商务英语短语词组句子翻译期末复习总结必考

短语词组

Chapter 1

Management control 经营管理Management by objective 目标管理Management competence 经营才干management inventory form 管理人才储备表Management of trades 行业管理management principle 经营方针Management function 管理职能resolve conflicts 解决矛盾

Set a goal 建立目标motivate subordinates 激励下属

Formulate plans 设立计划previously set goals 预定的目标

Controlling function 控制职能communication channel 沟通渠道

Chapter 2

Job hunter 求职人员job hopper 频繁变换工作的人

Job orientation 岗位性质job responsibility system 岗位责任制

Job search 职业选择job vacancy 职位空缺

Job recruiting 招工human resource 人力资源

Current assessment 现状评估human resource inventory 人力资源状况表

Job analysis 工作分析job description 工作说明

Job specification 工作规范jobholder 在职者

Potential candidates 潜在求职者

Chapter 3

Financial plan 财务计划cash inflows 现金流入

Cash outflows 现金流出financial control 财务控制

Cash outlays 现金支出cash over and short account 现金盈亏账户

Cash management service 现金管理服务cash liquidity 现金流动情况

Financial manager 财务经理credit rating 信用评价

Checking account 活期账户annual sales 年销售额

Cash management 现金管理payroll taxes 工薪税

Bank account 银行账户excess funds 超额资金

Lock boxes 银行存款箱controlled disbursement account 控制支付账号Interest-free loan 无息贷款cost of goods sold 销售产品成本

Work in process inventory 线上盘点materials inventory 材料盘点

Finished goods available for sale 可销售成品depreciation 厂房设备折旧Chapter 4

Production and operation management (P/OM) 生产经营管理

Product and service quality 产品和服务质量product quality assurance 产品质量保证Product quality control 产品质量管理product quality standard 产品质量标准Product quality variance 产品质量差异quality auditing system 质量检验制度Quality certificate 品质证明书quality checks 质量检验

Total quality management 全面质量管理competitive pressure 竞争压力

Quality improvement 质量改进product promotion activities 产品促销活动

R&D processes 研制和开发过程quality audit 质量审核

Employee training 员工培训group brainstorming 集思广益

Top management 高级管理层work flow 工作流程

Chapter 5

Marketing network 营销网marketing operating 营销活动Marketing agencies 销售部门marketing research 营销调查Marketing price 营销价格marketing intermediaries 销售媒介Marketing products 适销产品marketing variance 营销预测差异Marketing strategies 营销策略sales volume 销售量

Prospective customers 潜在顾客potential profitability 潜在利益性Target market 目标市场total revenue 总收入Personalized service 个性化服务traffic flow 客流量

International market 国际市场promotion strategies 促销策略

Chapter 6

Central bank 中央银行investment bank 投资银行Commercial bank 商业银行correspondent bank 代理行，通知行Bank acceptance 银行承兑汇票bank clearing 银行票据交换

Bank copy 银行对账单current account 活期存款账户Deposit account 定期存款账户electric banking 电子银行业务Information processing system 信息处理系统financial service 金融服务Account balance 账户结余retail customer 小额客户

Wire transfer 电汇on-line service 在线服务Accounting system 记账系统personal computer 个人电脑Transaction history 交易记录

Chapter 7

Claim for damage 损失赔偿要求insurance certificate 保险凭证Loss ratio 赔付率insurance clause 保险条款Insurance agent 保险代理人insurance indemnities 保险赔偿Insurable risks 可保风险the insured 投保人

Insurer 承保人premium 保费

Policy 保单coverage 险种

Claim 索赔policyholder 保单持有人

The deductible 绝对免赔额

Chapter 8

Blue chip 蓝筹股（热门股）stockbroker 股票经纪人

Growth share 增长股defensive stock 防卫性股

Stock management 股份经营joint-stock system 股份制度Public company 股票公开上市公司share worth 股票值

Equity finance 增股筹资debt finance 举债筹资

Stock exchange 股票交易所stock index 股票指数

Financial difficulty 财政困难expected profitability 预期效益

The Standard & Poor’s 500 Index 标准普尔500种股票价格综合指数

Dow Jones Industrial Average 道琼斯工业股票价格平均指数

句子翻译：

Chapter 1

1.Generally speaking, managers perform four basic management functions.(一般来说管理者

应履行四项基本职能)

https://www.360docs.net/doc/f718684495.html,anizations exist to achieve some purpose.(组织存在是为了实现某一项目标)

3.The textbook on management is organized around management functions.(管理类教科书是

按管理的职能编排的)

4.Management should be responsible for defining organization’s goals and establishing an

overall strategy.(管理负责拟定机构的目标，制定全面策略)

5.The leading function involves motivating subordinates, resolving conflicts among members

and directing their actions. (领导职能包括激励下属，解决员工间的纠纷，指挥他们的行动)

6.The actual performance of the organization must be compared with the previously set goals.

(组织的计划实施情况必须与预先设定的目标进行比较)

7.Once there are significant deviations, management should correct the organization’s

performance. (如果一旦出现重大的偏差，管理者必须立即纠正机构的行为)

8.The controlling function is performed to ensure everything goes well in the organization. (履

行控制职能以确保机构内一切正常运行)

Chapter 2

1.The information derived from a report provided by personnel department. (这个信息来自人

事部提供的一份报告)

2.Management is able to estimate shortage ——both in number and in type after it assessed

the current status and future needs. (在对现状和将来的需求进行评估后管理可以估算在数量和类型上计算出缺少)

3. A job specification is concerned with the knowledge skills and abilities needed to do a certain

job. (工作规范书关于做某项工作所需的知识、技术和能力)

4.Management keeps its attention on human resource planning. (管理主要把注意力集中在人

力资源计划上)

5.By keeping an inventory of an organization’s human resource, management will know what

talents and skills resource are available in the firm. (通过保持组织的人力资源状况表，管理者将会知道现在公司有什么样的人才和技术资源)

6.Employees can be interviewed individually or in a group. (员工可以单独或集体接受面试)

7. A job description and job specification assist managers in determining whether the

candidates are qualified or not. (工作说明书和工作规范书协助管理者决定求职者是否合格)

8.One of the methods for analyzing a job is to have employees record their daily activities in a

diary or notebook. (分析工作其中一个方法是让员工在日志或记录本上记下他们的日常活动)

Chapter 3

1.The salaries of the employees are paid in the form of cash. (员工的薪水是以现金形式支付

的)

2.One of the duties of financial management is to minimize the amount of cash. (财务经理的

其中一项职责是使现金数量减少到最低限额)

3.Some amount of funds must be available to make interest payments due on loans. (一些资金

一定要用以支付到期的贷款利息)

4.Whether cash management is efficient or not makes a great difference between making

money or losing it for the company. (现金管理是否有效率给公司的盈亏带来很大的差异) 5.Desktop computers give financial managers access to balance on bank account. (桌面电脑为

财务经理了解银行账户的收支情况提供了渠道

6.Excess funds which are not earning interest can be moved instantly to investment. (没有盈利

的超额资金应该移出到投资处)

7.The president began paying attention to managing the company’s cash. (经理开始留意管理

公司的现金)

8.The company with large annual sales only keeps 10,000 dollars in account. (有庞大年销售额

的公司只留一万美元现金在账上)

Chapter 4

1.TQM is adopted by a growing number of companies. (全面质量管理被越来越多的公司采

用)

2.Total quality management involves the organization in an all-out effort to improve quality.

(全面质量管理包括组织用尽全力去提高质量)

3.The objective of quality control is to provide products with higher and better quality for

customers. (质量控制的目的是为顾客提供质量更好更高的产品)

4.Management rewards employees for their contribution to meeting the quality standards. (管

理会为员工对符合质量标准而做的贡献进行奖励)

5.Some organizations encourage their employees to put their problem-solving techniques to

practical work. (一些公司鼓励它们的员工把解决问题的能力应用于实际工作中)

6.Representatives accepting training come from different divisions of the firm. (接受培训的代

表们来自公司的各个部门)

7.Every employee of the organization bears a major responsibility for quality improvement. (组

织的每位员工对提高质量负有重大责任)

8.Three principles should be followed to implement total quality management. (实施全面质量

管理应遵循三条基本原则)

Chapter 5

1.The policies and activities of a company should be directed toward satisfying customer needs.

(公司的政策和活动应致力于满足客户需求)

2.Successful marketing requires timely and relevant market information. (成功的营销要求及

时和相关的市场资讯)

3.It’s important to keep up with competitor’s market strategies and make adjustment to one’s

own. (跟上竞争营销策略的步伐和调整自身的策略很重要)

4. A good strategy helps a business focus on the target market it can serve best. (一个好的策略

帮助企业专注于它所能最好服务的目标市场)

5.Good salesmanship is very important for small business because of their limited ability to

spend on advertisement. (好的推销技术对于小公司来说很重要因为其能用于广告的花费是有限的)

6.Working through established distribution agents generally is easiest for manufacturers. (通过

已有的经销商或代理商工作对制造厂来说是很简单的)

7.Location is not so important for products which customers are willing to go out of their way

to find. (地理位置对于产品来说不是那么重要因为顾客愿意费力寻找的)

8.To make sure business is running healthy on track, entrepreneurs should audit their

company’s performance at least quarterly each year. (为了确保企业在健康的轨道上运行，企业家们应当每个季度审核公司的运行情况)

Chapter 6

1.Electronic banking refers to process by which a customer may perform banking transactions

electronically without visiting a physical institution. (电子银行指的是顾客电子地处理金融交易而不是去实体机构的过程)

2.Both large and small banking institutions are now offering a variety of Internet based

financial service. (大小金融机构现在都有提供各种基于因特网的金融服务)

3.Other organizations may choose to expand their customers base to wider only a geographic

area by accepting on-line applications for loan and deposit products. (其他组织也许会通过接受在线贷款和储蓄的申请在更多的地区拓展客户)

4.Only a very small number of banking organizations are focusing on the Internet as their

primary delivery channel. (只有极少数的金融机构潜心于将因特网作为首要的交付途径来发展)

5.These services specially include payroll, automated clearing and wire transfer. (这些服务专

门包括的自动结算服务和电汇服务)

6.Transactions initiated through this system are processed by a separate Internet banking

application and periodically sent to the institution’s general ledger, deposit and loan accounting system. (交易启动后，由单独的网络金融机构程序进行处理并定时将结果传送至金融机构的总账、储蓄和贷款的记账系统中)

7.Telephone banking generally allows customers to check account balances transactions and

pay bills through voice response system. (电话银行业务允许客户通过语音应答系统查询账户结余)

8.E-banking can improve a bank’s efficiency and competitiveness. (电子银行业务能提高银行

的效率和竞争力)

Chapter 7

1.Insurance companies must gather a great deal of information before setting premiums. (保险

公司在设置保险金额前必须收集大量信息)

2.The amount of the premium for a specific type of risk is mainly based on the possible losses

that may occur in the future. (一个具体类型的风险所保的保险总额主要以将来可能出现的损失为依据)

3.Insurers will decide which risks to insure. (投保人将决定保哪些险种)

4.Insurance companies do not count on paying for a single policyholder’s losses out of the

premium paid by that particular policyholder. (保险公司不会指望支付某个投保人由一个普通保单持有人所买下的超出保险金额的损失买单)

5.Most insurance companies are not likely to consider issuing this sort of insurance. (大多数保

险公司不可能考虑发行这种保险)

6.Insurance companies are not willing to pay out on all policies at the same time. (保险公司不

愿意同时赔付所有的保单)

7.Unemployment threatens so many people, so unemployment insurance is wildly easy to

come by. (失业威胁着许多人，所以失业保险被通常很容易获得)

8.Losses resulting from deliberate actions of the insured are not covered in this policy. (因投保

人的故意行为所造成的损失不在这项保单所保的范围之内)

Chapter 8

https://www.360docs.net/doc/f718684495.html,panies wishing to raise more money for expansion can issue more shares. (希望筹集更

多资金的公司可以发行更多的股票)

2.Stockholders trade shares on stock exchange. (股票持有人在股票交易所交易股票)

3.The Dow Jones Industrial Average is based on the prices of the stocks of 30 major US

companies. (道琼斯工业股票价格平均指数是以30个主要的美国公司的股票价格为基础的)

4.The company has run into the financial difficulty for its poor management. (这个公司因为他

们贫乏的管理而遇到了财政困难)

5.The prices of shares on stock exchange are determined by the supply and demand in these

companies. (股票交易所的股票价格是由这些公司的股票供求关系所决定的)

https://www.360docs.net/doc/f718684495.html,pared to bonds, stocks offer the holder higher risks and potentially higher return. (与证

券相比，股票在提供高风险的同时也潜在地提供了高收益)

7.The company sells bonds to finance the new project. (这个公司通过卖证券来自助这一新

项目)

8.When people expect that a company will have little profit, the price of the company’s stock

will fall. (当人们预期到这个公司将会有很少的盈利时，该公司的股价就会下跌)

简答

1.Four basic management functions: planning organizing leading controlling.

2.Current assessment includes: generating a human resource inventory and making a job

analysis.

3.The difference between job description and job specification: Job description describes job

content, environment, and conditions of employment. It focuses on the job. Job specification focuses on the person. It defines the knowledge, skills and abilities needed to perform the job effectively.

4.Five methods for analyzing a job: the observation method, interview, the use of

questionnaire, the use of technical conference and daily activity recording.

5.How can a financial manager minimize a firm’s needs? And to what extent? Pay bills as late

as possible and collect money owed to the firm as quick as possible as long as they do not damage the firm’s credit rating or cost more than they save.

6.The controlled disbursement account: refers to a system that lets a firm know how many

checks and in what amounts will clear what banks at what time.

7.Three principles of TQM: the objective of quality control is to achieve constant and continual

improvement in quality; the focus of quality improvement is on every process in the organization; employees bear a major responsibility for quality improvement.

8.Four elements in implementing TQM: communicating the need for quality, training

employees in the skills and knowledge of quality, securing employee involvement in quality, rewarding for quality.

9.What is the quality audit and why is it conducted? It refers to a careful study of every factor

that affects quality in an activity or in process. It is conducted to identify quality problems and discover new ways to improve quality.

10.Marketing works primarily on two principles: all company policies and strategies should be

directed toward satisfying customer needs. Profitable sales volume is more important than maximum sales volume.

11.The main functions of marketing research: (1) To uncover dissatisfaction or possible new

products or services. (2) To identify trends that affect sales and profitability. (3) To identify problems and opportunities. (4) To keep up with competitor’s market strategies.

12.Four components of marketing program: product and service, promotion, pricing and

distribution.

13.E-banking services comprise personal computer banking through traditional proprietary

communication channels, retail and corporate Internet banking services, telephone banking, and potentially other forms of remote electronic access to banking services.

14.Why do more and more financial institutions eager to adopt e-banking? Because e-banking

can improve a bank’s efficiency and competitiveness, existing and potential customers can benefit from a greater degree of convenience in effecting transaction. This increased level of convenience, when combined with new services, can expand the bank’s target customers beyond those in traditional markets.

15.The deductible: the insurance company will pay only that part of a loss greater than an

amount stated in the policy. It represents small losses that the insured has agreed to absorb.

16.Stock indexes reflect future economic conditions.

17.When people become optimistic about a company’s future, the price of a share of the stock

rises; when people come to expect a company to have little profit or even losses, the price of

a share fails.

商务英语句子及翻译

1、The market leader is frequently able to lead other firms in the introduction of new products, in price changes, in the level or intensity of promotions, and so on. 市场领导者在引进新产品、调整价格、促销活动等方面能够领导其它企业。 2、Contrary to a common belief, wholly dominating a market, or having a monopoly, is seldom an advantage: competitors expand markets and find new uses and users for products, which enriches everyone in the field, but the market leader more than its competitors. 和普遍看法相反，完全控制市场，或者垄断，很难有优势：竞争者扩大市场，寻找产品的新用途和客户，从而使这个领域的人富有，但是市场领导者比竞争者得到更多。 3、In the car hire business, the challenger actually advertises this fact: for many years Avis used the slogan ‘We’re number two. We try harder.’ 在汽车市场，竞争者登广告的真相是：阿维斯多年来一直用这个标语“我们是第二，我们一直很努力。” 4、Although small companies are generally flexible, and can quickly respond to market conditions, their narrow range of customers causes problematic fluctuations in turnover and profit. 尽管一些小公司很灵活，能够迅速对市场情况做出反应，他们有限的范围内的客户们导致翻覆波动和利润的不确定。5、Although the market could understand data concerning companies’earnings, it was highly inefficient in valuing assets, including land, buildings and pension funds. 尽管市场能够获悉企业收入的资料，对价值资产的利用效率非常低，包括土地，建筑和养老基金。 6、The ideal targets for such buyouts were companies with huge cash reserves that enabled the buyer to pay the interest on the debt, or companies with successful subsidiaries that could be sold to repay the principal, or companies in fields that are not sensitive to a recession such as food and tobacco.

初中英语短语归纳(1)

中考高频短语汇总 A.look 短语 1look like看起来像 2.look for寻找 3look through浏览 4look up查阅，向上看 5.look over 仔细检查 6.look forward to期盼，期待 7.look after照顾，照料 B.put 短语 1.put up举起，挂起，搭建 2.put on穿上，戴上，上演 3.put away 把—放好 4.put off推迟，推延 5.put down把—放下，记下 6.put out扑灭，伸出 7.put into把—放进--，把—译成-- 8.put one's heart into 全神贯注于--- C.get 短语 1.get up起床 2.get off下车 3.get on上车,相处，进展 4.get over克服，恢复，原谅 5.get back回来，返回 6.get through接通电话 7.get along进展，相处8.get into陷入-- 9.get out 出去，离开10.get together相聚 11.get ready for为—做准备12.get married结婚 13.get in the way碍事，挡道14.get to到达 D.give短语 1.give up放弃 2.give out分发 3.give away赠送，分发 4.give back归还 E.think短语 1.think of 想起，认为 2.think up想出，提出 3.think about考虑 4.think over仔细考虑 F.take 短语 1.take up 占据（时间，空间） 2.take after与(父母等)相像 3.take place发生 4.take care小心，当心 5.take off 脱下，起飞 6.take out拿出，取出 7.take away拿走，带走8.take down取下 9.take it easy从容，不紧张10.take care of照顾，照料 11.take a rest休息一下12.take a shower洗澡

中考英语常见词组短语

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初中英语动词短语整理 1. break break down破坏，出毛病，拆开 break off暂停，中断 break in破门而入，打断 break into破门而入，突然…起来 break out爆发 break away from打破陈规；奋力挣脱；放弃习惯break through 出现，突破 break up打碎，拆散，分裂、分解 2. call call at a place (车船等)停靠;到某地拜访。call away 叫走，叫开…;转移(注意力等)。 call back唤回; 回电话; call for需要，要求 call for sth (sb) 喊着叫某人来 call in 叫进，请进; 找来，请来;来访；收回call off取消; 叫走，转移开 call (up)on sb 拜访或看望某人 call sb sth 为某人叫某物 call (up)on sb to do sth 叫(请)某人做某事call up给…打电话; 想起，回忆起; 召集，应召入伍 call out大喊，高叫;叫出去 3. come come down下跌，落，降，传下来 come in进来 come out出版，结果是 come on来临/ 快点 come along一道来，赶快 come over走过来 come up发芽，走近 come back回来 come from来自，源自 4. cut cut down砍倒，削减cut up连根拔除，切碎 5. die die of死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感原因）die from死于（外界原因） die out绝种 6. fall fall behind落后 fall down掉下，跌倒 fall into 落入；陷入 fall off 从。。。掉下 fall out与。。。争吵 7. go go along沿着。。。。走 go through通过，经受 go over复习，检查 go up（价格）上涨，建造起来 go against违反 go away离开 go by时间过去 go down降低，（日、月）西沉 go on(with)继续进行 go out外出，熄灭 go off发出响声 8. get get down下来，记下，使沮丧 get on进展，进步，穿上，上车 get off脱下,下车 get away逃跑，逃脱，去休假 get over克服，从疾病中恢复 get along with进展，相处 get up起床 get into (trouble) 陷入困境中 get back取回，收回 get out 出去 .

初中英语中考必背词组

1. ~ down: put down放下shut down把…关上cut down砍掉come down下来、落下slow down 减缓、放慢sit down坐下write d own写下get down下来,降落 2. after ~: after all毕竟.终究after that于是.然后day after day日复一日地one after another相继.挨次soon after不久以后t he day after tomorrow后天name after 根据……命名run after追赶 3. ~ up (with): come up with找到、提出、赶上 catch/keep up with赶上 wake up弄醒、醒来send up发射open up开设、开办grow up长大pick up拾起、捡起hands up/put up (raise)o ne\s hands举手eat up吃光clean up 打扫干净give up doing sth.=stop doing sth.放弃做某事 4.到达： arrive at/in + n. (地方)=get to +n. (地方)=reach + n. (地方)=arrive / get +adv. (地方) 5. ~ back: get…back退还,送回去.取回give b ack归还come back回来at the back o f在…的后面on the way (back)home在回家路上 6. at~: at least至少at breakfast早餐时at once立刻,马上at school在上学at the doctor’s在医务室at work在工作at nig ht在晚上at noon中午be good at=do well in 善长be bad at不善长laugh at 嘲笑not…at all一点也不at the age of 在…岁时at first起初at last=in the end =finally最后、终于at the beginning of (t he 21st century)在21世纪初at the end of 在…终点、结尾at Christmas在圣诞节at the foot of在…脚下at the mome nt= now现在at any moment任何时候a t times(sometimes)有时,偶尔at the sa me time同时 7. for~: