2012职称英语卫生类 完形填空 完整版

2012职称英语卫生类 完形填空 完整版
2012职称英语卫生类 完形填空 完整版

2012年职称英语卫生类新增阅读理解

第八篇吃健康

“清洁你的盘子!”和“清洁板俱乐部的成员!”只是在美国的每个孩子听到父母,祖父母或外祖父母。通常情况下,它伴随着上诉:“试想想,在非洲的孤儿挨饿!”当然,我们应该感谢每一口食物。不幸的是,在美国的许多人采取太多的叮咬。而不是停留“清洁盘”,也许我们应该为明天保存一些食物。

据新闻报道,美国餐馆的部分原因归咎于日益增长的肚子。一位服务员把一盘食物,在每个客户面前,用两到四倍由政府建议的数额,根据今日美国的故事。美国人的传统与价值关联的数量和大多数餐馆尝试给他们。他们喜欢有客户抱怨比太少而对过多的食物。

在宾夕法尼亚州立大学营养学教授芭芭拉·罗尔斯,告诉美国今天餐厅份量开始增长,在20世纪70年代,美国人的腰围开始扩大的同时。

健康专家们试图让许多餐馆为较小的部分。显然,现在,一些客户要求这太。餐饮业贸易杂志QSR品牌上个月公布的4000多名受访者中,有57%的人认为,餐厅服务,有过大的部分,23%没有意见,20%的受访者表示反对。但仔细看看在调查表明,许多美国人谁买不起精美的餐饮还是比较喜欢大的部分。 70%的收入至少每年150,000元喜欢小部分,但只有45%的收入低于25000美元要小。

它不是工人阶级美国人不想吃的健康。只不过,经过长时间的低薪工作,让他们的盘子少,似乎并不像一个很好的协议。他们住的月光族,高兴地节省一点钱,为明年的圣诞礼物。

第十九篇延长人类寿命

延长人类寿命增加的人口规模。今天还活着的许多人已经死亡的儿童疾病,如果他们已诞生于100年前。因为更多的人活得更长,在任何特定时间大约有更多的人。事实上,它是死亡率下降,出生率增加,导致人口爆炸。

延长人类寿命也增加了依赖负荷。在所有社会中,那些被禁用或太年轻或太老工作的人都依赖于社会其他成员,为他们提供。在狩猎和采集文化,老人们谁不能跟上,可能会留下死亡。在饥荒的时候,婴儿可能会允许死,因为他们无法生存,如果他们的父母饿死,而如果父母幸存下来,他们能有一个孩子。在最现代的社会中,人们感到在道义上有义务保持活着的人,他们是否能工作或没有。今天我们有一个伟大的许多人过去住在他们想要的工作或有工作能力的年龄,我们也有规则,要求人们在一定的年龄退休。除非这些人能节省的钱为自己的退休生活,别人必须支持他们。在美国,许多退休的人生活在社会的安全检查,这是这么少,他们必须住在附近的贫困。老年人比年轻或中年的人有更多的疾病,除非他们有财富或私人或政府的保险,他们必须经常“福利”,如果他们有一个严重的疾病。

当老年人成为老年或过弱和生病照顾自己,他们创造他们的家庭的严重问题。在过去,在一些传统的文化,他们将在家照顾,直到他们去世。今天,一个家庭的工作或在学校的大部分成员,往往是家里没有一个人可以照顾生病或虚弱的人。为了满足这种需求,已建成一个伟大的许多养老院和疗养院。这些往往是非牟利机构,虽然有些是由宗教和其他非营利组织的赞助。虽然几个好了这些机构的弧,其中大部分是简单的“垃圾场”在奄奄一息的“照顾”是由收入微薄,过度劳累,并根据技术人员。

第二十四篇睡眠让大脑文件存储器

睡觉。也许要提交吗?网上公布这个星期,由“国家科学院的研究结果进一步支持的理论,大脑组织,和stows白天形成的,而身体的其余部分正在迎头赶上ZZZ的回忆。

捷尔吉·罗格斯大学和他的同事Buzsaki分析睡眠小鼠和大鼠的脑电波。具体来说,他们研究的体感皮层(处理感官信息的区域)和海马,这是一个学习和记忆中心产生的电活动。科学家们发现,来自这两个地区的脑电波的振荡出现交织在一起。所谓的睡眠纺锤(从大脑皮层活动的阵阵)随访,后来被在涟漪称为海马的节拍几十毫秒。该小组断定,这两个大脑区域之间的相互作用是记忆巩固的关键一步。第二项研究,网上公布的这一周,链接年龄相关的记忆力下降,高血糖水平的国家科学院论文集。

以前的研究表明,患有糖尿病的人遭受增加内存问题。安东尼奥Convit的纽约大学医学院和他的合作者在新的工作,研究了30人,其平均年龄为69,以调查是否血糖水平,这往往会随着年龄的增加,以及影响在健康人的记忆。管理科学家回忆测试,脑部扫描和糖耐量试验,测量的速度有多快糖从血液中吸收人体的组织。的研究小组发现,与最贫穷的记忆回忆的主题,也显示了最贫穷的糖耐量。此外,他们的大脑扫描结果显示,多学科能够更好地吸收血液中糖的海马萎缩。

“我们的研究表明减值,这可能会导致记忆障碍,随着人们年龄的发生。” convit说。“提出了有趣的可能性,改善糖耐量,可逆转”运动和控制体重的问题在一些年龄相关的认知,可以帮助保持血糖水平在检查,所以可能会有更多的理由去健身房。

第四十篇一些人其他人一样没有味道的盐

低盐食品可能比其他人更难一些人喜欢,根据一项由宾夕法尼亚州立大学农业科学学院食品科学家的研究。研究表明,遗传因素的影响盐的水平,我们喜欢吃的一些差异。

这些结论是重要的,因为最近,广泛宣传努力减少食品中的含盐量都留下了许多人挣扎着接受加价,根本不口感好它们,因为它给别人指出,食物的助理教授约翰·海斯,科学,谁是这项研究的首席研究员。

高盐饮食可以增加血压高和中风的风险。这就是为什么公共健康专家和食品公司正在研究如何通过愉快吃的食物,帮助消费者降低盐的摄入量。这项研究增加了解盐偏好和消费。

参与研究的仔细甄别谁采样过咸的食物,如汤和薯条,在多个场合,遍布周的参与者。测试对象为45个男子和42名女性,据报道,健康,年龄从20至40年不等。谁不积极改变他们的饮食中摄取的个人组成的样本,并没有抽烟。他们常用的科学规模评价的味道的强度,范围从几乎检测不到任何形式的感觉最强。

“我们最喜欢的盐味。然而,有些人吃多盐,无论是因为他们喜欢咸味更多的味道,还因为它是需要阻止其他食物中的不愉快的味道。”海耶斯说。“Supertaster s,谁遇到口味更强烈的人,消耗更多的盐比味觉迟钝。有咸味作为其主要的风味小吃食品,至少这些食物,更多的是更好的,所以supertasters似乎他们更喜欢。”

海耶斯指出,然而,supertasters还需要更高水平的盐,以阻止不愉快的苦味的食物,如奶酪。“他说,”举例来说,奶酪是从牛奶发酵乳制品口味的美妙结合,但也从苦味,熟盐阻塞。“supertaster s发现低盐奶酪不愉快的,因为太明显的辛酸。”

海耶斯专利超过75年前的研究做了一个名为福克斯和名为布莱克斯利遗传学家化学家,表

明个人在他们品尝到某些化学物质的能力不同。因此,海耶斯解释,我们知道,在品味视力广泛存在,眼睛和头发的颜色变化,这种变化是正常的。

“他说。”,称为supertasters,有些人形容为极苦苦味化合物,而其他人,称为nontasters,发现这些相同的苦味化合物是无味或只有微弱的苦。“苦味化合物的反应是生理上的差异,以确定在食物偏好,因为supertasting是不是有限的,以苦的许多方法之一。”

卫生类完形填空

第二篇去节食

一个典型的人需要约每天1800卡路里来维持生计。这些热量,让你的心1_______and你的肺部呼吸。他们让你的的机关operating2_______and,你的大脑运行。他们还保持身体温暖。一个人3______weight因为他或她每天消耗超过所需的热量。唯一的方式来减肥是,以4______the你每天消耗的卡路里的数量。这是基本的饮食5______behind。

6______,饮食不工作的大多数人。他们不减肥,但7______饮食,并把它放回。建立一个合理的饮食和运动计划是一致的重量8______的关键。你需要弄清楚多少卡路里,你需要一天,你有多少9______采取下一步是添加,锻炼,让您可以10______the每天消耗的热量,你可以数。

运动的图表可以显示你多少卡路里,不同11______of锻炼能燃烧。每天燃烧250或500卡路里的热量可以12______a很大的区别。你可以骑自行车锻炼,而你正在看电视或可以13______的楼梯而不要乘电梯。找到一个锻炼14______。运动可以是一个容易得多,如果有什么人在说话。公司合身的衣服穿,如果你节食,这是一个好主意。 15______clothing提醒你试图完成的行为。

第十二篇梦

每个人都可以dream.Indeed,每个人都dream.Those谁1,他们做梦也想不到在所有实际的梦想2,经常休息,3,他们可能不记得任何有关it.Even我们这些谁是完美的梦想一夜4 5日晚,很少记得在6详细的梦想,但只保留一个看似无关的印象凌乱的混合物。梦想并不是单纯的视觉,我们的梦想与我们所有的7,使我们似乎体验到听觉,触觉,嗅觉,和味觉。世界上最古老的书面文件之一,是埃及的Dreams.This卷书是约有五千多年的历史,所以你可以梦想,被认为有特殊的意义甚至then.Many文明古国相信你10永远不会问睡觉的人,睡眠过程中,作为灵魂离开了身体,并可能无法返回11次,如果卧铺突然12。

从远古时代到目前的13人已经14试图解释的梦想,并解释其significance.There可用对梦想interpretation.although主题的许多书籍,不幸的是有一个特定的梦想15的几乎一样多的意义,有书。

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