牛津译林版九年级上册 9A Unit 1-8 语法和知识点
译林版牛津英语9A Unit 1-8语法和知识点总结
9A U1 语法和知识点复习
语法:
1.and 表示并列关系，用于肯定句中。I like apples and bananas.
2.or表示选择关系, you can stay at home or go out.
or 在否定句中也表示并列关系。I don?t like apples or bananas.
3.but 表示转折关系。He is very young ,but he knows a lot.
4.so表示因果关系。He got up late ,so he was late for school.
5. both …and…连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
例如：both Lucy and Lily (study) hard
6. neither…nor….和either … or…和not only…but also连接两个主语时，谓语动词要和最近的主语保持一致（就近原则）例如：neither my parents nor she （know)it
知识点：
1.Look at the sign, it “No smoking”. A.speaks B. says C. writes
背诵：在英语中，报纸，杂志，广告等上面“写着”常用动词say，且多用一般现在时态。、
2.make做“使，让”的三种用法：a. make sb +形容词b. make sb +动词原形。c. be made to do sth.
例如：it makes them (feel) good to share things with others.
3. Let 做“使，让”时句型：let sb do sth.
4.同意某人的意见=agree with sb
5. 吃光= eat up
6. 使…保持井然有序= keep ….in good order
7.炫耀= show off 8.足够…可以做某事=形容词+enough to do sth
9. 想出注意=come up with 10. 对… 很好奇= be curious about…
11. 容易生气= get angry easily
12. .it is kind you to help me it is terrible me to work without speaking all day long
背诵：It is +形容词+for/of sb to do sth 如果形容词是说明人的品质的，用of;如果形容词是说明事情的用for.
13.背诵：H e doesn?t like to ta lk much, but his work shouts. =他不喜欢讲太多，但是他的作品极具说服力。
14. I am always searching for something different. 我总是在寻找一些不同的东西
15.放弃=give up 用法： a. give up doing sth b. give it up
16. 领先= take the lead 17.落后= fall behind
18. 准备做某事= be ready to do sth 19. 接受新的挑战= take on new challenges
20. 失之毫厘谬以千里= a miss is as good as a mile
21. 我们不能承担任何错误= we can?t afford to make any mistakes
22. 注意做某事= pay attention to +doing
23.高水准的工作= work to high standards
24.作为医生，你越仔细越好= as a doctor, you can?t too careful. can?t … too =…越…越…
25.乐意做某事= be willing to do sth
26. 为某人做手术= do operations on sb
27. 把时间都贡献在做某事上=devote +时间to +doing sth
28. 擅长做某事= be good at doing sth=do well in doing sth
29. 下棋= play chess 30.适合= be suitable for
31. 据说= it is said that… 32. 在某些方面= in some ways
33. 害怕做某事=be afraid of doing sth 34.做演讲= make a speech
35.某人花费时间做某事= sb spend +sometime +(in )doing sth = sb spend +sometime+on sth
36.尽某人最大努力做某事= try one?s best to do sth
37. 上学缺席= be absent from school
38. 推荐某人担任…职务= recommend … as +职务
39. 做某事最合适的人选= the most suitable person to do sth
40. 他帮助其他的学生= he helps other students
9A U2 语法和知识点复习
语法：宾语从句
1. 宾语从句常放在动词后面。
2.宾语从句的连接词有三类： a . that b. if / whether c. 特殊疑问词。
3. 宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序，即：主语+谓语+其它
4. 宾语从句的时态：宾语从句的时态和主句的时态有关，如果主句的时态是现在时态，那么宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。如果主句的时态是过去时态，那么宾语从句的时态也要用过去的某种形式。注意：如果从句是客观真理，那就用一般现在时态。
知识点：
1. “穿”的几种表达：a. be dressed in /wear/be in...表状态。b.put on 表"穿"的动作c. dress sb= " 给某人穿衣”
2. 女孩的颜色= a girl's colour
3.某物没有什么大碍=there's nothing wrong with sth.
4.某物穿在某人身上好看= sth looks good on sb
5.某人穿某物好看=sb looks good in sth
6. 你知道彩虹有多少种颜色吗?=do you know how many colours there are in a rainbow?
7.你最喜欢的颜色是哪一个?=which is your favourite colour?
8. what colour...= how about...后都跟动词的现在分词形式。例如：what about (go) swimming?
9.感到瞌睡/放松/有压力=feel sleepy/relaxed/stressed
10. 给身心带来和平=bring peace to mind and body
11. 代表忧伤/快乐= represent sadness/joy
12. 在婚礼当天= on their wedding day
13. prefer的几点用法：
a.prefer doing sth to doing sth = 喜欢做什么胜过做什么
b. prefer to do sth rather than do sth = 比较喜欢做什么胜过做什么
c. would rather do sth than do sth = 宁愿做什么也不愿做什么
14. 让某人振作起来= cheer sb up
15.remind 的两点用法： a. 提醒某人想起某事= remind sb of sth b. 提醒某人去做某事= remind sb to do sth
16. 希望成功= hope for success
17. succeed(v.)--success(n.)--successful(adj.) ---successfully(adv.)
18.成功做某事= succeed in doing sth = be successful in doing sth
19.妒忌的，眼红的= green with envy
20. 对...有帮助= be of help to sb = be helpful to sb
21.动词放句首做主语时，常变成动名词，而且谓语动词常用单数。
例如：(wear) red (make) it easier to take action
22. 采取行动做某事= take action to do sth
23.做某事有困难= have difficulty (in) doing sth = have problems with sth= have trouble ( in ) doing sth
24. 决定做某事= decide to do sth = make a decision to do sth
25. 取决于= depend on
26. 由...制成... a. be made of ...(能看出原材料） b. be made from...(不能看出原材料）
27. instead与instead of : A:instead 常放句子开头或结尾。B:instead of 常放中间，后跟动名词。
28. 答应做某事= promise to do sth 29. 取回，拿回= get... back
30. 镇静= calm down 31. 感到一点点压力= feel a little bit stressed 32. 红白搭配很好= red and white are a good match 33 试穿= try on (记住，代词要放中间）。
34. such as 与for example的区别：
（1）for example作“例如”讲时，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中。for example后接完整的句子。（2）such as也作“例如”讲，用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。such as 后只能接名词或名词性短语。
9A U3语法和知识点复习
1. 宾语从句的引导词/连接词;
A. 宾语从句为陈述句连词用that:
B.宾语从句为一般疑问句连词用if或whether;
C宾语从句为特殊疑问句连词用特殊疑问词
2.宾语从句的语序:用陈述语序.
3.时态详解
A.主现从需：主句是现在的时态（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态根据实际情况需要而定。例：I know she lives here. I know she lived here ten years ago.
B.主过从过：主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），从句的时态一定要用过去的时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。例：I knew who lived here.
C.客观真理或规律，从句一般现在时。例：Our teacher told us that the earth ________ (move) round the sun.
4.改写宾语从句：
A.确定连接词(根据从句的句式)
B.确定从句语序(把从句变成陈述句)
C.确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)
D.确定从句的人称（根据句意）
表示建议的句子：
Why not do …? =Why don?t you do…?
What / How about doing…?
Let?s do…
Shall we do…?
Perhaps you should do…
It’s a good idea to do…
1. get fat =变胖
2. too much+后加不可数名词too many+后加可数名词复数much too+后加形容词和副词
3.what's the matter?= what is wrong?=怎么了？+with sb
4. 提建议的句型：
a. why not+v...=why don't you +v...?
b.what about+doing sth=how about +doing sth?
c. you had better (not ) +do sth
5. 少吃多锻炼= eat less and exercise more
6. enough "足够的”与名词连用，enough books。
与形容词连用放其后，good enough。
结构：形容词+enough to do sth= 足够怎么样可以做...
7. 有足够时间做某事=have enough time to do sth
8. 让某人发疯= drive sb mad
9. （电视）开着=be on
10.感到孤独/瞌睡= feel lonely/sleepy
11. 他们没有时间陪我= they don't have time for me
12.处理=deal with= do with,
deal with 常与how连用，do with 常与what 连用
13. 除此做某事，别无选择=have no choice but to do
14. 发现做某事....样= find it +形容词+to do sth
15.熬夜熬到很晚=stay up late
16.保持清醒= stay awake 按时= on time
17. 想象做某事= imagine doing sth
18. 按时完成所有的的家庭作业很重要
= it is important to finish all the homework on time.
19.我几乎没有任何空闲时间从事我的爱好
= I hardly have any spare time for my hobbies.
20. 某人花费多长时间做某事
= sb spend +sometime on sth
= sb spend sometime in doing sth
21. 值得做某事=be worth doing sth
22. 梦想做某事= dream of doing sth
23. so that... =以至于....其后的句子常含有情态动词。
例如：I dream of a long holiday so that I could have more time for my hobbies.
24. 给某人提供某物=offer sb sth=offer sth to sb
25.建议（名词）：
a. advice 是不可数名词，没有复数。
b. suggestion 是可数名词，复数为suggestions
26.hope的两点用法：
a. hope that +从句
b.hope to do sth
27. 收到某人的来信=hear from sb
28. 对... 痴迷= be crazy about...
29. 我对足球的喜爱= my love of football
30. 担心某人= worry about sb = be worried about sb
31. 陷入麻烦= get into trouble
32. 允许某人做某事= allow sb to do sth
33.对某人严格=be strict with sb
对某事严格=be strict in sth
34. 在外面待到很晚=stay out late
35. 期望做某事=look forward to doing
36.没有取得进步=make little progress
37.复习=go over. .
38. 尽可能经常= as often as possible= as often as sb can.
39. 大声读英语= read English aloud
40. 尽量做某事= try to do sth
41. 对thank you的回答：
a. you're welcome
b. not at all
c. that's all right
d. it 's a pleasure
e. my pleasure.
42. 注意= pay attention to +doing sth
43. 和某人分享某物= share sth with sb
44. 许多我们同龄的学生都有这个问题
= many students of our age have this problem
9A U4语法和知识点复习
语法：时间状语从句
before /after / when /while/ since /till /until/ as soon as /whenever
用法：
1.before /after/ when/while既可以做连词，后跟句子，又可以做介词，后跟动名词。
例如:We should wash hands before having dinner.
2. when和while 的区别：while后只能跟延续性动词。When后既可以跟延续的又可以跟短暂的。
例如：I was washing when the bell rang.
3. till 与until的区别：a .与not连用时只能用until.
b. until 可以放在句首也可以放在句子中间，till只放在句子中间
4.since自从…以来,主句常用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。例如：He has lived here since I met him. 注意：在时间状语从句中，时态必须保持一致。通常是：主句用过去，从句用过去。主句用现在，从句用现在。
主句用将来，从句用现在。
知识点：
1. 挂在心上=on one?s mind
2. 成长= grow up
3.喊醒某人= . wake sb up
4. 大量信息= a great deal of information
5. 参加…的选拔= try out for
6. 拒绝做某事= refuse to do sth
7. 失去信心= lose heart 8.从那时起= From then on
9. because of +doing sth = 因为….10.练习做某事= practise doing sth.
11. 让某人做某事= get sb to do sth 12. 让某人惊讶的是= to one?s surprise 13. 他有一颗充满爱的心= he has a heart full of love 14. 继续去某事= go on to do sth
15. 多于= more than = over 16.被命名=be named
17.邀请某人做某事=invite sb to do sth 18.决定做某事=decide to do sth=make a decision to do sth
19.导致=lead to
20.结果=as a result
21. 被迫做某事= be forced to do sth
22. 注意= take notice of
23. 他最骄傲的那一刻是在1998年= his proudest moment came in 1998.
24.通过努力，他证明身高体重都不重要，只要你从不放弃，你就能做任何事情= Through hard work ,he proved that size and body type doesn?t matter- --you can do almost anything if you never give up.
25.为生命安全担忧=in fear of one?s life
26.改变某人的主意=change one?s mind
27.爆发=break out
抛锚，精神崩溃=break down
闯入= break into
中断=break off
分开，裂开=break up
28.令某人吃惊的是=to one?s surprise
29.远离=get away from
30.躲藏起来= go into hiding
31. die of =死于(内因)；die from =死于（外因)
32. 在某人多少岁时= in +one?s +年龄的复数
33. 乐意做某事= be ready to do sth = be willing to do sth
34. 关心= care for
35. 需要中= in need
36. 足够做某事= be enough to do sth
9A U5语法和知识点复习
语法：原因状语从句（在复合句中表示主句动作发生的原因）
Because “因为”，引导原因状语从句，表示动作发生的直接原因，语气很强，常用来回答why 引导的疑问句。汉语里我们习惯说“因为……所以……”，但英语中不能将because 与so 连用。
如：I didn?t go to school yesterday because I was ill. I was ill, so I didn?t go to school.
Since 与as“既然；由于；因为，”也可引导原因状语从句，和because相比语气稍弱。表示已知的、显然的理由，多位于句首。如：Since/As it is raining, you …d better take a taxi.
知识点：
1.Something pleasant“令人愉快的事” 形容词修饰不定代词放于不定代词后
pleasant-adj.令人愉快的（修饰事物）；pleased-adj.满意的，愉快的（修饰人）；pleasure-n.愉快，高兴，乐事
please-v.使……愉快
[考点点拨]: a pleasant trip 一次令人愉快的旅行
pleased (adj.)高兴的，愉快的；be pleased to do sth．乐意做某事；be pleased with sth对某事／物感到满意。
如：The teacher was pleased with the students' performance.
pleasure (n.)令人高兴的事情，乐事；乐趣；with pleasure愉快地，乐意地。如：I did the work with pleasure.
2.What art form do you like?你喜欢什么艺术形式？
3.What kind of music do you like best?你喜欢什么类型的音乐？
4. prefer A to B 与B 比起更喜欢A
prefer doing A to doing B 与做B比起更喜欢做A
prefer to do A rather than do B更喜欢做A,而不愿做B
5.present sb with sth. =present sth to sb给某人颁发某物sth be presented to sb某物被颁发给某人
6. Show an interest in……=be interested in……对……感兴趣
7.go on doing sth 继续做某事go on to do sth 接下来做另一件事
8. be known /famous for 因……而著名
9. win an Oscar/ awar d for…… 因……获奥斯卡奖/奖
10.Music (n. 音乐）musical(adj. 音乐的）musician(n. 音乐家）
11.succeed(v.成功）success（n. 成功）successful(adj. 成功的）successfully(adv. 成功地）
12. in a western style 用西方的风格
13. one of his works 他的其中一部作品
14. choose sb to do sth 选择某人做某事be chosen to do sth 被选中做某事
have no choice but to do sth 别无选择只能做某事
15. speak /think highly of 高度赞扬
16. be open to 对……开放
17. plan to do sth 计划做某事
18. after a while 过了一会
19. out of breath 气喘吁吁上气不接下
20. Hurry into 匆忙进入
21. have a lasting value 有永久的价值be of great value 有巨大的价值
22. make up 编造
23.What do you think of……?=How do you like……? 你认为……怎么样？
24.praise sb for sth. 因……赞扬某人
25. have a real gift for 在……方面有天赋
26.as usual 像往常一样
27. mix ……with……把……和……混合在一起
28. ran in all directions 跑向四面八方
29. encourage……to do sth 鼓励某人做某事30. keep doing sth 一直做某事
9A U6语法和知识点复习
语法：条件状语从句（在复合句中表示主句动作发生的条件）
1.If“如果，假如”，引导条件状语从句，表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。You will get good grades if you study hard.
可以主句在前，if从句在后；也可以if从句在前，主句在后，中间用逗点隔开。
If you study hard，you will get good grades .
无论主句用一般将来时、情态动词、还是祈使句，从句均用一般现在时。
If you ask him, he will help you.
If it is fine tomorrow, we can go and fly the kite.
Don?t miss the programme if you like music.
注意：if翻译成“是否”引导宾语从句，按照宾语从句语法规则对待。
2. unless“除非，如果不”，相当于“if…not”,引导条件状语从句
You will be late unless you leave at once.=You will be late if you don?t leave at once.
无论主句用一般将来时、情态动词、还是祈使句，从句均用一般现在时。
The game will be played unless it rains.
He can?t see clearly unless he wears glasses.
Don?t touch the machine unless the teacher al lows you to.
知识点：
1.get bored with sth/doing sth 对……感到厌烦
2. have something/nothing to do有某事要做/无事可做
3.A dog?s work is never done.狗的工作永远做不完
4. What type of programmes do you like? 你喜欢什么类型的节目？
5. take part in +活动=join in +活动“参加某种活动”join +组织/人“加入某个组织/加入某人的行列”
6. There are always famous people on these shows talking about their lives.
There be sb doing sth “有某人在做某事”
7.win a big prize 获得一项大奖
8.a weekly round-up of “一周……的摘要
9. a number of+名词复数；许多，大量做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
the number of +名词复数“……的数量”做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：The number of the students in this school is over 2000,a number of them are girls.
10.be coverd live 现场直播
11.vote online for……在线为……投票12.send text message to……发送短信至……13. direct (v.导演）director(n.导演）14. be found dead(adj.) 被发现死亡
15. be full of ……=be filled with……“充满、装满……” 16. get scared easily 容易害怕
17.take a close look at……近距离的观察
18.stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情stop to do sth 停下来去做另一件事
19.hunt sth for……因……而猎杀某物
20.Interview sb =have an interview with sb “采访某人”
21. a waste of time 浪费时间
https://www.360docs.net/doc/ff13265021.html,st: ① v 持续last for 3 days ②last month “上个月” ③at last “最后”
23. murder : ① vt.谋杀② n. 谋杀案murderer (n.) 谋杀者
24. die of 死于自身原因die from 死于外部原因
25. receive a message from sb 收到来自某人的信息
26. ask sb for help 向某人寻求帮助
27.stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事=prevent sb.(from) doing sth.
=keep sb. from doing sth.（注意这里的from不能去掉，去掉就变了意思了）
28. catch one?s attention 引起某人的注意
9A U7语法和知识点复习
Grammar :状语从句
让步状语从句：连词有though/although.一定记住：在让步状语从句中，though/although不能与but连用。
结果状语从句：连词有so…that../such…that…
so…that…的用法： 1.so +形容词/副词+that+句子 2.so+many/much/few/little+that+句子such…that…的用法：1. such+a/an+形容词+that+句子2.Such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that+句子
目的状语从句：连词有so that/in order that, 这两个连词引导的从句中，常含有情态动词。例如：Hepburn spent her last few years working so that she could help poor children in different parts of the world.
知识点：
1.明日的超级明星=tomorrow?s superstar
2.你做梦=in your dreams
3.适合= be suitable for
4.Instead与instead of的区别：instead常放句末或句首。Instead of放句中，后跟动名词。
5.宁愿做某事= would rather +do sth
6.One of的用法one of +the +(形容词最高级）+名词复数
7.一位美人的损失= the loss of a beauty
loss n.丧失，损失；失败…的失去the loss of v. 输、失败、失去.lose—lost—lost (v) 失去某人的生命lose one?s life
lost adj 迷失的，迷路的①迷路get lost= lose one?s way ②那个走丢的男孩the lost boy
8.梦想做某事= dream of doing sth
9.吸引某人的注意= catch one?s attention
10. insist + that … 坚持认为… eg:She insisted she was right.
insist + on sth. /doing sth. 坚持… eg：He insisted on seeing us home . He insisted on his decision.
11.以…为基础= base…on/upon be based upon/on 以…为基础
12.标志着…开始= mark the beginning of
13.扮演….主角= play the lead role of …
14.被选为做…= be chosen to be= be chosen as
15.充满=be full of
16.事实上= in fact.
17.因为…赢得…= win …for…
18.最后一次露面= make one?s final appearance
appear v. 出现disappear appearance n.出现、外表disappearance
19.超出，超过= go beyond
20.more与another的用法：与数字连用时数字+more= another+数字+名词
21. in the +1970s= 在20世纪70年代
22.因为他的努力= because of his efforts.
23. 患癌症= have cancer
24. 平静地去世= pass away peacefully
25.爱上某人= fall in love with
26.mistake sb. for … 将某人误以为… mistake--mistook—mistaken
mistake作名词时，意为“错误”。make a mistake意为“犯错”。Eg: It's natural that a learner makes such mistakes.
by mistake“由于失误” Eg: I took your pen by mistake.由于失误我拿了你的钢笔。
27.你认为…怎么样？= what do you think about….
= what do you think of …= how do you like …?
28.“so/neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”的用法：当上文所说的情况适合另一个人和物时，就用此结构。
例如：Lucy likes apples, so do I . Lucy doesn?t like apples, neither do I .
9A U8语法和知识点复习
1.概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
The girl who is standing there is Mary.
2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。
3.关系词：引导定语从句的词。
4.结构：先行词+ 关系词+ 句子
5.注意: 从句必须紧跟在先行词后。关系代词做主语时，动词单复数必须与先行词一致。
eg: The girls who are standing there is Mary.
难点(1)：区分who, whom
1. The man _____ talked to you just now is a worker.
2. The foreigner ________ visited our class yesterday is from Canada.
3. I?d like to see the boy ______ you talked about .
4. The girl _________ we saw yesterday is John?s si ster.
难点(2) :关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可省略，作主语则不可。
1. Did you read the book ________ I lend to you ? A. whose B. / C. who D. what
2. Did you read the book _______was popular at the moment. A. that B. / C. who D. what
关系词只能用that的情况：
A.先行词里同时含有人或物时I can remember the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
B. 当先行词为all，everything，anything，the one等不定代词时
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？
C. 当先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时
Return all the books that you borrowed from the library.
D. 先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last等词修饰时This is the same bike that I lost.
E. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰 He was the first person that passed the exam.
F. 当主句以who 或which开头时，定语从句的关系词用that
Who is the girl that spoke to you just now? Which is the pen that you lost?
关系词只能用which的情况：①非限定性定语从句中，即逗号之后；②介词后面不能用that，只能用which。
This is the village ,which we visited last summer. 这是我们去年夏天参观的乡村。
Is this the bookshop from which you bought the book?这是你买这本书的书店吗？
关系代词只能用who的情况：
1. 当先行词是those, someone , anyone, 等词时，关系代词只能用who
Those who want to go to the Great Wall are our friends.
Is there anyone who wants to go there?
2. 在there be 句型中，先行词指人,关系词只能用who
There is an old man who wants to see you. There are many young men who are against him.
知识点：
1.穿着= be dressed in…
2. 寻找重要事情的线索= look for clues to something important
3. 相当严重=much more serious
4. 丢失= go missing
5. 做笔录= make notes on
6. 讲实话= tell the truth
7. 中等身高= of medium height
8. 看见某人做了某事= see sb do sth
9. 某人被看见做了某事= be seen to do sth
10. 看见某人正在做某事= see sb doing sth
11. 某人被看见正在做某事=be seen doing sth
(和see用法相似的有hear, watch,notice)
12. 发生= take place= happen(没有被动语态）
13. 查出（真相）= find out..
14.别的某个地方=somewhere else
15. 带到某地= bring to sp
16.一些非同寻常的事情= something unusual
17.要求某人做某事= ask sb to do sth
18.被…弄伤= be wounded with
19. 流血而死= bleed to death
20.结果= as a result
21.破案= solve the case
22. 一份工资很高的工作= a well-paid job
23.根据= according to
24. 犯有…罪行= be guilty of
25. 被控告…= be charged with
26.破门闯入= break into
27. 树敌= make sb some enemies
28. so far=到目前为止（是现在完成时态的标志词）
29. 呼吸严重= breathe heavily
30. 提供… 奖赏= offer a reward of…
31. 导致= lead to
32. 破案高手= a master at solving crimes
33. 结果是= turn out
34.坐牢= in prison
35. 和… 无关= have nothing to do with.
36. 匆忙做某事= be in a hurry to do sth
37. 一个富有的人= a wealthy man= a man of wealth
38.防范，提防某事= guard against sth
39.保护…免遭...= protect…. from…
40.最好(不）做某事=had better （not）do sth
41.做事情谋生= do sth for a living
42.与…和睦相处= get…along /on with
小学英语语法汇总 牛津译林
育英二外小学英语语法大全 第一章名词 一、定义 名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以是表示抽象的东西。 二、分类 1.名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词 如：john is a student student是普通名词，john是专有名词 普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an,定冠词the或不加冠词，专有名词前一般不加冠词，专有名词的首字母要大写。 2.普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词，其中个体名词与集体名词是可数名词，物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词。 3.专有名词 专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词，多为独一无二的事物。 三、名词的数 1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词——可以数的名词 不可数名词——数不清（没有复数） drink?milk tea water orange juice coke coffee porridge food?rice bread meat fish fruit cake dumplings 2、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式，不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用，没有复数形式 many+可数名词复数 much/a little+不可数名词 some,any,a lot of(lots of)两者都可以修饰。 3、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰 不可数名词数词+量词+of+名词 对可数名词的数量提问用how many 对不可数名词的数量提问用how much 4、不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法： 1）some,much,a little,a lot of,a bit of,plenty of用等表示多少。
牛津译林版8B语法知识点汇总
牛津译林版8B语法知识点汇总 Un it 1 词组： 1 禾和??玩play with sb 35 顺便问一下by the way 2 不再…not …any more 36 在去…的路上on the way to… 3 不同时期的交通工具37 挡路in the way tran sport at differe nt times 38 开阔的空间/ 户外活动场所 4 阳光镇的变化open space the cha nges to Sun shi ne Town 39 不时地，偶尔from time to time 5 非常了解这个地方40 从…搬出去move out of… know the place well 41 事实上，实际上in fact 6 从那时起since then 42 一处自然景点地方 7 自从2005年以来since 2005 a place of n atural beauty 8 自从去年以来since last year 43 一个新的火车站 9 自从三个星期前以来 a new railway station since three weeks ago 44 从…借…borrow sth from sb 10 搬家move house 45 借给某人…/把…借给 11 搬到南京move to Nanjing lend sb sth= lend sth to sb 12 搬进一座新公寓46 例女口for example/ such as move to/ into a new flat 47 在使用中 13 在…南部be in use= be in service in the souther n part of 48 带…去…take sb to … 14 结婚get married 49 一所小学a primary school 15 和某人结婚50 我也是Me, too. be/ get married to sb/ marry sb 51 独自地on one s own= by on eself= alone 16 变化很大change a lot 52 空余时间free time 17 在过去in the past 53 有同感have the same feeling 18 在现在at present 54 青山环绕green hills around 19 这些年以来55 清新的空气fresh air over/ duri ng the years 56 良好的环境a good environment 20 把…变成…turn …into…57 发展缓慢less development 21 在周末at weekends 58 离…远be far (away) from 22 打牌play cards 59 离…近be close to … 23 下中国象棋play Chinese chess 60 给…造成许多麻烦 24 愉快的假期pleasant holiday cause many problems for … 25 玩得很开心61 近期照片recent photos have a pleasa nt time 62 在近几年中in recent years 26 水污染water pollution 63 …的反义词the opposite of… 27 噪音污染noise pollution 64 有好运have good luck 28 过去经常做某事used to do sth 65 把…扔掉throw sth away 29 像以前一样经常地66 一个真正的问题 a real problem as ofte n as before 67 写一篇有关阳光镇的文早 30 把…排进/ 倒进…dump…into…write an article on Sun shi ne Tow 31 一个很严重的问题n a very serious problem 68 在过去的一个世纪 32 米取行动做某事over the past cen tury take actio n to do sth 69关于北京的过去和现在about Beijing 33 减少污染reduce the pollution s past and prese nt 34 在某种程度上in some ways 70 感冒have a cold
(完整版)苏教版译林牛津初中英语语法总结(初一初二)
补充： 1.句子的构成 初中一年级上语法 1.in,on,at表示时间的应用 in +parts of day(evening,morning,etc) /month/season/year on + day (Sunday, etc)/date(1 July,etc)/parts of a special day( Sunday morning)/special holidays(Children’s Day) at + time of day (seven o’clock)/ age(6 years old) 2.频率副词 never, seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always 3.疑问副词的用法 what,which,who,whose,when,why,how 4.可数名词与不可数名词 5.some和any的用法 6.There be句型 7.现在进行时及动词+ing的用法 初中一年级下语法 1.序数词与基数词 2.一般将来时：will与shall、be going to 3.名词所有格 名字+’s，mine,yours,ours,theirs,his,hers,its 4.冠词a,an, the的用法 5.表示方位的介词 In front of, behind,inside,outside,above,below,over,under 6.一般过去式及过去分词+ed的用法 7.can,could,may的用法 8.What 和How开头的感叹句 9形容词的用法，在句子中的位置 10.不定代词的用法 Somebody, someone, something Anybody, anyone, anything Nobody, no one, nothing Everybody, everyone, everthing 初中二年级上语法 1.比较级、最高级的用法 than作为比较级、the+最高级的用法 +er 及+est 的用法，most+形容词表示最高级 2. more…than, fewer….than,less..than, the most, the fewest, the least的用法 3. as…as的用法 4.反身代词的用法 Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 5.祈使句的用法
(完整版)牛津译林版8B语法知识点汇总(最新整理)
牛津译林版8B语法知识点汇总Unit 1 词组： 1 和…玩play with sb 2 不再…not …any more 3 不同时期的交通工具 transport at different times 4 阳光镇的变化 the changes to Sunshine Town 5 非常了解这个地方know the place well 6 从那时起since then 7 自从2005年以来since 2005 8 自从去年以来since last year 9 自从三个星期前以来 since three weeks ago 10 搬家move house 11 搬到南京move to Nanjing 12 搬进一座新公寓move to/ into a new flat 13 在…南部in the southern part of 14 结婚get married 15 和某人结婚 be/ get married to sb/ marry sb 16 变化很大change a lot 17 在过去in the past 18 在现在at present 19 这些年以来over/ during the years 20 把…变成…turn …into… 21 在周末at weekends 22 打牌play cards 23 下中国象棋play Chinese chess 24 愉快的假期pleasant holiday 25 玩得很开心have a pleasant time 26 水污染water pollution 27 噪音污染noise pollution 28 过去经常做某事used to do sth 29 像以前一样经常地…as often as before 30 把…排进/ 倒进…dump… into… 31 一个很严重的问题a very serious problem 32 采取行动做某事take action to do sth 33 减少污染reduce the pollution 34 在某种程度上in some ways 35 顺便问一下by the way 36 在去…的路上on the way to… 37 挡路in the way 38 开阔的空间/ 户外活动场所open space 39 不时地，偶尔from time to time 40 从…搬出去move out of… 41 事实上，实际上in fact 42 一处自然景点地方 a place of natural beauty 43 一个新的火车站a new railway station 44从…借…borrow sth from sb 45借给某人…/把…借给…lend sb sth= lend sth to sb 46 例如for example/ such as 47 在使用中be in use= be in service 48 带…去…take sb to … 49 一所小学a primary school 50 我也是Me, too. 51 独自地on one’s own= by oneself= alone 52 空余时间free time 53 有同感have the same feeling 54 青山环绕green hills around 55 清新的空气fresh air 56 良好的环境a good environment 57 发展缓慢less development 58 离…远be far (away) from 59 离…近be close to… 60 给…造成许多麻烦 cause many problems for… 61 近期照片recent photos 62 在近几年中in recent years 63 …的反义词the opposite of… 64 有好运have good luck 65 把…扔掉throw sth away 66 一个真正的问题a real problem 67 写一篇有关阳光镇的文章write an article on Sunshine Town 68在过去的一个世纪over the past century 69关于北京的过去和现在about Beijing’s past and present
2018年牛津译林版初中英语中考英语语法全套专题练习
2018年中考英语语法专题练习 《冠词》 1.掌握不定冠词a, an的用法; 2.掌握定冠词the的用法; 3.掌握含定冠词或不定冠词的习语和固定短语; 4.掌握零冠词的用法。 ( )1. Jack is eight-year-old boy and he goes to school on foot every day. A. an; the B. a;/ C. an;/ D. a; the ( )2.一There is egg on the table. Would you like to have it? 一No, thanks. A./ B. an C. a D. the ( )3.Donald Trump, 71-year-old businessman, was chosen President of the US last year. A. a; a B. a;/ C. the; a D. the; the ( )4.Dangal (《摔跤吧!爸爸》)，Indian movie, has become one of most popular movies in China. A. a; / B. a; the C. an; the D. /;the ( )5.Every evening my daughter plays piano for an hour. A. the B. a C./ D. an ( )6.They stopped in beautiful place for camping, near farmhouse of the Smiths. A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the ( )7.一This photo makes me think of trip to the Great Wall last year. 一Yeah, we had a great time there. A. a B. an C. the D./ ( )8.I went to supermarket to buy birthday gift for my aunt yesterday. A. an; a B. a; a C. the; / D./; the ( )9.一Do you like movie Dangal? 一Yes. It's educational movie. I like it very much. A. the; an B. a; an C. a; the D. the; a ( )10. 一Who's boy under the tree? 一Bill. He's active boy. A. a; an B. a; the C.the; a D. the; an ( )11. Shenzhen is on coast near Hong Kong. It was small village many years ago. A.a; the B.the; a C. /; / D. the; the ( )12. Lang Lang is famous pianist. He plays piano very well. A. a; the B. the; the C. the;/ D. a;/ ( )13. This is interesting story for the kids. A.an B. a C./ ( )14. I bought useful dictionary yesterday. dictionary is very cheap.
英语牛津译林版八年级下册语法大全
(UNIT1)现在完成时的重点和难点 一、现在完成时的完成用法和未完成用法 1.现在完成时的完成用法 现在完成时的完成用法指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束，但该动作对现在产生了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。例如：He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。 (动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。) 现在完成时完成用法的特点是动作不延续，因此，该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语(如：already，yet，before，recently等)、频度时间状语(如：never，ever，once等)、 包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如：this morning ／ month ／year...，today等)连用。 例如： Have you found your pen yet？你已找到你的钢笔了吗？ 2.现在完成时的未完成用法 现在完成时的未完成用法指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续 下去。 例如：He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。(动作起始 于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。) I have been in the army for more than 5 years.我在部队已经呆了五年多了。(动作开始于5年前，一直延续至今，有可能还要继续下去。) 此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(由since或for引导)，或表示与现在时刻相 连的时间状语(如：up to now，so far到目前为止)等。 例如：I have heard nothing from him up to now.到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。 注意：(1)现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词，不可用于终止性动词，即瞬间完成 或延续时间很短的动词。如：come，go，arrive，leave，join，become，die等。 (2)现在完成时常见两种句型： ①主语＋have / has been＋for短语 ②It is＋一段时间＋ since从句 例如：He has been in the League for three years.或It is three years since he joined the League. 他入团已三年了。 3、延续性动词和终止性动词的概念 英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。 终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后 立即结束。如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy等。 4、延续性动词的用法特征 1.延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时态可与表示段时间的状语连用。表示段时间的 短语有：for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等。如：I have learned English since I came here.自从我来到这儿就学英 语了。
版译林牛津七年级7b语法全册整理
最新版译林牛津七年级7B语法全册整理 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
7B unit1 1. 基数词：表示数目的数词为基数词，它在句中主要作定语，也可作主语、宾语、表语和同位语等。关于基数词的用法我们要注意以下几点： （1）基数词的构成： ①21至99的两位数：十位数与个位数之间加连字符。如：22 = twenty-two 78 = seventy-eight ②三位数：百位数与最后两位数之间(若十位数为0，则与个位数之间)，要加and(美 国英语中可省去and)。如： 101 = one hundred(and)one 999 = nine hundred(and)nine ③四位数：thousand之后，百位数之前加逗号，百位数与十位数之间(若十位数为0，则与个位数之间)加and。如： 1，401 ＝ one thousand，four hundred and one ④表示一万以上的大数目：将数字从个位起每向前三位加一逗号，使一个数分成若干小节，分别称为thousand节，million节等，然后按节处理。如： 101，203，001 ＝ one hundred and one million，two hundred and three thousand and one． ⑤表示十亿，美国用one billion，英国用one thousand million． （2）基数词的运用： 以上这些表示确切数目的数词中，hundred，thousand，million，billion等一般用单数形式。但在以下几种情况里，基数词以复数形式出现。 ①用于表示不定数目。如： hundreds of (数百的) thousands of (数千的) millions of (数百万的) ②表示“几十”的数词，其复数形式可以表示年龄或年代。如： He doesn't look like an old man in his eighties． 他看上去不像80来岁的老人。 ③其他习惯用法。如：in two sand threes 三三两两的 2. 序数词：表示顺序的数词为序数词，它在句中主要作定语，也可作主语、宾语、表语和同位语等。关于序数词的用法我们要注意以下几点： （1）序数词的构成： ①除first，second，third外，从第四开始，由相应的基数词加词尾-th构成序数词。 ②以ty结尾的基数词先将y变成ie，再加词尾—th构成序数词。 Twenty---twentieth forty---fortieth ③有少数几个基数词构成序数词时，拼写有变化。如: five-fifth eight-eighth nine-ninth twelve-twelfth ④第二十一至第九十九：十位数用基数词，个位数用序数词。如： 第二十一 twenty-first，缩写为21st 第九十三 ninety-third，缩写为93rd ⑤百位数的序数词：百位数用基数词+百位以后最末两位(或)一位的序数词。如： 第一百零一 one hundred and first，缩写为101st 第一百二十三 one hundred and twenty-third，缩写为123rd 7bunit 2 一般将来时 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。常常与表示将来的时间状语连用。常用的表达形式共有五种，现归纳如下： 结构：shall/will/be going to +do 只有第一人称I，we用shall. 用will或shall表示
牛津译林版7BUnit3语法及知识点
Grammar 名词所有格的构成及用法 名词在句中表示所有关系、所属关系、动作执行者及动作承受者等意义时常需用所有格形式||。名词所有格也称为属格、主格||，它主要包括's所有格、of所有格和双重所有格三种表现形式||。 定义：表示有生命的东西的名词及某些表示时间、距离、星球、世界、国家等无生命的东西的名词后加’s来表示所有关系||，叫做名词所有格||。 名词所有格的用法： 一、名词+ ’s （主要用于有生命的事物） 1、单数名词和不以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾加’s构成所有格 例如：Jimmy’s book（吉米的书）Jane’s schoolbag（简的书包） Children’s Day(儿童的节日、六一儿童节) Wuhan’s summer is very hot.(武汉的夏天非常热||。) 2、复数名词以-s结尾的只需要加’ 构成所有格||。 例如：Twins’ father is Mr. Brown. (双胞胎的爸爸是布朗先生||。) 二、名词+of +名词 如果名词是无生命的||，我们通常就要用名词+of +名词的结构来表示所有关系||。 例如：A bag of mine= my bag (我的书包) The name of the girl =the girl’s name (女孩的名字) The window of the bedroom = the bedroom’s window(卧室的窗户) 三、特殊所有格 若一样东西为两人共有||，则后一个人名用所有格；如果不是两人共有||，而是各有各的||，则两个名词都用所有格||，且其后名词应为复数||。 例如：This is Tom and Jim’s room. 这是汤姆和吉姆共有的房间||。 These are Tom’s and Jim’s rooms. 这些是汤姆和杰森各自的房间||。 步行一个半小时的路程： 四．'s所有格所修饰的词的省略现象 （1）表示诊所、店铺或某人的家等地点名词||，其名词所有格后的被修饰语常常省略||。 例如：I met her at the doctor's（office）．我在诊所遇见了她||。 He has gone to the tailor's（shop）．他到服装店去了||。 （2）名词所有格所修饰的词||，如果前面已经提到过||，往往可以省略||，以免重复||。例如： Whose pen is this？It's Tom's．这是谁的钢笔？是汤姆的||。 The bike is not mine||，but Wang Pinpin's．这辆自行车不是我的||，是王品品的||。 五．双重所有格及其用法 's所有格和of所有格两种所有格形式结合在一起||，构成"of＋所有格"形式||，即双重的所有格||。它通常表示部分观念||，即全体中的一部分||，在意义上与"one of．．．"相似||，它主要修饰of短语之前的那个名词||。此外||，双重所有格与指示代词连用时||，常带有感情色彩||，如赞赏、不满、厌恶等||。它的主要形式如下： 1．名词＋of＋名词性物主代词||。例如： a good friend of mine 我的一个好朋友an interesting story of his 他的有趣的经历 2．名词＋of＋'s所有格||。例如： He is a friend of my sister's．（＝one of my sister's friends）他是我姐姐的一个朋友 Look at that long nose of Jack's．看杰克的那个长鼻子||。（感情色彩） 试比较： a picture of Xiao Zhang a picture of Xiao Zhang's 3．不定冠词、数词、某些不定代词（some||，any||，many||，no||，few等）以及which等限定词||，一般不
最新译林版牛津英语七年级下册Units1-8单元知识点及语法归纳(全册)
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(完整版)牛津译林初一语法练习
牛津译林初一语法练习 一根据所给单词或汉语提示填写单词的适当形式10' 11. My bags are here. Where are _________ (she)? 12. His _______ names are Bush and Mary. (grandparent) 13. You should do your homework _________ (one), Danny. 14. Li Ming, what about ________ ( 跑步) to school? 15. The girls are dancing _______ (happy) under the old tree. 16 Can you see those ___ (警察)over there? 17. The boys are reading the _________ (interest) book, Harry Potter II. 18. My school has two ___________ . (library) 19. Carry the ________ (shop) basketball with you, Sandy. 20. How many _______ (people) are there in front of the supermarket? 二选出与划线部分意义相同或相近的词或短语。10' ( )21. Do you think Li Lei is at home? A. in B. on C. to ( )22. Thanks very much. A. a lot of B. a lot C. lots of ( )23. I'm fine, too. Thank you. A. good B.OK C. nice ( )24. Here is a picture of my family. A. map B. book C. photo ( )25.Cui Yan is one of my good friends. A. one friend of my good friends B. a good friend of mine C. one good friend of mine 三选择题20
译林版牛津英语7B语法点复习
译林版牛津英语7B语法点复习 Unit 1 Dream homes 数词 1、数词的定义：表示数目多少或顺序先后的词为数词。 2、数词的分类：数词可分为基数词和序数词，基数词表示数量的多少，序数词表示顺序的先后。 3、数词的用法 基数词的用法 I. 基数词的构成。 基数词1-12是独立的单词。 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve 基数词13-19是在个位数后面加-teen构成，其中thirteen, fifteen, eighteen是不规则变化。thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen 整十的基数词20-90是在个位数词后面加-ty构成，其中twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, eighty是不规则变化。 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety 非整十基数词21-99是在十位数后面加上个位数构成，中间加上连字符“-”。 twenty-one, seventy-six, eighty-eight 三位数以上的基数词，百位数和十位数之间用and连接。 two hundred and one, three thousand five hundred and fourteen 英语中没有“万”和“亿”这两个单位，在表示“万”和“亿”时，把“万”念成10个千，“十万”念成100个千，“亿”念成100个百万……以此类推。 10,000：ten thousand 100,000: a hundred thousand 100,000,000: a hundred million 35, 845: thirty-five thousand, eight hundred and forty-five II. hundred, thousand, million 和billion的用法。 hundred, thousand, million和billion等表示确切数字时，只用其单数形式；但是在表示不确切数字时，要用其复数形式，并且与of连用，表示约数。 e.g:1. There are more than three hundreddays in a year. 一年有三百多天。 2. Thousands of visitors travel to the Great Wall every year. 每年有成千上万的游客游玩长城。 III. 基数词表示编号。
牛津译林版八年级英语全册语法知识点总结
8A语法 Unit 1 Friends 形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则 1.规则变化: (1)一般形容词+er +est (shorter, smaller, smallest ) (2)以e 结尾的形容词+r +st (nicer, larger, largest) (3)以辅音字母加y 结尾的形容词变y 为i 再+er, est (busier, busiest; heavier, heaviest) (4)以重读闭音节结尾的形容词双写辅音字母+er, est 熟记：大（big)热（hot）天,一个穿红 （red）衣浑身湿（wet）透的伤感（sad）胖（fat）子想要变得又瘦（thin）又苗条（slim） 2.不规则变化 (1)good(well)-better-best (2) many(much)-more-most (3)ill(bad, badly)-worse-worst (4) far-farther (further)-farthest (furthest) (5) little-less-least (6) few-fewer-fewest 3.多音节的形容词比较级和最高级在词前加more , most delicious-more delicious-the most delicious popular-more popular-the most popular 注意: 1 形容词的最高级前必须有the, 而副词的最高级前the 可省略 2.比较级前常用a bit, a little, much, a lot, even, far 等词表示程度. 3.形容词比较级用来比较两者(人或事)句中常有than; 形容词最高级用来比较三者或三者以上(人或事), 句中常有in 或of 短语表示比较范围. 4. as+adj.+as (和------一样------) / not as/so +adj.+ as (不如------，不及------) Unit 2 School life 一、比较事物的数量 1.many (修饰可数名词）／much (修饰不可数名词）----more ----most more + 可数名词复数/ 不可数名词+ than ……比……数量多
译林版牛津初中英语九年级下册全册单元知识点及语法整理
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