大学英语六级英译汉应试指导
大学英语六级英译汉应试指导
1、如何进行准备
首先要弄清六级翻译考试大纲的内容，评分标准；分析标题，从而找出原则及规律。同时了解一下自己在翻译方面的问题：是词汇量小，语法结构知识掌握不牢靠，还是汉语功能太差，总之只有找出问题的症结才能做到有针对性地弥补、不足、提高翻译水平。
学习翻译方面的基本常识。如：“英译汉”的基本标准可归于忠实和通顺两个方面，即忠实于原作的内容及风格；译文必须通顺易懂，符合汉语表达习惯。翻译有直译和意译之分，直译要求译文与原文在词语、语法结构及表达方式上保持一致，而意译则要求摆脱原文形式的束缚而传达原文的内容。但实际翻译中，没有绝对的直译和绝对的意译。相反，直译基础上的意译更接近原文而又符合汉语习惯。
掌握英汉两种语言在句法结构及表达方式上的不同，利于迅速提高翻译水平。如：英语多后置定语，而汉语多前置定语；英语状语语序为方式状语+地点状语+时间状语，而汉语则是时间状语+地点状语+方式状语；英语多长句、松散句（句子中心在句首），而汉语多短句、圆周句（句子中心在句末）；英语多非人称名词作主语，而汉语多以人称代词作主语；英语多被动结构，汉语多主动结构；英语多倒装句，而汉语多正常语序句；英语中用于修饰名词的几个形容词常由主观性形容词到客观性形容词的顺序排列，而汉语却相反，离名词最近的常是主观性最强的形容词，最远的是客观性最强的形容词。
熟悉“英译汉”时常用的翻译技巧，便于提高翻译的速度和准确度。
词汇方面的翻译技巧有：正确选择词义，增加原文中无其形而有其义的词汇，如量词、助词、概括词、时态词、语态词及其它解释性文字；省略词汇，如先行词、系动词、代词、连词、冠词及名词复数形式等；转换词类：词性转换往往体现在派生词、介词及副词身上；正反互译：根据汉语习惯调整句意的不同表达方式：正话反说，反话正说等。语句方面的翻译技巧有：顺译法：按原文词序、结构顺序来译；逆译法：打乱原文词句顺序来译；合译法：把原文中两个简单句合译为一句或一个句子成分；分译法：把原文长句化为汉语的几个短句。
翻译虽有技巧可言，但实践练习却更为关键。课下一定要试着动笔翻译，不要以为看懂了就行，有时一旦落在纸上，就会发现错误百出。所以在做翻译练习时，不妨先自己先翻译一下，然后与正确答案对照，分析其不足，弄清译文不正确的原因：词义选择有问题还是词序安排不合理。
2、临场注意事项
首先快速找到所要翻译的句子在阅读理解的短文中的位置，理解它与文章、所在段落及其它句子之间的语法与逻辑关系，弄清代词的指代意思等。
仔细分析所要翻译的句子中的词汇、结构或惯用法，找出主语、谓语和宾语。对于句子中出现的生词（组），一定要多读读上下文，找出能解释其意义的线索或同义词等，或根据句子本身的含义，按照自己的理解表达出其意义，千万不要空着不译，因为只要表达意思不是与原文正相反，总会有所收获的。
弄清句中词义、结构之后，应按汉语习惯安排词序，决定是顺序、逆译、分译还是合译。
译完之后尚需对原句内容进一步核实，对译文语言进一步推敲；检查译文有无错（漏）译现象，是否符合汉语表达习惯，有无晦涩难懂、偏离原文内容的表达法。
具体翻译时，最好先打草稿，安排好语序，在考虑成熟之后再把答案写在卷子上，字迹要工整，这样便于保持卷面清洁，给阅卷人一个好印象。
总之，只要考生充分了解六级翻译考试的要求及评分原则，掌握各种翻译技巧，平时加强练习，不断扩大词汇量，最终肯定会获得理想的成绩。
3、主要考点
非人称主语句的英译汉
英语里主语常用人称和非人称两种形式来表达。用非人称主语表达时，往往注重“什么事发生在什么人身上”。而汉语则较常用人称主语表达，侧重“什么人怎么样了”。
如：1。A terrible thought suddenly struck me -----had I locked the door? 我突然产生了一个可怕的想法---我锁门了吗？
2。A strange peace came over her when she was alone.
她独处时便感到一种特殊的安宁。
英语中非人称作主语的句子主要有两种类型：
1。非人称主语句采用“无灵主语”（inanimate subject），表示抽象概
念、心理感觉、事物名称或时间地点等，但谓语却常常使用“有灵动词”（animate verb）表示人或社会团体的动作和行为，如：see，desert，find，bring，witness，give，escape，surround，kill，deprive，serve，send，know，tell，permit，invite，take，drive，prevent…from等，这类句子往往带有拟人化（personification）的修辞色彩（如上面两个例句）。
2。用非人称代词“it”作主语。
例如：It never occurred to me that she was so dishonest.
译文：我从没有想到她会这样的不诚实。
英语中的这类句子具备着含蓄幽默、生动活泼、客观公正、简洁凝练、句型多样等特点，所以使用广泛。但是由于汉、英两种语言属于不同的语系，所以在翻译这种无灵主语句时，要考虑到英语的思维方法，然后转换为汉语的思维方法，把句子的内在意义用汉语表达出来。下面就将非人称（impersonal）主语句英译汉的基本方法略作探讨。一：如果主语暗含着条件、因果、时间、地点、方式等意义时，用人作主语，把原来的主语翻译成各种形式的状语。
例如：The forty years ,1840--1880,brought almost ten million migrants to America.
译文：从1840至1880这四十年中，近一千万移民移居美国。
二：当谓语动词是情感型使动词时，如：surprise，disappoint，excite，disturb，inspire，puzzle，annoy，trouble，irritate，shock等；或得失型动词，如：lost，get，gain，take，fail，save，win，leave等，翻译
时可保留主语，把谓语动词转译成“使……”结构。
例如：1。The beautiful scenery gained the place quite a reputation .
译文：美景使这个地方颇有名气。
2。Her habit of biting her nails irritates me .
译文：她咬指甲的习惯使我生气。
三：把原句中表示生命概念的词变成主语，引申谓语动词的词义，并采用逆行翻译法。
例如：1。When he had to speak ,his confidence suddenly deserted him. 译文：当他不得不说话时，他突然失去了信心。
2。It seems that a very difficult decision now faces him.
译文：他好象面临着困难的抉择。
四：当有灵动词是某些感官动词，如：see，witness，speak，tell等时，保留无灵主语，引申动词词义。比如，有时可把谓语动词引申为含有“显示”，“表明”，“产生”等意义的词。
例如：The blood-stained glove told of the bandit's crime.
译文：血迹斑斑的手套就是匪徒的罪证。
五：重新确定主语，引申动词词义。
例如：It is generally felt that his appointment was a grave mistake.
译文：现在许多人觉得，当时对他的任命是个严重的错误。
六：译成汉语的无主句。
例如：Rumors had already spread along the street.
译文：大街小巷早就传遍了各种流言蜚语。
七：由于汉语“无灵主语”与“有灵动词”搭配通常被用作一种修辞手段----拟人化，所以有些句子我们不妨也采用“拟人化”的汉语句型来表达。
例如：Don't talk to me about no opportunity any more ,opportunity's knocking down every door in the country ,trying to get in.
译文：别说什么机会难逢，机会正在国内挨家挨户敲门，想要进去呢。此外，英语的“there be”句式及用不定代词“one”作主语的句子也具有非人称倾向，汉译时仍可采用上面提到的技巧。
例如：In 1955,there was a strike participated by six thousand workers.
译文：1955年，六千名工人举行了一次罢工。
如何做好四、六级英译汉题目
英译汉时应注意以下几个方面1．总的原则（1）翻译时既要忠实于原文，又要符合汉语的习惯（2）翻译不可太拘泥。拘泥、刻板的翻译因死守原文语言形式而损害了原文思想内容。好的译文应该是形式与内容的统一（3）能够直译尽量不意译（4）翻译的过程应该是先理解后表达。现就这一点作进一步论述。
2．结合英文写作特点对语言进行整体理解首先，英文段落的首句一般为topicsentence，然后展开说明。展开的写法有多种，可分可总，可下定义，可同义重复，可以代词复指等。利用这一技巧，先通读全文，便能更好的理解文章的意思，把握段与段之间的关系，在翻
译时就能在上下文中确定词义，从而进行准确的翻译.
其次，就具体而言：（1）对词的理解可以从构思法、词的搭配关系和词汇之间的逻辑关系等方面入手（2）对句子的理解可以从句子的内在逻辑、成分之间的从属关系和句子的语法组成等方面来实现（3）对于长句，可采用如下译法：顺译法：按照原文顺序译逆续法：顺序与原文顺序相反重复法：重复前一个词分译法：一个句子分成几个部分来翻译括号法：在译文后加括号进行解释和说明等终合法：综合运用上述各种方法
3．表达正确理解原文后，还要通过适当的翻译技巧用规范的汉语表达出来。这些技巧有：（1）增词法。根据需要增加一些词语，如名词等（2）减词法。根据汉语习惯，删去一些词（3）肯否表达法。原文为肯定句，译成汉语是为增强修饰效果，可以译为否定句。反之亦然（4）变换法，名词译成动词或动词转译成名词等（5）分合法。一个长句可分成若干部分来译，或者把原文的几个简单句用一个句子表达出来。（6）省略法：两种语言由于存在差异，表达时不可能总是对等，经常可以省略一些词和句子成分，如英语中的冠词汉语里没有，译时可以省略
4．应试中还应注意的问题（1）词的指代问题要搞清楚（2）汉语知识的应用，如修辞等（3）部分否定和否定重点。部分否定，
如notall;否定重点，如I don't teach becauseIhaveknowledge.(我并非因为有知识才去教书)。否定重点为because,而不是teach。（4）虚拟语气。这种语法现象有时并非只表示字面意思，它经常有感情色彩，译时要注意。（5）要认真地通读全文，根据上下文来确定词义、句意，切不可断章取义，望文生义.
5．核对原文既要核对译文是否准确、通顺，还要注意关键词的采分点。同时不要忘记全文结构的表达，这部分还有0.5分呢。
大学英语精读4英译汉练习答案
TEST YOURSELF 1 16.他们竭尽全力把新闻泄漏(news leakage)的后果减少到最低限度。 They went to great lengths to minimize the consequence of the news leakage. 17.你理应懂得不该积下这么多的债务。 17. You should have known better than to accumulate such large amounts of debt. 18.不管是谁想出这么奇妙的主意，他都应该有权在这个委员会上获得一个席位。 18. Whoever conceived the marvelous idea is entitled to a seat on the committee. 19.如果你从现在起每个月存上几块钱，不到30岁你就有一笔可观的存款可用了。 19.If you deposit a few dollars/bucks every month from now on, you'll have considerable savings to draw on before you reach 30. 20. 那个经济学家说如果利率调高几个点经济就会放缓，我看这是夸张。 … 20. I think the economist was exaggerating when he said the economy would slow down if the interest rates were raised a few points. 11.当朱莉娅·罗伯茨出现在舞台上向观众讲话时，大家热烈鼓掌，接着，照相机的灯光闪个不停。 11. When Julia Roberts appeared on the stage to address the audience, there was hearty applause followed by flashing cameras. 12.因为从来没有接触过高维的概念，讨论中使用的这些新术语把他弄得糊里糊涂。 12. Never having been exposed to the concept of higher dimensions, he was baffled by all the new terms used in the discussion. 13.人类为稳定环境要做的努力决非仅仅是减少排放到大气里的二氧化碳的数量。 13. Man's endeavor to stabilize the environment entails much more than simply reducing the amount of carbon dioxide poured into the atmosphere. 14. 如果人们被剥夺了有意义的工作，他们将会失去自己的个性意识。 14. If people are deprived of any meaningful employment, they will lose their sense of identity. 15. 人类在追求更好的生活条件的时候，应该约束自己不要毁灭其他的物种。 】 15. Man should refrain from destroying other species in his pursuit of better living conditions. 16.如果我们将这些奇妙的主意付诸实施，我们就会在工作中取得给人以深刻印象的进步。 If we put these fantastic ideas to work, we will make impressive in our work. 17.如果你作此让步，你不久就会为此付出代价。 If you make the concession, you’ll soon have to pay foe it. 18.他视力不好，致使他没有能看到远处的小孩。 His poor vision contributed to his failure to spot the child in the distance. 19.我们正在设法想出解决这些紧迫问题的办法。 We are trying to figure out a solution to these urgent problems. 20.政府正在采取这些措施，希望将飞涨的房价降下来。 — The government is taking these measures in hopes of bringing down the soaring price of houses.
汉译英在线翻译句子
[标签:标题] 篇一：2015汉译英句子翻译(包括参考译文) 2015年汉译英综合练习 1. 她就是这样风里来，雨里去，成年累月地工作着。 This is how she carries on her work, rain or shine, all the year round. 2. 西湖如明镜，千峰凝翠，洞壑幽深，风光奇丽。 The West Lake is like a mirror, embellished all around with emerald hills and deep caves of enchanting beauty. 3. 但我就是这个脾气，虽然几经努力，却未能改变过来。 But it’s the way I am, and try as I might, I haven’t been able to change it. 4. 一踏上中华人民共和国国土，我们就随时随地地受到关怀和照顾。 From the moment we stepped into the People’s Republic of China, care and kindness surrounded us on every side. 5. 袭人道：“一百年还记得呢！比不得你，拿着我的话当耳边风，夜里说了，早起就忘了。”“I’ll remember it if I live to be a hundred!”said Aroma. “I am not like you, letting what I say go in at one ear and out at the other forgetting what’s said at night by the next morning.” 6. 要制造飞机，就必须仔细考虑空气阻力问题。 Air resistance must be given careful consideration when the aircraft is to be made. 7. 为什么总把这些麻烦事推给我呢？ Why should all the unpleasant jobs be pushed onto me? 8. 只有在我过于劳累，在我长时间无间断地工作，在我感到内心空虚，需要补充精神营养 的时候，我才感到寂寞。 I am lonely when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty and need filling up. 9. 中国成功地爆炸了第一颗原子弹，在全世界引起了巨大的反响。 The successful explosion of the first atomic bomb in China caused great repercussions all over the world. 10. 我们应该实行国民经济信息化和科研成果产业化。 We should build an information-based national economy and apply scientific research achievements to industrial production. 11. 你说的倒轻巧，你也给我捧个奖杯回来。 You talk as if it were very simple. Why not try yourself and see if you can bring back a trophy, too? 12. 中国应该用实践向世界表明，中国反对霸权主义、强权政治、永不称霸。 China should show the world through actions that she is opposed to hegemonism and power politics and will never seek hegemony. 13. 中国明朝的著名旅行家徐霞客一生周游考察了16个省，足迹几乎遍布全国。 Xu Xiake, a great traveler in China’s Ming Dynasty, visited 16 provinces in his lifetime, leaving his footprints in nearly every corner of the country. 14. 阿Q将衣服摔在地上，吐一口唾沫，说：“这毛虫”！ Ah Q flung his jacket on the ground, spat, and swore, “Hairy worm!”
汉译英重要句型
43. I‘m wondering why he hasn’t turned _____ at the meeting. A. down B. up C. out D. over 44. Contrary _____popular belief，moderate exercise actually decreases your appetite. A. on B. at C. against D. to 45. _____ the storm，we have to postpone the flight. A. Owing to B. Thanks to C. Because D. As 46. By using both ears one can tell the direction _____ a sound comes. A. in which B. from which C. over which D. with which 47. When she worked with the government，she _____ the difficult task of monitoring elections. A. overworked B. overtook C. underwent D. undertook 48. Apparently，it wasn‘t an accident. Someone must have done it on _____. A. intention B. determination C. purpose D. reason 49. _____ conclusion，walking is a cheap，safe and enjoyable form of exercise. A. In B. On C. By D. As
大学英语精读4汉译英翻译总结
Unit1 1．我知道，不管发生什么情况，我都可以依靠兄弟的支持 2．一般来说，年轻的一代与老一辈不同，他们对现在而不是过去更感兴趣。但这两代人如果不互相尊重对方的需求，就都会遭受损失。 3．中国的书面文字是国家完整统一的一个重要因素。 4．在中国的传统艺术和文学中，竹子和松树往往象征着道德上的正直和刚正不阿。 5．女皇伊丽莎白一世统治英国45年。在她统治时期，国家十分繁荣昌盛。 6．民主意味着多数人来治理；但不仅如此，尊重少数人反对的权利也是民主不可分的一部分。这两条规则同等重要。 7．一个国家不可能强大，除非她不但在地狸上，而且在政治、经济和文化上都是一个整体。 8．晚会十分乏味，所以他就偷偷溜出房间回家了。可是雨后的路非常泥泞，他脚下一滑，掉进了沟里 9．她身体糟糕到了这种程度，以至于冬天都不敢见太阳，怕中暑。 10．有一天晚上，我正在一家小饭馆里借酒浇愁，他突然走了过来，往我手里塞了一沓钞票。
1.诸葛亮装作十分镇静，成功地瞒过了司马懿，使他不知道这座城实际上是没有守卫的空城。他证明了自己值得 受到人们的崇拜和尊敬。 2.他知道大战在即，而且他的军队和敌人众寡悬殊，所以他假装正在迅速往后方撤退。实际上他是在给的敌人准 备一个大陷阱。 3.社会达尔文主义者认为我们可以把人类社会比作动物世界。他们脑袋里似乎没有想过人和动物会有不同。人所 依靠的是他们的头脑，而不是动物本性。 4.这种大规模养殖的鸡和我们以前家养的鸡没法比。现在的养鸡场也许提高了产量，但鸡的美味给弄没了。 5.金融泡沫的最后破灭造成了席卷全球的严重危机。 6.由于我们的价格优势，我们今年向那个地区的出口与去年同期同比增长了30％。 7.记者们有一大堆问题要问，但政府发言人说，她所知道的只是大约30多个持枪的恐怖分子突然闯进剧院的时候 人们正在看话剧。 8.当犯人们突然放声歌唱的时候，监狱长十分恐慌。 9.这个地区遍布工厂，而且整个岛上到处都是度假村。但是已经有迹象表明很多当地百姓将起来反对这种趋势。 10.他宣布，反叛者如果放下武器，就能得到宽恕。
句子翻译练习(汉译英)
一、翻译下列句子，注意选词： 1.人民现在为什么拥护我们？就是这十几年有发展。 2.由于全球气候变暖，海平面在一点点地上升。 3.改革开放也使民族精神获得了解放。 4.我们的企业应着重提高国际竞争力。 5.中国的现代化建设离不开与世界各国的经济合作与贸易往来。 6.湖区水位提高可能要危及竹子的生长。这意味着以竹子为食物的大熊猫也将 受到威胁。 参考译文： 1.Why do people support us? Because our economy has been developing. 2.The sea level is rising little by little in the consequence of global warming. 3.Reforms and the open policy have also emancipated the minds of the people. 4.We need to be enhancing international competitiveness. 5.China’s modernization is inseparable from her economic cooperation and trade ties with other nations. 6.Higher water levels in the lake area may endanger the growing of bamboos, which means giant pandas that feed on these plants will suffer, too. 二、物称与人称（翻译下列句子，注意运用物称表达法） 我想到希望，忽然害怕起来了。 他气得话也说不出来。 我一时想不起他的名字。 我疏忽了这个问题。 我兴奋得什么话都说不出来。 走过草地几步，我们就到了一个华丽的大酒店。 你只消仔细比较一下，就会发现不同。 一看到那棵大树，我便想起了童年的情景。 恕我孤陋寡闻，对此关系一无所知。 凭良心讲，你待我礼貌有加，我却受之有愧。 参考译文： The access of hope made me suddenly afraid. Anger choked his words. His name escaped me for the moment. This point slipped my attention. Excitement deprived me of all power of utterance. A few steps across the lawn brought me to a large, splendid hotel.
英译汉句子练习
TEXT 41 The bane ofItaly 祸起意大利（陈继龙编译） Jun29th 2006 FromThe Economist print edition ALEXANDER STILLE'S new book on Silvio Berlusconi, the flamboyant[1]former Italian prime minister, is neither a b________①nor a work of investigative journalism.Its real value is that it represents the first attempt, in English at least, to recount in a readable fashion the story, not of Mr Berlusconi himself, but of Berlusconi-ism. （1）That gives it a wide appeal, for, as its author argues persuasively, Berlusconi-ism is the extrapolation[2]to grotesque[3] extremes of a phenomenon that has gradually, and all too imperceptibly, become widespread. 亚历山大·斯蒂莱的新作写的是个性张扬的意大利前任总理西尔维奥·贝鲁斯科尼，但它并非是一本传记，也不是新闻调查作品。其真正的价值在于，它首次尝试以一种可读性较强的风格，记述了“贝鲁斯科尼主义”而不是贝鲁斯科尼的生平。这也是本书独具魅力之所在，因为诚如作者很有说服力地论证的那样，“贝鲁斯科尼主义”是对某种现象怪诞至极时的推论，这种现象日趋普遍而所有人却都浑然不觉。 Mr Stille is at his best when he describes how a man with a corporation with billions of dollars of d_______②succeeded in less than eight months, between 1993 and 1994, in turning himself into his country's leader. （2）Along the way, he identifies various keysto Mr Berlusconi's success. 斯蒂莱先生最出彩的描写是，一个拥有一家债台高筑的公司的人，如何在1993年至1994年间的短短8个月内，成功地使自己成为国家领导人。他在书中一一揭示了贝鲁斯科尼的成功要诀。 TEXT 40 Selling the sage of Qufu 推销孔圣人（陈继龙编译） Jul6th 2006 | TOKYO FromThe Economist print edition
20个重点汉译英句型
20个重点汉译英句型 1、There be 有迹象表明，不少工厂正面临着十分困难的局面。 There are indications that numerous factories are faced with a very difficult situation 二、形式主语 例：玛丽觉得毕．靠自己的力量执行她的计划是困难的。 Mary thought it difficult to carry out her plan all by herself. 三、Not h i n g b ut··· 例：艾米过去除了咖啡什么都不喝。 Amy used to drink nothing but coffee. 四、发现(看见＼听见)谁做什么 例：亚当斯先生发现他1 3岁的儿子正从他的皮夹子里偷钱时大为震惊。 Mr. Adams was greatly shocked to find his 13-year-old son stealing money from his wallet. 五、动词不定式的否定式 例：他努力控制住自己的感情，假装没有听见那个令人悲痛的消息。 With an effort, he held in his feelings and pretended not to hear the sad news. 1、表手段 例：作者想通过这篇文章向读者传达她对赞扬与批评的看法。 Through the article the author wants to convey to the readers her views on praise and criticism. 七、比较结构 例：他比任何对手的得分都高得多，证明他不愧为一个胜利者。 He scored far more points / much higher than any of his rivals and proved himself a worthy winner 例：我们常常发现，运用一个规律比懂的它要难的多。 We often find it much more difficult to apply a rule than to know it 八、Ca n，t h e I p···d o i n g a b o ut 例：她读这部小说时，不禁想起了她在农村度过的那五年。 When she read the novel, she couldn’t help thinking of the five years she had spent in the countryside. 九、连续性动词。 例：我正忙着做一种新的捕鼠装置时，马克走来拖着我出去看花展了。 I was busy making a new device for catching rats when Mark came and dragged me out to a flowers show. 十、b efo r e句型 例：我想先和你讨论一下这篇文章的英译稿，然后再把它寄给霍布斯先生。
英译汉指导：大学英语四级考试翻译练习八
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.360docs.net/doc/e412408230.html,/ielts/xd.html（报名网址） 练习八 Directions: Read the underlined sentences carefully, and then translate them into Chinese. You may check your answers after you finish them. Passage One As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Account Department is responsible for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay. If a firm wants to adopt a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a method of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be successful, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is given a value, usually in “points”, which are added together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their ability to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without reference to an evaluation system based on points. In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should compare the value of each job with those in the job market. It should also consider economic factors such as the cost of living and the labour supply. It is necessary that payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the work done with the hands, monetary（金钱的）encouragement schemes are often chosen, for indirect workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed. Passage Two I came across an old country guide the other day. It listed all the tradesmen in each village in my part of the country, and it was impressive to see the great variety of services which were available on one’s own doorstep in the late Victorian countryside. Nowadays a superficial traveller in rural England might conclude that the only village tradesmen still flourishing were either selling frozen food to the inhabitants or selling antiques to visitors. Nevertheless, this would really be a false impression. Admittedly there has been a contraction of village commerce, but its vigor is still remarkable. Our local grocer’s shop, for example, is actually expanding in spite of the competition from supermarkets in the nearest town. Women sensibly prefer to go there and exchange the local news while doing their shopping, instead of queuing up
高中汉译英句子翻译中英文99句
B5M1(句子翻译) 1.It_doesn’t_matter_whether you will attend the party or not. 你来不来参加派对并不重要。 2.Many students are hot on playing computer games, while Wang Chen likes playing Weiqi. 许多学生热衷于电脑游戏，而王琛却喜欢下围棋。 .They have a lot in common and get along well with each other. 3.他们有很多相同之处，相处得很融洽。 .They are twin sisters, yet they have_little_in_common in their hobbies. 4.她们是孪生姐妹，但是她们的业余爱好几乎没有相同之处。 .In_common_with other companies, they advertise widely as well. 5.和其他公司一样，他们也广泛地做广告。 .One false step will make a great difference. 6.失之毫厘，谬以千里。 .The twins look so similar that you can hardly tell_the_difference_between them. 7.这对双胞胎看起来太像了，你简直无法把他们区分开来。 .It might be obvious to you, but it isn’t to me. 8.这对你来说也许很容易理解，但对我却并非如此。 .It_is_obvious_that the two Englishes have much in common. 9.很显然，这两种英语有很多共同之处。 .Obviously (obvious), American spelling is simpler than British spelling. 10很显然，美式拼写要比英式拼写简单。 .Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news gets around quickly. 11.好事不出门，坏事传千里。 .It’s time I got down to some serious work. 12.我该认真干点正事了。 .I tried ringing you several times yesterday but I couldn’t get through. 13.昨天我试着给你打过几次电话，但是没有打通。 .A man in confusion (confuse) cannot focus on the required work. 14.思绪混乱的人不可能集中精力做他被要求做的工作。 ③The confused look on his face suggested that he was confused about the confusing questions asked by his parents.(confuse) 15.他脸上迷惑的表情表明他对父母问的那些令人迷惑的问题感到困惑。 They confused me by asking so many confusing questions. I was totally confused, standing there in confusion, not knowing what to do.
如何做好英译汉
如何做好xx 英译汉是运用汉语把英语所表达的思想准确而完整地重新表达出来的语言活动。而英译汉的过程则是正确理解英语原文和创造性地用汉语再现英语原文的过程，在英译汉的过程中，有两点值得我们特别地注意： （1）汉语所要表达的是英语原文的内容，即句子或文章的意义，而不是句子结构； （2）在翻译过程中，英语原文的内容要准确而完整地重新表达出来，而不是将两种语言结构进行简单的转换。 英译汉的过程包括理解，分析句架表达和校核三个阶段，理解是表达的前提，若不能正确地理解原文就谈不上确切的表达，但理解与表达通常是互相联系，往返反复的过程，在进行汉语表达的时候，又可以进一步加深对原文的理解，因此，在英译汉的过程中，往往需要考生从英语到汉语，再从汉语到英语反复的推敲。 一、理解 理解阶段的目的在于读懂英语原文，弄清原文的意思。 （1）通读全文。 （2）分析句子结构。中国的英语学习者往往具有非常好的英语语法知识，在做翻译试题时也应充分发挥和利用这一优势。在分句子结构时，我们要注意首先把句子的主语、谓语和宾语找出来，这样句子的骨干结构也就清楚了，在分析句子的骨干结构时还应该注意分析句子中成分是否有省略的地方，主句和从句之间的关系是否明确等等。 （3）理解句子含义。理解句子的依据除了句子本身之外，还有该句子所处的具体的语言环境。在此阶段应清楚下列问题：A.句子中是否含有代词和其他具有指代意义的词，如果有，应根据上下文确定它们指代的内容是什么；B.句子中的短语和一些常用的词往往具有多种含义和用法，那么，在该句中它们的具体含义是什么；C.按照你的理解，该部分的意义是否与全篇文章的内容一致，有无相互矛盾。总之，在动手翻译之前，首先要读懂原文，不要一上来就急于动
大学英语四英译汉整理
0493《大学英语四》英译汉复习题 1. He has taught English in this university ever since he moved to this city. 答案：他自从移居到这座城市以来就一直在这所大学教英语。 2. Trees need water to grow.答案：树木有水才能生长。 3. In no other country in the world can you find such plants as this one. 答案：像这样的植物在世界上的其他任何一个国家都找不到。 4. Each time history repeats itself, the price goes up. 答案：历史每重演一次，代价就增加一分。 5. There is a large amount of energy wasted due to friction(摩擦). 答案：由于摩擦而损耗了大量的能量。 6. Apples here like water and sunshine.答案：这里的苹果喜欢水和阳光。 7. John and his brother differ in personality even if their differences in age are not significant. 答案：尽管约翰和他哥哥在年纪上相差不大，但他们的个性却不相同。 8. In an age of plenty, we feel spiritually hungry. 答案：在这个物质财富充裕的时代，我们感到精神上的饥渴。 9. We should encourage him to have confidence in himself. 答案：我们应当鼓励他对自己要有信心。 11. Various substances differ widely in their magnetic（磁性的）characteristics.答案：各种材料的磁性有很大的不同。 13. It’s very important to maintain your current weight through exercise and healthy eating. 答案：通过锻炼和健康饮食来保持你目前的体重是非常重要的。 14. He was very happy to hear from his old friend. 答案：他很高兴收到他的老朋友的信。 15. It normally takes a semester for a college freshman to adjust to his college life.答案：大学新生一般需要花一个学期来适应大学生活。 16. I would appreciate it if you would just let me deal with this case. 答案：如果你能让我独自处理这桩案件，我将不胜感激。 18. If you decided to learn a new language, you would have to devote all your efforts to it.答案：如果你决定学一门新的语言，你必须全力以赴。 22. Young persons under twenty-five make up nearly half of the American population.答案：25岁以下的年轻人几乎占了美国人口的一半。 23. Would you mind waiting outside?答案：请你在外面等，好吗？ 24. When she got home that evening, she showed her husband the beautiful hat she had bought. 答案：那天傍晚她回家后，给丈夫看她买的那顶漂亮的帽子。 25. People usually hate mice, but one mouse won the hearts of the people all over the world. 答案：人们通常憎恶老鼠，但这只老鼠却赢得了全世界人们的心。 26. Do you mind my smoking here?答案：我在这里吸烟，你介意吗？ 27. He's growing more like his father now.答案：他现在愈长愈像他的父亲。 28. I have no idea what to say.答案：我不知道说什么好。 29. Traveling by train is slower than by plane, but it has its advantages. 答案：乘火车旅行比乘飞机旅行慢，但有它的优势。 30. Air pollution is more serious than water pollution. 答案：空气污染比水污染更严重。 31. The teacher came earlier than expected(预期).答案：老师来得比预期的早。 32. I feel satisfied with my life.答案：我对生活感到满意。 33. He doesn't like the way you talk to him.答案：他不喜欢你和他说话的样子。 34. He has a foreign friend who lives in America.他有一个住在美国的外国朋友。 35. Take an umbrella with you in case of rain.答案：带上雨伞以防下雨。 36. He asks me to stay in the room till he comes back. 答案：他让我呆在屋里等他回来。 37. Talking for a long time makes me tired.答案：长时间的谈话使我感到疲倦。 38. I had no choice.答案：我别无选择。 39. They were sitting in the park, playing cards.答案：他们坐在公园里打扑克。 40. It's still raining today!答案：今天还在下雨。 41. Did you go fishing with your friends last Sunday? 答案：上周日你与你的朋友去钓鱼了？ 42. I feel lonely without you.答案：没有你我感到孤独。 43. Who's going to answer the door?答案：谁去开门？ 44. Were there any phone calls for me while I was out? 答案：我不在时，有人打电话给我吗？ 45. I'll be waiting for you at the library this time tomorrow. 答案：我明天这时候在图书馆等你。 46. The earthquake in Sichuan made Chinese people unite as one. 答案：发生在四川的地震使全中国人民团结的像一个人似的。 47. I'm looking forward to your visit to China.答案：我在盼望你对中国的访问。 48. I didn't hear what you said to him.答案：我没听见你对他说的是什么. 49. Who's going to answer the telephone?答案：谁去接电话？51. Jim will go to his teacher whenever he has questions. 答案：吉姆一有问题就找他的老师。 52. I have a pain in my back.答案：我的背疼。 53. Beijing Olympic Games can make Chinese people work harder. 答案：北京奥林匹克运动会使得中国人民更加努力工作。 54. Do you still have anything that you don't understand? 答案：你还有什么不懂的吗? 55. I'm having a headache now.答案：我现在有点头疼。 56. I'm sure we'll have a good time.答案：我相信我们会很开心的。 57. I knocked on his door but nobody came to answer it. 答案：我敲了他的门，但没人来开门。 58. Most students feel satisfied with the progress they’ve made. 答案：大多数学生对自己所取得的进步感到满意。 59. The People's Republic of China (PRC), founded on October 1, 1949, covers an area of 9.6 million square kilometers. 答案：中华人民共和国成立于1949年10月1日，国土面积约960万平方公里。60. People all over the world are trying to help the people in the quake-stricken areas.答案：全世界人民都在尽力帮助遭受地震地区的人民。 61. Both Ann and Mary are suitable for the job.：安妮和玛丽都适合干这项工作。 62. What kind of life do most people enjoy?答案：多数人喜欢什么样的生活？ 63. My classmate is much cleverer than I.答案：我的同学比我聪明多了。 64. The friend saw everything but did not say a single word. 答案：这位朋友看到了一切，却一言不发。 65. I hope we can have some snow this winter.答案：我希望今年冬天会下点雪。 66. Could you tell me where the post office is?答案：请问邮局在哪里？ 67. Are you fond of music?答案：你喜欢音乐吗？ 68. I've lost interest in my work.答案：我对这份工作已经失去了兴趣。 69. Life is meaningless without a purpose.答案：没有目标的生活是毫无意义的。 70. The traffic jams during morning and afternoon rush hours are a headache in big cities now.答案：上下班高峰期的交通拥挤问题是大城市目前的一个棘手问题。 71. Bill hit his car into a wall last night.答案：昨晚比尔开车时车撞到了墙上。74. Fred was such a hardworking student that he soon came out first in the class弗瑞德是一个学习十分用功的学生，所以不久他就成了班里学习最好的学生。 75. I was having a nap when suddenly the telephone rang. 答案：我在睡觉时，电话铃突然响了。 78. Would you please help me with this heavy box? 答案：你能帮我抬一下这个沉箱子吗？ 79. You needn’t go there anymore. He already knows about it. 答案：你不必去了，他已经知道那件事了。 80. A lot of natural resources in the mountain area will be exploited and used. 答案：那个山区有许多自然资源有待于开发利用。 81. The more passions we have, the more happiness we are likely to experience.答案：我们的激情越多，我们有可能体验的快乐就越多。 82. A friend of mine from high school is working in England now. 答案：我高中的一个朋友目前在英格兰工作。 83. There is a large amount of energy wasted due to friction(摩擦). 答案：由于摩擦而损耗了大量的能量。 84. My idea is that this experiment should be stopped. 答案：我的意见是这个实验应该停止。 85. He is the only Chinese who has ever won the award. 答案：他是唯一获得过这个荣誉的中国人。 86. We should keep it in mind that our country is a developing one. 答案：我们应牢记在心，我国是一个发展中的国家。 87. Don't believe whatever he tells you.答案：无论他告诉你什么都不要相信。 88. It is well known that coal is an important source of energy. 答案：众所周知，煤炭是重要的能源。 89. It has not been decided yet whether they will take part in our experiment. 答案：他们是否参加我们的试验还没有决定。 90. Three hundred dollars is not enough to buy this typewriter. 答案：买这台打字机300美元不够。 91. About half of the fruit is ripe.答案：大约有一半的水果已经成熟了。 92. I'll have to try using the search engines.答案：我得试着用这个搜索引擎。 93. You can buy water inside.答案：你可以在里面买水喝。 94. These goods are not up to standard.答案：这些商品未达到标准。 95. Does the computer have instructions on it?答案：电脑上面有使用说明吗？ 96. I enjoyed this meal thoroughly.答案：我非常喜欢这顿饭。 97. I think the picture shows us how fruit is necessary to life. 答案：我想这幅图是告诉我们水果对生活是不可缺的。 98. I don't know who broke the window.答案：我不知道谁打破了窗户。 99. It is known to all that exercises are good for health. 答案：众所周知，锻炼有益于健康。