2010年英语专业四级答案与解析

2010年英语专业四级答案与解析
2010年英语专业四级答案与解析

2010答案与解析:

81. B。细节类。第一段第四行:“Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science.”,社会的进步依靠于科学的两个不同方面。所以选B。

82. A。细节类。第三段作者阐述了什么是科学家必须具备的好奇心,可用排除法。

83. A。细节类。第五段“He is skeptical — he does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available.”,科学家常常对于没有建立在充分证据上的论断持怀疑态度。

84. C。主旨类。文章第三段“What are these special methods of thinking and acting?”是全文的主题句。文章解释了科学家的思考和行为方式。

85. B。态度类。文章客观描述了科学家的思考和行为方式,没有加入个人的主观评价

86. A。细节类。第一段第四行“Only recently has Latin America begun to receive some attention as well.”,直到最近,拉美文化引起了人们的关注。

87. D。细节类。第二段“These lines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain.”。

88. C。推理类。“Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senseless mess. The images are so large that they can only be viewed at a height of 1,000 feet — meaning from an aircraft.”,从平地上看,这些图案看上去乱糟糟,没有任何意义,图形太大了,所以越高看得越清楚。

89. B。细节类。第三段“Today there is a new and heightened interest in the Nazca lines. It is a direct result of the creation of the Internet.”,人们对于纳斯卡线条越来越感兴趣是因为因特网的传播。

90. D。态度类。最后一段“Will the Internet help explain these unsolved mysteries? Perhaps it is a step in the right direction.”,作者对于因特网解决疑难问题是充满信心的。

91. B。推理类。第一段“Graduation speeches are a bit like wedding toasts. A few are memorable. The rest tend to trigger such thoughts as, ‘Why did I wear such uncomfortable shoes?’”,毕业演讲有点像婚礼上的致辞,有些片段是难忘的,但是其余的时刻总让我们回想起当时的细节,比如我为什么要穿这双不舒服的鞋呢。

92. D。推理类。“Every year a few colleges and universities in the US attract attention because they’ve managed to book high-profile speakers. And, every

year, the media report some of these speakers’ wise remarks.”,在毕业演讲上,演讲者比演讲内容还要重要。每年都有些大学请来高调的演讲者。

93. D。细节类。文章中举了几个有名的毕业演讲,关于死亡、成功、为社会服务。可用排除法。

94. C。推理类。倒数第二段“You know he’s right; you just don’t want to think about it at that particular moment.”,在重要的时刻,当大人物演讲时,你知道他说的是正确的,但往往记不住他到底说了些什么。

95. C。细节类。最后一段“our most‘memorable’occasions may elicit the fewest memories.”,成长中的第一课包括,我们往往会遗忘重要时刻的细节。

96. D。推理类。第一段“for the English, the kind of meal and the kind of food that is served relate to the kinds of social links between people who are eating together.”,对于英国人来说,食物的品种和内容是由一起吃饭的人的关系来决定的。

97. C。细节类。第二段作者描述了在近东国家的吃饭习俗,丈夫和妻儿分开来吃饭。

98. A。推理类。可用排除法。在一起进餐可反映出进餐者的社会关系、婚姻状况和家庭关系。

99. D。推理类。最后一段作者讲述了印度人的饮食文化和社会阶层紧密相关。100. D。主旨类。文章讨论了中西方国家饮食习俗和文化之间的关系。

2012答案及解析:

81. C。细节类。文章第二段“According to a recent survey, 19 other ways of

expressing appreciation finished ahead of ‘thank you’ in a poll of 3000 people.”根据调查结果,除了“thank you”还有其他表达感谢的方式。

82. B。细节类。“Interestingly, one word that didn’t make it into the top 20 was ‘thanks’”

83. D。推理类。在回答“awesome”“brilliant”时,可以回答“no problem”

“sure”.

84. A。推理类。在选择表达感谢的方式时,要考虑是否正式,还要考虑文化和环境因素。

85. C。推理类。最后一段作者鼓励人们要及时表达感谢。

86. B。主旨类。文章第一段描述了经济衰退对美国人的工作和生活的巨大影响。

87. D。推理类。从第二段中我们知道Cindy家庭因为工作,新买了一套房子,但是不能把自己住的房子卖掉,所以要还两套房子的贷款。因此家庭经济困难。

88. A。推理类。从文章第三段我们知道Cindy从园艺工作中收获颇多。

89. C。细节类。从文章第四段我们得知,耕种使得家庭联系更紧密,孩子们也更有热情参与其中。

90. B。推理类。文章最后一段中“I feel accomplished and I’m more confident attempting things I’ve never done before.”, 我们可以推理出困难时期的经历让Cindy更加自信和乐观。

91. D。推理类。文章第一段,作者提到电影《毕业生》,主人公因为受到有夫之妇的

诱惑而陷入痛苦中,而现在的年轻人就没那么幸运了,他们最大的问题就是毕业后找不到工作。

92. A。态度类。从全文看,作者对于年轻人的失业问题较为悲观。

93. D。态度类。文章第三段“That was not too smart”. 可以看出作者持轻微批

评态度。

94. B。细节类。文章第四段,”Parents feel as badly let down as the young people

themselves”.对于失业,年轻人和父母都深感失望。

95. C。主旨类。从文章最后一段,作者认为毕业生失业不仅是政治问题也是社会问

题。

96. A。词汇类。当人们看到法老的纯金面具,都会无比惊叹。

97. C。细节类。文章第三段“Inside lay the great stone coffin, enclosing three chests of gilded wood”. 在巨大的石棺内,里面套着三个黄金棺材,木乃伊在最里面。

98. B。细节类。文章倒数第二段,作者描述开罗“it is noise and confusion on the street”. 开罗很嘈杂,混乱。

99. A。细节类。文章倒数第三段“Even as the setting sun silhouettes these gigantic structures against the great desert expanse.”巨大的建筑和广袤的沙漠形成鲜明的对比。

100. B。态度类。作者对开罗的描述是比较客观的。

2011答案与解析:

81. B 。主旨类。问的是段落大意,答题时应先看选项,只涉及前四段,故只关注这几段。问题给出大意是有关“historical challenges for reading(历史挑战)”,第二段中“a long time”,“doom”,“survive”是解题关键词。

82. D 。细节类。要注意题干中的EXCEPT,问的是不是电子书优点的一项。答题时应先寻找有关电子书的部分。第三段涉及了B、C两个优点,第四段介绍了A的优点,排除A,B,C,故选D。

83. B 。态度类。抓住题干关键词single-sentence-long novels,文中此处两次出现“danger”和一次“fear”,表明作者担忧的态度。

84. A 。细节类。需在原文中找到具体的信息出处,在倒数第二段,“make sense”是答题关键词。

85. C 。主旨类。此处问全文大意,要确保不以偏概全,A、B、D都犯了这个错误,所以选C。

答案与解析:

86. B。细节类。题干直接引用原文,故答题时先锁定引文位置。“It interrupts the natural order”是答题线索,既然是打乱了自然顺序,说明现在已经没有多少家庭保留这个传统做法了。

87. C。细节类。此题与上题出自同一段,要注意题干中的EXCEPT,并理解作者所说的反话,wi-fi只是作者打的比方,而不是春季大扫除的内容。

88. A。推理类。从作者列出的各种活动可以看出她意在说明有很多活动暂时还不会发生,所以是进行春季大扫除的好机会。

89. D。推理类。注意题中出现的“biologist”是定位关键词,另外EXCEPT问的是非正确选项,需用排除法。A和D语义相反,所以也可以通过逻辑判断直接选定错误理解是D。

90. B。态度类。“Wow”和“exclaim”表明了这个高兴的态度,“You will?”表明了犹豫疑惑的态度。

91. B。主旨题。第一段已经将大意讲出,通读全文后可以判断虽然采用传统的方式,但在做选择上,今日的年轻人有更多自由,所以选B。

92. A。推理题。根据文章所给信息,判断每一句的对错。B和D与原文含义完全相反,C 没有明确提到。

93. D。细节题。直接到指向的第五段,最后一句说明该数据可能比真实数据偏少。

94. B。细节题。文中指出两种婚姻形式最大的不同就在于现在被介绍双方都可以选择拒绝对方。D是最具迷惑的选项,文中的确谈到现在的中间人多数是电脑充当,但是中间人并非二者的根本差别,所以不对。

95. C。主旨题。最后一段列出不少实例来具体说明电脑媒介所起的作用。

96. B。细节题。选项A在第一段就被否决,D与文中内容正好相反,她没有任何开烘烤面包公司的经验。C也不对,因为题干里明确强调的是对她早期职业规划最有影响的一件事。

97. C。细节题。题干指向文中第四段,可以看出虽然开始想创业时并非一帆风顺,但她始终在为追寻这个梦想不停地学习和积累经验,所以当机会到来时她已经准备好了。

98. A。细节题。“But Harrington worked out an agreement to supply Pepperidge Farm as well”此句是答题关键,从中可以看出除了麦当劳外,她还为其他快餐店提供服务。

99. C。细节题。通篇可以看出她的事业是蒸蒸日上的,所以与此氛围不符的C应该是正确答案,注意题干是否定表述。还有在前面几段,她透露说“This was global”与C选项正好完全相反,可据此直接选择正确答案。

100. B。主旨题。文章前半部分讲了她如何没有放弃梦想,始终朝同一方向努力的事情,后半部分讲了她的管理理念就是关注并资助员工,B最全面地概括了两者,故是最佳答案。

1. C

语义衔接题。根据全文内容可知,本文将要介绍的是快乐人群典型的特点。typical :典型的,特有的;special :特殊的;identical :一模一样的,用法为These people have identical traits. ;symbolic :标志性的。

2. C

词义辨析题。individualistic :个人主义(者)的,利己主义(者)的;individual :个体的(区别于团体的),单独的;individualized :有个人特色的,分别考虑的,如:individualized education programs ;individualism :个人主义,名词。

3. B

语法关系题。本句为as引导的非限定性定语从句,表示“正如……”。

4. D

固定搭配题。have a good opinion of :对(某人/事)有很好的评价。

5. C

逻辑关系题。根据上下文可知,快乐的人通常对自己评价高,认为自己更有道德、更聪明,根据逻辑当然也更不会有偏见。

6. D

形容词辨析题。从意义上看,快乐的人认为自己比普通人更健康。average person :普通人(在数量上属于大多数);ordinary :普通的(没有特殊才能或地位的);normal :正常的(没有身体或精神缺陷的);rest :其它的(后面的名词应使用复数)。

7. C

形容词辨析题。personal :以个人意志(不受他人影响的),personal control :自己能够掌控的,不受他人影响和支配的;individual :个体的;private :私人的;subj ective :主观的。

8. D

动词辨析题。根据后面的more一词可知,此处需要一个及物动词。achieve :获得,达到,可以用作及物动词;succeed :成功,不及物动词;acquire :获得,但说工作中“acquire more”不妥;award :颁发,授予(奖赏等),在此必须为被

动。根据句意,achieve指在工作中取得成就,符合题意。

9. D

分词用法题。本句的主句为“people suffer lower morale and worse health”,因此可知这里需要一个分词短语,而主句的主语people与deprive为被动关系,deprive 的用法为deprive sb. of sth. (剥夺某人某物)。

10. A

介词用法题。in :(能力、性格、含量)在……之中,在……身上,如:a virus known to cause cancer in chickens 一种能在鸡身上引发癌症的病毒。

11.A

语法关系题。suffer在此为主句的谓语动词,而整篇文章的时态为一般现在时,因此需要用suffer 。

12.B

固定搭配题。sense of control :控制感。

13.A

语法关系题。本从句为pessimists的非限制性定语从句,whose为关系代词,在定语从句中做定语,表示所属关系。

14.C

动词辨析题。exceed :超越,exceed low expectations :超越原有较低的期望;extend :延长;surmount :克服,解决(困难);transcend :超越(经验、理性、经验),优于(某一水准)。

15.A

语法关系题。本句为倒装句,主语为he who expects nothing ,因为主语较长,句子整体倒装。

16.A

逻辑关系题。这里显然是转折关系。

17.B

动词辨析题。undertake :从事,做(及物动词);accomplish :成就;encounter :遇见(困难);engage :从事,用法为sb. is engaged in sth.。根据句意,这里应该为“每当做一件新的事情时”。

18. C

逻辑关系题。本句的意思为:虽然我们可能认为性格内向者会更加快乐,因为他们喜欢思考,生活平静,紧张感小,但事实是性格外向者更加快乐。even if 意为“即使”,引导让步状语从句,后多接虚拟语气,因此although符合。

19. B

形容词辨析题。根据“with others”可知其相反情况应该是自己单独工作(work alone )。singly :一个一个地;lonely :孤单的,形容词;solely :惟一地。

20. C

形容词辨析题。根据metropolitan (都市的)一词可知,这里应为其意义相对的词为rural (乡村的)。country为名词,没有country areas这种表达。

. C

介词搭配题。have impact on sth. :对……产生影响。

2.D

动词辨析题。第一句是文章的主题句,表明了整个研究的发现结果,因此在新闻报道中往往会用suggest, show等词。report 的主语应该是记者、新闻媒体;inform (通知),assume (假设)在意义上都不正确。

3.B

动词辨析题。根据原文可知,研究人员征集了92个家庭的孩子参加这个实验。recruit :招募(志愿者、工作人员等);appoint :任命;enroll :报名,注册(参加课程,学校学习);admit :录取,招生。

4.A

名词辨析题。本句的动词谓语为establish (确认,明确)。根据句意,研究者需要确认家庭中与孩子发展有关的因素,因此此处应该是指父母的level of education (教育水平),而不是standard of education (教育标准)。

5.B

副词辨析题。overall :总体来说。根据原文可知,在列举了被研究家庭的各个方面情况之后,本句显然是对整体情况的一个描述,因此用overall一词。

6.C

语法关系题。本句的主句为“it was a group of ... families”,因此本短语充当状语,根据句意应该选with 。

7.A

语义衔接题。因为该研究是父母对孩子语言发展的影响,因此研究人员记录的应该是孩子在玩耍中所说的话,因此speech (说话,言语)符合题意。

8.D

名词辨析题。期刊杂志的一期称为issue。publication :出版物;version :译本,(书、音乐改编的)版本;edition :版本(如精装、平装),(书报等)一次发行的总数。

9.B

语义衔接题。根据上文,科学家用录像记录了孩子们在家玩耍时与父母之间的语言,而下文提到了父母说话及提问在数量和长度等方面的差别,因此这里科学家应该是根据录像测算(measure )父母说话的数量、用词等方面的量化值。

10. B

固定搭配题。句子结构的复杂性要用complexity一词,如:complex sentence复合句。

11. A

介词搭配题。on average :平均。

12. C

语义衔接题。根据句意,本句前半句的内容是对父母与孩子说话的数量进行比较,后半句承接这个比较,主要是对父母的话语长度或疑问句的使用比例进行比较。因此此处应该选differ一词。

13. D

语义衔接题。根据后文“采用标准化语言测试(using a standardized language test )”可知这里应该选的是分析(analyze )一词。

14. B

语义衔接题,因为上文提到用标准化测试分析孩子三岁时的语言,而该句提到测试的结果,因此是high score (高分)。

15. C

名词辨析题。决定孩子三岁时语言能力的因素包括母亲的受教育程度、育儿水平(quality of child care )以及父亲对孩子使用的词汇的多样性。effect :结果;intensity :强烈程度;strength :强度,力度。

16. D

逻辑关系题。从上文可知研究人员发现父亲使用的词汇对孩子的语言发展有影响,但他们无法确定(unsure )造成这个结果的原因何在。unaware意思为“没有意识到”。

17. C

动词辨析题。well-established :已被充分证明;well-understood :完全理解的;well-constituted :结构优良;well-informed :消息灵通。

18. B

语法辨析题。此处为虚拟语气,表示猜测的语气。根据前文可知,科学家早已证实母亲的语言对孩子的语言发展有影响,但父亲的语言为何在这个阶段影响如此巨大,科学家还不得而知。根据后面的“had already had a strong influence”也可以看出此处为虚拟语气。

19. D

介词搭配题。influence与on为固定搭配,表示“对……产生影响”。

20. A

动词辨析题。根据上文,研究人员感到不解的是为什么父亲的语言比母亲对孩子的影响更大。他们提出了两个可能的原因,中第二个原因就是母亲语言影响孩子语言发展的方式他们尚未记录,因此用contribute (做出贡献)一词表示对孩子语言发展的总体上的帮助。而cultivate(培育),instruct (教授)和enlighten(启蒙)在意义上不恰当。

大学英语四级测验试题及答案

大学英语四级测验试题及答案

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