出租车计价器毕业论文

201 届毕业设计说明书模板基于单片机的出租车计价器设计

院、部：电气与信息工程学院

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专业：电子信息工程

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摘要

随着时代的发展，出租车已经成为一个城市公共交通的重要组成部分。出租车计价器是出租车营运收费的专用智能化仪表，是出租车不可缺少的重要工具。它是乘客和司机的交易准则，关系到交易双方的利益。多年来国普遍使用的计价器只具备单一的计量功能，随着出租车行业的日渐发展,从加强行业管理以及减少与乘客的纠纷出发,这种单一功能计价器越来越不能满足人们的需要。因此出租车计价器的技术也在不断改进与创新，设计出良好性能的多功能出租车计价器显得尤为重要。

本设计利用单片机AT89S52 为核心设计一款多功能出租车计价器,通过A44E霍尔传感器检测出租车运行里程，脉冲的提取。运用单片机实现对液晶显示LM016L的控制,同时完成整个出租车计价器信号的读、写处理。由于仿真中无法实现A44E霍尔传感器，在仿真中以脉冲发生器代替，用不同频率的脉冲模拟不同的车速，根据每秒传送的脉冲数程序判别汽车是处于高速行驶还是等待状态，自动跳转到通过计程计费还是计时计费。该计价器能实现里程与计价显示、时钟显示等功能。它比市场上的一些计价器使用更方便, 功能更全，能为加强出租车行业管理提供可靠的依据。采用单片机进行的设计，相对采用模拟电路和数字电路设计的计价器来说功能更为强大，用较少的硬件和适当的软件相互配合可以很容易地实现设计要求，且灵活性强，不但能通过软件编程实现所要求的功能而且能在很大的程度上扩展功能，还可以方便的对系统进行升级。

关键词：出租车计价器；单片机；液晶显示；霍尔传感器

ABSTRACT

With the development of the times, has become a city taxi important part of public transportation. Taxi meter taxi operating costs is dedicated intelligent instruments, is an important and indispensable tool for a taxi. It is the passengers and the driver's trading standards related to the interests of both parties. For many years, widespread use of the meter have only a single measurement functions, with the gradual development of the taxi industry, from management to strengthen the industry as well as reduce disputes with passengers starting, this single-function meter increasingly unable to meet people's needs . Therefore taxi meter technology is constantly improving and innovation, design a good performance multifunctional taxi meter is particularly important.

This design uses a single-chip AT89S52 as the core design Multifunctional taxi meter, taxi via Hall sensor A44E running mileage, pulse extraction. Use MCU for LCD LM016L control, while completing the entire taxi meter signal read-write process. As the simulation can not be achieved A44E Hall sensor, in the simulation instead of a pulse generator, at a different frequency pulses simulate different speed, according tot he number of pulses transmitted per second discriminating process at high speed or the car is in a wait state, automatically jump By the meter to billing or time billing. The meter can achieve mileage and valuation display, clock display. It is on the market than some of the meter easier to use, more feature-full, able to strengthen the management of the taxi industry to provide a reliable basis. Using single-chip design, the relative use of analog and digital circuit design meter is more powerful, with less hardware and appropriate software can easily complement each other to achieve the design requirements, and flexibility, not only through software programming to achieve the required functionality and can to a large extent on the expansion of functions, you can easily up grade the system.

Key words: multifunctional taximeter; micro controller; lcd; hall sensor

目录

1 绪论 (1)

1.1 本研究课题的背景及意义 (1)

1.2 出租车计价器发展历程 (1)

1.3 出租车计价器国外发展现状及发展趋势 (2)

1.4 论文的研究工作和组织结构 (3)

2 多功能出租车计价器的硬件系统设计 (4)

2.1 总体设计思想与方案论证 (4)

2.1.1 设计思想 (4)

2.1.2 方案选择 (5)

2.1.3 实现功能 (5)

2.2 主系统设计 (5)

2.3 单片机最小系统 (6)

2.4 按键模块的设计 (6)

2.5 显示模块的设计 (7)

2.6 A44E霍尔传感器检测单元的设计 (9)

2.7 实时时钟电路设计 (9)

3 多功能出租车计价器的软件系统设计 (12)

3.1 设计课题使用单片机资源的情况 (12)

3.2 主程序的设计 (12)

3.3 键盘程序的设计 (13)

3.4 外部中断子程序 (14)

3.5 显示程序的设计 (15)

3.6 路程计算程序设计 (15)

4 系统仿真及调试 (17)

4.1 Keil uVision4程序调试 (17)

4.2 系统仿真算法 (17)

4.2.1 模拟车速算法 (17)

4.2.2 仿真计费算法 (18)

4.3 系统仿真及仿真结果 (18)

4.3.1 仿真设置 (19)

4.3.2 模拟仿真结果 (20)

结束语 (22)

致 (23)

参考文献 (24)

附录一：程序 (26)