华中科技大学标准C语言程序设计及应用习题答案

结构体

2.

#include

#define N 3

struct a

{

long num;

char name[20];

int old; //工龄

char ps[20]; //职务

int wage;

}；

main()

{

struct a b[N];

int i,sum=0,ave=0;

for(i=0;i

{

scanf("%ld%s%d%s%d",&b[i].num,b[i].name,&b[i].old,b[i].ps,&b[i].wage);

sum=sum+b[i].wage;

}

ave=sum/N;

printf("工作证号姓名工龄职务工资\n");

printf("-----------------------------\n");

for(i=0;i<3;i++)

printf("%-9ld%-5s%-5d%-5s%-5d\n",b[i].num,b[i].name,b[i].old,b[i].ps,b[i].wage);

printf("总工资=%d\t平均工资=%d\n",sum,ave);

}

7.

#include

struct Date

{

int day;

int month;

int year;

int yearday;

char month_name[4];

};

Int day_of_year(struct Date pd)

{

Int day_tab[2][13]=

{{0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31}

{0,31,29,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31}}；

Int i,day,leap;

day=pd.day;

Leap=pd.year%4==0&&pd.year%100!=0||pd->year%400==0; //闰年二月29天For(i=0;i

Day+=day_tab[leap][i];

Return day;

}

main()

{

int ts;

struct Date d1,d2;

d1.day=12;d1.month=2;d1.year=2001;

d2.day=6;d2.month=7;d2.year=2001;

day_of_year(d1);

day_of_year(d2);

ts=d2.yearday-d1.yearday;

printf("%d\t",d1.yearday);

printf("%d\t",d2.yearday);

printf("%d\n",ts);

}

程序流程

2.8输入5位数整数，倒序输出

#include

main()

{

long a,i,b,a1;

while(1)

{

printf("please input data(1-99999):");

scanf("%ld",&a);

printf("a:%ld\n",a);

if(a<=0||a>=100000)

break;

i=0;

a1=0;

while(a!=0)

{

b=a%10;

printf("%8d",b);

a/=10;

i++;

a1=a1*10+b;

}

printf("\n i:%ld a1:%ld\n",i,a1);

}

}

2.9猜数游戏

#include

#include

#include

main()

{

int a,b,i,k=0;

randomize();

a=random(1001);/*create a random data(0-1000)*/ for(i=0;i<20;i++)

{

printf("please guess a number:");

scanf("%d",&b);

if(a>b)

{

k++;

printf("\n%d:Smaller,guess again!\n",k);

}

else if(a

{

k++;

printf("\n%d:Bigger,guess again!\n",k);

}

else

{

printf("\nYou guess right,congraturation!") ;

printf("\nYou have guessed %d times",k);

break;

}

}

if(k==20)

printf("\nsorry,you failed!");

}

2.11。最大公约数，最小公倍数

#include

main()

{

int i;

int a,b;

printf("please input a,b:");

scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);

for(i=a0;i--)

{

if(a%i==0&&b%i==0)

{

printf("The max=%d",i);

break;

}

}

for(i=a>b?a:b;i>0;i++)

{

if(i%a==0&&i%b==0)

{

printf("\nThe min=%d",i);

break;

}

}

2.12整数含有几个2的因子

#include

main()

{

int a,k=0;

printf("please input data:");

scanf("%d",&a);

while(a%2==0)

{

a=a/2;

k++;

}

printf("\nthe number of factor(2) is %d",k); }

2.14猴子吃桃

#include

void main()

{

int i,x=1;

for(i=9;i>=1;i--)

{

x=2*(x+1);

}

printf("The first day:%d",x); }

2.18计算e

#include

main()

{

int i;

double x,a,b=1,sum=1; printf("please input x:"); scanf("%lf",&x);

a=x;

for(i=1;a/b>=1e-6;i++) {

sum=sum+a/b;

a=a*x;

b=(i+1)*b;

}

printf("\nsum=%lf",sum); }

2.19迭代法求x

#include

#include

main()

{

float a,x1,x2;

printf("input a:");

scanf("%f",&a);

x1=1.0;

while(1)

{

x2=1.0/2*(x1+a/x1);

if(fabs(x2-x1)<1e-5)

break;

x1=x2;

}

printf("sqrt(a)=%f",x2);

}

数组

5.1矩阵对角线元素之和

#include

int fun();

int fun()

{

int a[3][3],sum;

int i,j;

sum=0;

for(i=0;i<3;i++)

{

for(j=0;j<3;j++)

scanf("%d",&a[i][j])；

}

for(i=0;i<3;i++)

sum=sum+a[i][i];

printf("sum=%d\n",sum);

}

void main()

{

fun();

}

5.2按原来排序顺序插入一个数

#include

void main( void )

{

float Num[10];

float Input,GetNum[11];

int i,j;

float a=6;

for(i=0; i<10; i++)

{

Num[i]=a;

a=a+7.5;

}

Loop1: printf("Please input a Number(0-80) Input=");

scanf("%f",&Input);

if((Input<0)||(Input>70)==1)

goto Loop1;

for(i=0; i<10; i++ )

{

if(Input

goto Loop2;

}

Loop2: for(j=0; j

GetNum[j]=Num[j];

GetNum[j]=Input;

for(j=i; j<=10; j++,i++) GetNum[j+1]=Num[i];

for(j=0; j<11; j++ )

printf("%3.3f ",GetNum[j]);

}

5.5字符串相连

#include

main()

{

char a[80],b[80];

int i=0,j=0;

gets(a);

gets(b);

while(a[i]!='\0')

i++;

while(b[j]!='\0')

a[i++]=b[j++];

a[i]='\0';

puts(a);

}

5.6

#include

struct student

{char name[20];

int score;

}stu[5],stu1;

void main(void)

{ int i,j;

printf("Input student's score and name(5),seperate using the character of ',' :\n");

for(i=0; i<5; i++)

scanf("%d,%s",&stu[i].score,&stu[i].name);

/*sorting*/

for(i=0; i<5; i++)

for(j=0; j<4-i; j++)

if(stu[j].score>stu[j+1].score)

{stu1=stu[j];stu[j]=stu[j+1];stu[j+1]=stu1;}

printf("After sotred,score and name:\n");

for(i=0; i<5; i++)

printf("%d,%s\n",stu[i].score,stu[i].name);

}

5.7

#include

main()

{ int a[3][3],i,j,m,n,o,p;

printf("Please input a 3*3 shuzu:\n");

for (i=0;i<=2;i++)

for (j=0;j<=2;j++)

scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);

for (i=0;i<=2;i++)

{ m=(a[i][0]>a[i][1])? a[i][0]:a[i][1];

n=(m>a[i][2])? m: a[i][2];

}

{ o=(a[0][j]

p=(o

}

if (n==p)

printf("Andian is %d\\n",p);

else

printf("There is no andian.\\n");

}

5.8矩阵转置

#include

void main(void)

{ int a[4][3],b[3][4],i,j;

for(i=0; i<4; i++)

{ for(j=0; j<3; j++)

scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);

}

for(i=0; i<4; i++)

{

printf("\n");

for(j=0; j<3; j++)

printf("%5d ",a[i][j]);

}

for(i=0; i<4; i++)

{

b[j][i]=a[i][j];

}

printf("\n");

for(i=0; i<3; i++)

{

printf("\n");

for(j=0; j<4; j++)

printf("%5d ",b[i][j]); }

}

5.9八进制转换成十进制

#include

#include

void main(void)

{ char str[6];

int i,j=0,m=0,n=0;

gets(str);

while(str[j]!='\0') j++;

for(i=j-1;i>=0;i--)

{

m=(str[i]-'0')*(pow(8,j-i-1));

n+=m;

}

printf("shijinzhi %d",n);

}统计字符串字母空格出现次数5.10#include

void main(void)

{

char str[256];

int i;

Int z,s,k,ot;

printf("Please input a row character:\n");

gets(str);

Z=s=k=ot=0;

for(i=0; str[i]!=’\0’; i++)

{

if(('A'<=str[i])&&(str[i]<='Z')==1))||((str[i]>=’a’&&(str[i]<=’z’))) Z++;

else if ((str[i]>=’0’)&&(str[i]<=’9’)

s++;

Else if(str[i]==’‘)

K++;

Else

{ ot++;}

}

printf(“字母个数:%d\n数字个数:%d\n空格个数、其他",num,blank);

}

指针

4.1统计两个字符串相同字符个数

#include

#include

main()

{

int count = 0;

char str1[100],str2[100];

char *p1,*p2;

printf("please enter string 1:");

gets(str1);

printf("please enter string 2:");

gets(str2);

printf("str1:%s\n",str1);

printf("str2:%s\n",str2);

p1 = str1;

p2 = str2;

while(*p1!='\0'&&*p2!='\0')

{

if(*p1++==*p2++)

count++;

}

printf("count:%d\n",count);

}

4.3从m个字符开始复制字符串

#include

#include

#define N 100

main()

{

char s1[N], s2[N],*p;

int m;

printf("please enter string1:");

gets(s1);

p = s1;

printf("enter m:");

scanf("%d",&m);

strcpy(s2,p+m);

printf("string2:%s\n",s2);

}

4.4统计字符串中有多少个整数并输出#include

#include

main()

{

char s[100],*p;

char data[100][100]={{0}};

int count=0;

int i;

p = s;

/*

printf("please enter a string:");

gets(p);

*/

printf("sssss:%s\n",s);

while(*p!='\0')

{

i=0;

while(*p>='0'&&*p<='9')

{

data[count][i] = *p;

i++;

p++;

}

if(i!=0)

count++;

p++;

}

printf("count:%d\n",count);

for(i=0;i

printf("%s\n",data[i]);

}

4.6

#include

#include

main()

{

char *p[] = {"test","capital","index","large","small"}; char **pstr = p;

int a,b,n = 5;

char *temp;

for(a=0;a

{

for(b=a+1;b

{

if(strcmp(pstr[a],pstr[b])>0)

{

temp = pstr[a];

pstr[a] = pstr[b];

pstr[b] = temp;

}

}

}

for(a=0;a

printf("%s\n",pstr[a]);

}

4.7求字符串长度，逆序输出

#include

void main(void)

{

char *p,temp,a[20];

int i,n=0;

gets(a);

while(a[n]!='\0') //求长度

n++;

p=a;

for(i=0;i

{

temp=*(p+i);

*(p+i)=*(p+n-1-i);

*(p+n-1-i)=temp;

}

puts(a);

}

函数1.3个字符串排序

#include

#include

void swap(char *pstr1,char *pstr2)

{

char p[80];

strcpy(p,pstr1); //改变数组内容

strcpy(pstr1,pstr2);

strcpy(pstr2,p);

}

void main(void)

{

char a[80],b[80],c[80];

scanf("%s%s%s",&a,&b,&c);

if(strcmp(a,b)>0) swap(a,b);

if(strcmp(b,c)>0) swap(b,c);

if(strcmp(a,b)>0) swap(a,b);

printf("%s\n%s\n%s\n",a,b,c);

}

7.4.2公约数公倍数函数

#include

int GongYueShu(int,int);

int GongBeiShu(int,int);

{

int a,b;

int gbs,gys;

printf("enter 2 integer:");

scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);

gys = GongYueShu(a,b);

gbs = GongBeiShu(a,b);

if(gys<0)

printf("There has not gong yue shu!!!!!!\n"); else

printf("max gong yue shu:%d\n",gys); printf("min gong bei shu:%d\n",gbs);

}

int GongYueShu(int x,int y)

{

int i,gys=-1,min;

min = x;

if(x>y)

min = y;

for(i=2;i<=min;i++)

{

if((x%i==0)&&(y%i==0))

gys = i;

}

return gys;

}

int GongBeiShu(int x,int y)

{

int i,gbs,max;

max = x;

if(y>x)

max = y;

for(i=max;i<=x*y;i++)

{

if((i%x==0)&&(i%y==0))

{

gbs = i;

break;

}

return gbs;

}

7.4.4删除字符串中制定字符#include

#include

void Delete_Ch(char *,char);

main()

{

char str[80],ch;

printf("please a string:"); gets(str);

printf("please a char:"); scanf("%c",&ch);

Delete_Ch(str,ch);

printf("%s\n\n",str);

}

void Delete_Ch(char *p,char ch) {

while(*p)

{

if(*p==ch)

{

strcpy(p,p+1);

}

else

p++;

}

}

7.4.5

#include

int Is_ShuShu(int);

main()

{

int a,ret;

printf("pls enter a integer:");

scanf("%d",&a);

ret = Is_ShuShu(a);

if(ret==0)

printf("%d is a shushu!!!\n",a);

else

printf("%d is not a shushu\n",a);

}

int Is_ShuShu(int x)

{

int i;

for(i=2;i

{

if(x%i==0)

return -1;

}

if(i>=x/2)

return 0;

}

7.4.6字符串连接

#include

#include

void StrCat(char *s1,char *s2)

{

while(*s1!='\0')

s1++;

while(*s2!='\0')

{

*s1 = *s2;

s1++;

s2++;

}

*s1='\0';

}

main()

{

char a[200]="123456789",b[100]="ABCDEFG"; printf("pls enter string 1:");

gets(a);

printf("pls enter string 2:");

StrCat(a,b);

printf("%s\n\n",a);

}

7.4.7编写函数统计字母数字空格其他的个数

#include

#include

void Stat(char *s,int *ch,int *dig,int *spa,int *oth)

{

while(*s!='\0')

{

if(((*s>='a')&&(*s<='z'))||((*s>='A')&&(*s<='Z')))

(*ch)++;

else if((*s>='0')&&(*s<='9'))

(*dig)++;

else if(*s == ' ')

(*spa)++;

else

(*oth)++;

s++;

}

}

main()

{

char a[200];

int ch=0,dig=0,spa=0,oth=0;

printf("pls enter a string :");

gets(a);

Stat(a,&ch,&dig,&spa,&oth);

printf("ch:%d dig:%d spa:%d oth:%d",ch,dig,spa,oth); }

7.4.9整数排序

#include

#include

paixu(int *p,int n,int flag)

{

int temp;

for(i=0;i

{

m = i;

for(j=i+1;j

{

if(flag == 1)

{

if(p[j]>p[m])

m = j;

}

else

{

if(p[j]

m = j;

}

}

if(m!=i)

{

temp = p[i];

p[i] = p[m];

p[m] = temp;

}

}

}

main()

{

int a[20];

int n,i;

int flag;

printf("please enter n(<20):"); scanf("%d",&n);

getchar();

printf("please enter array a:");

for(i=0;i

scanf("%d",&a[i]);

getchar();

printf("please enter paixu flag:\n"); printf("\t1:degression\n");

printf("\t0:increasion\t:"); scanf("%d",&flag);

paixu(a,n,flag);

printf("array a is:");

for(i=0;i

printf("%4d",a[i]); printf("\n\n");

}