2017年考研英语阅读行文结构解析

考研英语阅读是考研英语复习的重要题型，对于阅读的结构的把握能够帮助我们更快地理解文章。下面整理了考研英语阅读的常见行文结构，2017年考生可以全面了解一下。

(一)层层递进型

全文论述从抽象到具体，从简单到复杂，文章开始是对有关主题的一般介绍，然后一步一步将主题具体化。这类文章的各段开始常出现表示递进关系的副词，如in addition to，furthermore，moreover等，文章的主题一般可以通过综合各段首句得出。

(二)一枝独秀型

全文围绕一个核心概念展开，文章围绕着这个概念、中心思想或者现象，从各个方面进行分析和解释说明，最后对文章进行总结，并再一次对该概念、中心思想进行阐述。

(三)花开两朵型

文章开始提出两个核心概念，随后分段论述。把握这种文章的关键是注意这两个核心概念的定义，以及它们的区别和联系。这种结构分为两类，一种是两个概念是并列的，另一种是两个概念形成对比，对于后一种文章要注意两个概念之间的区别，以及作者对各自的态度。

(四)现象——解释型

在现象——解释型的文章中，作者在文章开始给出一个现象，相当于提出一个问题，然后对现象进行解释或分析现象或问题产生的原因，存在的因数以及可能解决方案，作者可能提到几个不同的解决方案，但是之后作者自己认可的那种解决方案才是文章的重点和主题;在文章最后对现象或问题进行总结说明并进一步强调作者支持的那种解决办法。

(五)问题——解决方案型

在这类文章中，作者首先提出一个问题，然后针对这一问题给出解决方案。如果有多个解决方案，作者认可的才是主题。

除了文章结构外，对于报刊杂志体文章时文的一般特点也应有所了解，因为这种文章在考研阅读中占有极大比重。报刊杂志体文章的主要特点有：

1.引人入胜。通常以一个有趣或吸引人的故事或背景开始。

2.抛砖引玉。讲故事或交代背景的目的在于引出主题。所以，时文的主题常出现于首段的最后一句话或第二段的首句。

3.假装客观。作者开始不说出自己的观点，貌似客观地陈述各派观点，最后才表达自己的观点。在确定作者态度的时候，主要根据所举的例子进行判断。如果例子表现一种正面态度，说明作者对这一事物持正评价;反之持负评价。

总之，对于一篇完整的英文说明文或者议论文来说，不论其形式看上去有多么复杂多样，但是套用一句老话：“万变不离其宗”，即文章都遵循了特定的篇章结构模式，在这些模式中采用频率最高的是“现象—解释型”型模式。这种模式的特点即提出问题

(提出说明的事物或者现象)、分析问题(对事物或者现象进行说明)、解决问题(对说明的事物或者现象进行总结)。可见，如果我们熟悉了文章的篇章结构模式特点，对读懂文章和把握主题帮助极大，一般来说，我们阅读文章的目的是为了获取信息。文章体裁不同，其结构特点就会各异。因此，我们获取信息的最有效方法之一就是去学习和了解文章的结构，以便更加准确、快速地定位我们要找的信息。

2017年高考英语七选五阅读

2017年高考英语总动员“七选五”阅读 8.历年探究

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考研英语阅读理解部分翻译

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2017年高考英语全国卷3-答案

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2017年中考英语阅读理解和完形填空最新热点预测12篇

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(完整版)2017年高考英语阅读理解练习题7.

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 A To American visitors, Iceland is a very interesting country, partly because it is different in so many ways from what he or she is used to seeing at home. There are quite a few things that are not done, or that do not exist on the island —quite a few "No's". There is no pollution, for instance. No dogs are permitted in Reykjavik, the capital. There is no television on Thursdays or during the entire month of July, and only three hours of black-and-white TV the rest of the time. There is no hard liquor on Wednesdays and no beer at any time. There are no handguns; only one jail of thirty-five cells in the entire land —an admirable figure, even for a small country of 313,376 people. There is no army, air force or navy. There is no tipping for anything. There are no large stores open on Saturdays or Sundays. Since Iceland is situated just under the Arctic Circle, there is no darkness in summer and no daylight in winter. But thanks to Gulf Stream, the climate is rather mild, with temperatures ranging from 34 degrees Fahrenheit to 52 degrees in July. The rules on television, liquor, and guns are the result of governmental decision. But the absence of pollution is due in great part to the fact that Iceland gets its power from the enormous geyser(间歇泉and the thousands of hot springs that come out of the ground. They provide all the energy needed by the country. In fact, Iceland uses only 3 percent of all its available power. Iceland has been described as a democratic independent country where more fish are caught and more books published per person than anywhere else in the world. The Icelanders have always felt a particular love for literature. They composed their first works in the ninth and tenth centuries AD. These works were poems and tales about the kings, heroes, and heroines of Iceland and Norway. At first the stories were memorized

2017年中考英语阅读理解三大理解方法

2017年中考英语阅读理解三大理解方法一、依据主题句定短文的中心任意一篇文章通常是围绕一个中心展开并且由段落组成的；段落之间有着内在的紧密联系，而表达段落主题的句子叫主题句，通常置于段落的开头，有时在段落末尾和中间；其它的句子是用来说明和阐述主题句的；若把一个个主题句加以整理，你能悟出其中心思想，同时还可以回避、排除个别生词、难句（等困难信号）所带来的干扰，但也有一些文章的中心思想常贯穿在全文中，因而要综观全文，对全文有一个透彻的理解才行。如： My friend Matt and I arrived at the Activity Centre on Friday evening. The accommodation wasn"t wonderful, but we had everything we needed （beds, blankets, food ）， and we were pleased to be out of the city and in the fresh air. On Saturday morning we met the other ten members of our group. Cameron had come along with two friends, Kevin and Simon, while sisters Carole and Lynn had come with Amanda. There were some other members I didn"t know. We had come from different places and none of us knew the area. We knew we were going to spend the weekend outdoors, but none of us was sure exactly how. Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing and then we changed at lunchtime. Matt and I went to the caves （岩洞） first. Climbing out was harder than going in, but after a good deal of pushing, we were out at last. Though we were covered with mud, we were pleased and excited by what we"d done. This passage mainly talks about ______________. A. the writer"s friends at the Activity Center B. the writer"s experience at the Activity Center C. outdoor sports at the Activity Center D. how to go rock-climbing and caving