英语名词专项训练100(附答案)及解析

英语名词专项训练100(附答案)及解析
英语名词专项训练100(附答案)及解析

英语名词专项训练100(附答案)及解析

一、初中英语名词

1.(?苏州)Steve Jobs was full of — always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society.

A. instruction

B. invitation

C. introduction

D. invention

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意:史蒂夫·乔布斯充满了发明-总是提出新的想法,这导致了社会的巨大变化。instruction指令;invitation邀请;introduction介绍,说明;invention发明。结合语境,所以选D。

2.There's little left at home. Go and buy some, dear.

A. carrots

B. potatoes

C. rice

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意:家里剩的马铃薯不多了,去买一些吧。A. carrots 胡萝卜;B. potatoes马铃薯;C. rice大米。因为空格前有little,它修饰不可数名词,rice 是不可数名词,故选C。

3.Don't stand too close to North Americans. You'd better give them more personal ___ .

A. time

B. system

C. space

D. pity

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】time时间,system系统,space空间,pity遗憾、怜悯,根据前半句Don't stand too close to North Americans.不要和北美人站得太近。可知后半句意思应为你最好给他们留更多的个人空间.所以应填space空间.故选C。

4. I have the ____of reading before sleeping. It has been part of my life.

A. courage

B. chance

C. spirit

D. habit

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:我有睡觉前看书的习惯,这已经是我生活的一部分。courage勇气;chance机会;spirit精神;habit习惯。根据句意可知选D。

【点评】考查名词辨析。

5.—Where is your bike, Alice?—— It's over there, between ____.

A. Eric or Dave

B. Eric's or Dave

C. Eric and Dave's

D. Eric's and Dave's

【答案】 D

【解析】【解析】句意:一迈克,你的自行车在哪儿?一在那边,在埃里克和大卫的之间。介于……与……之间:between...and...爱丽丝的自行车停放在埃里克的车和大卫的车之间,因此两个人都用所有格形式。故选D。

6.If I leave my house at 9 o'clock and drive to the airport, I'll arrive at about 11. So it's about two _________drive from my house to the airport.

A. hours'

B. hour's

C. hours

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:如果我9点离开家开车去机场,我大约11点就到了。因此从我家到机场大约是两个小时的车程。表示所有关系要用名词所有格,两个小时的车程:two hours' drive,hours是复数,加's省略后面的s,故选A。

【点评】考查名词所有格的用法,熟练掌握名词所有格的用法,选出正确答案。

7.Frank is a friend of ________. He is a scientist from Canada.

A. my

B. I

C. me

D. mine

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:Frank是我的朋友中的一个,他是来自加拿大的科学家。A my,我的,所有格;B 我,主语;C 我,宾格;D 我的,名词性物主代词;of+物主代词,双重所有格,因此用名词性物主代词mine,a friend of mine,我的朋友,故选D。

【点评】考查动词辨析,注意双重所有格的用法。

8.——_____foggy day !

——Something must be done to solve the haze problem .

A. How

B. What

C. What a

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】感叹句主要有what和how构成:

1、what修饰名词或名词短语,有以下两种形式:1. What+a(an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!或是:What+名词词组+主语+谓语!2. What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!

2、How引导的感叹句。how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是:How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!

根据下文foggy day,选C。

【点评】考查感叹句

9.—Are you thirsty?

—Yes, please give us _______.

A. three bottle water

B. three bottle of water

C. three bottles of water

D. three bottles of waters

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:——你们口渴吗?——是的,请给我们三瓶水。water不可数名词,不可数名词的数量可以用适当的量词作单位来表示, 结构为“数词+量词+ of +不可数名词”。bottle是可数名词,所以三瓶水为three bottles of water,故选C。

【点评】考查不可数名词的复数,应体现在量词上。

10. ----Are all the students from in your class?

----No, there are only three in our class. The others are from other countries.

A. Germany; Germen

B. Germany; Germans

C. German; Germans

D. German; Germany

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:----你班上所有的学生都来自德国吗?----不,我们班只有三个德国人。其他人来自别的国家。Germany德国;Geman德国人,其复数形式是Germans,选B

11.—What else do we need to make cold beef?

— .

A. Two spoons salt

B. Two spoons of salts

C. Two spoons of salt

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:——我们还需要什么来做冷牛肉呢?——两勺盐。答语中的salt 为不可数名词。没有复数形式。a spoon of一勺,表示两勺……时,用two spoons of…。故选C。

【点评】此题考查不可数名词。注意不可数名词数量的表达方式。

12.— Kate, I'm going shopping. Anything to buy for you?

—Yes, that will save me a_____.

A. hand

B. trip

C. visit

D. bill

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意:——凯特,我要去购物,你要买东西吗?——是的,这样我就少跑一趟。A. hand 手、B. trip 旅途,路途 C. visit拜访、D. bill账单。有人帮忙买东西,自己不用去,所以就省去跑一趟,固定搭配save sb a trip 省去某人跑一趟。故选B。

【点评】考查名词辨析,固定搭配save sb a trip 。

13.(·咸宁)—Tu You you received the Nobel Prize for her ________ of anemisinin(青蒿素).—And she was the first Chinese who won the prize in science.

A. design

B. thought

C. invention

D. discovery

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:——屠呦呦因为发现了青蒿素获得了诺贝尔奖。——而且她是第一位在科学方面获得诺贝尔奖的中国人。design设计;thought想法;invention发明;discovery发现。因为anemisinin(青蒿素).是原来就存在的,因此是发现了它。故选D。【点评】考查名词辨析,结合语境选择合适的词。

14.——I'm hungry. May I have something to eat? ——OK. Here's some ________.

A. orange

B. bread

C. water

D. milk

【答案】 B

【解析】【点评】句意:——我饿了。我可以吃一些东西吗?——好的。这里有一些面包。

A.橙汁;

B.面包;

C.水;

D.牛奶。根据上句想要吃的东西,而橙汁,水及牛奶都是喝的东西,故排除ACD,故选B。

15.Did you hear the ________? A scientist will visit our school.

A. advice

B. news

C. praise

D. choice

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意:你听说这个消息了吗?一位科学家将要拜访我们的学校。A. advice意见; B. news新闻,消息,不可数;C. praise表扬,赞扬;D. choice 选择,抉择。根据语境,A scientist will visit our school.是一个消息,故答案选B。

【点评】考查名词辨析;注意理解选项的意思,根据语境选择合适意义的词。

16.—_______ expensive mobile phone it is!

—Yes, but I think _______ style is quite fashionable.

A. What a;a

B. How;the

C. What an; the

D. How an; the

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】感叹句主要有what和how构成:

1、what修饰名词或名词短语,有以下两种形式:1. What+a(an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!或是:What+名词词组+主语+谓语!2. What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!

2、How引导的感叹句。how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是:How+形容词(副

词)+主语+谓语!

上文expensive mobile phone中心词是mobile phone可数名词单数,expensive词首音素是元音,故用what an. 下文特指上文提到的手机的款式,故选C.

【点评】当how修饰动词时,动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。what与how引导的感叹句,一般情况下可以相互转换,转换后意义不变。在口语中,感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。冠词是一种虚词,在英语中只能和名词一起使用。不定冠词用在可数单数名词前,表示泛指任何一个。定冠词用在名词前表示特指某一个。在专有名词及表示泛指的复数名词前一般不要冠词,叫做零冠词。应用中需结合一定的语境来判断是用不定冠词还是用定冠词。

17.(·鄂州)—The dishes in this restaurant must be very expensive.

—Don't worry. You can enjoy yourself. It's my _________.

A. time

B. treat

C. task

D. taste

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:——餐馆里的菜一定非常贵。——别担心,你可以随便吃,我请客。It's my treat.我请客。故选B。

【点评】考查名词辨析。

18.(?云南曲靖)—Look at the clouds,so beautiful! —Wow,so many different horses, dogs,sheep.

A. sizes

B. senses

C. colors

D. shapes

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:一一看云,那么美。一一哇,那么多不同的形状的马啊,狗啊,绵羊啊。A.大小;B.感觉;C.颇色;D.外形,形状。天上的云块呈现出马啊、狗啊、绵羊啊等不同的形状,故选D。

19.(·恩施)—Henry,have you seen the English book on the ______desk?If you see it,please take it to the ______office.

—OK.()

A. teachers';teachers'

B. teacher's;teachers'

C. teacher's; teacher's

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意:——亨利,你看过老师的桌子上的英语书吗?如果你看见过,请把它带到教师的办公室.——好的.这里是名词所有格,一般是在名词后面加上"'s",表示"某某人的…",称为所属关系.第一空你看过老师的桌子上的英语书吗?",所以应该是

teacher's.以﹣s结尾的复数名词,只能在词尾加'.教师办公室teaches是以s结尾的复数名词,所以在词尾加'.故答案为B。

【点评】考查名词所有格。掌握名词所有格的基本用法。

20.(?东营)Great for football lovers—more than 50,000 soccer schools will be built in our country by the end of 2025.

A. news

B. message

C. situation

D. information

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意:足球爱好者的好消息:2025年前我国将会建立50,000多所足球学校。A. news新闻,消息;B. message消息,信息;C. situation情境,形式;D. information消息,信息。Message, information是有关某事物的信息;news则指大的消息,新闻。“2025年前我国将会建立50,000多所足球学校”是重大的新闻消息:news。故选A。

21.June 1st is Day. All the children enjoy it very much.

A. the Childrens’

B. Children's

C. Childrens’

D. the Children's

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】英语中表示节日时,前面不能用定冠词the,故排除AD;因为children 本身就是复数,故其名称所有格应该是加's,故用Children's。所以本题选B。

【点评】对于英语中的节日,一般前面不能加the,另外对于名词所有格,如果是以s结尾的复数的名词所有格则直接加’,如Teachers' Day。

22.—The river is becoming dirtier because the steel factory has put waste into it.

—Yes. We must take action to improve the .

A. condition

B. pollution

C. position

D. situation

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:这条河变得更脏了,因为钢铁厂把废物排放到了河里。是的,我们必须采取行动来改善这种情况。condition”条件,身体状况“;pollution”污染“;position”位置“;situation”情况,情形“。这里的situation指的是The river is becoming dirtier,故应选D。

【点评】考查名词辨析,区分condition,pollution,position,situation的含义。

23.—John, do you like online games?

—No. I never play online games. I think it's a waste of time and _________.

A. enemy

B. energy

C. emperor

D. equator

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:——约翰,你喜欢网络游戏吗?——不,我从不玩网络游戏。我

认为那是浪费时间和精力。A.敌人,B.能量;C.皇帝;D.赤道。根据waste 可知,只能是精力,故答案是B。

【点评】考查名词词义辨析。注意根据关键字确定句子的意思,最终确定答案。24.— Gary, have you received his _________ to the party?

— Yes, I've promised to take part in it on time.

A. invitation

B. notice

C. information

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:嘉利,你收到去聚会的邀请了吗?——是的,我保证按时参加。【点评】考查名词辨析

25.— I have ______ in learning chemistry. Could you help me with it?

— Sure, I'd love to.

A. success

B. interest

C. trouble

D. fun

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:我学习化学有困难,你能帮助我吗?当然,我很乐意。have trouble in doing sth在做某事方面有困难,故选C

【点评】词义辨析考的是学生的基础词汇知识,了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键,对于这类题,可从句意着手,同时,对于平时的学习要多进行积累词汇,考试时才能很好的完成。

26.Mr. Brown is a friend of ________. They often talk with each other on the Internet. A. my father B. my fathers C. my father's D. my fathers'

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:Brown先生是我父亲的一个朋友,他们经常在互联网上互相聊天。根据句意,我爸爸的一个朋友,用名词所有格,my father's,我父亲的,a friend of my father's,双重所有格形式,表示我父亲的……,故应选C。

【点评】本题主要是名词所有格的应用,掌握所有格的正确形式很重要

27.—I think Mary has a very sweet _______.

— Yes, I think so. She can sing songs very well.

A. voice

B. sound

C. hearing

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:——我认为Mary有很甜的……。——我也这么认为,她唱歌很好听。A.嗓音; B.声音; C.听力,结合句意选A。

【点评】考查名词词义。

28.—After walking, I feel very thirsty now.

—Let's go and buy some_____ to drink.

A. bread

B. noodles

C. orange

D. teas

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:——散步后,我现在感到很渴。——让我们去买一些桔汁来喝。

A.bread面包,

B.noodles面条,

C.orange桔汁,

D.teas茶。根据句子出现了drink,可知空缺的意义为饮料,填入orange,故选C。

【点评】考查名词辨析,注意orange的用法。

29.There'll be a________ meeting next week, and my parents will__________ come for it.

A. parent'; all

B. parents'; both

C. parent's; all

D. parent's; both

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:下周要开家长会,我的父母都将来开会。parents' meeting 家长会,固定搭配;both 两者都,all 三者或者三者以上都。my parents,我的父母,两个人,因此用both,故选B。

【点评】此题考查名词所有格和不定代词。注意复数名词的所有格形式和both,all的区别。

30.(?连云港)—It's useful for the deaf people to learn sign language.

—Yes, it's a major way of for them.

A. suggestion

B. vacation

C. production

D. communication

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:—对于聋哑人学手语是有用的。—是的,对于他们来说主要的方式是交流。A. suggestion建议; B. vacation假期; C. production成果,产品; D. communication交流,通讯。根据常识可知学习手语的目的是交流,故选D。

英语名词专项练习题

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小学英语名词 讲解及练习

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