专四非谓语动词题.doc
非谓语动词(不定式)讲解及练习
The Minister of Finance is believed ____ of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue.
A.that he is thinking
B.to be thinking
C.that he is to think
D.to think
英语非谓语动词有三类：
1.不定式：具有n. adj. adv. 特征，在句中担任除谓语外任何成分；
2.动名词：具有n. 特征，在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语；
3.分词：具有adj. adv. 特征,在句中可作主语、表语、宾补、状语；｛现在分词：present participle，过去分词：past participle ｝
不定式非谓语动词的用法及区别：
to do(not to do)一般式（否定）
to be doing 进行式主动
to have done 完成式
to have been doing 完成进行式
to be done 一般式被动
to have been done 完成式
*一般式：不定式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，或者在谓语动词表示的动作之后发生。
1.I’m glad to see you. (同时发生)
2.They invited us to come to a party.（不定式动作后发生）
3.The computer to be produced is of a new type. (被动)
4.You must promise never to do that again.
*进行式：谓语动词表示的动作发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行。
1.They are said to be building another bridge over the river.
据说他们正在这条河上修另一座大桥。
2.I'd rather read than watch television; the program seem to be getting worse all the time.(1997.1)
我宁愿看书也不愿意看电视，电视节目好像越来越差了。
*完成式：不定式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前
1.The bank is reported in the local newspaper to have been robbed in broad daylight yesterday.(2001.1)
2.They were reported to have discovered anthor ancient tomb in this area.
据报道他们在这片区域发现了另一座古墓。
*完成进行式：在谓语动词表示的动作发生前，不定式表示的动作一直在进行。
1.They are said to have been collecting folk songs there.
(= It is said that they have been collecting folk songs there.)
*不定式（短语）作主语通常转化成“It + is/was + adj./n. + 不定式（短语）”, 其中it 是形式主语(form subject)，真正的主语是后面的不定式（短语）。
To master a foreign language is not easy.
→ It’s not easy to master a foreign language.
因此，上题的答案是B。用动词不定式的现在进行时：to be doing，表示“正在考虑”。
意为：人们认为财政部长正在考虑通过征收新税来增加政府的额外收入
专八中译英
1.他们对我真好。
2. 好了，这下可麻烦了。
3. 这个问题好回答。
4. 人人尽说江南好，游人只合江南老。
5. 楚王好细腰。
6 她身材苗条，形容娇好。
7.论事业，他是个好丈夫；论脾气，她是个好妻子
1. They are really kind to me.
2. Well, we are in for trouble now.
3. This question is easy to answer.
4. Everybody says Jiangnan is a place quite fair, Wanderers will wander no more after being there.
5. The king of Cu liked the slender waist person.
6. She is slim and beautiful.
7. He is a successful husband in his business and she is a tender wife in her nature.专四英语语法与词汇练习及详解一
1. It’s
not fair that you come home after a bad day at work and ____your wife and children.
A. take it out on
B. take out it on
C. take out on
D. take on it with
2. She put an extra blanket over the baby for fear that___ _.
A. he catches cold
B. he should catch cold
C. he caught c old
D. he be catching cold
3. Our teacher recommended that we____as attentive as possibl
e when we visit the museum.
A. are
B. shall be
C. be
D.were
4. You ____business interfering with my affairs.
A. have none
B. have no
C. have none of the
D. have n othing like
5. The new cut in interest rate____promote domestic investmen t.
A. means to
B. directs toward
C. is meant to
D. leads
to
6. Advertising media like direct mail, radio, television and newspapers ____to increase the sales of industrial products.
A.have been used
B. will be used
C. is being used
D. h as been used
7. While being questioned on the court, the man denied ____ the old lady’s necklace.
A. having taken
B. taking
C. to have taken
D. to take
8. Dr. Park was accused ____the patient with overdose of sl eeping pills so that the patient’s life was terminated befo re the expected time.
A.of providing
B. with providing
C. to have provided
D.
to provide
9. By the end of next month we ____this assignment.
A. will finish
B. will be finishing
C. will have finished
D. have finished
10. We will be losing money this year unless that new econ omic plan of yours ____miracle
A.is working
B. works
C. will be working
D. worked
11. It was dark in the cave so she ____a match.
A. struck
B. hit
C. fired
D. burned
12. Mary will not be able to come to the birthday party a
s she is ____with a cold.
A. laid out
B. laid up
C. laid by
D. laid down
13. She often says her greatest happiness ____serving the ha ndicapped children.
A.relies on
B. consists in
C. composes of
D. comprises i n
14. To make this ____clear we shall have to look closely i nto biology’s long history.
A.distinction
B. indication
C. recognition
D. constitution
15. Most importantly, such an experience helps ____ a height ened sensitivity to other cultures and will bring about a g reater appreciation of one’s own culture as well.
A. coach
B. forsake
C. foster
D.censor
16. When Ann broke the dish she tried to put the ____ bac k together.
A. fragments
B. pieces
C. bits
D. slices
17. Jane tried to ____the doorman with money, but she faile
d.
A. bribe
B. corrupt
C. award
D. endow
18. Classification is a useful____to the organization of know ledge in any field.
A. means
B. approach
C. mode
D. manner
19. The human race has already paid a heavy price for its slow ____ to environmental threats.
A. response
B. responsibility
C. resolution
D. resistance
20. We have a high regard for Prof. Joseph because he alwa ys ____ his principles.
A. lives on
B. lives up to
C. lives through
D. lives w ith
21. My grandfather accidentally ____ fire to the house.
A.put
B. took
C.set
D. got
22. We enjoyed the holiday____the expense.
A.except
B. besides
C. in addition to
D. except for
23. If you want children to work hard you must ____their i nterests instead of their sense of duty.
A. appeal to
B. look into
C. give rise to
D. go in fo r
24. Basically a robot is a machine which moves, manipulates, joins or processes ____in the same way as human hand or arm.
A. characters
B. components
C.catalogues
D. collections
25. Of course, talking about something which affects them pe rsonally is ____motivating for students.
A. chiefly
B. correctly
C. currently
D. eminently
答案与解析
1. A) 【句意】白天的工作不顺心，回到家里拿老婆孩子出气，这是不公平的。
【难点】take it out on sb. 意为“拿某人出气”，其中it是无人称代词，无所指，这是一个固定的结构。
2. B) 【句意】由于害怕孩子感冒，她在孩子身上又盖了一条毯子。
【难点】for fear that 后接虚拟语气，(should)+动词原形。
3. C) 【句意】我们的教师建议我们参观博物馆的时候注意力应尽可能集中。
【难点】recommend, command ,suggest 等词后接的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即(should)+动词原形。
4. B) 【句意】你没有权力干涉我们的事情。
【难点】have no business doing /to do something 意为“没有权力，没有理由做某事”
5. C) 【句意】利率再次下调旨在促进国内投资。
【难点】be meant to do 意为“旨在做”;mean to do 意为“打算做，企图做”;lead to 意为“导致”，后接名词。
6. A) 【句意】像直接邮件、无线电、电视和报纸这样的广告媒介一直被用来促进工业品的销售。
【难点】根据句意，应用完成时的被动语态，media 是medium 的复数形式。
7. A) 【句意】法庭传训他的时候，他否认拿了老太太的项链。
【难点】deny后需接动名词，由于动作是过去发生的，所以选A)，动名词的完成式。
8. A) 【句意】帕克大夫被指控向患者提供过量的安眠药，结果造成病人在预期的时间前死亡。
【难点】be accused of 是个常见的词组，意为“被控有…罪”。
9. C) 【句意】到下月底，我将完成这项任务。
【难点】by the end of next month (year)是将来完成时的典型状语，故选C)。
10. B) 【句意】除非你的新经济计划创造奇迹，否则我们将赔钱。
【难点】unless 引导条件状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来。
11. A) 【句意】岩洞里很黑，她燃着了一根火柴。
【难点】strike 意为“擦(火柴)”，其它几个词不能和matches搭配。
12. B) 【句意】玛丽不能来参加生日晚会了，因为她患了感冒，卧床在家。
【难点】lay up 意为“因痛(或伤残)卧床”，常用被动语态; lay out 意为“摆出，展开”;lay by 意为“储存”;lay down意为“牺牲，献出”。
13. B) 【句意】她常说她最大的快乐在于为残疾儿童服务。