高考英语语法之英语句子成分和基本句型
英语句子成分与基本句型
Step 1句子成分
英语中的句子成分划分为种：
主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、补语
1.主语：执行句子行为或动作的主体。
(写出做主语的词性）
The sun rises in the east._________________________ He likes dancing.
Twenty years is a short time in history. Seeing is believing.
To see is to believe. What he needs is a book.
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
2.谓语：是对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明，指出“做什么”或“怎么样”，谓语动词的位置一般在之后。（写出做谓语的词性）
We study English. __________________________ He likes playing the games._______________________
3.宾语：动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。英语的动词后必须跟宾语。英语的介词后边也要有宾语。宾语有和之分，即指人的
和指物的，这俩个宾语统称为双宾语。
I like China. ________ He hates you. ________
How many do you need? We need two._______ We should help the old and the poor. _______
I enjoy working with you. ______ I hope to see you again. _________
Did you write down what he said? ____________
Are you afraid of the snake? __________
Under the snow, there are many rocks._________
He gave me a book yesterday. ________________
Give the poor man some money._________________
4.定语：对名词或代词起修饰或限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用“....的”表示。定语主要由充当。定语分为：和。
（写出做定语的词性）
Ai Yan ling is a chemistry teacher.__________ He is our friend. ________________
We belong to the third world. ________________ He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.______
The man over there is my old friend. __________________
The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister.___________________
The boys playing football are in Class 2. __________
The trees planted last year are growing well now.
I have an idea to do it well. _______________
You should do everything that I do. ________________
2.状语：说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。状语的位置一般在，但也可放在句首或句中。
1）副词做状语：
The boy needs a pen very much（程度状语）
The boy really needs a pen. 男孩真的需要一支钢笔。（程度状语）
The boy needs a pen now. Now the boy needs a pen.=The boy, now , needs a pen. 男孩现在需要一支钢笔。
2）介词短语作状语：
In the classroom, the boy needs a pen. 在教室里，男孩需要一支钢笔。（地点状语）
Before his mother, Tom is always a boy. 在母亲面前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件状语)
On Sundays, there is no student in the classroom. 星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间状语)
3）分词（短语）作状语：
He sits there, asking for a pen. 他坐在那儿要一支笔。（表示伴随状态）
Having to finish his homework, the boy needs a pen. 因为不得不完成作业，男孩需要一支笔。（原因状语）Frightened, he sits there soundlessly. （因为）受了惊吓，他无声地坐在那儿。（原因状语）
4）不定式作状语：
The boy needs a pen to do his homework.男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业。（目的状语）
To make his dream come true, Tom becomes very interested in business.为实现梦想,汤姆变得对商很有兴趣.
5）名词作状语：
Come this way!/走这条路！（方向状语）
6）状语从句：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、比较状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句.
（挑出下列句中的状语）
① There was a big smile on her face. ② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.
③ He began to learn English when he was eleven. ④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.
5.表语：用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，常位于连系动词（be, become, appear等）之后。（写出做表语的词性）
He is a teacher. Five and five is ten.
He is asleep. His father is in.
The picture is on the wall. My watch is gone / missing / lost.
To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring.The question is whether they will come.
（常见的系动词有:
be /feel / sound /look / taste/ smell/ keep, stay ,remain / get, become, turn / feel
It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange. Her voice sounds sweet.
Tom looks thin. The food smells delicious. The food tastes good.
The door remains open. Now I feel tired.
（挑出下列句中的表语）
① The old man was feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim?
③ The leaves have turned yellow. ④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.
⑤ She was the first to learn about it.
6.补语：补语常见的有主语补足语和宾语补足语，但考试中主要涉及宾语补足语。宾语补足语通常紧跟之后，对进行补充。
（写出做宾补的词性）
We elected him monitor. ________________ We all t hink it a pity that she didn’t come here. _________
We will make them happy. ____________________ We found nobody in. ____________
Please make yourself at home. __________ Don’t let him do that. ___________________
His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. ______________
Don’t keep the lights burning. _____________ I’ll have my bike repaired. _______________________
练习
分析以下句子的句子成分.
1.The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage.
2.Some of the students in the school want to go swimming.
3.The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
4.She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.
5. The job of the man over there is to train swimmers.
6.He wrote some letters to his friends carefully.
7.The trees planted last year are growing well now.
8.The man downstairs was trying to sleep.
9.I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!
10.We need a place twice larger than this one.
Step 2句子类型
英语句子按其结构可分为三类：、和复合句。
（一）简单句：只包含一个主谓结构的句子。
英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂，但仔细观察不外乎六个基本句式。这六个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这六个基本句式生成的。这六个基本句式如下：
1.Things changed. （主语＋不及物动词）
主+ 谓
2.Trees are green. （主语＋及物动词＋宾语）
主+ 系+ 表
3.We don’t beat children.
主+ 谓+ 宾
4.He gave his sister the piano.
主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语
5.I found the book easy.
主+谓+ 宾+ 宾补
6.There is a teacher in the classroom.
There be + 主语+ 状语
(二)并列句
俩个或俩个以上的简单句用并列连词或标点符号连接而成的句子叫做并列句。
1.表示并列关系的连词：and, neither...nor, not only..but also, both.. and ..等
2.表示转折或对比关系的连词：but, yet, while, nevertheless等
3.表示选择关系的连词：or, otherwise, either.. or...等
4.表示因果关系的连词：so, for, thus,because等
(三)复合句
复合句是由一个主句加上一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。
名词性从句定义：
1.在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句。(Noun Clauses)
2. 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。
3. 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1) What he does is important.
2) I don’t like what he does everyday.
3) This is what he does everyday.
4) I don’t know about the fact that he is a teacher.
Step 3 综合练习
A
On December 5,1901,Walt Disney, the ma n who turned a mouse into one of the world’s most beloved characters, was born in Chicago. Always the artist and businessman, he used to sell his drawings to neighbors to make extra money when growing up.
After serving in France during World War I, he move to Hollywood and set up a cartoon studio with his brother Roy’s help. But the studio enjoyed little success before 1928—the year Walt created a character called Mickey Mouse, who appeared in the silent cartoon Plane Crazy.
By the late 1920s, sound was revolutionizing the movie business, and Walt Disney was one of the first to use this new technology in Steamboat Willie, Mickey Mouse’s first starring role. Many more Mickey cartoons followed, and the little mouse became so popular throughout America that, in 1932, Walt was presented a special Oscar award for his creation. By 1935, Disney’s cartoon series included other popular characters, such as Donald Duck, Pluto and Goofy.
In 1937, Disney took a huge risk when he produced Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Previously, cartoons were usually 5 to 7 minutes long and shown in cinemas before the main movie. Snow White would be the world’s first movie-length cartoon film. Many predicted Walt would lose all his money and studio because audiences would not pay to see a cartoon. But the movie was a huge hit, making an unbelievable $4.2 million (almost $400 million in today’s money) in North America. Walt used this money to build a modern studio where he went on to make even more movie-length cartoons such as Pinocchio, Fantasia, and Bambi.
During World WarⅡ, Disney’s studio stopped making cartoons to help with the war effort—mainly by producing army training films. But at the war’s end, the studio was back to action and produced many popular movies including Dumbo, Alice in Wonderland and Peter Pan. Cinderella hit the theatres in 1948, and was Disney’s most successful movie since Snow White. But Walt Disney was only getting started. In 1955, he opened the first Disneyland and a year later he started making programs for a new industry called television.
By the time he died in 1966, Disney had created an empire that continues to grow today.
1. How did Walt Disney make extra money in his early years?
A. By making movies.
B. By selling his drawings.
C. By designing theme parks.
D. By drawing his neighbors.
2. Why was Walt Disney presented a special Oscar award?
A. For the creation of Mickey Mouse.
B. For the production of cartoon movies.
C. For using advanced technology in his movies.
D. For making the most successful movie in history.
3. Why did many people think the movie Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs would fail?
A. The story was not very interesting.
B. The quality of the drawing was poor.
C. People would not pay to watch a cartoon.
D. Children would not sit in the cinema for so long.
4. In what order did the following events happen in the story?
a. Walt Disney started making TV programs.
b. Walt Disney built a modern cartoon studio.
c. Walt Disney served in France during the war.
d. Walt Disney made training films for the army.
e. Walt Disney opened a theme park for business.
f. Walt Disney went to Hollywood and set up a studio.
A. c, f, b, d, e, a.
B. b, f, c, e, d, a.
C. b, c, d, e, a, f.
D. c, d, f, b, a, e.
语法填空
Having fr ee time to play and enjoy hobbies and interests is important. It’s also good 11___ people’s health. People need time away from the pressures of study or work ___12___ (relax) with friends and family.
In different countries and cultures around the world, free time __13____ (spend) in different ways. A survey showed that reading was the 14 (popular) spare-time activity in the United States. This was followed by watching TV, and then spending time with family. In a U.K. survey on leisure-time activities, the pastime 15 was enjoyed by most people was watching DVDs. Listening to the radio came second. In ____16__ similar survey conducted in Japan, the favourite free-time activity was eating out.
There were also ___17 _ (different) between the three countries in terms of outdoor activities. For Americans, gardening was the No.1 outdoor activity. In the U.K., it was ___18__ (go) to the pub, and gardening ranked ninth，followed by visiting the cinema. In Japan, going to bars and pubs ranked ____19 (eight) in popularity. People around the world all enjoy doing lots of things in their free time, ___20___ the evidence suggests that what they like is very different.
语法改错
Some people think that playing table-tennis need little strength, but I don't think so. When play table-tennis, we should judge the direction of the ball, and hit them back with great strength so that we can win the game. In the same time we need pick up the ball which falls to the ground. So before one game you will be very tired if you have tried your best.
But, as a sport, I think it is more like a art. In the game, you can often find the ball moving quickly, and each of the players' movements are very beautiful.
Though I can't play it very well, but yet I still show great interest in it. I think playing table-tennis can build our bodies, keep us healthy, train our brains.
答案：
BACA
语法填空：
11.for 12.to relax 13.is spent 14.most popular 15.that/which 16.a 17.differences 18.going 19.eighth 20.but.
语法改错：
1. need→needs
2. play→playing
3. them→it
4. In (the same time)→At
5. need∧pick: to
6. before→after
7. a →an
8. are→is
9. but yet 10. ∧train: and
[解析] 1. 分词playing table-tennis做主语，谓语动词有单数形式。10. and连接3个并列动词build、keep和train
英语句子成分和英语句子结构
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练 习 主语（subject ）:句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east. （名词） Tvventy years is a short time in history.（数词） To see is to believe ? （不定式） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It 形式主语，主语从句是真正主 语） 谓语（predicate ）:说明主语的动作、状态和特 征。 表语（predicative ）:系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 Seventy-four! You don' t look it.（代词） Five and five is ten.（数词） He is asleep.（形容词） His father is in. （副词） The picture is on the wall. （介词短语） My v/atch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词） To v/ear a flower is to say " I' m poor, I can' t buy a ring.（不；卫式） The question is v/hether they vnll come. （表语从句） 常见的系动词有： be, sound （听起来），look （看起来），feel （摸起来，smell （闻起来）,taste （尝、吃起来）， remain （保持，仍是）,feel （感觉）??? 宾语: 1） 动作的承受者动宾 I like China.（名词） He hates you.（代词） How many do you need? We need two ?（数词） We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. （动需词） I hope to see you again.（不立式） Did you write dov/n v/hat he said?（宾语从句） 2） 介词后的名词、代词和动名词…介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks ? 3） 双宾语…-间宾（指人）和直宾（指物） He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money. 宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。 We elected him monitor. （名词） We all think it a pity that she didn' t come here.（名） We will make them happy.（形容词）We found nobody in.（副词） We study English. He is asleep. He likes dancing. Seeing is believing ? What he needs is a book. （代词） （动名词） （主语从 He is a teacher. （名词） It sou nds a good idea ? Her voice sounds sweet ? The food smells delicious. The door remains open. The sou nd sounds stra nge. Tbm looks thin. The food tastes good ? Nov/1 feel tired.
英语句子基本结构成分类型
英语句子基本结构 英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂，但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下： S十V主谓结构 S十V十F主系表结构 S十V十O主谓宾结构 S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构 S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构 说明：S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；O＝宾 语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语；C＝宾 语补足语五个基本句式详细解释如下： 1．S十V句式 在此句式中，V是不及物动词，又叫自动词(vi．)。例如： He runs quickly．他跑得快。 They listened carefully．他们听得很仔细。 He suffered from cold and hunger．他挨冻受饿。 China belongs to the third world country．中国属于第三世界国家。 The gas has given out．煤气用完了。 My ink has run out．我的钢笔水用完了。 2．S十V十P句式 在此句式中，V是系动词(link v．)，常见的系动词有：look，seem，appear，sound，feel，taste，smell，grow，get，fall ill/asleep，stand/sit still，become，turn等。例如： He is older than he looks．他比看上去要老。 He seen interested in the book．他似乎对这本书感兴趣。 The story sounds interesting．这个故事听起来有趣。 The desk feels hard．书桌摸起来很硬。 The cake tastes nice．饼尝起来很香。 The flowers smell sweet and nicc．花闻起来香甜。 You have grown taller than before．你长得比以前高了。 He has suddenly fallen ill．他突然病倒了。 He stood quite still．他静静地站看。 He becomes a teacher when he grew up．他长大后当了教师。 He could never turn traitor to his country．他永远不会背叛他的祖国。 注意：有些动词同时也是及物动词，可构成SVO句式，例如： He looked me up and down．他上下打量我。 He reached his hand to feel the elephant．他伸出手来摸象。 They are tasting the fish．他们在品尝鱼。 They grow rice in their home town．他们在家乡种水稻。 He's got a chair to sit on．他有椅子坐。
高考万能句子英语
高考万能句子英语 高考万能句子英语如下：高考万能句子英语常用句型一、根据衔接词本身在文章中起到的作用，主要分为以下四类，即“起、“承、“转、“合。 （一）表示“起的词/词组：用于开篇引出扩展句。 at first 最初for one thing…（for another）at present 现在；当今首先…（其次）…currently 目前；最后recently最近first（ly）第一in general 一般说来in the beginning 起初one the one hand…（on the other hand）to begin with 首先；第一一方面…（另一方面）first of all 首先；第一generally speaking 一般地说in the first place 首先；第一on the whole 总起来说lately 最近to start with 首先；第一presently 现在；此刻now 现在（二）有关“承的常用词语：用来承接上文。 after/after that/afterwards此后by this time 此时after a few days 几天以后certainly 无疑地；当然地after a while过了一会儿therefore 因此；结果also/too 并且；又for example 例如at the same time 同时for instance 例如beside 此外for this purpose 为了这个目的Besides/what,s more 而且；此外from now on 从此in addition 此外second 第二；第二点in addition to… 除…之外secondly 第二in fact 事实上similarly 同样地in other words 换句话说so 所以in particular 特别（地）soon 不久in the same way 同样地still 仍然by the way 顺便提一句then 然后indeed 的确third 第三；第三点meanwhile 与此
(完整版)英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解
一、英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解： （一）句子成分 1.主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。 主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、分词、主语从句和短语等来担任。 The sun rises in the east.（名词） He likes dancing. （代词） Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. （动名词） To see is to believe. （不定式） What he needs is a book. （主语从句） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语） 找出下列句中的主语： Jane is good at playing the piano.（名词） She went out in a hurry.（代词） Four plus four is eight.（数词） To see is to believe.（不定式） Smoking is bad for health.（动名词） The young should respect the old.（名词化的形容词）What he has said is true. （句子） 2.谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans. 复合谓语：由情态动词或助动词+动词; He can speak English well. She doesn’t seem to like dancing. 找出下列句中的谓语（注：只有动词才可作谓语。）： 1. We love China. 2. We have finished reading this book. 3. He can speak English. 4. She seems tired. 3.表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
英语句子成分及基本句型全面归纳
英语句子成分及基本句型全面归纳 什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下： 一：S V（主＋谓） 二：S V P（主＋系＋表） 三：S V O（主＋谓＋宾） 四：S V O O（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 五：S V O C（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 基本句型：S V （主+谓） 主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），动词不定式，动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！ 谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S│ V（不及物动词） 1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢？ 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。
英语句子成分和英语句子结构
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习 主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east. （名词）He likes dancing. （代词）Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. （动名词） To see is to believe. （不定式）What he needs is a book. （主语从句） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 We study English. He is asleep. 表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 He is a teacher. （名词） Seventy-four! You don’t look it. （代词） Five and five is ten. （数词） He is asleep. （形容词） His father is in. （副词）The picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语) My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词） To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. （不定式） The question is whether they will come. （表语从句） 常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起来）, taste（尝、吃起来）, remain（保持，仍是）, feel（感觉）... It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange. Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin. The food smells delicious. The food tastes good. The door remains open. Now I feel tired. 宾语： 1）动作的承受者-----动宾 I like China. （名词）He hates you. （代词） How many do you need? We need two. （数词） We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. （动名词） I hope to see you again. （不定式）Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句） 2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks. 3）双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物） He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money. 宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。 We elected him monitor. （名词）We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. （名）We will make them happy. （形容词）We found nobody in. ( 副词) Please make yourself at home. 介词短语）Don’t let him do that. （省to不定式） His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. （带to不定式） Don’t keep the lights burning. （现在分词）I’ll have my bike repaired. （过去分词）
高考英语作文常用万能句子
作文常用句： 1. With the development of society 随着社会的发展….is becoming more and more popular. .变得越来越流行 …. is becoming more and more serious. 变得越来越严重 2. ..pose a great threat to.. .对..造成了大威胁（Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.) 3. different people have different opinions 不同的人有不同的意见 4. It is true that…. 5. the recent research has shown that..最近研究表明。 6. we must do our best to....我们必须竭尽全力做... 7. have great effect on …对…有巨大影响 8. take the essence and discard the dregs。取其精髓，取其糟粕 9. do harm to / be harmful to / be detrimental to对…有害 10. keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latest development of…跟上最新发展 11. the healthy development of ……的健康发展 12.play an important role in 其重要作用 13. Every coin has its two sides. 有利有弊 14. social status 社会地位 15. focus time and energy on…把时间和精力放在…上 16. both physically and mentally身心两方面 17. be directly / indirectly related to…有直接 /间接关系 18. relieve stress / burden缓解压力 / 减轻负担 19. compared with…与…比较 20. in contrast / on the contrary。相反 21. replace / substitute / take the place of代替 22. Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that…毫无疑问 23. in my opinion 在我看来 24. enhance / promote mutual understanding增进相互了解 25. take effective measures to do sth。采取有效措施来… 26. make full use of / take advantage of 充分利用 27. suffer from heavier work pressure承受更大的工作压力 28. guarantee the stability and prosperity of our society 保障社会的稳定和繁荣 29. put more emphasis on…更多地强调 30. adapt oneself to the development of society适应社会发展 31. realize one’s dream实现梦想 32. The main reasons are listed as follows: 主要理由列举如下 33. First/， Firstly，/ In the first place,/ To begin with 首先 34. Second, Secondly, In the second place 其次 35. Besides，In addition, Additionally, Moreover, Furthermore 再次 36. Finally,/ Last but not the least, / Above all, / Lastly, 最后 37. All in all, /To sum up, / In summary, / In a word, 总而言之 38. We still have a long way to go。我们还有很长的路要走 39. some people think that …. Others think that…. 40. I’m confident that the future is bright because….
英语句子结构和成分详解
第一章句子成分和简单句基本句型 一、句子成分 构成篇章的基本单位是句子，组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分都是由单词、短语或从句充 其中，主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。表语、宾语和补足语是谓语的组成部分。其他成分如定语和状语是句子的修饰部分。 二、充当句子成分的各种形式 主语:主语可以由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词、从句等来担任。 1.名词 All efforts will be in vain if we can‘t learn English by practicing repeatedly. 如果我们不通过反复练习来学习英语，所有的努力将付之东流。 2.数词 Two thirds of them can play more than one musical instrument.他们中有2/3的人不只能演奏一种乐器。 3.代词 Who knows the answer? 谁知道答案？ 4.不定式 To see is to believe.眼见为实 It‘s an honor to make a speech here. 在这里发言我很荣幸。 5.动名词 In my opinion, cloning should be dealt with carefully. 我认为应该慎重对待克隆。 6.名词化的形容词或分词 The old should be respected.老人因该受到尊重。 The disabled will receive more money. 残疾人会收到更多的钱。 7.名词性短语 The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.老师和同学们要去参观博物馆。 8.主语从句 What he said didn‘t agree with what he did. 他的言行不一。 主语从句常使用it 作形式主语。 It is uncertain whether he can come to Jenny‘s birthday party or not. It happened that he was out when I got there. 当我到那儿时，碰巧他不在。 考查对句中主语的确定 【技巧点拨】 1．对句中主语的考查通常出现在强调句型中，即― It is/ was + 主语（强调部分）+ that+谓语部分‖。注意充当主语的应该是名词、代词、名词性词组或名词性从句。动词原形，介词词组或一个具有完整意义但缺少连词的简单句都是不能充当主语的。 2.句中的主语直接决定了谓语动词的单复数。对主语的确定不能被一些表象所迷惑。尤其要能辨识下面这种现象，即当主语后面跟有as well as, along with, together with, like ,but, except, in addition to 等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单复数按主语的单复数而定。 It was ____ computer games that cost the boy a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lessons. A. to have played B. playing C. played D. having played
高考英语作文高分必背的30个常用句子
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(完整版)英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解和练习试题
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?相同点都三部分，主语也一样．不同动词和系动词，时态一样，否定式不同．动词加助动词，系动词不用．表语可以是形容词，宾语不行．只有宾语有补足语 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种： ?主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 ?1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 ?如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) ?2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。 ?如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) ?3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。 ?如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 ?如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) ?有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。 ?如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) ?有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。 如：He works hard .(他工作努力)
英语句子成分和英语句子基本结构讲解及练习
英语句子成分和英语句子基本结构讲解及练习 一、句子的基本结构（5种） 1、主语+谓语（s+v） 2、主语+系动词+表语（s+l+p） 3、主语+谓语+宾语（s+v+o） 4、主语+谓语+间接宾语（指人）+直接宾语（指物） (s+v+io+do) 5、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（s+v+o+c） 二、句子成分：（主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补、同位语、插足语） 1. 主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east （） He likes dancing. （） Twenty years is a short time in history. ( ) Seeing is believing. （） To see is to believe.（） What he needs is a book.（） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.（） (一）指出下列句中主语的中心词 ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. ④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficu lt. 2. 谓语（predicate）：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词 组担任，放在主语的后面。We study English. He is asleep. (二). 选出句中谓语的中心词 ① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
高考英语常用句子
高考英语常用句子 1.越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束 An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation. 2.说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习． When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study. 3.没有人能否认这一事实：教育是人生最重要的一方面． No one can deny the fact that a person’s education is the most important aspect of his life. 4.现在，人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识． Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation. 5.尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展，用自行车的人数会减少，自行车可能会消亡，然而这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要作用．Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle is decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. Th e information I’ve collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society. 6.使用自行车有助于人们身体健康,并极大缓解了交通阻塞 Using bicycle contributes greatly to people’s physical fitness as well as eas ing traffic jams. 7.考虑到这些严重的状况，我们比以往任何时候更需要象自行车这样的环保型交通工具．In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before. 8.尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，但它也存在它的问题． Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem. 9.在速度和舒适度方面，自行车是无法和汽车，火车这样的交通工具相比． Bicycle can’t be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort. 10.即使最优秀的毕业生，要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习． Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person. 11.一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间，事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康，正如那句老话，只学习，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻 A proper part-time job doesn’t occupy students’ too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 12.任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价 Any government which is blind to this point may pay a heavy price. 13.许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少，以至于他们要花很长时间等公交车，而车上可能已满载乘客． Many city residents complain that there is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers. 14.无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题，城市当局应该采取有利措施来解决它．
英语句子成分与结构教案
目标满分班名师培优精讲 第1 讲 【教学标题】 英语句子成分 【教学目标】 让学生完全掌握英语句子的成分问题，使学生能够更好的理解句子结构 【教学重点】 1.句子成分的划分 2.句子的主要成分 3.句子的次要成分 4.作各个成分相应的词性 【教学难点】 1.句子的主要成分 2.状语的识别 3.定语的识别 4.宾语补足语 【教学内容】 句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 句子成分有主要成分和次要成分：主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。 A.主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。 一句话语法: 主语由名词性的词来充当.
例如： During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词） The students all love their English teacher. We often speak English in class.（代词） They go to school by bus. One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词） To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式） To see is to believe. Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词） Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. It’s no use regretting it. The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词） When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句） It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）B.谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。注意动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语，不能作谓语。 一句话语法: 谓语由动词充当。 有很多同学在写作的时候容易犯的错误就是要么乱用be动词,要么句子没有谓语动词. 1、可作谓语的动词一般为行为动词(表动作)和连系动词(表状态)，行为动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语，又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。 （1）、及物动词作谓语 We should help each other.
高考英语常用经典必背句型
高考英语常用经典句型复习 1、as 句型： (1) as引导方式状语从句句型：“按照……；正如……”例：We d o farm work as the old peasant teaches us. (2) as＋形容词／副词原级＋（ a ／an）＋名词＋as ;否定式：not as/so …..as 例：He is as good a player as his sister． (3) such + n. + as to do 如此……以致于……例：She is such a fool as to believe what he said. (4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致于……例：He was so strong as to carry the heavy box. (5) such --- as---象……之类的……（接名词或定语从句）例：He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was. (6) the same ＋名词＋as 和……一样的……（接名词或定语从句） 例：He is not the same man as he used to be 他不是从前的那样子了。 (7) as 引导非限制性定语从句例：As is known to us, knowledge is power. (8)引导时间状语从句。与while意义相近例：We get wiser as we get older. (9) 引导原因状语从句，与because的用法相近例：As it was getting very late, we soon turned back. (10) 引导让步状语从句例：Child as he is, he knows much about science. 2、when 句型： (1) be doing sth ---- when --- 例：He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. (2) be about to do sth --- when --- 例：We were about to start when it began to rain. (3) had not done sth --- when ---/ hardly --- when --- 例： He had not fallen asleep when the telephone rang. (4) had just done ---- when --- 例：I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang. 3、seem 句型： (1) It +seems + that从句例：It seemed that everyone was satisfied. (2) It seems to sb that --- 例：It seems to me that she is right.我看她是对的， (3) There seems to be --- 例：There seems to be a heavy rain.看上去要有一场大雨。 (4) It seems as if --- 例：It seemed that she couldn't come to class.看样子她不能来上课了。 4、表示“相差……；增加了……；增加到……”句型： (1) She is taller than I by three inches. 她比我高三英寸 (2) There is one year between us. 我们之间相差一岁。 (3)She is three years old than I她比我大三岁。 (4) They have increased the price by 50%. 他们把价格上涨了50% 5、too句型： (1) too...to do sth． 例：Politics is too important to be left to the politicians． （＝Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians．）政治太重要了，不能由政治家来决定。 (2) only too --- to do sth 例：I shall be only too pleased to get home.我要回到家里就非常高兴。 (3) too + adj + for sth 例：These shoes are much too small for me.我穿这双鞋太小了。