初中英语必须掌握的5种基本句型

初中英语必须掌握的5种基本句型
初中英语必须掌握的5种基本句型

英语的五种简单句型非常重要,它们是进行句子结构分析的基础,也是学习其它语法内容的基础。

1

五种简单句基本句型

1.“主语+ 谓语”(即“主谓”句型)

这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同,说明“某人或某物如何动作”,或者说“某人或某物自身怎样运动”。

例:They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning.

分析:“they”(主语)“arrived”(谓语)。

2.“主语+ 谓语+ 宾语”(即“主谓宾”句型)

这一句型英汉语言的结构形式完全相同,用以说明“某人或某物做什么事情”,或者说“某人或某物发出了动作,并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。

例:I study English.

分析:“I”(主语)“study”(谓语动作)“English”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。

3.“主语+ 谓语+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语”(即“主谓双宾”句型)

这一句型英汉语序结构相同,说明“某人为谁(间接宾语为人)做某事”,或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象,其中一个间接对象为人,另一个为物”。

例:Our teacher taught us English.

分析:“our teacher”(主语)“教”(谓语动作)“us”(间接宾语)“English”(直接宾语)。

4.“主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语”(即“主谓宾宾补”句型)

这一句型说明“某人或某物要求(使、让)某人做什么”或“某人感觉某人或物怎么样”。

例:He asked her to go there.

分析:“he”(主语)“asked”(谓语动作)“her”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)“to go there”(补语--补充说明宾语做什么)。

5.“主语+ 系动词+ 表语”(即“主系表”句型)

这一句型用以说明“某人(某物、某事、某种概念)具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。汉语的“是”字结构属于这一英语句型的形式之一。常用的系动词有be, keep,lie, remain, stand, become, fall, get, go, grow, turn, look, feel, seem, smell, sound, taste, 等。

例:I am a teacher. 我是一名老师

分析:“I”(主语)“am”(系动词)“a teacher”(表语—即表明主语的身份)。

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句子成分名词解释

1.主语:句子所陈述的对象。

2.谓语:主语发出的动作。一般是有动作意义的动词。

3. 宾语:分为动词宾语和介词宾语,属于动作的承受者。

4. 系动词:表示状态或状态变化的动词,没有实际的动作意义。如be, 感官系动词(look, sound, smell, taste 和feel)、保持类系动词(keep, stay 和remain)、状态变化类系动词(become、get、turn 和go)等。

5. 表语:紧跟系动词后面的成分。

6. 定语:修饰名词或代词的成分。

7. 状语:修饰形容词、副词、动词或句子的成分。

8. 补语:分为宾语补足语和主语补足语。是对宾语和主语的补充说明,与其有主动或被动的逻辑关系。

例如:You should keep the room clean and tidy.

你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。

(You是主语,should keep是谓语,the room是宾语,clean and tidy是宾语补足语。)

This kind of food tastes delicious.

这种食物吃起来很可口。

(This kind of food是主语,tastes是系动词,delicious是表语。)

初中英语五种基本句型结构

初中---五种基本句型 中考对五种基本句型的考查主要集中在以下几方面: 1. 掌握五种基本句型的基本用法。 2. 掌握五种基本句型在用法上的区别。 中考考查这部分内容时的题型和大体分值为: 单选(1分) 写句子(1分) 写作(1-2分) 阅读理解(1-2分) 一、知识精讲 五种基本句型是句子最基本的组成部分。掌握了这五种基本句型,在阅读中当我们遇到较复杂的句子时,运用这些基本句型,对句子的分析就会变得容易多了。在写作中,首先要能运用好这些基本句型,才能得到高分。 (一)五种基本句型的句子成分: 1. 句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分包括主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语等。 2. 主语(subject):主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。 【例句】 We often speak English in class. 我们在课上经常说英语。 Smoking does harm to the health. 吸烟对健康有害。 The rich should help the poor. 富有的人应该帮助贫困的人。 3. 谓语(verb):谓语可用来说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词常在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。分及物动词和不及物动词两种。 【例句】 He practices running every morning. 他每天早晨练习跑步。 I have caught a bad cold. 我得了重感冒。 We like helping the people in trouble 我们喜欢帮助那些处于困境中的人。

初中英语常用短语句型大全

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初中英语常见句型(1)

重点句型 1. …as soon as…一…就… Mary一见到她弟弟就会告诉他这个消息。 Mary will tell her brother this message as soon as she sees him. 我们一到那儿就去爬山了。 We went climbing as soon as we arrived / got / reached there. 2. as + adj./adv.+ as……和…一样(的 / 地)… not as(so)…as……不如 / 不比……. 李雷和吉母跑得一样快。 Li Lei runs as fast as Jim. 约翰和你的年龄不一样大。 John is not as (so) old as you. 这部电视剧不如那部有趣。(TV series) This TV series is not as (so) interesting as that one. 3. as +adj./adv.+ as possible 尽可能…的 / 地… 我们在英语课上应该尽可能地多讲英语。 We should speak English as much as possible in English class. 你能不能尽可能慢一些读这个句子? Can you read the sentence as slowly as possible? 4. ask sb for sth 向某人要求某物 你迷路时,你可以向警察需求帮助。 When you get lost, you can ask the police for help. 一些学生经常向父母要钱去玩电子游戏。(video games) Some students often ask their parents for money to play video games. 他向父母要一辆自行车作为生日礼物。 He asked his parents for a bicycle as his birthday present. 5. ask/ tell sb. (how) to do sth 询问 / 告诉某人如何做某事 许多学生经常问老师如何才能学好英语。 Many students often ask their teachers how to learn English well. 让我来告诉你如何发邮件。 Let me tell you how to send an e-mail. 6. ask / tell /want sb (not) to do sth. 要求(让)/ 告诉 / 想要某人做(不做)某事 护士告诉我服用此药需一日三次,饭后服用。 The nurse told me to take this medicine three times a day after meals. 老师经常告诉我要更加努力地学习。 The teacher often tells me to study harder. 他让我不要再犯同样的错误。 He asked me not to make the same mistake again. 7. make/ let /have sb. (not) do sth 使 / 让某人做(不做)某事 他使得孩子哭得很厉害。He made the child cry loudly. 昨天他使我在影院门口等了很长时间。 He made me wait for long (for a long time) at the gate of the cinema yesterday. 直到我们做完了作业,妈妈才让我们去玩球。 Mother didn’t let us play football until we finished our homework. 那个老板迫使工人们每天工作10小时。 That boss made the workers work (for) ten hours a day. 8. be afraid of doing / to do/that 害怕 / 不敢做某事 这个小女孩不敢晚上出去。The little girl is afraid to go out in the evening / at night. 他害怕独自呆在家里。He is afraid of staying at home alone. 许多人担心他们会失去工作。(be afraid that) Many people are afraid that they will lose their jobs. 9. be busy with sth. / doing sth. 忙于某事 / 做某事 现在学生们忙于准备考试。 Now students are busy preparing for the exams. 昨天下午妈妈都在忙着做家务。(两种)

初中英语:简单句的五种基本句型

初中英语:简单句的五种基本句型 1. S+V此句型的特点是:谓语动词是不及物动词,本身能表达完整的意思,后面不需跟宾语,但有时可跟副词、介词短语等作状语。如: He laughed. John has read widely. He lives in London. 2. S+V+O此句型的特点是:谓语动词是及物动词,不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语。如: Our team beat all the others. 3. S+V+P此句型的特点是:谓语动词是连系动词,不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语特征、身份、状态的表语。常见的系动词有:be(是),become(成为),get(变得),turn(变得),grow(变得),look(看起来),feel(感到),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来),seem(似乎),keep(保持),stay(保持)等。如: The rose smells sweet. 4. S+V+INO+DO此句型的特点是:谓语动词跟有两个宾语,这两个宾语都是动作的对象或承受者,其中指人的是间接宾语,指物的是直接宾语。当间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时,通常需要加介词for或to。可跟双宾语的动词 有:answer,bring,buy,find,get,give,lend,make,pass,pay,send,show,sing,take,teach,tell,write等。如: Mr. Li told us an interesting story. Would you please give this dictionary to Li Hua? 5. S+V+O+OC此句型的特点是:谓语动词虽然跟有一个宾语,但意思还不完整,必须加上另外一个成分(宾语补足语)对宾语进行补充说明。可以用作宾语补足语的有:名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等。如: We must keep our school clean. They made him their monitor. 【注】S=Subject(主语); V=Verb(谓语动词); P=Predicative(表语); O=Object(宾语);

初中英语写作常用句型

初中英语写作常用句型 一、开头句型 1. As far as …is concerned 就……而言 2. It goes without saying that…不言而喻,… 3. It can be said with certainty that…可以肯定地说…… 4. As the proverb says,正如谚语所说的, 5. It has to be noticed that…它必须注意到,… 6. It's generally recognized that…它普遍认为… 7. It's likely that …这可能是因为… 8. It's hardly that…这是很难的…… 9 It's hardly too much to say that…它几乎没有太多的说… 10. What calls for special attention is that…需要特别注意的是 11. There's no denying the fact that…毫无疑问,无可否认 12. Nothing is more important than the fact that… 没有什么比这更重要的是… 13. what's far more important is that…更重要的是… 二、衔接句型 1. A case in point is …一个典型的例子是… 2. As is often the case…由于通常情况下… 3. As stated in the previous paragraph 如前段所述 4. But the problem is not so simple. Therefore 然而问题并非如此简单,所以…… 5. But it's a pity that…但遗憾的是… 6. For all that…对于这一切…… In spite of the fact that…尽管事实…… 7. Further, we hold opinion that…此外,我们坚持认为,… 8. However, the difficulty lies in…然而,困难在于…

中考英语-简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题word版本

中考英语-简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练 习题

简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题 一、句子成份 英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。 顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。 1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如: Country music has become more and more popular.(名词) We often speak English in class.(代词) One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词) To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式) Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词) The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词) When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句) It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式) 2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。 1)简单谓语: We study for the people. 2)复合谓语: I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing.. 3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。 My sister is a nurse. Is it yours?(代词) The weather has turned cold.(形容词) The speech is exciting.(分词) Three times seven is twenty one?(数词) His job is to teach English.(不定式) His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词) The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语) Time is up. The class is over.(副词) The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句) 4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,We like English. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词) They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词) It began to rain.(不定式短语) I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语) I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句) 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。 He gave me some ink. 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如: We make him our monito r(班长). 5、宾补: 就是宾语补足语,就是补充说明宾语的 I see you crossing the street His father named him Dongming.(名词)

初中英语五种基本句型及训练

初中英语五种基本句型及训练 句子是由主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、宾语补足语等组成的,依其组合方式可以分为以下五种: ①主语+不及物动词 如:I arrived at six last night. ②主语+及物动词+宾语 如:I bought a good English-Chinese Dictionary yesterday. ③主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 如:Please tell me a story before I go to bed. 这样可加双宾语的句子有buy,tell, give, ask, pass, teach. ④主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 如:I found it impossible to do it. Please keep the classroom clean and tidy. ⑤主语+系动词+表语 如:Tom is an American boy. The grass turned green in spring. 在初中常见的句型中有There be…句型,表示存在某种事物, 如:There is a map on the wall其be动词的形式要与其后面相近的那个名词相一致。 要注意的是这种句型加入助动词后,也要保持be动词,不要换用have,如:There is going to be a meeting tomorrow.在句子结构中要注意主谓一致的问题,即句子的主语与谓语动词要相呼应。 练习: 判断下列句子属于哪种句型: 1)The sun rises in the east.() 2)We arrived at Beijing yesterday. () 3)I bought a bike last year. () 4)I heard him singing in the hall. () 5)They have worked for tree hours this morning. () 6)We help each other. () 7)I have received a letter from my parents. ()8)I am a student. () 9)I gave him a book last week. () 10)My parents will buy me a gift. () [巩固练习] 下列各句均有一处错误,请指出并改正。 1.Dad bought a new bike to me Last Sunday.( ) 2.We enjoy to play football in the afternoon.( ) 3.The boss made him to work all day.( )

初中英语语法大全:英语五个基本句型

初中英语语法大全:英语五个基本句型1简单句、并列句、复合句 根据语法形式,即句子的结构,英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。 1简单句 句型:主语+谓语 只包含一个主谓结构,而句子的各个结构都只由单词或短语表示。简单句有五种基本句型,详见第十七章。 They are playing baseball in the garden. 他们正在公园里打棒球。 Her brother and sister both are teachers. 她的哥哥和姐姐都是老师。 2并列句 句型:简单句+并列连词+简单句 (常见的并列连词有and,but,or) 并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要,相互之间没有从属关系,是平行并列的关系。它们之间用连词连结。 My friend was at home,and we talked for along time. 我的朋友在家,我们谈了好长时间。 Her father is a doctor and her mother is a teacher.

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