2008年考研英语完形填空真题解析
2008年考研英语完形填空真题解析
The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway. He is that 2 bird, a scientist who works independently 3 any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not 4 thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested.
5 he, however, might tremble at the
6 of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only
7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in
8 is a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection.
This group generally does well in IQ test, 9 12-15 points above the 10 value of 100, and have contributed 11 to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the 12 of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists, 13 . They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, 14 , have previously been thought unrelated. The former has been 15 to social effects, such as a strong tradition of 16 education. The latter was seen as a (an) 17 of genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately 18 . His argument is that the unusual history of these people has 19 them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this 20 state of affairs.
1. [A] selected[B]prepared[C] obliged[D] pleased
2. [A] unique[B]particular[C] special[D] rare
3. [A] of[B]with[C] in[D] against
4. [A] subsequently[B]presently[C] previously[D] lately
5. [A] Only[B] So[C] Even[D] Hence
6. [A] thought[B]sight[C] cost[D] risk
7. [A] advises[B]suggests[C] protests[D] objects
8. [A] progress[B]fact[C] need[D] question
9. [A] attaining[B]common[C] mean[D] calculating
10. [A] normal[B]common[C] mean[D] total
11. [A] unconsciously[B]disproportionately[C] indefinitely[D] unaccountably
12. [A] missions[B]fortunes[C] interests[D] careers
13. [A] affirm[B]witness[C] observe[D] approve
14. [A] moreover[B]therefore[C] however[D] meanwhile
15. [A] given up[B]got over[C] carried on[D] put down
16. [A] assessing[B]supervising[C] administering[D] valuing
17. [A] development[B]origin[C] consequence[D]instrument
18. [A] linked[B]integrated[C] woven[D] combined
19. [A] limited[B]subjected[C] converted[D] directed
20. [A] paradoxical[B]incompatible[C] inevitable[D] continuous
文章背景
这是一篇介绍个人学术观点的说明文，文章内容主要围绕一部分人是否比另外一部分人聪明这个主题展开。该文原文刊登在2005年6月2日的《经济学人》杂志上，原文的标题是The Evolution of Intelligence(智力的进化)，命题专家对原文进行了一定的简化，但是意思没有发生丝毫的变化。
文章结构
文章采用了总分的叙述方式，文章第一段的前两句话就是文章叙述的主题，全片文章围绕这个主题展开。
第一段：
The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway.(总述)
第二段：
Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about.(分述) 第三段：
This group generally does well in IQ test…
They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic disea ses…
His argument is that the unusual history of these people has 19 them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this 20 state of affairs.(结论)
答案详解
1.【解析】[B] 语义衔接题。本题目选择动词过去分词形式，构成be…to 的结构，在句子中充当谓语。选项A. selected 选择;B. prepared 准备;C. obliged迫使，责成;D. pleased 高兴。前边相邻句子The idea that some people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. "一些人比另一些人聪明，这一观点一直是人们不敢明确提出来的假设之一。" 本题所在句子由But一词引导，在句义上与前一句相反，即"打算或准备说了"，故选B。
2.【解析】[D] 语义衔接/词汇辨析题。本题目选择形容词，在句子中充当定语。选项A. unique 独一无二的;B. particular 特殊的，特别的;C. special 特殊的;D. rare 珍惜的，罕见的，珍贵的。rare birds 意为"稀世珍品，旷世奇才，罕见人(物)"，Gregory Cochran打破常规，准备说了，因此像是"出头鸟"。
3.【解析】[A] 惯用衔接题。independent其后应搭配of，意为"独立于，不依赖于"。还应注意dependent 后面还可搭配on，但意为"依赖于，依靠于"。He is that rare bird, a scientist who works independentlyany institution. "他就是那个稀有之人，是一位不依赖于任何机构的独立的科学家"。
4.【解析】[C] 语义衔接题。本题目选择副词，在句子中充当状语。句子叙述到He helped popularize the idea that some diseases notthought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which ruffled many scientific feathers when it was first suggested. "他普及了这种观点，即某些以前人们认为不是由细菌引起的疾病实际上是传染病，这一观点一经提出就引起了极大争议。" 分析本句结构可以看出：that引导的是同位语从句，说明idea的内容，从句中some diseases not…thought to have a bacterial cause是主语
部分，谓语是were actually infections…，而后面which 引导的非限制定语从句是修饰the idea这个名词的。解本题的关键词是actually "实际上"，隐含转折之意，即过去的看法和实际情况不同。选项A. subsequently 随后;B. presently 当前;C. previously 先前;D. lately近来，最近。为了与本句子中的"actually，实际上"相互呼应，要体现时间上的先后交替关系。因此，正确答案为C。
5.【解析】[C] 逻辑关系/ 语义衔接题。由本句中的however可知，"虽然如此，一想到他即将要做的，他本人也会有点战战兢兢"，even符合逻辑关系，so和hence表示因果关系，与前文所述无内在的逻辑关系。
6.【解析】[A] 语义衔接/固定搭配题。at和四个选项中的名词都可搭配，但意思相去甚远。选项A. at the thought of 一想到……;B. at the sight of 一看到……;C. at the cost of 以……为代价;D. at the risk of 冒……的风险。根据句意，正确答案为A。
7.【解析】[B] 词汇辨析题。本题目选择动词，在句子中充当谓语。选项A. advise 建议;B. suggest 提出;暗示，建议;C. protest 对……提出异议;D. object 反对。Gregory Cochran"不但……，而且解释了出现这种情况的过程"，从本题所在的句意可以看出，B正确。另注意：suggest有两个基本意义，一为"建议"，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气;二为"提出，暗示"，其后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。
8.【解析】[D] 语义衔接/固定搭配题。本题目选择介词短语，在句子中充当定语，修饰前面的the group。选项A. in progress 在……的进程中;B. in fact 事实上;C. in need 在危难(急)中;D. in question 讨论中的; 考虑中的。前句提到人类某些人的平均智商要高一些，词句衔接上一句，由此可知空格处要表达的是"正在被讨论的这个群体"。选项D符合句意。
9.【解析】[B] 词汇辨析/ 惯用搭配题。本题目选择动词，在句子中充当谓语。选项A. attaining 获得(经过长期努力); B. scoring 得分;C. reaching 达到;D. calculating 通过计算得出。句子中的宾语是分数，因此要选择得分。因此，正确答案为B。
10.【解析】[C] 词汇辨析题。本题目选择形容词，在句子中充当定语，修饰后面的名词。scoring 12 15 points above thevalue of 100, "这个群体在智商测试中成绩最好，比100分的……分多得12分到15分。"选项A. normal 正常的;B. common 普通的;共同的;C. mean平均的;D. total 总共的。一般来说，average表示"平均的"较常用，mean表达这个意义时比较正式。100分是个参照值，这个数字是大多数人的基本智商数值。因此，正确答案为C。
11.【解析】[B] 语义衔接题。本题目选择副词，在句子中充当状语。This group generally do well in IQ tests, scoring 12 15 points above the mean value of 100, and have contributedto the intellectual and cultural life of the West, "这个群体在智商测试中成绩很好，比100分的平均分多得12分到15分。这个群体为西方的学术和文化做出的贡献是……"，选项B"不成比例地;不相称地，比例太大(或太小地)"，与题意相符合。选项A. unconsciously 无意识地;C. indefinitely 不确定地;D. unaccountably 不能说明的; 不可理解的。这三项都不符合题意。
12.【解析】[D] 语义衔接题。本题目选择名词，在as 引导的非限制性定语从句中充当主语，意为"正如他们的精英--包括一些世界知名的科学家--从事的职业所证实的"。选项A. missions 使命，任务;B. fortunes 财富，运气;C. interests 利益;兴趣;D. careers 生涯，事业。因此，正确答案为D。
13.【解析】[A] 语义衔接/词义辨析题。本题目选择动词，在非限制性定语从句中充当谓语。选项A. affirm 证实，确定;B. witness 目击，证明;C. observe 观察;遵守;D. approve 赞成，批准。选项B 常用作及物动词;选项C和选项D一般以人作主语。因此，正确答案为A。
14.【解析】[C] 逻辑衔接题。本题目选择逻辑关系词，体现前后两个句子的逻辑关系。They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts,, have previously been thought unrelated. "此外，与多数人相比，他们更容易患一些恶性的遗传病，例如乳腺癌。……人们以前认为这些情况是没有关联的。"选项A. moreover 此外，而且;B. therefore 因此;C. however 然而，但是;D. meanwhile 同时。前后两个句子表现出转折关系。因此，正确答案为C。
15.【解析】[D] 词汇辨析/语义衔接题。本题目选择动词短语，在句子中充当谓语。选项A. be given up to 让与……;B. get over 克服(不与to 连用);C. carry on 继续(不与to 连用);D. be put down to 归因于。选项D. be put down to 归因于，句意为"智商归因于社会影响"，符合句子含义。因此，正确答案为D。
16.【解析】[D] 词汇辨析题。本题目选择动名词形式。选项A. assessing 评估，评价;B. supervising 监督;C. administering 管理，掌管;D. valuing 重视。assessing通常表示"估计"出某物的价值，以更有效地利用它。此句要表达的意思是"高度重视教育"，因此选D项。
17.【解析】[C] 语义衔接题。本题目选择名词，构成as…of的结构。The latter was seen as a of genetic isolation. "后者被视为遗传隔离的……。"选项A. development 发展;B. origin 起源;C. consequence 结果; D. instrument 工具，器皿。此处与第15题形成"对应结构"，前后呼应，"前者归因于社会影响，例如重视教育的优良传统。" "后者被认为是遗传隔离的结果"。因此，正确答案为C。
18.【解析】[A] 词汇辨析题。本题目选择动词，在句子中充当谓语。选项A. linked 两者之间的关联或联系;B. integrated 两者结合为一个整体;C. woven (原形weave;过去式wove) 摇摆;D. combined 两者结合，连接。句子表达的含义为"智力和疾病是紧密相关的"。因此，正确答案为A。integrate隐含"部分是整体不可缺少的"，而intelligence和disease 是两类不同属性的事物;weave通常表示"编入"，意为"相互交织的"。
19.【解析】[B] 语义衔接/固定搭配题。本题目选择动词，在句子中构成固定搭配，充当谓语。His argument is that the unusual history of these people hasthem to unique evolutionary pressures "他的观点是，这些人非同寻常的经历使其更容易遭受独特的进化压力"。选项A. limited to 局限于，限制(只能构成be limited to短语，被限制在……);B. subjected to 使遭受(经受)，屈服(subject…to…使……屈服于……);C. converted to 转变为，改变;D. directed to 指向，导向。选项B符合题意。
20.【解析】[A] 词汇辨析/语义衔接题。His argument is that the unusual history of these people hasthem to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in thisstate of affairs."他的观点是，这些人非同寻常的经历使其更容易遭受独特的进化压力，而这些压力导致了这种似乎矛盾的状况"。本文一方面说，这类人贡献很大;但另一方面他们经受的独特的进化压力使他们更容易患上恶性疾病，看似矛盾，令人困惑，故A项正确。
参考译文
有关某些群体比其他群体更为聪明的观点是一个无人敢于说出来的假想。然而，格雷戈里·科克伦已经准备好将之公之于众。这人世间少见，是一个不隶属于任何机构的独立科学家。正是他推广了这一观点，即某些最初并不认为是细菌性的疾病其实是传染性的，这种观点刚一提出就引起了很大的争论。
然而，即使是他，有时候也为他将要做的事情感到不寒而栗。他与另外两位科学家一起发表了一篇论文，不仅声称一个群体的人比其他人更为聪明，而且还解释了这种现象的形成过程。其所谈论的更加聪明的群体来自于中欧的一个特殊民族。这个过程是自然选择。
这个群体通常在智商测试中表现良好，得分比100分的平均分高出12到15分，并且在西方的知识和文化领域做出了巨大贡献。正如他们中的精英人物(包括几位知名的科学家在内)的一生所证实的那样。他们也更为经常地受到一些诸如乳腺癌等遗传疾病的影响。但是，以前人们并不认为这些事实具有相关性。前者归因于社会影响，例如重视教育的传统。后者则被看作是基因隔离的结果。Cochran 博士认为智商与疾病是密切相关的。他认为这些人群不同寻常的历史使得他们承受了独特的进化压力，从而导致了这种矛盾的状态。
2005-2015年历年考研英语一完形填空真题
The human nose is an underrated tool.Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,1 this is largely because,2 animals,we stand upright.This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air,4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces.In fact5,we are extremely sensitive to smells,6 we do not generally realize it.Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million. Strangely,some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another,9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers.This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose.These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain.However,it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary.This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be.We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's.The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke,which might indicate the danger of fire. 1.[A]although [B]as [C]but [D]while 2.[A]above [B]unlike [C]excluding [D]besides 3.[A]limited [B]committed [C]dedicated [D]confined 4.[A]catching [B]ignoring [C]missing [D]tracking 5.[A]anyway [B]though [C]instead [D]therefore 6.[A]even if [B]if only [C]only if [D]as if 7.[A]distinguishing [B]discovering [C]determining [D]detecting 8.[A]diluted [B]dissolved [C]determining [D]diffused 9.[A]when [B]since [C]for [D]whereas 10.[A]unusual [B]particular [C]unique [D]typical 11.[A]signs [B]stimuli [C]messages [D]impulses 12.[A]at first [B]at all [C]at large [D]at times 13.[A]subjected [B]left [C]drawn [D]exposed 14.[A]ineffective [B]incompetent [C]inefficient [D]insufficient 15.[A]introduce [B]summon [C]trigger [D]create 16.[A]still [B]also [C]otherwise [D]nevertheless 17.[A]sure [B]sick [C]aware [D]tired 18.[A]tolerate [B]repel [C]neglect [D]notice 19.[A]available [B]reliable [C]identifiable [D]suitable 20.[A]similar to [B]such as [C]along with [D]aside from
2015年考研英语(一)深度解析：完型
2015年考研英语（一）深度解析：完型 1. [A] what 【解析】此题考查疑问代词辨析：题干中过去分词短语published from the University of California and Yale University…作后置定语，修饰study，而真正的句子主干是That is 1 a study has 2 .简化后的句子可以让我们清晰地看出第一题要说的是研究study的具体内容是what，不是方式how，也不是原因why，更不是时间when。 2. [B] concluded 【解析】此题考查动词辨析：同第一题一样，根据简化的句子That is what a study has 2 来解题。题目选择的动词是说明study怎样才有了上面what表示的内容。所以此题选择concluded“推断;得出结论”。其他的动词据不符合要求。 3. [D] on 【解析】此题考查介词辨析：根据题干The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1932 unique subjects的要求，所选择的介词能用在conduct“实施;进行”之后，又得和subject 搭配，所以这个题目应该选择on，构成on some subjects“关于某类主题”。 4. [C] compared 【解析】此题考查动词辨析：通过观察题干，我们发现第4题位于which引导的定语从句之内，作从句的谓语动词。Which修饰主句的主语study“研究”，如此补全定语从句就是： The study 4 pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers…所以正确答案选择C。该项研究是对比所选择的两个样本。其他选项都不符合题意。 5. [C] samples 【解析】此题考查名词辨析：The same people were used in both 5 .通过观察题干，我们发现第5题空前的单词是both，表示“两者都…”。而上文中提到两者的只有“unrelated friends”和“unrelated strangers”，即这项研究的两个样本，所以答案选择C. samples“样本”。 6.[A] insignificant 【解析】此题考查形容词辨析和让步关系：题干While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist句首的While引导让步状语从句，同时提示我们逗号后和逗号前的内容形成一定程度上的对立关系，而且作者的表达重点位于逗号之后，1%的数量对于基因研究者来说影响程度很大。那么对于普通人而言这个数据就显得微不足道了。正确答案只能选择A。 7. [C] know 【解析】此题考查动词辨析和转折关系：题干Most people do not even 7 their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who 8 our kin中说“大多数人甚至不他们的第四代表亲，但是尽量选择和亲属人作为朋友”。even“甚至”这一个词就提示我们应该本题只能选择know“了解，认识”，其他选项都不符合题目要求。 8. [D] resemble
考研英语完型填空之答案详解
考研英语完型填空之答 案详解 LG GROUP system office room 【LGA16H-LGYY-LGUA8Q8-LGA162】
摘选自星火图书《考研英语各个击破系列——完形填空三步突破法》 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In 1924 American’ National Research Council sent to engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lignting__1__workers productivity. Instead, the studies ended __2___giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect”, the extremely influential idea that the very___3____to being experimented upon changed subject s’ behavior. The idea arose because of the __4____behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to __5____of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not __6____what was done in the experiment; ___7_someting was changed ,productivity rose. A(n)___8___that they were being experimented upon seemed to be ____9___to alter workers’ behavior ____10____itself. After several decades, the same data were _11__ to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store _12 __the descriptions on record, no systematic _13__ was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting. It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to__ 14__ interpretation of what 15___ , lighting was always changed on a Sunday .When work started again on Monday, output __16___ rose compared with the previous Saturday and__ 17 __to rise for the next couple of 18__ , a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers__ 19__ to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case , before __20 __a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged” Hawthorne effect “ is hard to pin down. 1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted [D] restored 2. [A] at [B]up [C] with [D] off 3. [A]truth [B]sight [C] act [D] proof 4. [A] controversial [B] perplexing [C]mischievous [D] ambiguous 5. [A]requirements [B]explanations [C] accounts [D] assessments 6. [A] conclude [B] matter [C] indicate [D] work 7. [A] as far as [B] for fear that [C] in case that [D] so long as 8. [A] awareness [B] expectation [C] sentiment [D] illusion 9. [A] suitable [B] excessive [C] enough [D] abundant 10. [A] about [B] for [C] on [D] by 11. [A] compared [B]shown [C] subjected [D] conveyed
考研英语完形填空
1986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 On Wednesday afternoons Annie took the bus into town to shop in the market. For an hour or __16__ she would walk up and down between the stalls looking at everything, buying here and there, and __17__ a sharp lookout for the bargains that were sometimes to be had. And then, with all the things she needed __18__ she would leave the market for the streets of the town to spend another hour __19__ she liked best: looking in furniture shop windows. One Wednesday she found a new shop full of the most delightful things, with a notice inviting anyone to walk in and look __20__ without feeling they had to buy something. Annie hesitated for a moment before stepping through the doorway where, almost at once, she stopped __21__ before a green armchair. There was a card on the chair which said: “This fine chair is yours __22__ less than a pound a week,” and very small at the bottom, “Cash price eighty-nine pounds fifty.” A pound a week... __23__, she could almost pay that out of her housekeeping money and never miss it! A voice at her shoulder made her __24__. “Can I help you, Madam?”She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her __25__. “Oh, well, no,” she said. “I was just looking.”“We’ve chairs of all kinds in the showroom. If you’ll just come up, you will find something to suit you.” Annie, worried at the thought of being persuaded to buy something she didn’t need, left the shop hurriedly. 16. [A] so [B] more [C] else [D] another 17. [A] taking [B] making [C] fixing [D] keeping 18. [A] buy [B] bought [C] buying [D] to have bought 19. [A] in a way [B] by the way [C] in the way [D] on the way 20. [A] behind [B] round [C] back [D] on 21. [A] doubted [B] wondered [C] puzzled [D] delighted 22. [A] at [B] for [C] with [D] in 23. [A] Why [B] When [C] How [D] What 24. [A] jump [B] leap [C] laugh [D] wonder 25. [A] place [B] back [ C] side [D] front
历年考研英语完形填空真题
历年考研英语完形填空真题（2005） The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, 1 this is largely because, 2 animals ,we stand upright. This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact 5 , we are extremely sensitive to smells, 6 we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million. Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary. This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire. 1. [A]although [B]as [C]but [D]while 2. [A]above [B]unlike [C]excluding [D]besides 3. [A]limited [B]committed [C]dedicated [D]confined ￥ 4. [A]catching [B]ignoring [C]missing [D]tracking 5. [A]anyway [B]though [C]instead [D]therefore 6. [A]even if [B]if only [C]only if [D]as if 7. [A]distinguishing[B]discovering [C]determining[D]detecting 8. [A]diluted [B]dissolved [C]determining[D]diffused 9. [A]when [B]since [C]for [D]whereas 10. [A]unusual [B]particular [C]unique [D]typical 11. [A]signs [B]stimuli [C]messages [D]impulses （ 12. [A]at first [B]at all [C]at large [D]at times 13. [A]subjected [B]left [C]drawn [D]exposed 14. [A]ineffective [B]incompetent [C]inefficient[D]insufficient 15. [A]introduce [B]summon [C]trigger [D]create 16. [A]still [B]also [C]otherwise [D]nevertheless 17. [A]sure [B]sick [C]aware [D]tired 18. [A]tolerate [B]repel [C]neglect [D]notice 19. [A]availabe [B]reliable[C]identifiable[D]suitable 。 20. [A]similar to[B]such as [C]along with [D]aside from
考研英语完形填空历年常考固定搭配汇总
考研英语完形填空历年常考固定搭配汇总 be absorbed in 专心于 by accident 偶然 account for 说明 on account of 因为，由于take…into account 考虑 be accustomed to 习惯于 add up to 合计，总计 in addition 另外 in addition to 除。。。之外 in advance 提前，预先 take advantage of 利用 ahead of 在。。。前面，先于 in the air 在流行中，在传播中 all but 几乎，差一点，除。。。之外其余都 all over 遍及，到处 all right 行，可以 in all 总共，共计 make allowances for 考虑，顾及，体谅 in alliance with 与。。。联盟leave…alone 听其自然，不要去管 let alone 更不用说 along with 与。。。一起 one after another 一个接一个 one another 互相 apart from 除去 as for 至于，就。。。方面说 as if 好像，仿佛 as though 好像，仿佛 as to 至于，关于 aside from 除。。。之外 ask for 请求，要求 on the average 平均，一般来说 right away 立即，马上 back and forth 来回，往返，来来往往地 back off 放，让步，退却 back up 支持，援助 on the basis of 根据 on behalf of 代表，为了 at the best 充其量，至多 get the best of胜过 make the best of 充分利用 for the better 好转，改善 get the better of 打败，智胜had better 最好还是，应该 on board 在船/车飞机上 be bound to 必定，一定 break away 脱离，逃跑 break down 损坏，分解，瓦解 break in 强行进入，闯入，打断break into 闯入 break out 突发，爆发 break through 突破 break up 终止，结束，打碎catch one’s breath 屏息 out of breath 喘不过气来 in brief 简而言之 bring about 带来，造成 bring down 打倒，挫伤 bring forth 产生，提出 bring forward 提出 bring out 使出现，公布 bring to 使恢复知觉 bring up 教育，培养，使成长build up 积累，树立，逐步建立 in bulk 散装，大批 burn out烧掉 burn up烧完，烧尽 call for 邀请，要求，需要 call forth 唤起，引起
历年考研英语完形填空真题
历年考研英语完形填空 真题 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
历年考研英语完形填空真题（2005） The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, 1 this is largely because, 2 animals ,we stand upright. This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact 5 , we are extremely sensitive to smells, 6 we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million. Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary. This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire. 1. [A]although [B]as [C]but [D]while 2. [A]above [B]unlike [C]excluding [D]besides 3. [A]limited [B]committed [C]dedicated [D]confined 4. [A]catching [B]ignoring [C]missing [D]tracking 5. [A]anyway [B]though [C]instead [D]therefore 6. [A]even if [B]if only [C]only if [D]as if 7. [A]distinguishing[B]discovering [C]determining[D]detecting 8. [A]diluted [B]dissolved [C]determining[D]diffused 9. [A]when [B]since [C]for [D]whereas 10. [A]unusual [B]particular [C]unique [D]typical 11. [A]signs [B]stimuli [C]messages [D]impulses 12. [A]at first [B]at all [C]at large [D]at times 13. [A]subjected [B]left [C]drawn [D]exposed 14. [A]ineffective [B]incompetent [C]inefficient[D]insufficient 15. [A]introduce [B]summon [C]trigger [D]create 16. [A]still [B]also [C]otherwise [D]nevertheless 17. [A]sure [B]sick [C]aware [D]tired 18. [A]tolerate [B]repel [C]neglect [D]notice 19. [A]availabe [B]reliable[C]identifiable[D]suitable 20. [A]similar to[B]such as [C]along with [D]aside from
2017考研英语一八套卷完形填空公开课讲义
一. 完形填空整体介绍： 1.完形填空历年考察的效率（表格）。 2.完形填空解题核心和复习思路。 ---- 以主旨为导向，以逻辑为准绳，段落为战场，以选项分析为武器。 ---- 阅读是做题的基础，逻辑是判断的依据，切勿看一空做一空，需瞻前顾后。3.完形填空的发展方向。 以考察文章发展脉络和理解为主，同时考察核心词的运用，同义词辨析越来越少。 二. 八套卷完型样题讲解及思路展示 以第四套及第七套文章为纲展示核心考点： 1. 第四套文章行文模式：英语一重点形式 完型填空常见行文模式： 1). 现象描述+现象说明（正反）（09，16） 2). 实验研究的设想/结果+实验过程及分析+总结/意义(08, 09,10,11,13,15) 3).提出问题+分析问题+解决方案及建议（06,12,14） 2. 涉及解题技巧及考点： 逻辑一致 核心成分分析+选项分析 同义选项 同形选项
（第一段）Ellie is a psychologist, and a damned good one at that. Smile in a certain way, and she knows 1what your smile means. 2 a nervous tic or tension in an eye, and she instantly 3 on it. She listens to what you say, 4 every word, works out the meaning of your 5 , your tone, your posture, everything. She is at the 6 of her game but, according to a new study, her greatest 7 is that she is not human. 1. A. precisely B. delicately C. accurately D. particularly 2. A. Reveal B. Develop C. Burst D. Deliver 3. A. stays up B. picks up C. checks up D. holds up 4. A. disposes B. resolves C. processes D. executes 6. A. cross B. termination C. topD. milestone 7. A. asset B. capital C. resource D. property 5. A. vibration B. pause C. omission D. pitch 同义词原则： 第五套：In 2014，eight 2 ten women prisoners were 3 for non-violent 4 , compared with seven in ten male prisoners. 3. A. jailedB. captivated C. charged D. accused 4. A. offences B. attacks C. behaviours D. responses 四个同义词： 第五套：Another 13 is that female prisoners are trickier to manage because they are more likely to
考研英语完形填空刷题方法
考研英语完形填空刷题 方法 集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）
完形填空刷题方法时间转瞬即逝，我们的暑期备考已近进行了一半，你的复习怎么样了，今天为大家分享2018考研英语完型突破实用方法，一起来看看。 完形填空是英语题型中得分率不高的一个题型，但总体分值也不多，该怎么安排这部分的复习呢?下面来谈谈这个问题： 一、如何复习完形填空?什么时候开始准备? 完形填空是考研比较难的一部分，从历年的平均分可看出，每年平均分都在5分左右，低于及格分。又由于完形填空所占分值不高，许多同学都选择避开，复习阅读时顺带复习完形，或者干脆不管，考试时“蒙一水”。这种做法有一定道理，毕竟完型较难，分值不多，就算投入大量时间和精力也不一定能保证多几分。但是，就算如此，完型也不能甩手不管，需要投入一定时间去准备，另外就是了解一些完形填空出题规律以及做题的技巧和方法，争取达到及格分以上。 复习完形建议以真题为参考，立足真题。把完形出现的固定搭配、固定词组整理出来，在你开始接触真题时就该复习完型。一般在9月后开始系统准备、做题为宜。 二、完形填空有没有做题技巧? 完形填空做题技巧历来都是备受同学青睐。对于这种提分不容易，分值比例又较低的部分同学们都倾向于用“技巧”解题。在此要提醒同学们，任何技巧都是建立在基础上的，技巧不能决定成败，但可起到锦上添花作用。同时，下面给大家分享一些技巧： A、完形填空的第一句话作为文章的开篇，告诉我们文章的主题，下面的内容都是围绕它展开，因此第一句都是完整的，我们也要紧抓第一句话，自己所做的选择都应与第一句的意思相一致。另外注意完形填空选的是最佳答案，而不是正确答案 B、学会利用红花绿叶原则做题。完形词汇分为红花词和绿叶词。红花词就是每次出现在真题里都会选;绿叶词就是屡次出现屡次不选。比如说however、although、yet、because等属于红花词。Since、nowthat、what、if only、in case等都属于绿叶词。根据往年经验，利用红花绿叶原则做题能做对2-5题，但同时也有失手可能，失手也是有原因的，因为和后面提到的原则矛盾了。 C、同义原则：在四个选项中，当两个或三个实词互为同义词时，答案往往在其中。当两个或三个虚词互为同义词时，往往都不选。当四个
考研英语完形填空真题答案解析
2006年考研英语完形填空真题答案解析 1.A逻辑关系题(总分关系) 根据要填的空所在语句的前一句“无家可归者在美国人口中所占比例越来越大”与后一句“无家可归者所占的比例已经达到如此地步以至于…”，并不难发现后一句是对前一句的一个例证和强调。ABCD四个选项中，A.Indeed的确，一般表示强调;B.Likewise类似地，表示前后两句的相似性;C.Therefore因此，是一个因果连词，强调结果;而D.Furthermore进一步说，表示递进关系。因此，只有A选项符合前后两句间的例证强调关系，故为正确答案。 2.B词义辨析题(动词辨析) 考察动词的辨析，首先要找到空所在那句话的主干，即“homelessnesshasreachedsuchproportionsthatlocalgovernmentcan’tpossibly__”，该句给出了动作的发出者(主语)，即localgovernment，那么只要判断出该主语可以发出选项中的哪个动作，问题就迎刃而解了;此外，空后没有其他成分，即宾语，因此，填入的动词应为不及物动词。ABCD四个选项中，A.stand，忍受，及物动词，不符合句子结构;B.cope，处理，忍受，不及物动词，放在原句中表达完整意思，“…已达到政府无法忍受的地步”，为正确选项;C.approve，批准，通常“批准”的是文件，与原句语言环境不符;而D.retain，保留，与无家可归人的数量搭配在一起不合适。因此，正确答案为B.cope。 3.D固定搭配题(介词辨析) 选项中的四个介词都可以与help搭配，分别构成：A.helpsb.indoingsth.帮助某人做某事;B.helpsb.for为…而帮助某人;C.helpsb.withsth.帮助某人处理某事;D.helpsb.toward…帮助某人向(某个方向发展)。结合语境具体信息，“Tohelphomelesspeople__independence,thefederalgovernmentmust…”，“为帮助无家可归人__独立，联邦政府必须支持就业培训计划…”，D选项toward最符合题意，故为正确答案。 4.A词义辨析+逻辑关系题(动词辨析+并列关系) 通过并列连词and及三个结构相似的短语：“supportjobtrainingprograms”，“__theminimumwage”和“fundmorelow-costhousing”可以判断出这道题考查的是短语之间的并列关系，通过并列关系一致性的原则从所给短语中寻找线索就可以解答这道题。第三个短语中出现了more，说明要填的动词一定表示数量上的增加或提高，C(take，拿走)和D(keep，保持)排除;而B选项add通常用在addsth.tosth.(将某物加到另一物上面)中，并非数量的增加。因此，正确答案为A选项，“提高最低收入”。 5.D词义辨析题(副词辨析) 选项中出现表示否定意味的词语，且该空位于段首，无法通过上文获取提示信息，因此应先解答6、7等题，才能获取有效信息。第6题所在语句意为：估计数字在60万到300万这个范围内变化;第7题所在语句意为：尽管数字可能不同，分析师们在另一问题上达成了一致意见。由此可见，对于无家可归者数量的问题众说纷纭，因此，并非每个人都同意美国无家可归者的数量。正确答案为D.not。 6.C词义辨析题(动词辨析) “Estimates__anywherefrom60,000to3million.”，该句中的anywherefrom…to…决定所填动词表示一个范围的变化，并可与from…to…搭配。A.cover，覆盖，不能与from…to搭配;B.change，变化，改变，changefrom…to…，表示没有规律的变化;C.range，在某个范围内变化，符合原句;D.differ，不同于…，常与from连用，构成differfrom…，不同于…，不符合题意。因此，正确答案为C.range。