上海高一下期末英语试卷汇编

延安高一下期末英语

Section A

1.New Zealand protested internationally on Monday______Japan’s plans to resume killing whales in the Southern Ocean,while Australia said it was considering further legal action.

A.to

B. with

C. for

D.against

2. Doctors should take special care when treating children because their breathing rates are different from________of adults.

A. one

B.those

C. some

D.that

3. I’ve already told you that i’m going to buy a new iPad,_______.

how much does it cost B. however much it costs

C.no matter how it costs

D.however does it cost much

4. I want to visit both the people and the house______are mentioned in this documentary.

A.which

B. where

C.that

D. In which

5. The idea____ev eryone should be required to vote by law is something i don’t agree with.

which B.about which C.whether D.that

Keys: DBBCD

Section B

I can’t give you the information you ask for,for the reason_____is unknown to myself.

The government has promised to do_____lies in its power to ease the hardships of the homeless.

The targets will fail to be achieved_____other departments show equal devotion to the task.

Last night,i was texting a message to my boss_____I heard the cry for help from outside the office.

______the candy is the same,White Rabbit costs nine times as much as before because of its new French-fashion pink and blue package.

KEY：that;what;unless;when;While/(Al)though

Section C

The drama series Descendants of the Sun is reported________(achieve)a huge success with his impressive performance.

This store has risen in my opinion since they_____(change)the manager.

I_____(intend)to come over to see you last night,but someone called and I couldn’t get away.

The journalists predicted that the book 84 Charing Cross Road______(sell)well after the show of the romance film Finding Mr Right 2.

______(weave)the theme of environmental protection into a love story is the secret of the film directed by Stephen Chow,the “King of comedy”.

Keys: to have achieved;changed;had intended;would sell;weaving

2015-2016学年第二学期闸北高一年级英语统考试卷

II. Grammar (15%)

Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.

17. The teacher saw so many students the grammar test and wondered whether he was teaching grammar wisely.

A. failed

B. fail

C. failing

D. to fail

18. halfway during his speech, the manager grew angry and stared at the reporter.

A. Interrupting

B. To interrupt

C. Interrupted

D. Be interrupted

19. fruits to yoghurt makes the flavor much better, which brings a better eating experience to the kids.

A. Added

B. Adding

C. Being added

D. Add

20. It's really sad that those have talent for art die young.

A. as

B. what

C. which

D. who

21. Heating other kids on the playground, Jack put down the book and hurried out of the classroom.

A. shout

B. shouting

C. to shout

D. shouted

22. that health is more important than success, he decided to change his work schedule

allowing more time for rest.

A. To realize

B. Realized

C. Realizing

D. Having been realized

23. to take the company's shuttle bus makes Jenny crazy who has to get up at 6 every day.

A. Forced

B. Being forced

C. Forcing

D. Having forced

24. The coach announced to resign to the recent public criticism about the football team's poor performance.

A. answered

B. to answer

C. being answered

D. having been answered

25. After graduation, he entered into the business almost everyone was waiting for good chances instead of working hard.

A. how

B. where

C. who

D. which

26. , e-finance has been thriving at a surprising speed.

A. It is known to all

B. As is known to all

C. People all know

D. What we all know

27. The method of encouraging people to share cars to work with cash reward during a

workshop greatly relieved the city's traffic pressure.

A. suggesting

B. suggested

C. to suggest

D. suggests

28. To keep fit, the lady didn't mean anything but the little cookies smelt so nice that she

couldn't resist one.

A. to eat, trying

B. eating, to try

C. eating, trying

D. to eat, to try

29. Many professional women rarely care their husbands make a lot of money and they put more emphasis on love and loyalty.

A. when

B. how

C. whether

D. what

30. When the financial case was reported, people wondered the criminal succeeded in cheating so many victims.

A. what

B. that

C. how

D. which

31. The committee was campaigning for the project importance many people didn't realize at the time.

A. why

B. where

C. which

D. whose

III. Vocabulary (14%)

Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.

Choose the one that best completes the sentence.

32. For many old traditions, because modem people are so used to them- and mostly because we

them ---- they hold a lot of weight in our daily life.

A. identify with

B. have fun with

C. adapt from

D. watch for

33. Though the exact number was not released, it's that at least 30 people were killed in the earthquake.

A. handled

B. shocked

C. estimated

D. captured

34. There are cases in which someone repeatedly threatened suicide and no one would listen and the individual, in despair, succeeded in his suicide .

A. attempt

B. reference

C. management

D. survey

35. Some experts think that the current browsing and posting on the interact may worsen

interact violence and cheating.

A. temporary

B. artificial

C. guilty

D. anonymous

36. Some people keep offending others just to see to what extent others can their misconducts.

A. regret

B. ban

C. tolerate

D. suffer

37. Compared with people's lives, the level of property damage is just of concern.

A. original

B. serious

C. secondary

D. separate

38. Many singers are calling on the law-makers to prevent copying of art works, which will destroy music industry.

A. illegal

B. commercial

C. complex

D. secret

39. As the figure in the field, Prof. Johnson expressed his opinion and ended the long debate on the issue.

A. authority

B. monster

C. literature

D. award

40. Every bus in the city was equipped with a hammer for passengers to use to windows in case any emergency occurs.

A. purchase

B. attack

C. smash

D. control

41. At the heart of every difference between the past and future --- science, finance family --- is the facl that the society is evolving from to law.

A. shelter

B. interest

C. magic

D. disorder

42. Doctors suggest the change of lifestyle for certain men 45 to 79 years old with habits like drinking and smoking.

A. harmful

B. elastic

C. similar

D. absent

43. In that country, even the high-income citizens would occasionally thehigh living cost,

claiming that they could hardly save any money every month.

A. lead to

B. grumble about

C. cover up

D. begin with

44. He is a workaholic and his family members never dare to him when he is at work.

A. disturb

B. contact

C. follow

D. bully

45. Light pollution is made worse with air pollution, as the small particles(微粒) that in the air serve to reflect the light.

A. transport

B. travel

C. float

D. serve

IV. Cloze (10%)

Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Do you know who the first robot in the world was? Recently, a clockwork robot built 240 years ago was

considered the first robot in the world to 46 the act of writing.

47 to look like a small boy, the robot, named the Writer, was created by Swiss watchmaker Pierre Jaquet-Droz in the 1770s. Jaquet-Droz was helped by his son to complete this masterpiece.

It takes the 48 of a small barefoot boy sitting at a wooden desk holding a quill(羽毛笔). When wound up, the boy moves his arm to dip his quill in the ink pot and then writes a sentence of up to 10 49 .

The Writer comprises approximately 6,000 parts and contains 40 replaceable cams(凸轮) that

50 the writing of words. The parts can be removed, or reordered to 51 the boy to write any sentence required.

Throughout his life, Jaquet-Droz lived in Paris, London and Geneva where he built 52

machines to help his firm sell watches and mechanical 53 . His other famous works include the Musician, which has 2500 pieces and the Draughtsman, with 2000 pieces. His three key pieces are now kept at the art and history museum in Switzerland.

The Writer is thought to be 54 to the modem-day computer or robot and is one of the oldest surviving examples of a robot and early cam 55 . The piece has been described as the world's most astonishing surviving robot.

46. A. engineer B. develop C. guarantee D. copy

47. A. Purchased B. Designed C. Translated D. Maintained

48. A. order B. lead C. shape D. picture

49. A. meanings B. lines C. characters D. styles

50. A. command B. remind C. evaluate D. record

51. A. forbid B. advise C. allow D. follow

52. A. expensive B. lifelike C. strange D. historic

53. A. copyrights B. preferences C. factories D. appliances

54. A. home B. ancestor C. enemy D. ignorance

55. A. method B. error C. technology D. dispute

V. Reading Comprehension (20%)

Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.

(1)

During the 1990s, I had spent five months in a bleak African country, Niger. There were many things I found difficult about that place the beggars were my biggest most constant gripes. They would continually thrust their hands into my face, shouting," Cadeau! Cadeau!"(gift in French)

After I had finished my nursing stint there, a friend and I headed for neighbouring Burkina Faso to work in a health clinic with much enthusiasm. "It's much greener in Burkina. Even the Coke tastes better," the locals assured us.

Arriving by taxi in our destination in Burkina, we began to unload. With my daypack wedged between my legs, I reached for my larger piece of luggage. Out of the darkness, a motorcycle with two men approached slowly. Without warning, one of the men grabbed my daypack as the motorcycle swept close by and disappeared into the night. The bag had my passport, money traveller's checks, camera in it. I was in deep trouble and the nearest Australian consulate(领事馆) was in Ethiopia. How was I ever going to get a new passport anytime soon?

In the weeks that followed, I guarded the rest of my valuables and regarded the locals with

suspicion. All I wanted was to leave that terrible place.

Then walking through the Burkina's streets one day, an old woman approached me and thrust her hand in my

face. "Dear lady Cadeau! Cadeau!" she cried. I had enough. I told her firmly in French," I have no 'cadeau'. I have no money. A thief stole all my money and now I can't get out of your country. I can't give you anything." The beggar woman listened attentively and pondered my words. Then her face crumpled into a toothless grin as she reached into the folds of her dress. "Then I will give you a cadeau," she announced. Kindly, she placed an old dark brown coin in my palm. I looked at it in shock. It was a minuscule amount of money but for this woman the coin represented a meal. At that moment, I felt the shame of affluence and the humility of charity. She had given me a gift disproportionate to anything that I had ever donated.

In the midst of her poverty, she was able to give me something priceless. I saw then, the

unexpected beauty of the people and appreciated profoundly the quiet dignity of the poor.

56. The underlined word minuscule in the passage is closest in meaning to .

A. unbelievable

B. tiny

C. unclear

D. ordinary

57. Which of the following Statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A. The writer complained most about beggars in Niger.

B. The writer was an Australian citizen.

C. Two motorists grabbed the writer's valuables out of a sudden.

D The writer still treated the locals fairly after the loss of the bag.

58. The writer had a different thought about charity because

A. she became too poor herself to help others

B. a local poor lady offered her money out of her scarce own

C. the writer got her bag back with the help of the local lady

D. a local lady gave the writer much more money than she had donated

59. All the events and activities are available at the carnival except .

A. Musicals

B. Gardening

C. Parenting Talk

D. Balloon Sculpturing Workshop

60. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. We get to barbecue the food that we buy in the RGS General Office.

B. You can choose to dunk any teacher in the school at the 'Slam Dunk' stall.

C. You will have two chances at the lucky dip if you purchase $40 worth of coupons.

D. You can win attractive prizes if you try your hand at the game machines in the Arcade Comer.

61. The main aim of the RGS Carnival is to

A. select the best RGS activity

B. showcase the pupils' musical talent

C. test hearts of participants with haunted houses

D. raise funds for the school's CIPF

(3)

The amazon is the largest and most diverse rain forest in the world-about 10 percent of all known species on earth dwell there. But it wasn't until recently that researchers were about to see the 'big picture' of the vast rain forest.

The new findings? Almost 400 billion trees belonging to 16,000 different types grow in the Amazon. More than 100 experts analyzed data from 1,170 surveys to come up with the figures.

The vast size and difficult terrain (地形) of the Amazon basin has historically restricted studies of tree communities to a local or regional level, making it difficult to see the big picture. This lack of information has hindered science and conservation efforts, according to experts.

The new findings, published in the journal Science, provide the first estimates of the abundance, frequency and distribution of many thousands of Amazonian trees. Extrapolations based on the data, collected over 10 years, suggest that greater Amazonia is home to around 390 billion individual trees. The area covered includes the amazon Basin and the Guiana Shield, spanning an area roughly the size of the 48 adjoining U.S. States.

While around 16,000 types of trees are believed to exist in the Amazon, half the total number of

the types are thought to belong to just 227 species, including Brazil nut, chocolate and rubber. "This is very valuable information for further research and policy making," said research co-author Dr. Hans ter Steege, from the Netherlands.

The study also offers insights into the rarest tree species in the Amazon. According to a mathematical model used in the study, roughly 6,000 Amazonnian tree types have populations of fewer than one thousand. This would automatically qualify them for inclusion in the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species(CNRLTS)-if they could be found and identified.

U.S. ecologist and co-author of the study, Professor Miles Silman said," Species too rare to find account for much of the planet's biodiversity. It's a real problem for conservation that the species at the greatest risk of extinction may disappear before we ever find them. It's a concern for the whole human race."

62. The underlined word hinder is closest in meaning to

A. generated

B. blocked

C. sponsored

D. improved

63. According to the passage, what made the collection of species information so difficult?

A. The lack of experienced professionals in the field.

B. The dangers of certain types of species.

C. The big area and complicated geographic situation.

D. The unfavourable government law in the field.

64. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. The amazon rain forest covers 10 percent of the world's dry land.

B. The conservation of amazon has been done well.

C. About 8000 types of trees belong to over 220 species.

D. About 6000 Amazonnian tree types have died out.

65. The species conservation was made difficult by

A. the negative climate of the amazon land

B. the possibility of dying of rare species

C. the lack of conservation fund

D. the human beings' lack of concern

VI．Translation(]0％)

Directions：Translate the following sentences into English，using the word or phrase given in the

brackets．

1．很难相信他在这么艰苦的环境中活了下来。(it)

2。学校采取行动增加学生每天的运动时间。(take)

3．有人绑架了他们的女儿，令那对夫妻焦急万分(which)

4．我相信每天吃鸡蛋对健康有益处。(believe)

5．Jack收到很多大学的邀请去做关于健康饮食的演讲．(receive)

VII。Guided Writing(15％)

现今，很多中学生关注于学习和娱乐，很少在家里做家务。就此现象，写一篇100至120字的作文，谈谈你的看法。

Answers

17-21 BCBDB 22-26 CBBBB 27-31 BACCD

32-36ACADC 37-41CAACD 42-45ABAC

46-50ABCCA 51-55 CBDBC

56-58 BDB 59-61 BCD 62-65 BCCB

1. It's hard to believe that he survived in such a tough environment.

2. The school took action to increase students' daily sports time.

3. Someone kidnapped their daughter, which made the couple very anxious.

4. I believe that eating eggs every day is good for health.

5. Jack received invitations from many universities to make speech on healthy diet.

2015控江中学高一第二学期期末试卷

25.In fact, many of our guests ask for accommodation here _______they come.

A.at each time

B. first time

C. for the first time

D. each time

26.It was due to luck _______judgment_______ the driven succeeded in avoiding an accident.

A.better than; when

B. other than; when

C. more than; that

D. rather than; that

27.Given the fact that the jellies were really moldy and smelling bad , the staff member thought they _______ the leftover from a party and dumped them into a dustbin.

A.h ad been

B. should have been

C. must have been

D. could have been

28.The girl has already included a lot of items on her packing list for the coach trip, such as walking boots, video camera, passport, books, etc, but at the advice of her mother she will also add a flashlight just for fear that there _______a power failure.

A.i s

B. will be

C. might be

D. should be

29.Do you still remember the days _________we spent together in Australia?

A.w hen

B. during which

C. which

D. on which

Keys: DDCDC

China is considering building an 8,000-mile high-speed rail link to America that would take less than two days to travel.

Traveling at around 217mph, the train would leave the north east of the country, run （30）_____Siberia and enter a 125-mile tunnel under the Bering Strait, the shortest crossing between Russia and Alaska. It would then resurface and head south through Canada, before reaching its destination in the US.

It is unclear whether the American, Canadian or Russian governments have agreed to the proposals. But engineers claim it would provide a viable alternative to air travel, according to China Daily. If completed, it would be 2,300 miles longer than the Trans-Siberian Railway, making it the longest train route in the world.

The underwater passage would also be four times the length of the Channel Tunnel, (31) ______connects France and the United Kingdom.

Even though the plans (32) _______(not accomplish), it is believed the project would be developed and financed by the Chinese, (33)_______ have become global leaders in high-speed rail travel. The country has constructed the world's longest bullet train network with more than6,200 miles of routes in service.

In 2012, they opened the world's longest high-speed link between Beijing and Guangzhou. The 1,428-mile trip had previously taken 24hours, but trains travailing at 168mphcut the journey to a mere eight.

In January, plans for a multi-billion-dollar international connection out of the US to Mexico were announced. Plans suggested the 300-mile route (34)_______(would link) San Antonio, Texas, to Monterrey, Mexico - slashing the journey time from five hours by car to under two hours.

Keys:

30 through 31 which 32.have not been accomplished 33 who 34 would link

III. V ocabulary (10%)

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Anne, Frank's Diary was published on June 15, 1952. The following is a(n) 35 part of her diary entry of July 15, 1944, about a month before the family was discovered:

In its 36_ depths, youth is lonelier" than old age." I read this saying in some book and I've always remembered it, and found it to be true. Older people have formed their opinions about everything, and don't hesitate before they act. My wish is that we young people could have our own ideas and hold our 37 too. However, it's twice as hard for us to do so, especially in a time when all ideals are being 38_ and destroyed, when people are showing their worst side, and when we do not know whether to believe in the true, the good, and the beautiful. Many people haven't realized how heavily we are __39 down by our problems—problems we are much too young to find solutions to. That’s the difficulty in these times: ideals, dreams, and hopes rise within us, only to meet the horrible reality and be destroyed.

It's really a wonder that I haven't 40 all my ideals, because they seem so_ 41 _ to carry out. Yet, I keep them, because in spite of everything, I have the belief that people are good at heart. The world going crazy, I hear the ever-approaching (即将到来的) thunder, which will 42 destroy us. I can feel the sufferings of millions and yet, if I look up into the heavens, I think that it will all come right, that this cruelty will end, and that peace will return.

In my heart there is always the wish that I could build my hopes on the 43 of confusion, misery, and death that I find all around me. Impossible as it seems, I must hold 44 to my ideals, for perhaps the time will come when I shall be able carry them out.

Keys: 35-44 IFAGB DHJEC

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up the markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is：Is economic globalization 50 for all?

According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce 51 in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration (融合) of local economies into the world economy. Home to some three billion people, these twenty-four countries have seen incomes 53 at an average rate of five percent—compared to two percent in developed countries.

Those who 54 globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. 55 , small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 56 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.

Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually 57 the gap between the

rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually 58 from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. 59 , they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to 60 their products may soon face fierce competition that could pot them out of 61 . When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to 62 and will be crowded out.

One thing is certain about globalization—there is no 63 . Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The 64 now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all. (347 words)

50. A. possible B. smooth C. good D. easy

51. A. crime B. poverty C. conflict D. population

52. A. contributing B. responding C. turning D. owing

53. A. remain B. drop C. shift D. increase

54. A. doubt B. define C. advocate D. ignore

55. A. In addition B. For instance C. In other words D. All in all

56. A. mature B. new C. local D. foreign

57. A. finding B. exploring C. bridging D. widening

58. A. suffered B. profited C. learned D. withdrawn

59. A. Furthermore B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise

60. A. consume B. deliver C. export D. advertise

61. A. trouble B. business C. powe D. mind

62. A. keep up B. come in C. go around D. help out

63. A. taking off B. getting along C. holding out D. turning back

64. A. agreement B. prediction C. outcome D. challenge

Keys: C,BADCB, CDBAC BADD

Section B (18%)

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

iPad mini with Retina display

Small wonder.

Beautiful 7.9-inch Retina display

iPad mini with Retina display is amazing-to-hold. Every photo is incredibly detailed, and every line of text is remarkably clear. With higher resolution (分辨率) than an HDTV, it's striking — on a whole new scale.

A7 chip

Don’t let its size fool you. iPad mini is. powered by the new A7 chin with 64-bit architecture. A7 delivers killer performance — up to four times faster CPU and up to eight times faster photograph performance than the previous generation — without sacrificing battery life. So you get incredible power in a device you can take with you wherever you go.

Powerful apps (应用软件)

61. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. An A7 chip installed, iPad mini with Retina display is more battery

consuming

B. Having an iPad mini with Retina display, you can do more in more places.

C. iOS7 with many new features is only designed for iPad mini with Retina display.

D. Order an iPad mini with Retina display online then collect it at your favorite retail store.

62. Who would be the potential readers of the passage?

A. Apple product fans.

B. App software developers.

C. Apple product sellers.

D. Information technology engineer;

Keys: CBA

(B)

Jane Austen was born in the English countryside more than 200 years ago. i lived a simple life. She seldom travelled.

She never married and she died from illness when she was only 41.

However, people all over the world remember her. Why? It is because Jane Austen is the author, of some of the belt-loved novels in the English language. These novels include Emma, Pride and Prejudice, sense and Sensibility and Persuasion.

Jane completed her last novel Persuasion in 1816, but it was not published until after her death. Persuasion is partly based on Jane's naval brother. '

Anne, the daughter of Sir Walter Elliot, falls in love with Captain Wentworth, a person of a lower social position. But she breaks off the engagement (婚约 ) when persuaded by her friend Lady Russell that such a match is unworthy. The breakup produces in Anne a deep and lone-lasting regret. Eight years later, Wentworth returns from sea a rich and successful captain. He finds Anne's family on the edge of financial ruin. Anne and the captain rediscover their love and get married.

Jane Austen once compared her writing to painting on a little bit of ivory (象牙), two inches square. Readers of Persuasion will see that neither her skill of delicate, ironic(讽刺的) observations on social custom, love, and marriage nor her ability to apply a sharp focus to English manners and morals has abandoned her in her final finished work.

Persuasion has produced three film adaptations (改编) : a 1995 version starring Amanda Root and Ciaran Hinds, a 2007 TV miniseries with Sally Hawkins and Rupert Penry-Jones, and a 1971 miniseries with Ann Firbank and Bryan Marshall.

People who are interested in Jane Austen can still visit many of the places she visited and lived. These places include the village of Steventon, although her family house is now gone. Many of the places Jane visited in Bath are still there. You can visit Jane Austen's home in Chawton, where she did her best writing, and Winchester, where she died.

63. What is the theme of Persuasion^

A. Never regret what you've chosen.

B. Love waits for no man.

C. Be matched for marriage.

D. True love lasts forever.

64. Which of the following CANNOT describe Jane's writing style?

A. Her application of symbolism.

B. Her delicate observations.

C. Her focus on manners and morals.

D. Her use of irony.

65. The article mainly talks about ________ .

A. Jane Austen's unique writing style

B. the original residence of Jane Austen

C. Jane Austen's last novel: Persuasion

D. the popularity of Jane Austen's novels

Keys: DAC

C

Increasingly ,over the past ten years ,people—especially young people—have become aware of the need to change their eating habits ,because much of the food they eat ,particularly processed foods ,is not good for the health .As a result ,there has been a growing interest in natural foods :foods which do not contain chemical fertilizers ,widely used in farming today .

Natural foods ,for example ,are vegetables ,fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic(有机的)matter . In simple terms ,this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter ,which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers , the main purpose of which is to increase the amount—but not the quality—of food grown in commercial farming areas .

Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy grassland for

cattle .Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry (家禽):there are battery farms ,for example ,where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish .Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food; they also produce eggs which lack important vitamins .

There are other things of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet .Take ,for example ,the question of sugar .This is actually a non-essential food! Although another natural food ,such as honey ,can be used to sweeten food if this is necessary ,we can in fact do without it .It is not that sugar is harmful in itself .But it does seem to be addictive : the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last two centuries and in Britain today each person consumes an average of 200 pounds a year !Yet all it does is provide us with energy ,in the form of calories .There are no vitamins in it ,no minerals ,and no fibre .

It’s very important that nowadays fibre is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet .In white bread ,for example ,the fibre has been removed .But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables .It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables ,certain diseases are comparatively not often seen .For this reason ,the importance is placed on the eating of wholemeal(没有去麸的面粉)bread and more vegetab les by modern experts on “healthy eating”.

Keys: ABC

1 现代科技证明人们的饮食习惯将会对环境造成很大的影响。(prove)

2 孙桥现代农业区充分利用现代农耕技术，造福上海人民。（benefit）

3 几十年前，城乡的巨大差异使得许多大学毕业生不愿意去农村工作。（contrast)

4 这对夫妇最大的愿望就是能找到一个人与自然和谐共处的地方来读多他们的余生。（where)

5 许多学生已充分意识到参加数学竞赛的重要性，这将有助于他们被重点大学录取。（aware)

1. The couple’s biggest wish is to find a place where human beings and nature can work well together to spend the rest of their life.

2. Several decades ago ,the sharp contrast between the city and the countryside made lots of university graduates unwilling to work in rural places.

3. Many students are fully aware of the importance of participating in maths contest,which will help them be admitted by key universities.

4. Sunqiao Modern Agricultural Development Zone makes full use of modern farming techniques to benefit the people of Shanghai.

5. Modern science and technology has proved that human eating habits will have a great effect on the environment .

牛津英语高一第一学期期末试卷

上海市西南位育中学2016第二学期

I. Grammar and Vocabulary (共20分，每题1分)

Section A

Kitchen experts Magnet polled 2,000 British adults to discover what makes them happiest, (1)

-relievers and what sights, sounds, tastes, smells and

touches are (2)

The survey showed that the humble hug is possibly the most powerful mood changer, with 44 percent (3)

Looking at old family photos puts a smile on the faces of one in three Britons, while listening to childhood songs

makes on e in four smile. Almost half of Britons turn to music when they’re feeling (4)

Exercise is the top stress-buster, closely followed by (5)

turn to food in times of boredom and stress, (6)

cure for both negative feelings.

The research discovered that (7) Britons cry like watching a sad film, with almost half saying it was their biggest tear-jerker. Looking back at old pictures makes 14 percent have (8)

sob. Car alarms top the list of most irritating sounds, though crying babies tend (9)

(get) the nation's backup too. Neuroscientist Dr. Jack Lewis said, “Indulging (10)

Section B

Our neighbor John Burns stood with his head down and a(n) (11) suitcase in each hand. A young boy with brown eyes and dark hair stood to his right. A fair-haired young girl stood to his left.

"Wait, and I’ll get Ron,” I said.

A few minutes later, I found my husband out back (12) apple trees. “John Burns is at the door. You’d better come.”

When we returned, I said, “John, tell Ron what you told me. I haven’t said anything to him.”

With head still (13) , the man explained once again, “I just went through a very bad divorce. I lost my job. And I seriously don’t know what to do.”

He (14) and cleared his throat. “I was wondering if you would take Brian and Amy. I don’t want them to end up in foster care again, and I c ouldn’t help (15) that your kids seem really happy.”

In the silence that followed, the world seemed to stop and (16) its breath. Our neighbor stared at the ground. The children’s big, sad eyes were (17) on my husband’s.

It was three weeks before Christmas 1980. Oregon was suffering yet another recession, and this man wasn’t the only one who’d lost his job. Ron had been laid off just before Thanksgiving.

"Well, I sure don’t see why not,” Ron replied in his (18) way.

I felt like someone was standing on my chest. My heart pounded in my ears, but I didn’t say a word.

After we finally got everyone in bed that night, I laid (19) listening to the winter wind blow across our mountain. A lone coyote (丛林狼) howled from the forest to the south.

I thought about the bear that came twice a year when the prunes were ripe. I thought about rainbows we often saw (20) across our orchard after a rain. I thought about how much I loved this place.

Then my thoughts turned to this unsettling day. How could John leave his children? Would he return? When? My mind raced with questions that I couldn’t answer.

II. Reading Comprehension (共45分：21-35每题1分；36-50每题2分)

Section A

In a world of likes, shares, thumbs-ups and star ratings, our personal taste is (21) constant assault by the tastes of others.

Tom Vanderbilt was walking his daughter to school one morning when she asked him what his favorite color was. Without really thinking, he gave a quick response: blue.

“It was the answer that popped into my (22) ,” V anderbilt explains. “It had always been there. Then I started to wonder whether it really was a preference or if I’d talked myself into it. If saying blue was my favorite made things like shopping for clot hes easier, maybe I’d (23) a shortcut that I didn’t necessarily believe in. And if blue was my favorite, where would a preference like that come from? These were the thought processes that (24) when I gave my daughter this answer.”

This simple, everyday exchange sent Vanderbilt, a journalist and author, on a(n) (25) of the science of preference that took him inside the worlds of military food engineering, pet-show judging and art galleries. In each place he was trying to find out why we like what we like, and what it means to us, and he documents his exploration in a new book.

Never has our personal taste been so (26) . We live in a world of likes, thumbs-ups and star ratings. Even

before he had that conversation with his daughter, Vanderbilt had been feeling as if every day he was weighing up some new product or service that had come into his life.

"And not only that, but I was being (27) what other people felt,” he says. “There was this torrent of opinion, what they felt about restaurants, hotels, pro ducts on Amazon, films, books.”

It is the (28) size of what he calls “this swell” (浪潮) of opinion that makes his central discovery so interesting: Our taste, so personal to us, so essential to our identity, is something we have very (29) control over. When it comes to what we like, we are easily swayed, (30) to unconscious bias and social influences, full of contradictions. We (31) understand why we like what we like. And we may not like it tomorrow, says Vanderbilt.

A key part of marketing any product or service is manipulating our preferences. But people’s likes can be notoriously tricky to (32) or influence. Vanderbilt examines the case of Crystal Pepsi, a clear soft drink released in the early 1990s.

“There was a(n) (33) at the time for clear products and Pepsi decided to capitalize on it,” Vanderbilt explains. “But it didn’t realize that it was going to be violating people’s expectations in all sorts of ways. (34) liked it when they couldn’t see it in a blind tasting, but once they realized it had no (35) , that violated their expectation of what it should taste like. The very fact that it was called Pepsi led them to believe it would taste more Pepsi-like but it was slightly different.”

Section B

(A)

A job advertisement for an emoji translator has been placed by a U.K. firm in what is thought to be a world first. London-based Today Translations placed the ad for an emoji translator in order to meet the “challenges posed by the world’s fastest-growing language.”

Part of the job for the successful candidate will involve explaining cross-cultural misunderstandings that arise from emoji meanings in different parts of the world. The poo emoji, for example, is used as a symbol for luck in Japan, as the words for “poo” and “luck” are similar in Japanes e.

"Emoji translation is itself an emerging field—but one dominated to date by software, which is often insensitive to cultural differences in usage and interpretation,” the ad states. “We are therefore seeking an exceptional individual to provide the human touch needed where translation software is inadequate. In the absence of any native speakers, the successful candidate should be able to demonstrate a passion for emojis, combined with cutting-edge knowledge and awareness of areas of confusion and cultu ral differences.”

The job’s responsibilities include compiling a monthly report on emoji trends and research into cross-cultural differences in emoji usage.

Earlier this year, the King James version of the Bible was translated into emoji by an anonymous translator known only as the “sunglasses smiley emoji.”

"What’s amazing about emojis and what’s made them so successful is that they’re language-agnostic—they allow you to convey an idea to anyone, regardless of what language they speak,” the creator told religious website Christian Headlines. “A major goal of this whole process was to take a book that I think is very non-approachable to lay readers and try to make it more approachable by removing a lot of its density.”

36. According to the passage, who would most likely be qualified as an emoji translator?

A Harvard University graduate student.

A linguist working on an endangered language.

A technician working in different countries.

A licensed psychological therapist.

37. The underlined word “language-agnostic” in the last paragraph probably means “______.”

irrelevant to language

sensitive to language

closely related to language

synchronized with language

38. We need to add a human touch to emoji translation because ______.

translation software sometimes makes mistakes

emoji translation is a developing field

Japanese emojis are difficult to understand

humans can explain cultural misunderstandings better

39. An anonymous translator translated the Bible into emoji with the primary goal to ______.

encourage readers to believe in the Bible

take the Bible to more countries

make the Bible accessible to all readers

make the Bible more portable

(B)

For centuries, Beijing has been the promised land of China. Originally a walled bastion for emperors and officials, it remains a majestic political and architectural marvel. Today, people from the countryside still flock to the city in search of the elusive pot of gold at the end of the rainbow. The lure of the capital proves too enticing. Meanwhile, down the road by the Friendship Store, smartly dressed customers clutching mobile phones head for the nearest banquet or disco.

Perhaps nowhere else in China more than in Beijing is the generation gap more visible. Appalled by the current drive to “modernize,” many older people still speak proudly about Chairman Mao and the years of sacrifice for the socialist revolution. But many youngsters are more interested—like youngsters everywhere—in money, motorbikes, fashion, video games and rock music.

Foreigners seem to enjoy Beijing since the city offers so much to see and do. Things have changed drastically in the last ten years or so. The Beijing of today is a forest of construction cranes, bulldozers and 24-hour work crews scrambling to build the new China. Plush shopping malls and five-star hotels rise from the rubble. A good number of the road signs and advertising billboards are now in English. Whatever one says about Beijing today, it probably won’t be true tomorrow. The city is changing so rapidly that it makes you dizzy.

Travelers of the 1980s remember Beijing as a city of narrow lanes with single-story homes built around courtyards. These have given way to the high-rise housing estates of the 1990s. TV sets and washing machines—unimaginable luxuries in the 1980s—are now commonplaces. Whereas bicycles and ox carts were the main form of transport a decade ago, both are prohibited on the new freeways and toll roads that now encompass the city. Whereas not so long ago everyone wore the Chairman Mao suit, now jeans and T-shirts, leather jackets and suits are the norm.

Whatever impression you come away with, Beijing is one of the most fascinating places in China. It may be something of a showcase, but what capital city isn’t? Within its environs you will find some of China’s most stunning sights—the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace and the Great Wall, to name a few. The city itself offers so much of interest that the main complaint of most visitors is that they simply run out of time before seeing it all.

40. Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude towards recent changes in

Beijing?

Optimistic and joyful.

Negative and depressed.

Neutral but nostalgic.

Neutral but happy.

41. All of the following descriptions of Beijing are true EXCEPT that _______.

the capital is attractive to young people

the builders are always in a hurry

people usually wear Western clothes now

the generation gap has become invisible

42. Which of the following best interprets the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?

All capital cities are a showcase of their country.

Beijing should make itself unique among all the capital cities.

Visitors prefer Beijing to other capital cities because it is unique.

Beijing is a better showcase than other capital cities.

(C)

Americans may have made some changes in the way they celebrate Christmas over the years, but some important traditions—like friends and family—remain the same. According to a Pew Research Center survey conducted among a representative sample of 2,001 adults nationwide, 9 out of every 10 Americans celebrate Christmas.

However, only around half of those who celebrate Christmas view it as a religious holiday, while one-third see it as a cultural celebration, rather than one of faith. Religion is far less cent ral to young people’s observances of Christmas, the survey found, with only 39 percent of those aged 18-29 viewing it as a religious holiday, compared to 66 percent of those aged 65 and older.

In an attempt to explore the changing nature of Christmas traditions, the Pew survey also asked its adult participants how they remember celebrating the holiday as children, compared to the way they celebrate it now. A whopping 86 percent said they plan to celebrate Christmas with family and friends, and the same percentage say they plan to give gifts to friends and family. Around 9 in 10 adults said these activities were part of their holiday traditions when they were children. According to the survey, 8 out of every 10 Americans plan to put up a Christmas tree this year, compared to 92 percent who said they typically put up a Christmas tree when they were children.

Other holiday traditions remembered from childhood didn’t fare as well, however. While 81 percent of those surveyed said their families typically sent holiday cards during their childhood, only 65 percent said they planned to do so this year. Only 16 percent said they would go caroling, compared to 36 percent who said they caroled during their childhood.

The Pew survey found that religious and non-religious Americans are relatively similar in their celebrations of Christmas, and that both cultural and religious observers were just as likely to gather with family, exchange gifts and take part in another popular Christmas tradition—Santa Claus. Among the adults surveyed who have a child believing in Santa Claus, 69 percent said they plan to pretend that Santa visits their house on Christmas Eve this year. Perhaps more surprisingly, 18 percent of parents whose children do not believe in Santa will still pretend to get a visit from the jolly bearded fellow this Christmas, and so will 22 percent of adults who are not parents or guardians of any children.

43. The main idea of Paragraph 3 can be best concluded as ______.

most American families will buy Christmas trees

most Americans want to celebrate Christmas with their families

few Americans want to celebrate Christmas with their families

Americans generally celebrate Christmas the same way they did

before

44. Which of the following is NOT true about Christmas?

Santa Claus remains a popular holiday icon.

Religious observers exchange gifts at Christmas.

Caroling is becoming increasingly popular nowadays.

It is viewed more as a cultural holiday than a religious

one.

45. According to the passage, what does the author imply?

Non-Christians are not encouraged to observe Christmas.

Some childless adults still pretend that Santa exists.

It is important to celebrate Christmas with family and friends.

The Pew survey explored how Christmas traditions have changed over

time.

46. What is the best title for the passage?

Christmas Traditions, Past and Present.

How Americans Celebrate Christmas.

How Christmas Traditions Have

Changed.

Why Americans Celebrate Christmas.

Section C

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

A. The food people eat during celebrations and ceremonies can symbolize many things, but sharing food is one custom that almost all humans have in common.

B. Food serves this purpose in two fundamental ways.

C. Sometimes this is based on their shape; for instance, long noodles symbolize long life.

D. It is also one of the most commonly shared foods in the world.

E. This ritual expresses their hope that the baby will never be hungry.

F. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita.

We usually understand when someone speaks or writes to us, and many gestures and facial expressions have meaning, too. But have you ever considered what and how we eat as a form of communication? (47) In many cultures, people share food at mealtimes. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a prominent role in a family or culture’s celebrations or traditions. The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture, or may even differ between rural and urban areas within one country.

In most cultures, bread represents nourishment. (48) Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of companionship and togetherness. In fact, the word “companion” comes from the Latin com (together) and panis (bread). Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with elaborately decorated cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition has its roots in the custom of sharing bread.

Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of cornbread represent blocks of gold for prosperity in the new year. (49) A coin is baked into the cake,

which signifies success in the new year for the person who receives it. Most of the foods eaten during the Chinese New Year have symbolic significance. (50) The symbolism can also be based on the sound of the word in Chinese. For example, people give out oranges because the word for “orange” sounds like the word for “good luck.”

III. Summary Writing (10分)

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Less than two years before the Soviet Union faced off against Nazi Germany during World War II, it waged a bloody war with another enemy: the tiny nation of Finland. The Soviet Union’s conflict with its Nordic neighbor began in 1939, when Joseph Stalin looked to expand his influence over Eastern Europe. Citing concerns about a potential attack by the Germans, Stalin demanded that Finland’s border with the Soviet Union be moved back 16 miles along the Karelian Isthmus to create a buffer zone around the city of Leningrad. He also wanted the Finns to hand over several islands in the Gulf of Finland and lease the Soviets territory on the Hanko Peninsula for construction of a naval base. The Soviets offered a large piece of its territory as part of the deal, but the Finns were suspicious of their motives and turned them down. On November 30, 1939, following a series of ultimatums and failed negotiations, the Soviet Red Army launched an invasion of Finland with half a million troops.

Though vastly outnumbered and outgunned in what became known as the “Winter War,” the Finns had the advantage of fighting on home turf (在主场作战). Led by Marshal Carl Gustaf Mannerheim, they beat back repeated Soviet tank assaults. Elsewhere on the frontier, Finnish ski troops used the rugged landscape to conduct hit-and-run attacks on isolated Soviet units. Their guerilla tactics were aided by the freezing Finnish winter.

While the Finns put up a determined resistance during the winter of 1939-1940, their troops were no match for the sheer size of the Red Army. In February 1940, the Soviets renewed their attack and overran the Finnish defenses on the Karelian Isthmus. With its forces low on ammunition and nearing the brink of exhaustion, Finland agreed to peace terms the following month.

The treaty ending the Winter War forced Finland to cede 11 percent of its territory to the Soviet Union, yet the country maintained its independence and later fought the Soviet Union a second time during World War II. For the Soviets, meanwhile, victory came at a heavy cost. During just three months of fighting, their forces suffered over 300,000 casualties compared to around 65,000 for the Finns.

Key:

IV. Translation (15分)

1. 专家警告民众投资有风险。(warn)

2. 有了智能手机，学生可以轻松找到网上学习资源。(access)

3. 劳动力缺乏是人口老龄化国家面临的最大问题。(lack)

4. 成功的企业管理需要职业经理人长期的努力和奉献。(involve)

V. Guided Writing (25分)

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

近日，上海某高中为了方便学生在课上查询各类网络资料，决定允许全体学生在课上使用手机。获悉这个消息后，家长们纷纷表示担忧。他们认为允许学生在课堂上使用手机将会影响他们的听课效率，甚至造成学生玩手机成瘾等问题。

结合以上现象，请以该中学高一学生的身份写一封信给校报，谈谈你对该问题的看法。

I. Grammar and Vocabulary

1. what

2. the most powerful

3. saying

4. irritated

5. stroking