第三讲 词性转换(构词法)
第三讲词性转换(构词法) [思维导图
]
一、动词、形容词转化为名词的规律
1．动词变名词的后缀
后缀例词
－ion/－tion/ －sion/－ation correct→correction改正
celebrate→celebration 庆祝；庆祝会attract→attraction 吸引
conclude→conclusion 结论；结束discuss→discussion 讨论；辩论decide→decision 决定
admit→admission 接纳；准许入学invite→invitation 邀请
explain→explanation 解释graduate→graduation 毕业
expect→expectation 期望
－er/－or drive→driver司机；驾驶员
gather→gatherer 收集者；采集者
teach→teacher 老师
announce→announcer 广播员
conduct→conductor 指挥；售票员－ment punish→punishment惩罚
achieve→achievement 功绩；成就
2.形容词变名词的后缀
二、名词、动词转化为形容词的规律
fool→foolish
愚蠢的；可笑的
self→selfish
自私的
－ic science→scientific 科学的
energy→energetic 精力充沛的
[名师指津] －ed形容词多表示主语所处的状态，意为“感到……的”，通常修饰人；－ing形容词多表示主语所具有的特征，意为“令人……的”，通常修饰物或事。
三、形容词转化为副词的规律
类别例词
直接加－ly clear→clearly清楚地
great→greatly 很，大大地
以辅音字母＋y结尾的形容词，变y为i再加－ly happy→happily高兴地heavy→heavily 沉重地
词尾为ble/le的形容词，去掉e，再加－y terrible→terribly可怕地gentle→gently 轻轻地
词尾为ue的形容词，去掉e再加－ly true→truly真实地
词尾为ll的形容词，直接加－y full→fully充分地
du ll→dully 迟钝地
词尾为－ic的形容词，加－ally basic→basically 主要地
scientific→ scientifically 合乎科学地
厘清两种情况，突破词性转换
1．名词在句中作宾语，被冠词或形容词或形容词性物主代词所修饰
[例1] She is determined to carry on with her________(educate)．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ) [分析] education[前面有形容词性物主代词her，此处应该使用动词educate的名词形式education作宾语。]
[例2] Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C.，influenced the________(develop)of chopsticks.(2016·全
国卷Ⅲ)
[分析] development[根据空前面的the和空后面的of可知，此处需要名词。] 2．形容词在句中作定语，常放在名词之前
[例3] It was a relief and I came to a ________(sudden) stop just in the middle of the road.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ改编)
[分析] sudden[此处需要用形容词修饰后面的名词stop，表示“突然的停止”。] 3．形容词在句中作表语，常放在be，get，become，remain等系动词后
[例4] At one time，I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be ________ (free) from them.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ改编)
[分析] free[此处需要用形容词作表语。be free from them“摆脱他们”。]
4．形容词在句中作宾语补足语，之前常有使役动词、感官动词或介词with加名词或代词
[例5] As I walked，I looked up，trying to realize what made this day so ________(beauty)．
[分析] beautiful[使役动词make之后跟复合宾语，用形容词作宾语补足语。] 5．副词在句中修饰动词
[例6] The title will be________(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)
[分析] officially[此处表示(大使)这个头衔将在伦敦的一个仪式上正式授予给我。分析句子结构可知，应该使用副词officially作状语修饰动词given。] 6．副词在句中修饰形容词或其他副词
[例7] Dad and I were ________(terrible) worried.(全国卷Ⅱ改编)
[分析] terribly[此处应用副词terribly修饰形容词worried。]
7．副词用在句首，修饰整个句子，表示状态、原因等
[例8] ________(lucky)，he also had a cow which produced milk every day.(广东高考)
[分析] Luckily[此处为副词用于句首，表示状态。]
8．要特别注意有使役用法的动词的分词形式用作形容词时的区别。
如amazed常修饰人的内心感受，表示“吃惊的”；amazing常修饰事物，表示“令
人吃惊的”。
[例9] There were many people waiting at the bus stop，and some of them looked very anxious and________(disappoint)．(新课标全国卷Ⅱ)
[分析] disappointed[disappointed和前面的anxious并列，表示人的内心活动，应使用－ed形式的形容词，此处表示“他们中有些人看起来既焦虑又失望”。]
词形变化是重点，注意特殊形式和变化特点：以－e结尾加－ly，切记true需把－e去；－ble，－ple都是去－e把－y加。另外需注意形副同形词。
[例10] Instead，he hopes that his business will grow ________(steady)．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ改编)
[分析] steadily[谓语动词grow是不及物动词，意为“增长，增强”，此处应该使用副词steadily作状语修饰grow。grow steadily意为“稳定地增长”。]
[例11] Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ________ (regular)．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)
[分析] regularly[此处需要用副词修饰谓语动词短语“take short breaks”。]
[例12] My uncles ________ (immediate) jumped up and shot their arrows at the bird.(陕西高考改编)
[分析] immediately[此处修饰“jumped up”，故应用副词形式。]
单句语法填空
1．Running is cheap，easy and it’s always________(energy)．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)
答案energetic[根据句子结构可知，此处应该使用与其前的cheap、easy相同形式的形容词energetic作表语。]
2.A taste for meat is ________ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens，pigs，and cattle.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)
答案actually[应用副词作状语修饰系动词is。]
3．This switch has decreased________(pollute) in the country’s major lakes and
reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)
答案pollution[此处作decreased的宾语，应填名词pollution。] 4．According to the World Bank，China accounts for about 30 percent of total ________(globe) fertilizer consumption.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)
答案global[此处和total一起修饰名词短语fertilizer consumption，意为“全世界的化肥总消耗量”，故用形容词作定语。]
5．I’m a________(science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)
答案scientist[设空处前面是a，可知空处应填可数名词单数，再联系文章内容可知“我”是一位科学家，故填scientist。]
6．The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be________(afford) but doing this most days adds up.(2018·浙江高考)
答案affordable[根据语境可知此处作表语，所以要用形容词形式。] 7．Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in________(weigh) problems.(2018·浙江高考)
答案weight[表示体重方面的问题，要用名词作定语。]
8．Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires，As ia’s biggest building，and fancy new hotels.But for tourists like me，pandas are its top________(attract)．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ) 答案attraction[句意：但是对像我这样的游客来说，大熊猫是最吸引人的东西。此处作表语的应该是名词attraction，意为“吸引人之物，诱惑物”。]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．They had both been sentenced to death (die)．(2019·衢州二中模拟)
2．The girl then plants a kiss on the grass in a heart－warming show of affection(affect)．(2019·鲁迅中学模拟)
3．My application (apply) was successful and I spent an enjoyable month learning film －making.(2019·宁海中学模拟)
4．Perhaps he can make his fortune (fortunate)at football.(2019·嘉兴一中模拟)
5．I really needed Snow，because it was good for my recovery__(recover)．(2019·金
华一中模拟)
6．Pop－up shops first appeared in the UK in the early 2000s.They were originally (origin)a way for small companies to rent small space in great locations.(2019·绍兴模拟)
7．Indeed，travelling around this country will truly(true)give you an amazing experience because of its interesting things offered to all types of tourists.(2019·台州模拟)
8．The water near the equator is less salty than that found in the mid－latitudes (中纬度) for abundant(abundance) equatorial precipitation (赤道降水) throughout the year.(2019·杭州八校联考)
9．Films，books，magazines，etc.give us daily (day) amusement.(2019·兰溪三模) 10．In some crowded (crowd) cities，the car has polluted the air so badly that people get sick just from breathing it.(2019·台州一中模拟)
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2019·温州模拟)Everyone has secrets，and John Corcoran is no exception.For decades，Corcoran lived with an 1.________ (embarrass) secret，one that millions of Americans have.He was a college graduate and had even been a teacher for years，2.________ John was reading at an elementary school level once.3.________ (fail) to learn how to read in school，Corcoran finally developed the thought that there was something wrong with him.Then one day，at the age of 48，he accidentally 4.________ (hear) two women in the checkout line talking about how proud they were 5.________ their adult brother for finally learning how to read.Soon afterwards，Corcoran went to a reading clinic 6.________ (get) help.After 125 hours’ professional 7.________(treat)，he could read at a 12th grade level.Since he began to learn to read，Corcoran 8.________(write) poems and short stories，and has started a foundation to provide tutoring for thousands of students 9.________ cannot read like h im.“I used to call my problem a curse，” Corcoran said，“but now it’s 10.________ (actual) a blessing to me，because I get to encourage others and show it’s never too late to learn how to read.”
【语篇解读】John Corcoran的阅读能力只有小学一年级的水平，最后通过自己的努力他克服了这个难题。
1．embarrassing[考查词性转换。修饰secret应用形容词，embarrassing意为“令人尴尬的”，符合语境。]
2．but[考查连词。根据John was reading at an elementary school level once可知和前面的內容是转折关系。]
3．Failing[考查非谓语动词。Corcoran和fail 之间为主动关系，故填其现在分词形式作原因状语。]
4．heard[考查动词时态。根据语境可知此处讲述过去的一件事情。]
5．of[考查介词。be proud of意为“为……感到自豪”。此句是一个how引导的感叹句。]
6．to get[考查非谓语动词。这里表示去诊所的目的，故用动词不定式。] 7．treatment[考查词性转换。根据前面的professional可知此处应用名词形式。] 8．has written[考查时态。根据Since he began to learn to read可知需用现在完成时态。]
9．that/who[考查定语从句。先行词为students，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用that/who。]
10．actually[考查词性转换。此处修饰整个句子应用副词形式。]
(完整)高中英语词性转换常见词汇
词性转换总结与归纳 动词变名词 announce—announcement通知 equip 装备---equipment 装备，器材(不可名) settle—settlement定居，安定 achieve---achievement 成就 amuse--amusement 娱乐 manage---management 经营管理 advertise--- advertisement广告 agree— agreement同意disgree—disagreement不同意 argue---argument争吵commit—commitment奉献 develop---development发展 govern 统治—government 政府 describe—description描写，描绘erupt—eruption爆发 affect—affection影响 satisfy—satisfaction满意，满足select—selection挑选，选择
permit—permission允许admit—admission承认，允许invite—invitation 邀请，请帖devote—devotion献身，专注apply—application申请，申请书produce—production生产，产品protect—protection保护 educate-----education教育consider—consideration考虑attract—attraction 吸引力，吸引instruct—instruction 指导，介绍discuss—discussion 讨论appreciate—appreciation感激，欣赏recognize—recognition认出conclude—conclusion 结论 decide----decision 决定compete—competition比赛 express 表达----expression 词语；表达方式graduate 毕业—graduation operate—operation操作，动手术organize----organization 组织imagine—imagination 想象力
初中英语词性转换常见词汇说课讲解
构词法 动词变名词1.v+ ment 结尾 achieve---achievement 成就advertise--- advertisement agree— agreement apartment 公寓amusement 娱乐 argue---argument争吵commit奉献—commitment compliment 称赞，恭维develop---development disgree—disagreement department 局，部 experiment 实验，试验 equip 装备---equipment 装备，器材govern 统治—government 政府manage---management 经营管理 2．V+ tion 结尾admit 承认—admission attract吸引—attraction conclude—conclusion 结论compete—competition 竞争，比赛discuss—discussion 讨论 educate-----education decide----decision describe—description描写，描绘express 表达----expression 词语；表达graduate 毕业—graduation operate 操作，动手术—operation organize----organization imagine—imagination 想象力introduce—introduction 介绍instruct—instruction 指导，介绍invent—inventor / invention illustrate 阐明，举例说明--illustration invite—invitation inspire---inspiration 灵感，鼓舞人心的pollute----pollution 污染 predict---prediction 预言 pronounce ---pronunciation resolve 决心-----resolution 决心impress 给人印象—impression 印象permit 允许-----permission suggest-建议，暗示--suggestion solve解决-----solution 解决方法 3．V+ ance 结尾 allow—allowance 允许appear—appearance 外貌，出现perform----performance 演出exist—existance 存在 4．V+ ing 结尾 bathe 洗澡---bathing end 结束----ending 结尾，结局train 训练---training mean ---- meaning 意义say-----saying 谚语remind----reminding提醒 5．V+ 其他 Beg(乞讨)—beggar 乞丐sit--seat 座位employ--employer 雇主，老板--employee雇员 believe—belief 信仰 behave 行为，举止----behavior know---knowledge fly—flight 飞行 heat 加热---heat 热量 hit 撞击------hit 轰动一时的人或物，
汉英翻译中的词类转换
英语知识 在汉英翻译中可进行各种词类的转换,例如：汉语动词转换成英语名词、形容词、介词；汉语形容词或副词转换成英语名词；汉语名词转换成英语动词等等。其中，汉语动词转换成英语抽象名词尤为普遍。高校常用的翻译教材，如张培基、吕瑞昌、冯庆华等编撰的翻译教材均将这种转换列在第一位。请看以下各例： 例1．中国政府承诺不对无核国家使用核武器。 如不注意词性转换，译文可能是： The Chinese government undertakes not to use (that it will not use) nuclear weapons against non-nuclear countries. 这种译文显得有些口语化，不够庄重。不如改用抽象名词non-use: The Chinese government undertakes non-use of nuclear weapons against non-nuclear countries. 例2．禁止任何叛国、分裂国家、煽动叛乱及窃取国家机密的行为。 译文一：To prohibit any act of treason, acts to split the country, incite rebellion and steal secrets. 译文二：To prohibit any act of treason, secession, sedition and theft of state secrets. 以上译文一使用split , incite, steal 等动词虽然语义正确，但似乎不够庄重。译文二使用抽象名词，因而显得文字严谨，适合正式法律条文的风格。 例3．技术引进合同应当订明下列事项：引进技术的保密义务，改进技术的归属和分享。 译文一：Provisions on the obligation to keep confidential the
常见词汇词性转换
常见词形变化动词变名词 1.v+ ment 结尾 achieve---achievement 成就advertise--- advertisement// advertising agree— agreement appoint----appointment disappoint----disappointment disagree --- disagreement amuse----amusement 娱乐 argue---argument争吵commit—commitment奉献develop---development equip ---equipment 装备，器材govern 统治—government 政府manage---management 经营管理 2．V+ tion/sion 结尾 admit—admission承认attract—attraction 有吸引力的事或人； conclude—conclusion 结论compete—competition 竞争，比赛consider---consideration discuss—discussion 讨论 decide----decision describe—description描写，描绘direct---direction determine---determination educate-----education explain----explanation express ----expression graduate—graduation hesitate---hesitation invite—invitation imagine—imagination 想象力introduce—introduction 介绍instruct—instruction 指导，介绍invent—inventor / invention illustrate --illustration inspire---inspiration 灵感，鼓舞 人心的 impress—impression operate—operation organize----organization permit---permission pollute----pollution predict---prediction prepare---preparation pronounce ---pronunciation resolve -----resolution 决心 suggest --suggestion solve -----solution satisfy----satisfaction 3．V+ ance /ence结尾 allow—allowance 允许appear—appearance 外貌，出现disappear---disappearance 消失perform----performance --performer exist—existence 存在 4．V+ ing 结尾 bathe 洗澡---bathing end 结束----ending 结尾，结局train 训练---training mean ---- meaning 意义say-----saying 谚语 5．V+ 其他 able---ability---disable assist----assisitant analyze---analysis arrive-- arrival到达 beg(乞讨)—beggar 乞丐believe—belief 信仰 behave ----behavior die---dead----death employ--employer雇主--employee雇员 know---knowledge
人教部编版初中英语中考词性转换归纳总结
人教部编版初中英语中考词性转换归纳总结 动词变名词 1.v+ ment 结尾 achieve --- achievement 成就 advertise --- advertisement 广告 agree --- agreement 同意 apartment 公寓 amusement 娱乐 argue --- argument 争吵 commit --- commitment 奉献 compliment 称赞，恭维 develop --- development 发展 disgree --- disagreement 不赞同 department 局，部 experiment 实验，试验 equip 装备--- equipment 装备，器材 govern 统治--- government 政府 manage---management 经营管理 2．V+ tion 结尾 admit --- admission 承认
attract --- attraction 吸引 conclude --- conclusion 结论compete --- competition 竞争，比赛discuss --- discussion 讨论 educate --- education 教育 decide --- decision 决定 describe --- description描写，描绘express ----expression 词语；表达graduate --- graduation 毕业 operate --- operation 操作，动手术organize ---organization imagine --- imagination 想象力introduce ---introduction 介绍 instruct --- instruction 指导，介绍invent--- inventor / invention 发明illustrate --- illustration 阐明，举例说明invite --- invitation 邀请 inspire---inspiration 灵感，鼓舞人心的pollute --- pollution 污染 predict ---prediction 预言 pronounce ---pronunciation resolve --- resolution 决心
常见中考词性转换汇总练习
常见上海中考词性转换汇总 注：供大家中考复习时参考，其中带*为2018新增词汇(汇总词汇中个别单词可能与2018考纲有差异，特此说明。) _________ v.使…能够，使… 有能 力的 _________ adj. 能够；有能力的 n. 能力；才能 ____________ prep. 穿过；横过 v. 穿越/ n. 十字，叉 ___________ n. 行动；扮演 _________ a. 积极的 _____________ n. 活动 ___________ n. 男演员 __________ n. 女演员 _________ v. 增加 _______________ n. 增加 _____________ n. 优点,优势，有利条件 _______________ n. 不利，劣势，短处 __________ n. 年龄 a. 年老的 __________ a. 活着的；活泼的
___________ v. 居住；生活 (lives复数)n. 生活；生命 ___________ v. 使消遣，娱乐 _____________ adj.引起乐趣的 n. 娱乐，消遣，娱乐活动____________ a. 生气的 ad. 生气地 _________ n. 艺术 n. 艺术家 _____________ n. 澳大利亚 a./n.澳大利亚的/人 ___________ v. 出现 v. 消失 ______________v. 吸引 _______________ n. 吸引，吸引力，吸引物______________a. 有吸引人的 __________ n. 根据地,基地,基础 _____________ adj. 基本的，基础的 _________________ a. 漂亮的 _________________ ad. 美丽地 ___________(began, begun) v. 开始 __________________ n. 开始，开端 ___________ adj. 感到乏味的，厌倦的
初中英语词性转换归纳汇总
初中英语词性转换归纳汇总动词变名词 1.v+ ment 结尾 achieve --- achievement 成就 advertise --- advertisement 广告 agree --- agreement 同意 apartment 公寓 amusement 娱乐 argue --- argument 争吵 commit --- commitment 奉献 compliment 称赞，恭维 develop --- development 发展 disgree --- disagreement 不赞同 department 局，部 experiment 实验，试验 equip 装备--- equipment 装备，器材
govern 统治--- government 政府manage---management 经营管理2．V+ tion 结尾 admit --- admission 承认 attract --- attraction 吸引conclude --- conclusion 结论compete --- competition 竞争，比赛discuss --- discussion 讨论educate --- education 教育 decide --- decision 决定 describe --- description描写，描绘express ----expression 词语；表达graduate --- graduation 毕业operate --- operation 操作，动手术organize ---organization imagine --- imagination 想象力
英语词汇 词性转换——其他
形容词变名词 efficient有效率的—efficiency 效率 patient—patience/impatience dependent—dependence依赖性 independent—independency 独立性 true—truth high—height wide—width long—length possible—possibility responsible—responsibility urgent—urgency 紧急 prosperous—prosperity 繁荣 accurate—accuracy 准确性 形容词变动词 modern—modernize social--socialize fast--fasten short/shorten long—lengthen—length(n.) wide--widen less--lessen strong—strengthen—strength(n.) large—enlarge 名词变动词 computer—computerize 名词---形容词—副词 beauty 美，美人—beautiful—beautifully care—careful—carefully
care—careless—carelessly difference---different---differently fortune—fortunate—fortunately/unfortunately happiness—happy—happily hunger—hungry--hungrily health—healthy—healthily luck—lucky—luckily noise—noisy—noisily pride—proud—proudly骄傲地 sadness—sad—sadly safety 安全；安全的地方—safe—safely silence—silent---silently 默默地 success—successful—successfully truth—true—truly unluck—unlucky—unluckily wonder 奇迹—wonderful—wonderfully 方位的词名词—形容词 East—eastern West—western South—southern North---northern In the west of China In the western part of China 四大洲名词-----形容词 Africa 非洲----- African Europe欧洲----- European America 美洲-----American Asia 亚洲–---- Asian
初中英语词性转换归纳
初中英语词性转换归纳 1 动词变名词 1.v+ ment 结尾 achieve --- achievement 成就advertise --- advertisement 广告agree --- agreement 同意 apartment 公寓 amusement 娱乐 argue --- argument 争吵 commit --- commitment 奉献compliment 称赞，恭维 develop --- development 发展disgree --- disagreement 不赞同department 局，部 experiment 实验，试验 equip 装备--- equipment 装备，器材govern 统治--- government 政府manage---management 经营管理2．V+ tion 结尾 admit --- admission 承认 attract --- attraction 吸引conclude --- conclusion 结论compete --- competition 竞争，比赛discuss --- discussion 讨论 educate --- education 教育 decide --- decision 决定 describe --- deion描写，描绘express ----expression 词语；表达graduate --- graduation 毕业 operate --- operation 操作，动手术organize ---organization imagine --- imagination 想象力introduce ---introduction 介绍 instruct --- instruction 指导，介绍invent--- inventor / invention 发明illustrate --- illustration 阐明，举例说明invite --- invitation 邀请 inspire---inspiration 灵感，鼓舞人心的pollute --- pollution 污染 predict ---prediction 预言 pronounce ---pronunciation resolve --- resolution 决心 impress --- impression 印象 permit --- permission 允许
词性转换必备
词汇转换大全 v. n. adj. appoint appointment appointed disable ability; disability able; unable;disabled absent absence absent absolute absorb absorbed accept acceptance acceptable access access accessible accident accidental; accomplish accomplishment accomplished achieve achievement achievable act action/actor/actress activity active addict addiction addicted add addition additional adjust adjustment adjustable admire admiration admirable admit admission advance advance advanced advantage advantage advantageous advertise advertisement advise advice age age aged agree agreement agreeable agriculture agricultural allow allowance allowable amaze amazement amazing / amazed ambition ambition ambitious amuse amusement amusing / amused analyze analysis analytic anger angry (angrily) announce announcement annoy annoyance annoying annual annual anxiety anxious apologize apology apologetic appear appearance apply applicant/applicatio n appreciate appreciation approve approval argue argument arrange arrangement arrive arrival
人教部编版初中英语词性转换归纳汇总
人教部编版初中英语词性转换归纳汇总 1.动词变名词 1.v+ ment 结尾 achieve --- achievement 成就advertise --- advertisement 广告agree --- agreement 同意 apartment 公寓 amusement 娱乐 argue --- argument 争吵 commit --- commitment 奉献compliment 称赞，恭维 develop --- development 发展disgree --- disagreement 不赞同department 局，部 experiment 实验，试验 equip 装备--- equipment 装备，器材govern 统治--- government 政府manage---management 经营管理2．V+ tion 结尾 admit --- admission 承认 attract --- attraction 吸引
conclude --- conclusion 结论 compete --- competition 竞争，比赛discuss --- discussion 讨论 educate --- education 教育 decide --- decision 决定 describe --- description描写，描绘express ----expression 词语；表达graduate --- graduation 毕业 operate --- operation 操作，动手术organize ---organization imagine --- imagination 想象力introduce ---introduction 介绍instruct --- instruction 指导，介绍invent--- inventor / invention 发明illustrate --- illustration 阐明，举例说明invite --- invitation 邀请 inspire---inspiration 灵感，鼓舞人心的pollute --- pollution 污染 predict ---prediction 预言 pronounce ---pronunciation resolve --- resolution 决心 impress --- impression 印象
词性转换词汇整理--copy
词性转换词汇整理 1. absence n. 不在,缺席；absent. a. 不在的，缺席的 2. act v. 扮演n. 行动；active a. 积极的，主动的，活跃的；actor n. 男演员actress n.女演员 3. add v. 加上; 增加；addition n. 加; 增加; 加法 4. age n. 年龄;时代；aged a. (常作表语) 有……之年岁的; 年老的 5. alive a. (常作表语)活着的；live v. 生活;活着;居住 6. amuse v. 给……娱乐;使人发笑，逗……笑； amusing a. 引人发笑的，娱人的；amusement n. 娱乐;消遣;娱乐活动 7. appear v. 出现；disappear v. 消失 8. art n. 艺术；artist n. 艺术家，画家 9. attend v. 出席;参加；attentively ad. 聚精会神地; 注意地 10. automatic. a. 自动的；automatically ad. 自动地 11. true a. 真的;真实的；truth n. 真理;真相 12. possible a. 可能的；possibly ad. 可能地，也许；impossible a. 不可能的 13. beautiful a.美丽的；beautifully ad. 优美地 14. begin v. 开始；beginning n. 开始;开端 15. bright a. 明亮的，聪明的；brightly ad. 明亮地 16. build v. 建筑;建造；building n. 建筑物，大楼 17. Britain n. 不列颠;英国；British a. 英国的n. 英国人 18. busy a. 忙碌的;繁忙的；business n. 生意;事务;公司 businessman n. 商人；businesswoman n. 女商人 19. Canada n. 加拿大；Canadian a 加拿大的n. 加拿大人 20. careful a. 小心的;仔细的；carefully ad. 小心地 21. chemistry n. 化学；chemical a.化学的，n. [常用复]化学药品;化学制品 22. choice n.选择；choose v. 选择 23. clear a. 清晰的，清楚的v. 清楚，清扫；clearly ad. 清晰地；清楚地 24. cloud n. 云；cloudy a. 多云的；阴天的 25. rain v. 下雨，n. 雨；rainy a. 有雨的，多雨的 26. snow v. 下雪n. 雪；snowy a. 有雪的，多雪的 27. sun n. 太阳，阳光；sunny a. 阳光充足的；晴朗的 28. wind n. 风；windy a. 有风的；刮风的 29. collect v. 收集，采集；collection n. 收集 30. cycle v. 骑车；cyclist n. 骑自行车的人 31. day n. 天，白天；daily a. 每日的，ad. 每天，n. 日报 32. danger n. 危险；dangerous a. 危险的 33. dead a. 死的；die v. 死；death n. 死亡 34. decide v. 决定，决心；decision n. 决心 35. develop v. 发展，培养，开发；development n. 发展 36. different a. 不同的；difference n. 差别 37. difficult a. 困难的；艰难的；difficulty n. 困难 38. cover v. 覆盖；掩盖，n. 覆盖；掩盖；盖子；套子；discover v. 发现 39. discuss v. 讨论；discussion n. 讨论 40. drive v. 驾驶；驱赶；driver n. 司机 41. easy a. 容易的；easily ad. 容易地 42. education n. 教育；educational a. 教育的
高中英语必修2重点词词性转换词汇梳理[人教版]
必修二 Unit1 1.worth prep.值得的;相当于……的价值n.[U]价值;作用adj.[古]值钱的→worthless adj.无价值的;无用的→ worthy adj.有价值的 2.sink vi.下沉;沉下→sank/sunk(过去式/过去分词) 3.remove vt.移动;搬开→removal n．[C，U]移走;消除 4.belong vi.属于;为……的一员→belongings n．(复数)所有物;财物 5.design n．[C，U]设计;图案;构思vt.设计;计划;构思→designer n．[C]设计师 6.doubt n．[C，U]怀疑;疑惑vt.怀疑;不信→doubtful adj.感到怀疑的;不确定的→undoubtedly ad v.确实地;毋庸置疑地 7.amaze vt.使吃惊;惊讶→amazing adj.令人吃惊的→amazed adj.吃惊的→amazingly ad v.令人吃惊的是→amazement n．[C，U]惊奇 8.survive vi.幸免;幸存;生还→survival n．[U]幸存;[C]残存物→survivor n．[C]幸存者 9.valuable adj.贵重的;有价值的→value n．& vt.价值;重视 10.select vt.挑选;选择→selection n．[C，U]选择 11.evidence n．[U]根据;证据→evident adj.明显的;明白的→evidently ad v.明显地 12.decorate v.装饰;装修→decoration n．[U]装饰;[C]装饰品 13.explode vi.爆炸→explosion n．[C，U]爆炸(声);[C]爆发 https://www.360docs.net/doc/e59496182.html,rmal adj.非正式的→(formal adj.正式的→formally ad v.正式地 15.debate n．& vi.争论;辩论→ debatement n.辩论;讨论→ debater n.辩论家;讨论者 Unit2 1.basis n．基础;根据→复数bases
初中英语词性转换归纳汇总
动词变名词1.v+ment结尾 achieve---achievement成就advertise---advertisement广告agree---agreement同意 apartment公寓 amusement娱乐 argue---argument争吵 commit---commitment奉献compliment称赞，恭维 develop---development发展 disgree---disagreement不赞同department局，部 experiment实验，试验 equip装备---equipment装备，器材govern统治---government政府manage---management经营管理 2．V+tion结尾 admit---admission承认 attract---attraction吸引
conclude---conclusion结论compete---competition竞争，比赛discuss---discussion讨论 educate---education教育 decide---decision决定 describe---description描写，描绘express----expression词语；表达graduate---graduation毕业 operate---operation操作，动手术organize---organization imagine---imagination想象力introduce---introduction介绍instruct---instruction指导，介绍invent---inventor/invention发明illustrate---illustration阐明，举例说明invite---invitation邀请 inspire---inspiration灵感，鼓舞人心的pollute---pollution污染 predict---prediction预言pronounce---pronunciation resolve---resolution决心 impress---impression印象
初中英语词性转换常见词汇
初中英语词性转换常见词汇
动词变名词1.v+ ment 结尾 achieve---achievement 成就advertise--- advertisement// advertising agree— agreement apartment 公寓 amusement 娱乐 argue---argument争吵 commit奉献—commitment compliment 称赞，恭维 develop---development disgree—disagreement department 局，部 experiment 实验，试验 equip 装备---equipment 装备，器材govern 统治—government 政府manage---management 经营管理 2．V+ tion 结尾 admit 承认—admission attract吸引—attraction 有吸引力的事或人；令人向往的地方 conclude—conclusion 结论compete—competition 竞争，比赛discuss—discussion 讨论 educate-----education decide----decision describe—description描写，描绘express 表达----expression 词语；表达方式 graduate 毕业—graduation operate 操作，动手术—operation organize----organization imagine—imagination 想象力introduce—introduction 介绍instruct—instruction 指导，介绍invent—inventor / invention illustrate 阐明，举例说明--illustration invite—invitation inspire---inspiration 灵感，鼓舞人心的--- pollute----pollution 污染 predict---prediction 预言 pronounce ---pronunciation resolve 决心-----resolution 决心impress 给人印象—impression 印象permit 允许-----permission suggest-建议，暗示--suggestion solve解决-----solution 解决方法 3．V+ ance 结尾 allow—allowance 允许appear—appearance 外貌，出现perform----performance 演出exist—existance 存在 4．V+ ing 结尾 bathe 洗澡---bathing end 结束----ending 结尾，结局train 训练---training mean ---- meaning 意义say-----saying 谚语 5．V+ 其他 Beg(乞讨)—beggar 乞丐sit--seat 座位employ--employer 雇主，老板--employee雇员 believe—belief 信仰 behave 行为，举止----behavior know---knowledge fly—flight 飞行 heat 加热---heat 热量 hit 撞击------hit 轰动一时的人或物，碰撞 mix 混合-----mixture 混合物press 按，压—pressure 压力receive—receptionist 接待员serve—service 服务 succeed-- success tour 在-----旅游，在-----作巡回演出直接+地点tour China ---tour 旅游/ tourist 游客 pursue—pursuit 追求，从事
初中英语词性转换
初中英语词性转换 1.v-n 1.clean— 2. cook— 3. dance-- 4. drive— 5. jump-- 6. lead— 7. own-- 8. play— 9.read-- 10.run— 11.sell-- 12.sing— 13.speak-- 14.swim— 15.teach-- 16.travel—17.wait-- 18.wash— 19.win-- 20.work— 21.write-- 22.act— 23.direct-- 24.invent—25.visit-- 26.act— https://www.360docs.net/doc/e59496182.html,municate-- 28.introduce—29.produce—30.pronounce—31.suggest-- 32.agree—33.develop-- 34.discuss—35.decide-- 37.begin—38.breathe-- 39.build—40.cross-- 41.feel—
45.park-- 46.shop— 47.skate-- 48.train— 49.turn-- 50.turn— 51.advise-- 52.enter—53.serve-- 54.know—55.live-- 56.die—57.succeed-- 58.discover—59.please-- 60. sit—61.thank-- 62.marry—63.weigh— 2.v-adj 1.close-- 2. excite— 3. interest-- 4. follow— 5. miss-- 6.please— 7.surprise-- 8.relax— https://www.360docs.net/doc/e59496182.html,e-- 10.sleep-- 11.worry—12.wake-- 13.die—14.worry-- 15.wake—16.break-- 17.enjoy—18.lose— 3. n-adj
词类转译法之名词转译成动词在英汉翻译中的应用
学号: 2009097311 哈尔滨师范大学 学士学位论文 题目词类转译法之名词转译成动词在英汉翻 译中的应用 学生刘婷婷 指导教师苏跃(副教授) 年级2007级 专业英语教育 系别英语教育系 学院西语学院
哈尔滨师范大学 学士学位论文开题报告 论文题目词类转译法之名词转译成动词在英汉翻 译中的应用 学生姓名刘婷婷 指导教师苏跃（副教授） 年级 2007级 15班 专业英语教育 2011年3 月
说明 本表需在指导教师和有关领导审查批准的情况下，要求学生认真填写。 说明课题的来源（自拟题目或指导教师承担的科研任务）、课题研究的目的和意义、课题在国内外研究现状和发展趋势。 若课题因故变动时，应向指导教师提出申请，提交题目变动论证报告。
课题来源： 教师指导下自拟题目 课题研究的目的和意义： 目的： 英汉两种语言在词汇和语法方面有一定的共同点，但差异也是明显的。例如，英语和汉语比较起来，汉语中动词用得比较多。英语中的许多词，如名词、介词、形容词和副词在汉译时，往往可以译成动词。英语的词汇量很大，它吸收了大量的其他语言中的词汇，如法语、拉丁语、希腊语等。英语中的同义词和近义词很多，一词多义的现象非常普遍。同样，汉语中的同义词和近义词也十分丰富。汉语的词汇没有形态的变化，它主要靠词语、词序以及内在的逻辑关系来表达句子的含义。英语则通过词汇的各种形态变化来表达句子丰富多彩的语言关系和逻辑关系。由于英语和汉语在语法和表达习惯上存在很多差异，因此在翻译过程中有时必须改变原文中某些词句的词类或句子成分才能准确传达原文的意思。词类转译法就是实现这一目的的翻译方法。 意义： 翻译是一种跨文化的交流活动。翻译不仅是把一种文字用另外一种文字表达出来，而且还将两种不同的文化进行融合。英语和汉语在语法和词汇表达习惯上存在诸多差异，因此 在翻译过程中有时必须改变原文某些词句的词类或句子成分才能准确传达原文的意思。词类转译法就是实现这一目的的翻译方法之一，是翻译技巧中一个重要的组成部分。它的运用会直接影响到译文的质量。掌握了这种翻译技巧，会使译文更自然、更流畅、更符合汉语的表达习惯。只要我们不断学习，不断实践，注意观察，及时总结，我们就会在翻译的实践中逐步学会并掌握好词类转译法。 国内外同类课题研究现状及发展趋势： 国外： 翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确而完整的重新表达出来的语言活动。语言是思维的外壳，人类的思维是由存在决定的，而客观存在是可以认识的，因此一种语言所表达的思维内容，用另一种语言重新表达出来也是完全可能的。早在1959年，雅各布森从符号学的观点出发，将翻译分为：语内翻译，语际翻译，符际翻译。但国外对此课题的研究不是特别的多，在词类转译法方面的研究还不充足。A.F. Tytler 曾在 E ssay on principles of traslation中，对词类转译法进行了透彻的分析。 国内： 翻译不仅是把一种文字用另一种文字表达出来, 而且还是两种不同的文化的融合。因此在英译汉时务必要注意一些翻译技巧, 来使两种不同的文化进行交融, 其中较为重要的是词类的转译，国内通过大量的例句说明了在英译汉时词类的转译法的一些技巧运用, 特别是不同词类转译成动词的用法, 强调了词类的转译法在翻译中的重要性。我国的翻译事业有约两千年的光辉灿烂历史，早在西汉哀帝时代，有个名叫伊存的人到中国口传一些简短的佛经经句，但谈不上佛经的翻译。约两千年的翻译历史已为我们积累了一份宝贵的文化遗产。我们应当认真总结前人的翻译经验，批判地吸收前人从实践中总结出来的理论、方法，以便继续提高我们的翻译水平，发展我们的翻译事业。