研究生英语精读教程(第三版_上)第6单元英文原文及翻译和课后答案
Unit Six
Two Truths to Live By
Hold fast, and let go:understand this paradox*, and you standat the
very gate of wisdom
Alexander M. Schindler
[ 1 ] The art of living is to know when to hold fast and when to let go. For life is a paradox: it enjoins* us to cling to* its many gifts even while it ordains* their eventual relinquishment*The rabbis* of old put it this way: "A man comes to this world with his fist clenched*, but when he dies, his hand is open."
[1] 生活的秘诀在于懂得何时抓紧，何时放松。因为人生就是一对矛盾：它既令我们抓紧人生的多种赐与，同时它又要我们到头来把这些赐与放弃。老一辈犹太学者是这样说的：“ 一个人握紧拳头来到这个世界，但他却是松开手掌离开这世界的。”
[ 2 ] Surely we ought to hold fast to life, for it is wondrous*, and full of a beauty that breaks through* every pore* of God's own earth. We know that this is so, but all too often we recognize this truth only in our backward glance when we remember what it was and then suddenly realize that it is no more.
[2] 毫无疑问，我们应该牢牢抓住生命，因为它奇妙，它有一种在上帝创造的世界里无孔不入、无处不在的美。我们大家都知道这一点。可我们却常常是在回首往事想起它时，才能认识这一真理。此时我们会突然发觉它已不复存在了。
[ 3 ] We remember a beauty that faded, a love that waned*. But we remember with far greater pain that we did not see that beauty when it flowered, that we failed to respond with love when it was tendered.
[3] 我们能记起已经凋谢的美、已经消逝的爱。可是，我们更痛苦的回忆是：我们没有看见顶峰时的美，没有在别人以爱对我之时也以爱回报。
[ 4 ] A recent experience re-taught me this truth.. I was hospitalized* following a severe heart attack and had been in intensive care for several days. It was not a pleasant place.
[4] 最近一次经历又使我领悟到了这个真理。一场剧烈的心脏病发作后，我被送进医院，接受了几天精心护理。医院可不是一个使人愉快的地方。
[ 5 ] One morning, I had to have some additional tests. The required machines were located in a building at the opposite end of the hospital, so I had to be wheeled across the courtyard on a gurney*.
[5] 一天上午，我得加做几项检查。我要用的医疗器械安装在医院另一端的大楼里。所以我只有坐轮椅穿过院子才能到达那里。
[ 6 ] As we emerged from our unit, the sunlight hit me. That's all there was to my experience. Just the light of the sun. And yet how beautiful it was--how warming, how sparkling*, how brilliant!
[6] 当我们走出病房时，阳光正照在我身上。就我实际的经历而言，当时也没有什么别的。只不过就是阳光。而这时的阳光是多么美丽、多么温暖、多么耀眼、多么辉煌!
[ 7 ] I looked to see whether anyone else relished* the sun's golden glow, but everyone was hurrying to and fro, most with eyes fixed on the ground.Then I remembered how often I, too, had been indifferent to* the grandeur* of each day, too preoccupied* with petty* and sometimes even mean concerns to respond to the splendor* of it all
[7] 我打量着别人是否也在欣赏着这太阳的金色光芒。可是，人人都来去匆匆，大多数人的目光只盯在地上。这时我想到自己过去又何尝不是往往对每天的壮观景象视而不见，一头埋在细小的，有时甚至是卑鄙、自私的事务中，而对日常的奇观麻木不仁呢?
[ 8 ] The insight* gleaned* from that experience is really as commonplace* as was the experience itself: life's gifts are precious ----but we are too heedless* of them. [8] 从这次经历所获得的顿悟确如经历本身一样的平凡。生命的赐予是宝贵的，可惜我们对它们太掉以轻心了。
[ 9 ] Here then is the first pole of life's paradoxical demands on us: Never too busy for the wonder and the awe* of life. Be reverent* before each dawning day. Embrace each hour. Seize each golden minute.
[9] 这就是人生向我们提出的矛盾要求的第一个方面：不要因为太忙就忽视了生活中令人惊奇、令人敬畏的东西。每天黎明开始就要恭谨从事。抓紧每个小时，捉住宝贵的每一分钟。[ 10 ] Hold fast to life ... but not so fast that you cannot let go. This is the second side of life's coin, the opposite pole of its paradox: we must accept our losses, and learn how to let go.
[10] 紧紧抓住生活——可不要紧得使你不能松手。这就是生活的另一面——矛盾的另一方：我们必须接受损失，学会放松。
[ 11 ] This is not an easy lesson to learn, especially when we are young and think that the world is ours to command, that whatever we desire with the full force of our passionate* being can, nay, will, be ours. But then life moves along to confront* us with realities, and slowly but surely this second truth dawns upon* us.
[11] 这并不是容易学到手的一课。特别是当我们年轻时，认为世界是由我们掌握的。只要我们自己满腔热情、全力以赴地去渴求，不管什么东西都能够——不，一定会——得到。但是，随着生活继续前进，我们不断地面临各种现实，慢慢地但也是肯定地使我们明白了第二条真理。
[ 12 ] At every stage of life we sustain losses -- and grow in the process. We begin our independent lives only when we emerge from the womb* and lose its protective shelter. We enter a progression* of schools, then we leave our mothers and fathers and our childhood homes. We get married and have children and then have to let them go.We confront the death of our parents and our spouses*. We face the gradual or not so gradual waning of our own strength. And ultimately, as the parable* of the open and closed hand suggests, we must confront the inevitability of our own demise*, losing ourselves, as it were, all that we were or dreamed to be. [12] 在生命的每个阶段上，我们都要蒙受损失——但也是在这个过程中得到成长。我们只有在脱离娘胎、失去它的庇护时，才能开始独立生活。我们要进各级学校，继而告别父母，告别童年的家。我们要结婚生育，继而送走子女。我们要经受父母、配偶丧亡的痛苦。我们要面临体力或快或慢的逐渐消退。最终正如松手与握拳的比喻那样：我们自己也得走向不可抗拒的死亡，可以说失去原有的自身，失去我们拥有的或梦想过的一切。
[ 13 ] But why should we be reconciled* to life's contradictory* demands? Why
fashion things of beauty when beauty is evanescent*? Why give our heart in love when those we love will ultimately be torn from our grasp?
[13] 但是，为什么我们甘愿顺从于这些生活的矛盾需求呢? 既然美转眼就会消逝，那为什么我们还要去创造那些美的东西呢? 既然我们所爱的终归要被夺走，为什么我们还要倾心相爱呢?
[ 14 ] In order to resolve this paradox, we must seek a wider perspective, viewing our lives as through windows that open on eternity*. Once we do that, we realize that though our lives are finite, our deeds on earth weave a timeless pattern.
[14] 为了要解决这个矛盾，我们必须寻找一个较为广阔的视角，透过通向永恒的窗口来观看我们的生命。做到了这一点，我们会发觉，虽然我们的生命是有限的，但是我们在地球上的行为却在编织着一个没有时间限制的图案。
[ 15 ] Life is never just being. It is a becoming, a relentless* flowing on.Our parents live on through us, and we will live on through our children. The institutions we build endure, and we will endure through them. The beauty we fashion cannot be dimmed by death. Our flesh may perish*, our hands will wither*, but that which they create in beauty and goodness and truth lives on for all time to come.
[15] 生命绝不只是存在。它是变动不止的，无情地流逝不息的。父母的生命在我们身上延续，而我们的生命又将在我们的子女身上延续。我们建立的习俗制度会持续下去，而我们的生命就活在其中。我们创造的美好的东西不会因为我们的死亡而暗淡无光。我们的肉体会消亡，我们的双手也会枯萎，但它们在真善美中所创造的一切将在日后长存!
[ 16 ] Don't spend and waste your lives accumulating objects that will only turn to dust and ashes. Pursue not so much the material as the ideal, for ideals alone invest life with meaning and are of enduring worth.
[16] 不要为了积聚那些只会变成尘土、化作灰烬的东西耗尽你的精力、你的生命。与其追求物质不如追求理想，因为只有理想才能使生命有意义，才有长存的价值。
[ 17 ] Add love to a house and you have a home. Add righteousness* to a city and you have a community. Add truth to a pile of red brick and you have a school. Add religion to the humblest of edifices* and you have a sanctuary*.Add justice to the far-flung* round of human endeavor* and you have civilization. Put them all together, exalt* them above their present imperfections, add to them the vision of humankind redeemed*, forever free of need and strife* and you have a future lighted with the radiant* colors of hope.
[17] 一所房屋加上爱心，你就有了一个家；一个城市加上正直守法，你就有了一个社区；在一堆红砖上加上真理，你就有了一所学校；哪怕是最卑微简陋的建筑，只要有宗教，你就有了一所圣殿；把公正加在长期的人生努力奋斗中，你就有了文明教养。把这一切聚合起来，加以提高，使之超越于现存的缺点，还要有人类得到拯救的憧憬，永远无求无争，那么你将会有一个闪耀着希望的绚丽光彩的未来。
Key to the Exercises
Exercise A
Ⅰ. Comprehension
A. 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. D 10. B
B. 1. It is to know when to hold fast and when to let go.
2. To hold fast to life, we should enjoy life with abandon.
3. To let go, we should learn to deal with the losses we suffer in our life.
4. To make our life worth living, we should own our life and know how
to treasure it.
Ⅱ. Vocabulary
A. 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. A
B. 11. D 12. D 13. C 14. D 15. B 16. D 17. C 18. C 19. B 20. A
Ⅲ. Cloze
1. D
2. D
3. C
4. C
5. D
6. A
7. C
8. A
9. D 10. B 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. D Ⅳ. Translation
A. 我们必须猛回头来寻求人民的智慧，这日子已经不远了。那一天，我们将不得不找出世上未受过教育的人，即头脑还没有被学问弄糊涂的人，来更新我们的头脑。为了学习，我们将不得不忘掉许多东西。而这只有在我们获得了那种智慧之后，我们才会知道怎样来利用我们已获得的知识。一盎司智慧抵得上百万吨书本，应该让那些学问欠缺而懂得怎样生活，怎样维持健康，保养精力的人有机会教我们怎样利用更多的、能够利用的知识而不至感到知识缺乏。让我们从未受过教育的人的智慧中寻求公正、美丽、宽容和对自然规律的理解吧。Notes:
文中Para. [2]：They who have known ... starving ... 这句中：
(1) 该句为“more ... than, less ... than” 句型的一种特殊句法结构，即
在more than 或less than 等词后面的分句中不用主语。
例如：
①More is meant than meets the ear. ( 话里有话。)
②She fulfilled her quota, as always, in less time than was allotted.
( 像经常一样，她没到限定的时间就完成了定额。)
③They make light of keeping people waiting longer than is necessary.
( 他们对不必要地使人久等满不在乎。)
(2) 这里的to live on less 是比喻用法，less 指less learning 而言。
B. 1. The reality we are confronted with is that we enjoy not so much life’s rewards as life’s process.
2. It slowly dawned on me that the love, the joy as well as the sufferings
were so precious, for they marked the existence of life.
3. Don’t be indifferent to something in life that is too wondrous for description.
4. He is too preoccupied with personal affairs to live happily.
5. Ideals are of enduring worth, and worthy of pursuance.
6. He sees things in their right perspective.
7. The enemies will never be reconciled to their defeat.
8. Whether 60 or 16, there is in every human being’s heart the lure ofwonder, the unfailing childlike appetite of what’s next and the joyof the game of living. In the center of your heart and my heart thereis a wireless station: so long as it receives messages of beauty, hope,cheer, courage and power from men and from the Infinite (or God),so long are you young.
Ⅴ. Writing
Suggested passage:
What I Have Learned from the Lesson
The author’s “truths to live by” is something that he has gleaned from his life experience. Inspired by his deep understanding of the nature of life, I’m determined to begin my life anew. Life is full of wonder and beauty. We must enjoy ourselves with abandon and in time. And we should never be too busy for it. See the beauty before it fades, respond with love before it wanes. Besides, look on those appearing commonplace as something that does not easily come by and you’ll treasure them all the more. Life’s gifts are precious. Owning life and understanding how to treasure it are all there is to a happy and beautiful life.
Just as every coin has two sides, so does life. We sustain more or less
losses all our lives while we enjoy love, beauty and everything splendid. We must let go of them and don’t let them bother us, for they are after all part
of life, which still signifies the existence of life. The most important thing is to make best use of life for our benefit for our health and well-being, and
our lofty ideal.
Exercise B
Ⅰ. 1. charcoal 2. chamber 3. Casual 4. broom 5. corrupt 6. Circulation 7. bald 8. Dam 9. Counsel 10. bearing 11. circus, clowns 12. correspondence
13. currency 14. courteous 15. beggars
Ⅱ. 1. who 2. because, of 3. that 4. with, until 5. who, in 6. What, response7. Though, through 8. After 9. which, which, against 10. that, for 11. that, when 12. when 13. of, if 14. which, no matter how 15. that, into
Ⅲ. 1. was, bearing 2. to conceive of 3. bids, to pay 4. Counsel 5. to avenge, punish 6. Craned 7. darkened, heard 8. Clamp 9. diverge, come 10. to array 11. diminishing 12. Daring 13. ascertain 14. denouncing, whaling 15. exists, originate, radiated
Exercise C
Ⅰ. 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C
5. telephone: an instrument that reproduces sound that comes from far
away (tele: far; phon: sound)
telegram: a written message sent far away (tele: far; gram: written) television: an instrument that produces a picture of something that is far away (tele: far; vision: ability to see)
6. When he or she wants to take a picture of something far away
7. Interstate commerce is business between different states. Intrastate commerce is business within one state.
8. Word analysis indicates that “conspirators” means ones who breathe together (con: together; spir: breathe; ors: ones who). According to the dictionary, conspirators are people who join in a secret agreement, especially in order to commit an unlawful act. The meanings of the word parts have become general; “breathing together” is related to the idea of“planning and working together quietly or in secret”.
Ⅱ. 1. C 2. A 3. E 4. B 5. D 6. H 7. I 8. F 9. G 10. J
?Supplementary Reading
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. D
8. A
9. A
Part ⅠListening Comprehension
1. D
2. C
3. B
4. A
5. B
6. D
7. A
8. C
9. A 10. B 11. A 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. D
16. It is difficult for them to feel happy without money.
17. Happiness does not depend on money.
18. They like themselves.
19. They are positive thinkers.
20. They are easygoing and friendly.
Part ⅡVocabulary
21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. B 34.
D 35. B 36. D 37. C 38. D 39. D 40. B
Part ⅢCloze Test
41. C 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. B
Part ⅣReading Comprehension
51. D 52. C 53. D 54. D 55. A 56. B 57. D 58. C 59. D 60. C
61. B 62. C 63. D 64. C 65. A 66. A 67. A 68. C 69. B 70. B
71. A 72. B 73. B 74. B 75. D 76. B 77. B 78. A 79. A 80. A
Part ⅤTranslation
Section A
聪明的人懂得整个人生布局中的一切事物各归其位。他懂得金钱和财富是手
段却不是目的。他知道一时的欢愉有别于持久的满足，伟大有别于成名，敬虔有
别于迷信，文学艺术领域乃至整个人生的实力有别于做秀。他知道人生命运躲不
过邪恶，人生必有所失，死亡、疾病和衰老必会临到我们。聪明的人以平和的心
面对这一切。
Section B
A day without hope would be unimaginably pale [dull] . There must be
something to look forward to each day to keep it out of shadows. To a person cherishing hopes every morning rises a new sun. Deprived of water, soil turns into desert. Deprived of hope, What is left to a man? A small hope sustains you for a day, a great one for a lifetime.
Part ⅥWriting
略。
综合英语(一)课文及翻译
Lesson One: The Time Message Elwood N, Chapman 新的学习任务开始之际，千头万绪，最重要的是安排好时间，做时间的主人。本文作者提出了7点具体建议，或许对你有所启迪。 1 Time is tricky. It is difficult to control and easy to waste. When you look a head, you think you have more time than you need. For Example,at the beginning of a semester, you may feel that you have plenty of time on your hands, but toward the end of the term you may suddenly find that time is running out. You don't have enough time to cover all your duties (duty), so you get worried. What is the answer? Control! 译：时间真是不好对付，既难以控制好，又很容易浪费掉，当你向前看时，你觉得你的时间用不完。例如，在一个学期的开始，你或许觉得你有许多时间，但到学期快要结束时，你会突然发现时间快用光了，你甚至找不出时间把所有你必须干的事情干完，这样你就紧张了。答案是什么呢？控制。 2 Time is dangerous. If you don't control it, it will control you. I f you don't make it work fo r you, it will work against you. So you must become the master of time, not its servant. As a first-year college student, time management will be your number one Problem. 译：时间是危险的，如果你控制不了时间，时间就会控制你，如果你不能让时间为你服务，它就会起反作用。所以，你必须成为时间的主人，而不是它的奴仆，作为刚入学的大学生，妥善安排时间是你的头等大事。 3 Time is valuable. Wasting time is a bad habit. It is like a drug. The more time you waste,the easier it is to go on wasting time. If seriously wish to get the most out of college, you must put the time message into practice. 译：时间是珍贵的，浪费时间是个坏习惯，这就像毒品一样，你越浪费时间，就越容易继续浪费下去，如果你真的想充分利用上大学的机会，你就应该把利用时间的要旨付诸实践。 Message1. Control time from the beginning. 4 Time is today, not tomorrow or next week. Start your plan at the Beginning of the term. 译：抓紧时间就是抓紧当前的时间，不要把事情推到明天或是下周，在学期开始就开始计划。 Message2. Get the notebook habit. 5 Go and buy a notebook today, Use it to plan your study time each day. Once a weekly study plan is prepared, follow the same pattern every week with small changes. Sunday is a good day to make the Plan for the following week.
大学英语精读第三册课后翻译
Unit1 翻译 1) 发言人（spokesman）明确表示总统在任何情况下都不会取消（cancel）这次旅行。 The spokesman made it clear that the President would not cancel the trip under any circumstances. 2) 杰克对书架上那些书一本也不了解，所以他的选择是很随意的。 Jack didn't know anything about any of the books on the bookshelf, so his choice was quite arbitrary. 3) 随后发生的那些事件再次证明了我的猜疑（suspicions）是对的。(confirm) The subsequent events confirmed my suspicions once again. 4) 我认为我们应该鼓励中学生在暑假找临时工作。 I think we should encourage high school students to find temporary jobs / employment during their summer holidays. 5) 令我们吃惊的是，这位常被赞为十分正直的州长（governor）竟然是个贪官（corrupt official）。 To our surprise, the governor who had often been praised for his honesty turned out to be a corrupt official. 6) 少数工人得到提升（be promoted），与此同时却有数百名工人被解雇。 A few workers were promoted, but meanwhile hundreds of workers were dismissed. 7) 如果有机会，约翰也许已成为一位杰出的画家了。(given) Given the chance, John might have become an outstanding painter. 8) 数小时后，有人看见那个男孩在林子里瞎转。 Several hours later, the boy was found wandering around in the woods. Unit2 翻译 迅速方便地获得信息是很重要，但学会以新的方式看信息甚至更为重要。医学上一次重大突破也许能说明这一观点。科学家本想寻找一种治天花的特效药，但他们没有成功。英国医生爱德华·詹纳放弃寻找特效药，而是通过找到一种
5篇英语精读文章+翻译
1.Can We Know the Universe? - Reflections on a Grain of Salt Carl Sagan Science is a way of thinking much more than it is a body of knowledge. Its goal is to find out how the world works, to seek what regularities there may be, to penetrate to the connections of things - from sub-nuclear particles, which may be the constituents of all matter, to living organisms, the human social community, and thence to the cosmos as a whole. Our intuition is by no means an infallible guide. Our perceptions may be distorted by training and prejudice or merely because of the limitations of our sense organs, which, of course, perceive directly but a small fraction of the phenomena of the world. Even so straightforward a question as whether in the absence of friction a pound of lead falls faster than a grain of fluff was answered incorrectly by Aristotle and almost everyone else before the time of Galileo. Science is based on experiment, on a willingness to challenge old dogma, on an openness to see the universe as it really is. Accordingly, science sometimes requires courage-at the very least, the courage to question the conventional wisdom. But to what extent can we really know the universe around us? Sometimes this question is posed by people who hope the answer will be in the negative, who are fearful of a universe in which everything might one day be known. And sometimes we hear pronouncements from scientists who confidently state that everything worth knowing will soon be known - or even is already known. Let us approach a much more modest question: not whether we can know the universe or the Milky Way Galaxy or a star or a world. Can we know ultimately and in detail, a grain of salt? Consider one microgram of table salt, a speck just barely large enough for someone with keen eyesight to make out without a microscope. In that grain of salt there are about 1016 sodium and chlorine atoms. This is a 1 followed by 16 zeros, 10 million billion atoms. If we wish to know a grain of salt, we must know at least the three-dimensional positions of each of these atoms. (In fact, there is much more to be known - for example, the nature of the forces between the atoms - but we are making only a modest calculation.) Now, is this number more or less than the number of things which the brain can know? How much can the brain know? There are perhaps 1011 neurons in the brain, the circuit elements and switches that are responsible in their electrical and chemical activity for the functioning of our minds. A typical brain neuron has perhaps a thousand little wires, called dendrites, which connect it with its fellows. If, as seems likely, every bit of information in the brain corresponds to one of these connections, the total number of things knowable by the brain is no more than 1014, one hundred trillion. But this number is only one percent of the number of atoms in our speck of salt.
英语原文及其翻译
Exploring Filipino School Counselors’ Beliefs about Learning Allan B. I. Bernardo [Abstract] School reform efforts that focus on student learning require school counselors to take on important new roles as advocates of student learning and achievement.But how do school counselors understand the process of learning? In this study, we explore the learning beliefs of 115 Filipino school counselors who indicated their degree of agreementwith 42 statements about the process of learning and the factors thatinfluence this process.A principal components analysis of the responses to the 42 statements suggested three factors:(F1)social-cognitive constructivist beliefs, (F2) teacher-curriculum-centered behaviorist beliefs,and (F3) individual difference factors.The preliminary results are briefly discussed in terms of issues related to how Filipino school counselors’ conceptions of learning may guide their strategies for promoting student learning and achievement. [Key words]beliefs about learning, conceptions of learning, school counselors, student learning, Philippines School reform efforts in different parts of the world have focusedon students’learning. In particular,most school improvement programsnow aim to ensure that students acquire the high-level knowledge and skills that help them to thrive in today’s highly competitive globaleconomy (e.g., Lee & Williams, 2006). I n this regard, school reform programs draw from various contemporary theories and research on learning (e.g.,Bransford,Brown, & Cocking, 1999; Lambert & McCombs, 1998).The basic idea is that all school improvement efforts should be directed at ensuring students achieve high levels of learning or attainment of well-defined curricular objectives and standards.For example, textbooks (Chien & Young, 2007), computers and educational technology (Gravoso, 2002; Haertnel & Means, 2003;Technology in Schools Task Force, 2003), and educational assessment systems (Black & Wiliam2004; Cheung & Ng, 2007; Clark, 2001; Stiggins, 2005) are being reconsidered as regards how they can effectively provide scaffolds and resources for advancing student learning. Likewise,the allocation and management of a school’s financial resources are assessed in terms ofwhether these are effectively mobilized and utilized towards improving student learning (Bolam, 2006; Chung & Hung, 2006; Retna, 2007). In this regard, some advocates have also called for an examination of the role of school counselors in these reform efforts (Herr, 2002). Inthe United States, House and Hayes (2002) challenged school counselors to take proactive leadership roles in advocating for the success of all
大学英语精读4课后翻译答案
Unit1翻译 1) 我们接到通知，财政部长将于次日接见我们。 We were informed that the Minister of Finance was to give us an audience /receive us the next day. 2) 我觉得很奇怪，他似乎不记得自己的生日。 I thought it odd that he didn't seem to remember his own birthday. 3) 学期论文最迟应在下星期二交来，可是至今大部分学生却几无进展。 Next Tuesday is the deadline for handing in the term papers, but most students have hardly made a dent in the work so far. 4) 看到学生人数不断减少，校长心里很难受。(pain) It pained the headmaster to find the number of students shrinking. 5) 在那个国家一般用现金付账，但支票变得普遍起来了，不久会代替现金作为人们结账的一种方式。 Cash is commonly used in paying bills in that country, but checks are becoming more popular and will, in a short while, replace cash as a way for people to settle their accounts. 6) 该公司声称，这条河流的污染不是它造成的。 The company claims that it is not responsible for the pollution in the river. Unit2翻译 1) 比尔已是个成熟的小伙子，不再依赖父母替他做主。 Bill is a mature young man who is no longer dependent on his parents for decisions. 2) 这个地区有大量肉类供应，但新鲜果蔬奇缺。 There are abundant supplies of meat in this region, but fresh fruit and vegetables are scarce. 3) 工程师们依靠工人们的智慧发明了一种新的生产方法，使生产率得以提高。 Drawing on the wisdom of the workers, the engineers invented a new production method that led to increased productivity. 4) 他花了许多时间准备数学考试，因此当他获知自己只得了个B时感到有点失望。 He spent a lot of time preparing for his math exam. Hence he was somewhat disappointed to learn that he got only a B. 5) 我们有充裕的时间从从容容吃顿午饭。
现代大学英语精读翻译
现代大学英语精读翻译 Revised by Hanlin on 10 January 2021
第三课 T1. Today we are in the throes of a worldwide reformation of cultures, a tectonic shift of habits and dreams called, in the curious vocabulary of social scientists, “globalization”. (Para.1)今天我们正经历着一种世界范围文化剧变的阵痛,一种习俗与追求的结构性变化,用社会科学家奇特的词汇来称呼这种变化,就叫“全球化”. T2. Whatever their backgrounds or agendas, these critics are convinced that Western—often equated with American—influences will flatten every cultural crease, producing, as one observer terms it, one big “McWorld”. (Para.4) 不管他们的背景和纲领如何,这些对全球化持反对态度的人深信西方的影响—往往等同于美国的影响—会把所有文化上的差异一一压平,就像一位观察家所说的,最终产生一个麦当劳世界,一个充斥美国货和体现美国价值观的世界. T3. But I also discovered that cultures are as resourceful, resilient, and unpredictable as the people who compose them. (Para.8) 不过我也发现文化就如同构成文化的民族一样,善于随机应变,富有弹性而且不可预测.
英文翻译(原文)
GRA VITY RETAINING?WALL 1. INTRODUCTION Retaining walls are structures used to provide stability for earth or other material where conditions disallow the mass to assume its natural slope, and are commonly used to hold back or support soilbanks,coal or ore piles, and water. Retaining walls are classified, based on the method of achieving stability, into six principal types (Fig.1). The gravity-wall depends upon its weight, as the name implies, for stability. The cantilever wall is a reinforced-concrete wall that utilizes cantilever action to retain the mass behind the wall from assuming a natural slope. Stability of this wall is partially achieved from the weight of soil on the heel portion of the base slab. A counterfort retaining wall is similar to a cantilever retaining wall, except that it is used where the cantilever is long or for very high pressures behind wall and has counterforts, which tie the wall and base together, built at intervals along the wall to reduce the bending moments and sheers. As indicated in Fig.1c, the counterfort is behind the wall and subjected to tensile forces. A buttressed retaining wall is similar to a counterfort wall, except that the bracing is in front of the wall and is in compression instead of tension. Two other types of walls not considered further are crib walls, which are built-up members of pieces of precast concrete, metal, or timber and are supported by anchor pieces embedded in the soil for stability, and semigravity walls, which are walls intermediate between a true gravity and a cantilever wall. (a)(b)(e)
英语原文及翻译
高速视频处理系统中的信号完整性分析 摘要：结合高速DSP图像处理系统讨论了高速数字电路中的信号完整性问题，分析了系统中信号反射、串扰、地弹等现象破坏信号完整性的原因，通过先进IS工具的辅助设计，找出了确保系统信号完整性的具体方法。 关键词：高速电路设计信号完整性 DSP系统 深亚微米工艺在IC设计中的使用使得芯片的集成规模更大、体积越来越小、引脚数越来越多；由于近年来IC工艺的发展，使得其速度越来越高。从而，使得信号完整性问题引起电子设计者广泛关注。 在视频处理系统中，多维并行输入输出信号的频率一般都在百兆赫兹以上，而且对时序的要求也非常严格。本文以DSP图像处理系统为背景，对信号完整性进行准确的理论分析，对信号完整性涉及的典型问题[1]——不确定状态、传输线效应、反射、串扰、地弹等进行深入研究，并且从实际系统入手，利用IS仿真软件寻找有效的途径，解决系统的信号完整性问题。 1 系统简介 为了提高算法效率，实时处理图像信息，本图像处理系统是基于DSP+FPGA结构设计的。系统由SAA7111A视频解码器、TI公司的TMS320C6701 DSP、Altera公司的EPlK50QC208 FPGA、PCI9054 PCI接口控制器以及SBRAM、SDRAM、FIFO、FLASH等构成。FPGA是整个系统的时序控制中心和数据交换的桥梁，而且能够对图像数据实现快速底层处理。DSP是整个系统实时处理高级算法的核心器件。系统结构框图如图1所示。 在整个系统中，PCB电路板的面积仅为15cm×l5cm，系统时钟频率高达167MHz，时钟沿时间为0．6ns。由于系统具有快斜率瞬变和极高的工作频率以及很大的电路密度，使得如何处理高速信号问题成为一个制约设计成功的关键因素。 2 系统中信号完整性问题及解决方案 2．1 信号完整性问题产生机理 信号的完整性是指信号通过物理电路传输后，信号接收端看到的波形与信号发送端发送的波形在容许的误差范围内保持一致，并且空间邻近的传输信号间的相互影响也在容许的范围之内。因此，信号完整性分析的主要目标是保证高速数字信号可靠的传输。实际信号总是存在电压的波动，如图2所示。在A、B两点由于过冲和振铃[2]的存在使信号振幅落入阴影部分的不确定区，可能会导致错误的逻辑电平发生。总线信号传输的情况更加复杂，任何一个信号发生相位上的超前或滞后都可能使总线上数据出错，如图3所示。图中，CLK为时钟信号，D0、D1、D2、D3是数据总线上的信号，系统允许信号最大的建立时间[1]为△t。在正常情况下，D0、D1、D2、D3信号建立时间△t1<△t，在△t时刻之后数据总线的数据已稳定，系统可以从总线上采样到正确的数据，如图3(a)所示。相反，当信号D1、D2、D3受过冲和振铃等信号完整问题干扰时，总线信号就发生
大学英语精读2 课后翻译题答案
第一单元 1.她砰地关上门，一声不吭地走了，他们之间 那场争执就此结束。 Their argument ended when she slammed the door and left without a word. 2. 出席晚宴的客人对那个美国人威严的语气 感到有点意外。 The guests at the dinner party were slightly surprised at the commanding tone of the American. 3. 约翰尼已长大成熟，不再害怕独自呆在家里了。 Johnny has outgrown the fear of staying at home alone. 4. 当全部乘客都向出口处(exit) 走去时，他却独自留在座位上，好像不愿意离开这架飞机似的。 While all the other passengers made for the exit, he alone remained in his seat as if unwilling to leave the plane. 5. 这封信必须交给威尔逊博士本人。 The letter is to be handed to Dr. Wilson himself. 6. 南希虽然很想参加辩论，但腼腆得不敢开口。 While she felt like joining in the argument, Nancy was too shy to open her mouth. 7. 你觉得什么时候最有可能在家里找到他？ What do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home? 8. 猎人一看见有只狐狸从树丛中出现并向他设下(lay) 的陷阱(trap) 方向跑去，脸上顿时闪出了兴奋的表情。 The hunter’s face lit up with excitement as soon as he saw a fox emerge from among the bushes and run in the direction of / make for the trap he had laid 第二单元 1) 会上有人建议任命一个十一人委员会来制定新章程。 It was suggested at the meeting that a committee of eleven be appointed to make a new constitution. 2) 这些青年科学家通过现场观察，获得了研究工作所需的第一手资料。 By making on-the-spot observations, the young scientists obtained first-hand information they needed in their research work. 3) 他很可能会因视力不好而被拒收入伍。 It is very likely that he will be rejected by the army because of his bad eyesight. 4) 委员会成员在新机场最佳选址(location) 这一问题上持有不同意见。 The committee members have conflicting opinions as to the best location of the new airport. 5) 亨利创作的艺术品在许多方面比他兄弟的要好。 Henry's works of art are superior in many respects to those of his brother's. 6) 我们产品质量的稳步提高在很大程度上是由于设备有所改进。 The steady rise in the quality of our products owes much to the improvement of our equipment. 7) 吉姆本想按照自己的判断行事，但他没有这样做，因为作为军人他得服从命令。Jim would have preferred to act on his own judgment, but he didn't because as a soldier he had to obey the order.
大学英语精读第一册课文翻译全
Unit1 课程开始之际，就如何使学习英语的任务更容易提出一些建议似乎正当其时。 Some Strategies or Learning English 学习英语绝非易事。它需要刻苦和长期努力。 虽然不经过持续的刻苦努力便不能期望精通英语，然而还是有各种有用的学习策略可以用来使这一任务变得容易一些。以下便是其中的几种。 1. 不要以完全同样的方式对待所有的生词。你可曾因为简直无法记住所学的所有生词而抱怨自己的记忆力太差？其实，责任并不在你的记忆力。如果你一下子把太多的生词塞进头脑，必定有一些生词会被挤出来。你需要做的是根据生词日常使用的频率以不同的方式对待它们。积极词汇需要经常练习，有用的词汇必须牢记，而在日常情况下不常出现的词只需见到时认识即可。你会发现把注意力集中于积极有用的词上是扩大词汇量最有效的途径。 2．密切注意地道的表达方式。你可曾纳闷过，为什么我们说我对英语感兴趣是I'm 湩整敲瑳摥椠?湅汧獩屨，而说我精于法语则是???潧摯愠?牆湥档？你可曾问过自己，为什么以英语为母语的人说获悉消息或秘密是汜慥湲琠敨渠睥?牯猠捥敲屴，而获悉某人的成功或到来却是汜慥湲漠?潳敭湯?环猠捵散獳漠?牡楲慶屬？这些都是惯用法的例子。在学习英语时，你不仅必须注意词义，还必须注意以英语为母语的人在日常生活中如何使用它。 3．每天听英语。经常听英语不仅会提高你的听力，而且有助你培养说的技能。除了专为课程准备的语言磁带外，你还可以听英语广播，看英语电视和英语电影。第一次听录好音的英语对话或语段，你也许不能听懂很多。先试着听懂大意，然后再反复地听。你会发现每次重复都会听懂更多的东西。 4．抓住机会说。的确，在学校里必须用英语进行交流的场合并不多，但你还是可以找到练习讲英语的机会。例如，跟你的同班同学进行交谈可能就是得到一些练习的一种轻松愉快的方式。还可以找校园里以英语为母语的人跟他们随意交谈。或许练习讲英语最容易的方式是高声朗读，因为这在任何时间，任何地方，不需要搭档就可以做到。例如，你可以看着图片18 / 1 或身边的物件，试着对它们详加描述。你还可以复述日常情景。在商店里购物或在餐馆里吃完饭付过账后，假装这一切都发生在一个讲英语的国家，试着用英语把它表演出来。 5．广泛阅读。广泛阅读很重要，因为在我们的学习环境中，阅读是最重要、最可靠的语言输入来源。在选择阅读材料时，要找你认为有趣的、不需要过多依赖词典就能看懂的东西。开始时每天读一页是个好办法。接下去，你就会发现你每天可以读更多页，而且能对付难度更高的材料。6．经常写。写作是练习你已经学会的东西的好方法。除了老师布置的作文，你还可以找到自己要写的理由。有个笔友可以提供很好的动力；与某个跟你趣味相投但来自不同文化的人进行交流，你会学到很多东西。经常写作的其他方式还有记日记，写小故事或概述每天的新闻。 语言学习是一个积累的过程。从读和听中吸收尽量多的东西，然后再试着把学到的东西通过说和写加以运用，定会大有收益。 Unit2 弗朗西斯·奇切斯特在六十五岁时开始了只身环球航行。本文记述的就是这一冒险故事。 Sailing Round the Word 弗朗西斯·奇切斯特在独自驾船作环球航行之前，已有好几次让他的朋友们感到吃惊了。他曾试图作环球飞行，但没有成功。那是1931年。 好多年过去了。他放弃了飞行，开始航海。他领略到航海的巨大乐趣。奇切斯特在首届横渡大西洋单人航海比赛中夺魁时，已经五十八岁。他周游世界的宿愿重又被唤起，不过这一次他是要驾船环游。由于他患有肺癌，朋友们和医生们都认为他不该去，但奇切斯特决意实施自己的计划。
科普版英语六年级下册课文及翻译 (直接打印版)
Lesson 1 I’m not feeling well. Let’s talk （M=Mom, T= Tom） M: What,'s the matter, Tom T: I'm not feeling well, Mom M: Do you have a cold T: Yes, I think so. Could you give me some water, please M: Here you are. T: Thank you, Mom. M: Tom, you must go and see a doctor. T: OK, Mom. M: It's cold outside. You must wear your coat. T: OK, Mom. Could you pass me my coat,please M: Here you are. T: Thank you, Mom M: Tell me your teacher's number. I'll call him and tell him you are sick. T: OK. Here it is. 译文 (M=妈妈,T=汤姆) 妈妈:怎么了,汤姆 汤姆:我感觉不舒服,妈妈。 妈妈:你感冒了吗 汤姆:是的,我想是这样的。您能给我一些水吗 妈妈:给你。 汤姆:谢谢您,妈妈。 妈妈:汤姆,你必须去看医生. 汤姆:好的,妈妈。 妈妈:外面很冷。你必须穿你的外套。 汤姆:好的,妈妈。您能把我的外套递给我吗 妈妈:给你。 汤姆:谢谢您,妈妈。 妈妈:告诉我你老师的电话号码。我将给他打电话告诉他你生病了。
大学英语精读课后句子翻译
大学英语精读翻译 Unit1 1) 史密斯太太对我抱怨说，她经常发现与自己十六岁的女儿简直无法沟通。 Mrs. Smith complained to me that she often found it simply impossible to communicate with her 16-year-old daughter. 2) 我坚信，阅读简写的(simplified) 英文小说是扩大我们词汇量的一种轻松愉快的方法。 I firmly believe that reading simplified English novels is an easy and enjoyable way of enlarging our vocabulary. 3) 我认为我们在保护环境不受污染(pollution) 方面还做得不够。 I don’t think we’re doing enough to protect our environment from pollution. 4) 除了每周写作文外，我们的英语老师还给我们布置了八本书在暑假里阅读。 In addition to/Apart from writing composition a weekly basis, our English teacher assigned us eight books to read during the summer vacation. 5) 我们从可靠的消息来源获悉下学期一位以英语为母语的人将要教我们英语口语。
We’ve learned from reliable sources that a native English speaker is going to teach us spoken English next term/semester. 6) 经常看英语电影不仅会提高你的听力，而且还会帮助你培养说的技能。 Seeing English movies on a regular basis will not only improve your ear, but will also help you build your speaking skills. 7) 如果你们对这些学习策略有什么问题，请随便问我。我将更详细地进行讲解。 If you have any questions about these learning strategies, please feel free to ask me. And I’ll explain them in greater detail. 8) 那个加拿大女孩善于抓住每个机会讲汉语。这就是她为什么三年不到就熟练地掌握了汉语口语的原因。 The Canadian girl is good at seizing every opportunity to speak Chinese. That’s why she has gained a good command of spoken Chinese in less than three years. Unit2 1) 幸好附近有家医院，我们立刻把他送到了那里。 Fortunately there was a hospital nearby and we took him there at once.