人教版(八下)英语导学案Unit 7 第二课时Section A-B(Grammar focus-1d)(1).doc

Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?

第二课时Section A-B(Grammar focus-1d)

【Free talk】What’s the most dangerous mountain in the world?

【学习目标】

1.学习并掌握下列单词：paragraph ,southwestern, thick , include, freezing, condition, succeed,

challenge, achieve, force, nature, ocean , the Pacific Ocean

2.学习并掌握下列短语：freezing weather conditions, heavy storms, take in air, risk their lives, give

up, the force of nature, in the face of ，at birth, live up to.

3.学习并掌握下列重点句子：

1）Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.

2). It is also very hard take in air as you get near the top.

3). One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.

4). The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 4. Grammar focus:

1)形容词最高级的用法；

2) 掌握量词的用法。

【导学案】

写出下列短语和句子：

1. 最危险的运动之一_________________

2. 绵延中国西南边界_________________

3.暴风雪

4.吸入_________________

5.冒生命危险__________________

6.放弃____________

7.实现我们的梦想

8.大自然的力量___________________ 9.即使_______________10.登山者的精神___________________

11.直立行走_________________12.出生时___________ 13.live up to ____________

13. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.

___________________________ _

14. One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. ____________________________________________________________________________

15. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. __________________________________________________________________________________【课中案】

一、自主学习：阅读3a文章回答下列问题。

1. What’s one of the most dangerous sports?

2. Why is Qomolangma so dangerous?

3. Who is the first woman reaching the top?

4. What’s the spirit of the climbers?

二、合作探究、质疑解惑：

★重点语法

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法

【要点探究】

1.英语形容词，副词比较等级有三个：原级，比较级和最高级。

形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。

规则变化

(1)单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）

【例】原级比较级最高级

great greater greatest small smaller smallest quiet quieter quietest

(2)单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级）

【例】fine finer finest nice nicer nicest wide wider widest

(3)闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，（辅音﹢元音﹢辅音【w,r除外】）须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）

【简记：大红辣椒潮湿瘦变胖】

big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest red redder reddest

fat fatter fattest thin thinner thinnest wet wetter wettest

（4）辅音字母加y结尾的词，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。。

【例】easy easier easiest healthy healthier healthiest sunny sunnier sunniest

（5）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。

【例】delicious more delicious most delicious

carefully more carefully most carefully

注意：tired more tired most tired

（6）不规则变化原级比较级最高级

good/ well →better best，bad →worse worst，many/ much →more most

little →less least ，far → farther/further farthest/furthest

注：有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如：right, wrong, woolen等。

2.形容词的比较等级的用法：比较级用于二者的比较，并且用于同类事物之间的比较，不同事物之间不可以比较。最高级用于三者或三者以上比较。

（1）用于两者比较，表示“……比……更……”

①“A+系动词+形容词比较级+than+B”

Tony is older than Mike.

Tony 比Mike年纪大。

He looks healthier than his friend.

他比他的朋友更健康。

②“A+谓语动词+副词比较级+than+B”

He runs faster than Li Ping.

他比李平跑得快。

She sings better than Kate.

她比Kate唱歌唱得好。

(2)三者或三者以上比较，表示“最……”，

①A+系动词+the+形容词最高级+of短语/in短语

He is the tallest of the three.

他是这三个人中最高的。

She is the funniest in her class.

她是她们班最有趣的。

②A+谓语动词+（the）+最高级+of短语/in短语

The station chooses the songs most carefully.

这个电台选择歌曲最细心。

③A+ be + one of the+最高级+名词复数

China is one of the oldest countries in the world.

中国是世界上最古老的国家之一

（3）其他用法及讲解：

①形容词、副词比较级前可以用表示程度的词来修饰如：a little, a lot，much ,even ,a bit, far, still ，by far等词

You look a little thinner than last year.

你看起来去年瘦了一点。

The box is much bigger than that one.

这个盒子比那个大得多。

The matter gets even worse.

事情变得更糟糕了。

③表示“两个中比较……”的，用“the﹢比较级﹢of the two”.例：The girl is the taller of the two. 这个女孩是两个(人)中较高的一个。

The blue sweater is the cheaper of the two.

这件蓝色的毛衣是两个中比较便宜的。

④表示“大几岁”“长几米”“高多少”“年轻多少”“多少倍”等，用“数量＋比较级+than”，如：

I am two years older than my sister.

我比我的妹妹大两岁。

The river is ten kilometers longer than that one.

这条河比那条河长十米。

The mountain is six meters higher than that one.

这座山比那座山高十米。

The box is twice bigger than that one.

这个盒子比那个大两倍。

⑤比较级+and+比较级或more and more +原级（多音节），表示“越来越……”指事物本身程度的逐渐增长。如：

Summer is coming, it gets hotter and hotter.

夏天将要来临，天变得越来越热。

Our town is getting more and more beautiful.

我们的小镇变得越来越美丽。

The story is more and more interesting.

故事越来越有趣了。

⑥“the + 比较级……，the +比较级……”表示：“越……，越……”

用来表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行变化。如：

The more he eats, the fatter he gets.

他吃得越多，他就变得越胖。

The better you do, the more you will get.

你做得越好，你得到的越多。

⑦在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。如：Who is taller, Tim or Tom?

Tim还是Tom, 谁更高?

Which one is better this one or that one?

哪一个更好，这个还是那个?

⑧同一类人或事物在某一范围内进行比较时，常用

“比较级+than any other+名词单数”，如：

Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.

在中国，上海比其他城市都大。（上海市中国最大的城市。）

Tony is taller than any other student in our class.

Tony 是我们班最高的学生。

（4）原级比较

同一级别的比较，一般用“as+形容词/副词原级+as”,表示“和……一样……”，如:

Mr Green is as healthy as Mrs Green.

格林先生和格林太太一样健康。

He is as tall as me.

他和我一样高。

注：“not as +形容词/副词原级+ as”意为“不如……”或“not so…as…”

He does not run as fast as his brother.

他跑得不如他的哥哥快。

Tom is not so funny as Mike.

Tom 不如Mike 幽默有趣。

【精题演练】

(1)The red pencil is ____ than the green one.

A. short

B. shorter

C. nice

D. the shortest (2012北京)

（2）She looks _____ than she does.

A. the more older

B. very older

C. much older

D. more older

(3)They competed（比赛）to see who could work _____.

A. the fastest and best

B. the faster and the better

C. fastest and better

D. faster and better

【课后案】

词的适当形式填空

1.What’s the _______(high) of Qomolangma.

2 It’s _________(safe) and ______(fast) to climb the Qomolangma now.

3. The most important thing is______(save) lives.

4.Do you know the first people ____(land) on the moon?

5. Which is________(big),the sun,the moon or the earth?

6. --What do you think of Miss Li's teacher?

--Oh, no one teaches is ____. A. well B. better C. best D. good

7. This is_________(good)gift I have ever received.I love it very much.

8. ______ fine weather we have today! A What B How C What a

9. The new building is ______the old one .

A.as twice hight as

B.as hight twice as

C.twice as high as

D.as hight as twice

完成句子/根据要求完成句子。

1. 站得越高，看得越远

______ _______ we stand , ____ _____ you’ll see

2. 他每天总是第一个来最后一个走

He is always _____ _____ _____ _____ , and ____ ____ ____ ____ .

3. 黄河是中国第二长河。

The Yellow River is in China.

4. We have realized that air pollution is going _____ _____ _____ _____ in our city (越来越糟).

5.厚厚的云层盖住山顶并且雪下得很大。

______________________________________________________________________________

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