英语自测题

自测题

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 1 to 10 are based on the following passage.

The ability to laugh at your own weaknesses and blunders has long been recognized as a sign of maturity. And yet this is one of the most difficult 1 of your sense of humor to develop.

Oscar Wilde once offered a 2 insight about the way we live our lives when he said that “Life is too important to be taken seriously.”I don’t think he meant you don’t have to take your 3 , promises, work, etc. seriously. He didn’t mean that it’s OK to live life with no 4 . I think he meant that the quality of our life suffers when we 5 everything in a serious manner. We are no longer 6 , cheerful and spontaneous as when we were kids when we take everything so seriously.

I think the key here is to take your work and your duties seriously, but take yourself 7 in the process. Otherwise, you will lose many benefits that a 8 attitude and humor can offer.

There’s a liberating quality that most people experience when they get to the point that they can laugh at themselves. We get so caught up in our anxieties, embarrassments, 9 and upsets that we carry them around with us throughout the day. But when we find a way to laugh at them, they lose their emotional grip on us and 10 into the background. We feel at peace with the incident, even thought it was very embarrassing at the moment.

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Exercise is one of the few factors with a positive role in long-term maintenance of body weight. Unfortunately, that message has not gotten through to the average American, who would rather try switching to “light” beer and low-calorie bread than increase physical exertion. The Centers for Disease Control, for example, found that less than one-fourth of overweight adults who were trying to shed pounds said they were combining exercise with their diet.

In rejecting exercise, some people may be discouraged too much by caloric-expenditure charts: for example, one would have to briskly walk three miles just to work off the 275 calories in one delicious Danish pastry (小甜饼). Even exercise professionals concede half a point here. “Exercise by itself is a very tough way to lose weight,” says York Onnen, program director of the President’s Council on Physical Fitness and Sports.

Still, exercise’s supporting role in weight reduction is vital. A study at the Boston University Medical Center of overweight police officers and other public employees confirmed that those who dieted without exercise regained almost all their old weight, while those who worked exercise into their daily routine maintained their new weight.

If you have been sedentary (极少活动的) and decide to start walking one mile a day, the added exerc ise could burn an extra 100 calories daily. In a year’s time, assuming no increase in food intake, you could lose ten pounds. By increasing the distance of your walks gradually and making other dietary adjustments, you may lose even more weight.

11. What is said about the average American in the passage?

A) They tend to exaggerate the healthful effect of “light” beer.

B) They usually ignore the effect of exercise on losing weight.

C) They prefer “light” beer and low-calorie bread to other drinks and food.

D) They know the factors that play a positive role in keeping down body weight.

12. Some people dislike exercise because ________.

A) they think it is physically exhausting

B) they find it hard to exercise while on a diet

C) they don’t think it possible to walk 3 miles every day

D) they find consulting caloric-expenditure charts troublesome

13. “Even exercise professionals concede half a point here” (Line 3, Para. 2) means “They ________”.

A) agree that the calories in a small piece of pastry can be difficult to work off by exercise

B) partially believe diet plays a supporting role in weight reduction

C) are not fully convinced that dieting can help maintain one’s new w eight

D) are not sufficiently informed of the positive role of exercise in losing weight

14. What was confirmed by the Boston University Medical Center’s study?

A) Controlling one’s calorie intake is more important than doing exercise.

B) Even occasional exercise can help reduce weight.

C) Weight reduction is impossible without exercise.

D) One could lose ten pounds in a year’s time if there’s no increase in food intake.

15. Wha t is the author’s purpose in writing this article?

A) To justify the study of the Boston University Medical Center.

B) To stress the importance of maintaining proper weight.

C) To support the statement made by York Onnen.

D) To show the most effective way to lose weight.

Passage Two

As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious (有营养的) foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.

The fie ld of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both type s have simply been called “well.” In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body’s condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take

active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be “well,” in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.

16. Today medical care is placing more stress on ________.

A) keeping people in a healthy physical condition

B) monitoring patients’ body functions

C) removing people’s bad living habits

D) ensuring people’s psychological well-being

17. In the first paragraph, people are reminded that ________.

A) good health is more than not being ill

B) drinking, even if not to excess, could be harmful

C) regular health checks are essential to keeping fit

D) prevention is more difficult than cure

18. Traditionally, a person is considered “well” if he ________.

A) does not have any unhealthy living habits

B) does not have any physical handicaps

C) is able to handle his daily routines

D) is free from any kind of disease

19. According to the author, the true meaning of “wellness” is for people ________.

A) to best satisfy their body’s special needs

B) to strive to maintain the best possible health

C) to meet the strictest standards of bodily health

D) to keep a proper balance between work and leisure

20. According to what the author advocates, which of the following groups of people would be considered healthy?

A) People who have strong muscles as well as slim figures.

B) People who are not presently experiencing any symptoms of disease.

C) People who try to be as possible, regardless of their limitations.

D) People who can recover from illness even without seeking medical care.

Translation：

1. After the terrorist attack, tourists ____________________________ （被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游）

2.（他把自己奉献于社区工作）___________________________ and is passionate about what he is doing.

3. Man should not exploit the natural resources ____________________________ （以牺牲其他物种为代价）.

4.When Sandy recovered from cancer, her doctor _____________________________ （把此归因于她对未来的信念）.

5.At the end of his speech, the school master encouraged the children to work hard __________________________ （不要让父母失望）.

6. Many big cities in the world ________________________( 正面临淡水资源短缺).

7. This leaflet tells you _____________________ (怎样在旅行期间防止生病).

8. A lot of people nowadays have muscular problems in the neck, the shoulders and the back _____ ( 主要是由于工作中的压力和紧张造成的).

9. Not until people can completely trust you ______________________（你才能对他们产生积极的影响）

10. Since my childhood I have found that ______________________( 没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力)

Directions: For each of the following incomplete sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choice the one answer that best completes the sentence.

1. Several special programs were designed to disadvantaged youths aged 16-21 to become more responsible, employable, and productive.

A) assist B) resist C) persist D) insist

2. He arrived very late at night, in the early hours this morning.

A) in conclusion B) or rather C) on the whole D) by and large

3. President Banda’s background as a doctor has given him into the medical problems that face the country.

A) a vision B) a sight C) a view D) an insight

4. Cars and motorcycles are similar they are both privately owned means of transport.

A) in that B) so that C) for that D) in which

5. Poor health and lack of money may both be ______to educational progress.

A) restraints B) barriers C) scarcities D) stains

6. I didn’t know anything about any of the books so my choice was quite ________.

A. obvious

B. evident

C. arbitrary

D. fortunate

7. Violence _______ up again in many areas of the city last night.

A. reacted

B. flared

C. cracked

D. followed

8. The teacher’s ________ explanation of the homework confused me.

A. obscure

B. reliable

C. unknown

D. expressive

9. After only two years in the American market, our US sales have now ________ our sales in Europe.

A. caught

B. overtaken

C. overflowed

D. averaged

10. Employees are ______ to join the company’s pension plan after a year’s service.

A. compelled

B. responded

C. regarded

D. driven

11. She is already 16years old. But she _______as if she were still a little girl.

A. believes

B. absorbs

C. behaves

D. accesses

12. We are _______ at the rapid progress Mark has made in this semester.

A. astonished

B. annoyed

C. distinguished

D. scored

13. He _______ to study harder in the future so that he could have more opportunities to find a better job.

A. requested

B. resolved

C. resorted

D. reserved

14. Without a proper education, people could _______ all kinds of crimes.

A. conduct

B. sweat

C. commit

D. stoop

15. Several loudspeakers are _______ from the ceiling and we can hear the speaker very clearly.

A. connected

B. sustained

C. associated

D. suspended