2018年中考英语专题复习:冠词

2018年中考英语专题复习:冠词
2018年中考英语专题复习:冠词

中考英语专项复习——冠词

【冠词命题】

考查重点为:

1.不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词的使用情况;

2.不定冠词a和an的使用情况。

解题关键:熟记各种冠词的适用范围!

【考点诠释】

一、不定冠词a和an

1.不定冠词一般只用于“单数可数名词”之前

1)“a”用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;

~

2)“an”用于以元音音素开头的单词前。[a]、[e]、[i]、[o]、[u]

A a an ancient story/an apple/an artist/an aunt/an Asian

country/an American girl

E e an exciting job/a European country/an egg/an

8-year-old boy/an 11-year-old boy/an E-mail address

I i an idea/an interesting story

O o&

an orange/an old man/an outgoing girl/an Olympic star

U u a “u”/a useful book/a university student/a UFO/a

usual farmer/an umbrella/an ugly man/an uncle/an

unusual story/an unhappy day

特别记不规则:an honest boy/an hour

以元音音素开头的字母:an“a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x”

There is “

A.a

B. an D. /

【点拨】

第一步分析语境:单词“summer”中有“s”。可知,这里要表达单词“summer”中有一个“s”,故排除表特指的定冠词the和零冠词;

第二步:空格后的“s”是以元音音素开头的字母,故选不定冠词an,选B。

3)不定冠词的基本用法

(1)用于第一次提到的人或事物的名称前。

eg: I saw a boy over there. He was sleeping. 我在那边看到一个男孩。他正在睡觉。

(2)用来指一类人或事物中的任何一个,相当于any。

eg: I want to buy an English book. 我想买本英语书。

(3)表示数量,相当于one或each。eg: I have a mouth and a nose. 我有一个嘴巴和一个鼻子。

(4)指某人或某物,但不具体指明哪个人或物。

eg: A man is waiting for you at the gate. 有个人在门口等你。

(5)·

(6)表示类别,泛指一类人或物。

eg: A horse is much bigger than a rabbit. 马比兔子大得多。

(7)表示“每一”的意思,相当于every。

eg: once a week 一周一次

200 kilometers an hour 每小时200公里

(8)用在such,quite,rather,half,what等词之后。

eg: such a busy day 如此忙碌的一天

half an hour 半小时

4)不定冠词的固定搭配

a few 一些;少数 a bit/little 一点儿 a lot of 许多;大量

)

a piece of 一片;一块;一张;一条have a cold 患感冒

have a meal 吃顿饭have a rest 休息下have a walk 散步

have a try 试一试after a while 一段时间以后

take a seat 坐下keep a diary 写日记ride a bike 骑自行车

have a good time 玩的开心in a word 总而言之

do sb. a favor/give sb. a hand 帮助某人

二、定冠词the

1.定冠词的基本用法

(1)上文已经提到的人或事物前,表特指。

eg: I saw a film last night. The film was very interesting.

!

昨晚我看了一部电影。那部电影非常有趣。

(2)谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物前。

eg: The bag on the desk isn’t mine. 桌子上的那个包不是我的。

(3)世界上独一无二的事物前。

eg: The sun is far away from the earth. 太阳离地球很远。

(4)序数词、形容词的最高级前。

eg: This mooncake is the nicest of all. 这块月饼是所有月饼中最好吃的。(5)单数可数名词前,表示一类人或物。

eg: The dog is the friend of human. 狗狗是人类的好朋友。

(6)姓氏复数前,表示“一家人”或“夫妇”。

eg: The Greens are watching TV in the living room. 格林夫妇正在客厅看电视。(7)形容词前,表示一类人或事物。

eg: The new is to take the place of the old. 新事物将会替代旧事物。

(8)西洋乐器名称前。

eg: Can you play the guitar 你会弹吉他吗

(9)用于江河海洋等专有名词前。

eg: He lives by the Changjiang River. 他住在长江边上。

(10)用于“the+比较级,the+比较级”的句式中。

eg: The longer you stay, the better it will be. 你待的时间越长就越好。

2.定冠词的固定搭配

in the sky 在天空中in the end 最终in the open air 在户外

in the world 在世界上in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上

in the middle of 在...的中间at the same time 同时

at the beginning of 在...的开始at the end of 在...的末尾

all the time 一直all(the)year around 一年到头

三、零冠词(不加冠词)

1.零冠词的基本用法

(1)在一日三餐、球类运动、语言、学科、棋类、游戏名词前。

如:have supper 吃晚饭play basketball 打篮球

learn English 学英语play chess 下国际象棋

(2)(

(3)在与by连用的交通工具名称前。

如:by train 坐火车by bus 坐公交车

(4)人名、地名、街道名、城市名、洲、省、机场以及大多数大学、

公园、节日等专有名词前。如:

Beijing Street 北京大街Baiyun Airport 白云机场

Teachers’ day 教师节

(5)季节、月份、星期前。如:

summer 夏天January 一月Sunday 星期天

(6)名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、或名词

所有格修饰时。如:

this book 这本书my son 我的儿子

Jack’s bike 杰克的自行车

2.零冠词的常见搭配

at home 在家at first/last 首先/最后at present 目前

at night 在夜里in case 万一in fact 事实上

in time 及时in danger 在危险中on earth 究竟

on foot 步行day and night 日日夜夜

hand in hand 手拉手

真题再现

( )1、(2016?绵阳)Jason likes ______ shape of the cake.It is ______ heart.'

A.the;a B.a;the C.the;the D.a;a

( )2、(2016?黑龙江)-Who is ______ girl behind the tree-Which oneThe one with ______ umbrella A.a;the B.the;an C.the;a

( )3、(2016?雅安)Beijing is capital of China.

A.a B.an C.the D./

( )4、(2016?淮安)Jack often plays _____ piano and he wants to be a pianist when he grows up.A.a B.an C./ D.the

( )5、(2016?齐齐哈尔)-What's matter with you-I have fever.

A.an,the B.the,/ C.the,a

( )6、(2016?黄石)-What did you do last night,Bob

/

-First I did my hom ework,and then I played ______ piano for half ______ hour.

A.the;a B./;an C.the;an D.a;the

( )7、(2016?连云港)-Dong Guijun is _____ first man of Lianyungang to reach the top of Mount Qomolangma.-He is _____ pride of us.

A.the;/ B.a;the C.the;the D.a;/

( )8、(2016?荆门)---Do you know____girl with long curly hair

---Yes.She is Mary.She plays____piano very well.

A.a;/ B.the;/ C.the;the D.a;the

( )9、(2016?滨州)In Chinese,date 5-20has a similar pronunciation to"I love you",making it ______lucky and romantic day.

A.a;the B./;a C.the;a D.a;/

( )10、(2016?海南)-Excuse me.Where is ________ school library-This way,please.A.%

B.B.the C.a

( )11、(2016?河南)---Kate,are you ________ only child in your family

---Yes,but new baby is on the way.

A.a;the B.an;the C.the;a D.the;the

( )12、(2016?宿迁)---Have you read a book called"The Merchant of Venice"

---Yes._______ book is very interesting.

A.An B.A C.The D./

( )13、(2016?威海)---Would you please turn off___TV--OK,just a moment.

A.a B.an C.the

( )14、(2016?泰州)When leaders of Chinese mainland(大陆)and Taiwan met in Singapore for_____first time since 1949,President Xi said,"Today will be remembered in______history."

A.the;the B.the;/ C./;/ D./;the

( )15、(2016?株洲)She went to a European university to study art._______university is really amazing.

A.An B.The C.A

( )16、(2016?桂林)David plays football but he doesn't play piano A.\,the B.the,\ C.a,the

( )17、(2016?郴州)-When is Father's Day in the United States-It's on ___________third Sunday in June.

A.a B.the C./

( )18、(2016?安顺)---Do you know ________woman in red

---Yes,she is a professor of ______ Anshun College.

A.the;/ B.a;/ C.the;an D.the;the

( )19、(2016?黔南州)---Mary,who's_____woman over there-She's my aunt,____English teacher.A.the;the B.a;the C.a;an D.the;an

( )20、(2016?黔东南州)Jim has____useful book.____book is very interesting.

A.the;A B.an;A C.a;The D.an;The

( )21、(2016?河北)I have _______ pet cat.It is so cute.

A.a B.an C.the D.不填

( )22、(2016?天津)Tianjin is beautiful city in north of China.A.a;a B.a;the C.the;不填D.不填;the

( )23、(2016?恩施州)The young man from European country has stayed in the room for hour.

A.a;an B.an;a C.an;an

:

( )24、(2016?济南)-What's your dream job,Lucy-I want to be doctor.A.a B.an C.the D./

( )25、(2016?菏泽)--Did you have good time yesterday

--Yeah,I really had fun at the party!

A.a;/ B.a;the C./;the

( )26、(2016?呼和浩特)---What can I do for you,sir

---I want_____iPhone 6S plus for my wife as_____useful gift.

A.an;a B.a,an C.an;the D.a;a

( )27、(2016?绥化)"Running Man"is very popular TV program in China.A./ B.a C.the

( )28、(2016?孝感)The family will have ________ good time in Shanghai Disneyland.A.a B.an C.the D.\

( )29、(2016?孝感)The family will have ________ good time in Shanghai Disneyland.A.a B.an C.the D.\

( )30、(2016?泉州)-Is that apple tree -Yes.My father planted it in 2008.

A.a B.an C.the ( )31、(2016?成都)To be______good dancer,you need to learn more.

A.the B.a C.an

( )32、(2016?青岛)David is ______ eight-year-old boy with short black hair.

A./ B.a C.an D.the

.

( )33、(2016?济宁)_____ apple a day keeps the doctor away.

A.A B.An C.The D./

( )34、(2016?苏州)Edward and William are brothers.There is uncommon similarity between ________two boys.

A.an;不填B.an;the C.a;不填D.a;the

( )35、(2016?福州)-What do you usually have for breakfast

-Some bread,________ egg and a glass of milk.

A.a B.an C.the

( )36、(2016?上海)The teenagers had good time in the summer camp in their sister school.A.a B.an C.the D./

( )37、(2016?怀化)-Does your mother go to work by bike every day

-No.She sometimes takes bus.

A.a B.an C./

( )38、(2016?长春)We will have ________ reading festival this term,and we can't wait for it.A.a B.an C.the D./

( )39、(2016?兰州)Cheer up!You will get________A in the listening test.

A.a B.the C.an D./

( )40、(2016?大庆)We played for hour in the park.It was great fun!

A.a;a B.an;/ C.a;/ D./;a

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