高一下学期英语语法模块练习人教版
高一下学期语法模块练习
一、情态动词
情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语
1.–May I sit beside you, sir
--- No, you ______. My girlfriend is coming soon.
A. ca n’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. shouldn’t
_____ I speak to Mary, please
--Sorry, she____ come to the phone because she isn’t in.
A. Might; won’t
B. Can’t; mustn’t
C. May; can’t
D. Couldn’t; shouldn’t
3. --- I want to know if I _ smoke here.
--- No, you____ . Could you see the sign “NO SMOKING” there
A. can; needn’t
B. must; can’t
C. shall; won’t
D. may; mustn’t
4. My wife never remembers my telephone number. She always ____ look it up.
A. must
B. should
C. would
D. has to
5. --- ____ you pass me the English magazine, please
--- Sure. Here you are.
A. Could
B. Need
C. Must
D. Might
6. ---Must I go to work with you
--- No, you_____. Linda ______ go with me.
A. mustn’t; can
B. can’t; has to
C. daren’t; should
D. needn’t; may
7. --- __ I tell Mary the test results
--- No, you____. She’s already got the score.
A. Will; won’t
B. Shall; needn’t
C. May; mustn’t
D. Can; don’t
8. You ____ be careful wh en crossing here. The traffic lights aren’t working.
A. might
B. ought to
C. could
D. may
9. ---Could I borrow your bicycle
--- Yes, of course you_____.
B. should
C. can
D. need
10. Joan_____ come with us this afternoo n, but she isn’t very sure yet.
A. can
B. may
C. must
D. will
11. I _____ ask you the question because I think I _____ be wrong.
daren’t; must B. mustn’t; can
C. needn’t; may
D. can’t; should
12. It’s nearly eight o’clock. Mike _____ be h ere at any moment.
A. need
B. has to
C. should
D. can
13. The fire spread through the building very quickly but everyone ____ get out.
A. had to
B. would
C. could
D. was able to
do you think of this answer
B. might
C. must
D. can
15. --- Is John coming by train
--- He should, but he ___. He likes driving his car.
A. can’t
B. needn’t
C. may not
D. mustn’t
16. He doesn’t have to work tomorrow, but you have got to, ____ you
A. don’t
B. haven’t
C. haven’t got
D. can’t
17. You_____ wake me up when I fall asleep, ______ you
A. haven’t better; have
B. would not rather; would
C. had better not; should
D. had not better; must
18. ---Why! I couldn’t get you on the phone this morning.
--- We _____ tennis in the yard when you phone me.
A. could be playing
B. must be playing
C. must have been playing
D. should have played
19. --- W e didn’t see him at the lecture.
--- Neither did anybody else. He _____ it.
A. may not have attended
B. mustn’t attend
C. can’t have attended
D. couldn’t attend
20. ---I came here by taxi and the driver charged me 50 yuan.
---Really You _____ have come by bus.
A. could
B. must
C. may
D. should
21. --- Do you still remember when we went to the Great Wall
--- I can’t remember it well, but _____ it have been sometime last May
A. should
B. must
C. could
D. would
22. ---I wonder why Mr Lin didn’t come to work.
--- He____ have been ill.
A. needn’t
B. should
C. might
D. can
23. ---No one passed the mathematics examination today.
---I guess we ____ the exercise last night.
A. could review
B. should review
C. might review
D. should have reviewed
24. She_____ the hospital so soon, for she hasn’t yet recovered.
A. wouldn’t have left
B. shouldn’t have left
C. needn’t leave
D. hadn’t left
25. Why didn’t you tell me there was no meeting today I ______ all the way here through the heavy snow.
A. needn’t have driven
B. can’t have driven
C. must have driven
D. shouldn’t have driven.
26. The book is neither yours nor mine. Whose ______ it be
A. must
B. may
C. should
D. can
A. must
B. could
C. should
D. can
28. It must have rained last night, _____ it
A. mustn’t
B. can’t
C. hasn’t
D. didn’t
you stay for lunch
--- Sorry, I _____. My brother is coming to see me.
A. mustn’t
B. can’t
C. needn’t
D. won’t
30. --- Are you coming to Jeff’s party
--- I’m not sure. I ____ go to the concert instead.
A. must
B. would
C. should
D. might.
31. Michael ____ be a poli ceman, for he’s much too short.
A. needn’t
B. can’t
C. should
D. may
32. Mr Bush is on time for everything. How ___ it be that he was late for the ceremony
A. can
B. should
C. may
D. must
33. –I stayed at a hotel while in New York
-- Oh did you You ____ with Barbara.
A. could have stayed
B. could stay
C. must have stayed
D. would stay
34. If I ___go with you, I would feel very glad.
can B. could C. should D. may
was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You___ come, but why didn’t you
A. must have
B. should
C. need have
D. ought to have
36.—When can I come for the photos I need them tomorrow afternoon.
--They ___ be ready by 12:00.
A. can
B. should
C. might
D. need
37. I didn’t hear the phone. I ____ asleep.
A. must be
B. must have been
C. should be
D. should have been
38. I ___ do all the difficult work for you.
A. haven’t got to
B. not have got to
C. have got not to
D. have got to not
39. Sorry I’m late. I ___ have turned off the a larm clock and gone back to sleep again.
A. might
B. should
C. can
D. will
40. If I had time, I ____ go with you.
A. can
B. will
C. may
D. might
1-5 ACDDA 6-10 DBBCB 11-15 ACDDC 16-20 BCCCD
21-25 CCDBA 26-30 DCDBD 31-35 BAABD 36-40 BBAAD
二、名词性从句
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分，that在宾语从句中可省略，但引导其他名词性从句时通常不省略。引导宾语从句时，whether可换成if，但引导其他名词性从句时不能换成if。）
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.（连接代词who(m), whose, which, what 等引导名词性从句时，均有各自的意义，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等）。
连接副词：when, where, how, why（等引导名词性从句，也各自有自己的意义，在从句中作状语）。
1. Nowadays consumers become more and more practical and buy only _______ they need.
2. She’d like to offer money to ________ needs it to continue his o r her study.
A. who
B. whom
C. whoever
D. whomever
3. ---If you are admitted to a key university, _________ as a prize
--- I’m looking for a cell phone.
A. What you expect your father will offer you
B. Do you expect what your father will offer you
C. What do you expect will your father offer you
D. What do you expect your father will offer you
4. Yesterday he sold out all his stamps at ____ he thought was a reasonable price.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. as
5. Generally speaking, ____ we have seen seems more believable than ____ we have been told.
A. what; that
B. what; what
C. that; what
D. that; that
6. After three days’ waiting, there was a little doubt in the mother’s mind _______ the police could find her lost child.
A. how
B. that
C. where
D. whether
7. “Sustainable development” is a question _______ we can continue developing the world without damaging the environment.
A. why
B. when
C. that
D. how
8. We’d like to do _______ we can _________ the poor.
A. how; help
B. all; to help
C. whatever; help
D. however; to help
9. My parents used ________they had to get a new car for my brother.
A. which
B. all what
C. what
D. 不填
10. She was so angry at all ________ he was doing _________ she stayed up all night.
A. that; that
B. that; which
C. what; that
D. what; as
11. ____you don’t like him is none of my business.
A. What
B. That
C. Who
D. How
the inventions have in common is ____they have succeeded.
A. What; what
B. That; that
C. what; that
D. That ; what
13. ____appeared to me that he enjoyed the food very much.
A. What
B. It
C. All that
D. That
14. It is widely ______that smoking can cause cancer.
A. believed
B. think
C. say
D. hoped
15. ____caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What
B. That
C. How
D. Where
16. The reason I plan to go is___ she will be disappointed if I don’t.
A. because
B. that
C. thanks to
D. what
17. What time do you think__
A. will Tom come back
B. Tom will come back
C. is Tom coming back
D. can Tom get here
18. The teacher said that light___ faster than sound.
A. Has traveled
B. traveled
C. had traveled
D. travels
is still a question___ will win.
A. It; that
B. It; who
C. That; who
D. This; that
20. If you know___ it was that write A Tale of Two Cities, raise your hand.
1-5 DCDCB 6-10 DDBCA 11—15 BCBAA 16—20 BBDBC
三、主谓一致
主谓一致的种类
1．语法形式上的一致
主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。
2．意义上一致
1）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。如：The crowd were shouting.
单数形式代表复数内容的词有：people, police, cattle等。
2）主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。如：The news was so surprising.
形复意单的单词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称，如physics，politics, economics等。
3．就近原则
即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or，either…or, neither…not, not only…but also等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。
1. The audience _____ so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great hall.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. has
2. The secretary and principal _____ at the meeting now.
A. are speaking
B. is speaking
C. were making a speech
D. have a speech
3. Between the two roads _____ a TV tower called "Skyscraper Tower".
A. stands
B. standing
C. which stands
D. stand
4. Where to get the materials and how to get them _____ at the meeting.
A. have not discussed
B. have not been discussed
C. has not discussed
D. has not been discussed
5. This pair of shoes _____.
A. is her
B. is hers
C. are hers
D. are her
railway station is ______from our school.
hour`s drive hours` drive
hour drive hours drive
and John`s ______.
is a teacher are teachers
are teachers are teacher
great deal of talking and listening that ______ under casual circumstance may seem to be aimless.
occurred occurred
the classroom needs to be cleaned.
the offices or offices and
the office and office and
10. One and a half _______ _left on the table.
A. apple is B, apples is C. apple are D. apples are
______ a lot of sugar in the jar.
has
12. “All ______present and all ______going on well”, our monitor sa id.
is , are is are
of the plans ______equally dangerous.
police ______the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
searching searching for
15. ______a good enough price for this book
yuans are yuan are
yuans is yuan is
bird and no beast ______in the lonely island
seen seen
means ______prevent the water from______
used to polluting used to polluting
used to , polluted used to ,being polluted
we need ______good textbooks.
only Tom but also Peter and Mary _______ __planning to go．
A．is B．was C．are D．has been
number of the students of this school _______ __large．
A．are B．are not C．isn’t D．aren’t
1-5 ABADB 6-10 BACAB 11-15 CCBBD 16-20 BDBCC
四、非谓语动词
1.非谓语的概念：动词的基本用法是作谓语。当句中已经有了谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。
非谓语形式有三种：动词不定式：to do 动词的ing : doing 动词的过去分词：done
2. 三种形式的含义（基本用法）
不定式：表示目的和将来；动词的ing：表示主动和进行；过去分词：表示被动和完成。
4. 非谓语动词的否定形式
在非谓语动词前加not, never. 即not / never to do, not / never doing
5.非谓语动词的复合结构
不定式的复合结构：for / of sb. to do sth.
动词ing 形式的复合结构：宾格或所有格+doing (-ing 形式作主语时，用的所有格＋doing)
6. 非谓语动词的做题步骤
-- 判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了
-- 找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
-- 判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
-- 判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。
1、说出下列动名词短语在句中的作用
1 Would you mind carrying this suitcases for us
2 It has been so nice meeting you.
3 The main difficulty was finding enough raw material.
4 The real problem is knowing what to write.
5 It was annoying not being able to remember the new words.
6 Working in the open air has given you a good color.
7 The girls are all fond of dancing.
8 It made him ill drinking so much whisky.
9 Your job will be looking after the cows.
1.宾语
2. 主语
3. 表语
4. 表语
5. 表语; 主语
6. 主语
7. 介宾8. 主语9. 表语
1. European football is played in 80 countries, ________ it the popular sport in the world.
A. making
B. makes
C. made
D. to make
2. One learns a language by making mistakes and __________ them.
A. correct
B. correcting
C. corrects
D. to correct
3. __________ at the door before entering please.
A. Knocked
B. To knock
C. Knocking
D. Knock
4. ________ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.
A. Having suffered
B. Suffering
C. To suffer
D. Suffered
5. He sent me an-email, __________ to get further information.
A. hoped
B. hoping
C. to hope
D. hope
6. Tony was very unhappy for ________ to the party.
A. having not been invited
B. not having invited
C. having not invited
D. not having been invited
7. Though ________money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A. lacked
B. lacking of
C. lacking
D. lacked in
8. How about the two of us ________a walk down the garden
A. to take
B. take
C. taking
D. to be taking
9. ________is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
A. The walk
B. Walking
C. To walk
D. Walk
10. —I must apologize for ________ahead of time.
—That’s all right.
A. letting you not know
B. not letting you know
C. letting you know not
D. letting not you know
11. Generally speaking, _______ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. when taking
B. when taken
C. when to take
D. when to be taken
12. Friendship is like money: easier made than __________.
A. kept
B. to be kept
C. keeping
D. being kept
13. Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited
B. inviting
C. being invited
D. having invited
14. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ________ whether they will enjoy it.
15. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins
B. having begun
C. beginning
D. begun
16. ________ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s health.
A. Exposed
B. Having exposed
C. Being exposed
D. After being exposed
17. The bell _______ the end of the period rang, _______our heated discussion.
A. indicating; interrupting
B. indicated; interrupting
C. indicating; interrupted
D. indicated; interrupted
18. Mr Reed made up his mind to devoted all he had to _______ some schools for poor children.
A. set up
B. setting up
C. have set up
D. having set up
19. __________ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.
A. Suffered
B. Suffering
C. Having suffered
D. Being suffered
20. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _______ the next year.
A. carry out
B. carrying out
C. carried out
D. to carry out
1-5 A B C A B 6-10 D B C B B 11-15 B A A B D 16-20 C A B B C
高一下学期英语词汇语法练习(会考)
高一第一学期基础语法及词汇复习检测 填空： 1. If a lecture is very ____________ , your mind will be a millio n miles away. 2. We all think being ____________ is a virtue（美德）. 3.1' m afraid we don ' t _____________ the same opinion 4. He does n't ________ much for others. That 'why he does n'thave any frien ds. 5. ---What are you _______ （喜欢）？ ---Pop music. 6. _______ he has tried hard, he won't be able to pass the En glish exam. 7. We are livi ng in the times whe n __________ and cha nces go side by side. 8. My new friend Li Ji ng told me that he _______________________ to （去过）America twice. 9. ---You have agreed to go. Why n ot get things ready? ---Oh, ________________ （我不知道）it was so late. 10. We should ________ （让，使）everybody realize the importanee of environment. 11. The childre n ___________ （激动）whe n they were told they were going for a picnic n ext Sun day. 12. I don 'tcare much for coffee. I ____________ tea. 13. My mother is an actress and she has ____________________ （扮演不同的角色）in TV series. 14. The boy admitted ____________ （break） the an cie nt vase. 15. The sudden storm destroyed the house and 5 people were killed. Fortunately, I_________ （幸 免于难）. 16. China is ____________ very fast day by day. 17. The stude nts ofte n practice __________ En glish among themselves. 18. Japa nese is quite differe nt ____ Chin ese _____ pronun ciati on. 19. They used to be great friends but now they are like stra ngers. How ____ this ______ ? 20. You should work tonight ___________ watching TV . 21. The party ___________ （以 .. 结束）an old folk song. 22. _______ （大量）of people in China are learning English as a second Ianguage. 23. He can be very rude sometimes, but __________ , I still love him. 24. ____________ （不要拘束），Jones, and help yourself to the food you like. 25. I have already had such a stamp, so I _________ （交换）the extra one for a new stamp. 26. The ___________ （大多数）of America ns enjoy traveli ng from place to place. 27. How much does that garage bus in ess ________ （收入，进帐）each mon th? 28. People from the two coun tries have no difficulty __ _ （un dersta nd） each other. 29. We wear dark glasses in order to ____________ our eyes ___________ （保护 ... 使... 免 受... ）the strong sun light. 30. The people were warned not to _________ （靠近）the building that was on fire. 31. The doctor told me to ________________ （多运动）and not to worry. 32. I need a ______________ （单独的）room. I don 'twant to share with others. 33. How much do you ___________ （在 ... 花钱）your clothes each year? 34. Even though she is young, she has ___________________ （丰富的工作经验）. 35. ---When _______ y ou _________ （meet） the man ager? ---3:00 tomorrow after noon. 36. It is wise to let our children _________________ （离开家）and live on their own for a while.
高中英语语法大全
（1）表语从句 1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1) 从属连词that。如： The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 (2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如： He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday. gh能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如： It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。 连接副词 where, when, how, why。 如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 解释： 1．连词because可引导表语从句。如： I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 2．在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。（2）主语从句 1．定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导主语从句的关联词有三类： (1) 从属连词that。如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 (2) 从属连词whether。如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 (3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如： What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。 解释： 1．主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that
高一下学期英语语法总复习
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高一英语重点语法总结与归纳 高一英语时态语法知识点：现在进行时 1.表示现在 (说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。 [例句] He is reading a newspaper now. 2.表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作 (说话时动作不一定正在进行)。 [例句] What are you doing these days? 3.表示说话人现在对主语的行为表示赞叹或厌恶等,常与always, constantly, continually等副词连用。 [例句] He is always thinking of others. 4.表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。常限于go, come, leave, start, arrive等表“移动”“方向”的词。 [例句] He is coming to see me next week. 高一英语时态语法知识点：过去进行时 1.表示过去某时正在进行的动作。 [例句] He was sleeping when Mary came to see him. 2.动词go, come, leave, arrive, start等的过去进行时常表过去将来时。[例句] She said she was going to Beijing the day after tomorrow. 高一英语时态语法知识点：一般现在时 1.表示现在习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态,常与usually, always, sometimes, often, every day / week / month / year等时间状语连用。[例句] He often does his homework in his study.
高中英语语法大全(新版)
英语语法大全 第一部分：词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is, are, have, see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 如：I‘m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名 词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如： He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接 宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾 语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如：He works hard .(他工作努力) 7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如：They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁)/ He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常帮我做功课)/ The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语) ☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。如：Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的同学汤姆在哪里？) 3、构词法：英语构词法主要有：合成法、派生法和转换法。 1、合成法：如：spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。 2、派生法： (1)派生名词：①动词+er/or②动词+ing③动词+(t)ion④形容词+ness⑤其他,如： inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge (2)派生形容词：①名词+y②名词+ful③动词+ing/ed④friendly⑤dangerous⑥ Chinese; Japanese⑦English⑧French⑨German⑩国名+(i)an如：snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, follwing, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious (3)派生副词：①形容词+ly ②其它,如：slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well, possible
高一高二英语语法
高一英语语法 一．直接引语和间接引语 （一）直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。 1．时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said， asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时，等等。例如： Tom said to me，“My brother is doing his homework．” →Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework． 2．人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化：根据意义进行相应的变化，例如： She asked Jack，“Where have you been?” →She asked Jack where he had been． He said，“These books are mine．” →He said that those books were his． （二）直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但
是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。直接引语如果是一般疑问句，用连接词whether 或if；如果是特殊疑问句，则用疑问词引导间接引语。转述的动词一般用asked，可以在其后加上一个间接宾语me，him， her， us等。如： She said，“Is your father at home?” →She asked me if/whether my father was at home．“What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me．→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday． 直接引语如果是祈使句，改为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据原句的语气（即请求或命令）加上ask， tell， order等动词，如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加not。其句型为：ask / tell / order someone （not） to do something．例如：She said to us，“Please sit down．” →She asked us to sit down． He said to him，“Go away！” →He ordered him to go away． He said，“Don’t make so much noise， boys．” →He told the boys not to make so much noise． 二．各种时态的被动语态 被动语态概述
2017高一英语上学期必修1—2语法总结
2017高一英语上学期必修1—2语法总结2017高一英语上学期必修1—2语法总结 直接英语和间接英语 一、句型的变化 （一）如果直接引语是陈述句，间接引语一般是用that来引导。口语中that常可以省略。 ? “I like to lusic,” said P? Peter said that he liked to lu【注意】如果直接引语中出现两个或两个以上的陈述句并列时，第一个that可以省略，后面一个不能省略，以免引起歧义。如： ? The teacher said, “The text is vant. You should learn it by heart.” ? The teacher said (that) the texant and that we should learn it by hea(二) 如果直接引语是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，间接引语常变为由whether/if引导，而且要用陈述句语序。如： ? The boy asked“Can I go to play football wds on Saturday?” ? The boy askedwhether/uld go to play football wds on Saturday. (三) 如果直接引语是特殊问句，间接引语用特殊疑问词引导，而且用陈述句语序。如：
? “How mudo you spendwork?” he asked? He asked me how muIw（四）如果间接引语是表示请求、提议、建议、劝告等意义的问句，要借助其他句型结构来表达。如： ? “Why don’t you come and play football with me?” He asked. ? He advisedlay football w【注意】表示请求、劝告时，通常用“ask/advise/want等 + 宾语 + 动词不 定式”结构。 (五) 如果直接引语是祈使句，间接引语要用不定式的复合结构改，即改为：tell (ask, order, warn, advise等) sb. (not) to do sth. 如： ? “Larefully, please.” the teacher said to us. ? The teacher told us to larefully. 【注意】如果祈使句中出现了please, 在间接引语中必须省略。 (六) 如果直接引语是感叹句，变间接引语时，用what, how或that来引述。如： ? “What a beautiful hou!” he said? He told me what a beautiful house it was. ? He told me that it was a beautiful hou二、时态的变化