one side of the stream. Across the stream, a man is trying to reach out on the edge of the bank for the fruit with a net attached to a pole. Not far away there is bridge that can lead him to the tree for more fruit.

The message conveyed in the picture is clear. In pursuing a dream, we might focus on only one way of making it come true, forgetting that there may be alternatives. As indicated in the picture, if the man is willing to look for other possibilities, he can find a better and more rewarding way to achieve his goal. All he has to do is to turn around, cross the bridge and walk to the tree.