现在完成时语法专项练习与总结

现在完成时态

1.定义：①过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果强调现在的结果。例：I have already finished myhomework ②过去已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态：强调持续到现在。例：I have lived here since 1990.

2.现在完成时的构成have\has+过去分词

3.现在完成时的四个基本句型

肯定句He has finished the work.

一般疑问句 Has he finished the work?

否定句He has not finished the work.

两回答Yes ,he has. No, he hasn’t.

特殊疑问句What has he done?

4.在下列情形下用现在完成时

（1）九词语

①already 已经（肯定句中或句尾）例: I have already found my pen. = I have found my pen already.

②yet已经，还（在否定句和疑问句句中代替already ）例：I have not finished the work yet.

Have you bought a computer yet?

③ever曾经(句中) 例：Have you ever seen pandas?

④never从不(句中) 例：I have never been to Beijing.

⑤just刚刚(句中) 例：I have just done my work.

⑥before以前 (句尾) 例：I have never been there before.

⑦so far到目前为止例：So far he has learnt 200 words.

⑧how long多久例：How long have you lived here?

⑨how many times多少次例：How many times has he been to Beijing?

（2）两结构(for和since引导的时间)

for two months for +一段时间

Jim has lived here for 2 months.

since last year since +过去点时间

Lucy has been in Beijing since 3 years ago.

since 3 years ago since 1990

since he came here since +过去时态句子He has been in China since he came here.

（2）以下时间也是现在完成时的时间：these days,

in the last/past three years,

(3)两词组havegone to去了某地例：He has gone to Beijing (去了北京) havebeen to去过某地例：He has been to Beijing. (去过北京)

（4）如果句子里面没有时间状语，汉语意思能够加“已经”，往往用现在完成时态。例：Have you lost your library book? 你已经弄丢了从图书馆借的那本书吗？

（5）现在完成时态还常常用于下列句型 They have planted many trees in the last few years. 在过

去的几年，他们已经种了很多树。

This is the best book I have ever read. 这是我曾经读过的最好的一本书。

It is the first time I have played the computer games. 这是我第一次玩电脑游戏。

5. 在现在完成时中，一次性动词(也称瞬间性动词)不能和一段时间状语连用例：He has bought the book for 3 years.（错）因buy这个一次性动词不能和一段时间for

3 years连用, 改正的办法有五种：

①He has bought the book.. (去掉一段时间for 3 years)

②He bought the book 3 years ago (改为一般过去时,使句子的意思不变)

③It’s 3 years since he bough t the book. = 3 years has passed since he bought the book.（改为固定句型It is

---since---）

④He has not bought the book for 3 years.（改为否定句）

⑤He has had the book for 3 years. （用延续性动词have代替buy）

6. 还有其他一次性动词也是这种情况，可参照前面的五种办法改正，前四种改法都一样，第五种改法各不相同，举例如下：

①come/arrive/get to/reach → be here\

例：I have come here for 3 years.（错）

改为：I have been here for 3 years.

②leave/go →be away

例：He has left for 3 hours.（错）

改为：He has been away for 3 hours.

③begin/start →be on

例：The film has begun for 3 minutes.（错）

改为The film has been on for 3 minutes.

④open →be open / close → be closed

例：The shop has opened for 3 years.(错)

改为The shop has been open for 3 years.

⑤die →be dead

例：His father has died for 3 years.(错)

改为：His father has been dead for 3 years.

⑥finish/end→ be over

例：He has finished the work for 3 days.(错)

改为The work has been over for 3 days

⑦join 例：I have joined the army for 3 years.（错）

改为：I have been in the army for 3 years. 或I have been a soldier for 3 years.

⑧buy /catch → have

例：I have bought the bike for 3 years.（错）

改为：I have had the bike for 3 years.

例：He has caught a cold for 3 days.（错）

改为：He has had a cold for 3 days.

⑨borrow → kept

例：I have borrowed the book for 3 years.（错）

改为I have kept the book for 3 years.

还有其它的归纳如下：

break → be broken get up → be up marr y → be married bec ome → be lose → be lost

7 延续性动词和终止性动词

①延续性动词：表示的动作是能延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久的影响。如：learn\ work\ stand\ lie\ know\ walk\ keep\ have\ wait\ watch\ sing\ read\ sleep\ live

②终止性动词：也叫非延续性动词，瞬间动词，一次性动词。表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生后立即结束，产生某种结果。在有了某种结果后，动作就不能再继续下去。如：leave\ start\ set out\ arrive\ reach\ get to\ begin\ stop\ shut\ turn off\ marry\ put\ put on\ get up\ wake\ fall\ join\ meet\ receive\finish\ end\ complete\ become\ come\ go\ die\ open\ close\ break\ give\ jump\ buy\ borrow

8. 终止性动词不能和一段时间状语连用。

He has died for three days.（错）终止性动词die不能和一段时间连用）

练习一：用for 或since填空

1. Jill has been in Ireland ______Monday.

2. Jill has been in Ireland ______three days.

3. My aunt has lived in Australia _____ 15 days.

4. Margaret is in her office. She has been there _____ 7

o'clock.

5. India has been an independent country _____1974.

练习二：has / have been has / have gone.

1. Harry：I saw you in Annabel's Restaurant last night. Diana：No, it wasn't me. I ____ never____ there.

2. Sam：Sally and Tim are on holiday, aren't

they? Where _____ they_____?

Sue：To Florida, again.

Sam：How many times _____they ____there?

Sue：This is their third visit.

3. Alan：Where's Tony?

Mary：He's got a headache so he ________ to bed.

4. A:Where are the boy students ?

B:They _____ to the school factory.

5. A:Is your father in ?

B:No, he ____ to Shenzhen.

A: _______he ever ______ there before ? B: Yes, he ___ there several times

练习三：用already或yet填空

1) Have they taken down the old pictures ______?

No, not ________.

2) Most of us have finished our compositions ________

3) He said he hadn’t visited the exhibition ________.

练习四：重点用法

1. Both his parents look sad . Maybe they ___（know）what's happened to him .

2. He has _____ been to Shanghai , has he ?

Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. Still

3. Have you met Mr Li ___？

Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago

4. The famous writer _____(write) one new book in the past two year .

5.—Our country _____ (change)a lot so far .

—Yes . I hope it will be even ______(good) .

6.Zhao Lan __ __already ___(study)in this school for two years .

7. We ____ (know) Xiao Li since she was a little girl .

8. Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______(see) it twice .

9.—These farmers have been to the United

States .—Really ? When _____ there ?

Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they go

Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone

10.—____ you ___ your homework yet ? —Yes . I

____ it a moment ago .

ＡDid;do;finished ＢHave done;finished Ｃ

Have;done have finished Ｄwill;do; finish

练习五：关于动词的延续与非延续

1. He died 10 years ago. He ____ ____ ____ for 10 years.

2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago.

He ____ ____ the book for 2 weeks.

3. He bought the motorbike a month ago.

He ____ _____ the motorbike for a month.

4. He arrived here three days ago.

He _____ _____ here since three days ago.

5. He left here 2 years ago.

He _____ _____ _____ from here for 2 years.

6. The film began 30 minutes ago.

The film _____ _____ _____ for 30 minutes.

7. They opened the door an hour ago.

The door _____ _____ _____ for an hour.

8. They closed the door an hour ago.

The door _____ _____ _____ for an hour.

9. His father ______ the Party since 1978 .

Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in 10.—Do you know him well ?

—Sure .We ______ friends since ten years ago .

Ａ.were Ｂ.have been Ｃ.have become Ｄ.have made 11.-How long have you___here ? —About two months .

Ａbeen Ｂgone Ｃcome Ｄarrived

12. Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes . Ａ.has begun Ｂ.had begun Ｃ.has been on Ｄ.began 13. His uncle died two years ago .

（同）His uncle has _______ for two years

14. Her mother has been a Party member for three years Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .

15.It ____ ten years since he left the army .

Ａis Ｂ.has Ｃwill Ｄ. was

16.Miss Green isn't in the office .

she_______ to the library .

Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been 17. My parents _____ Shandong for ten years .

Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been to

Ｃ. have gone to Ｄ.have been

练习六：summary and test

1.I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ___ (see) it last week.

2._ _ he ____(finish) his work today ? Not yet .

3.___ you ____(be) to Hong Kong ? Yes, I _____ (be) there twice .

4.__ you ever ____(eat ) chocolate sundaes ? No, never.

5.My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work He is tired now.

6.Where’s Li Ming ? He ____ (go) to the teacher’s office.

7.Shanghai ___ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it __ (become) a large city.

8.I ____ (work) here since I ____ (move) here in 1999.

9.So far I ____(make) quite a few friends here.

10.How long ____ the Wangs ____(stay) here ?

For two weeks.

11.I have been to Macau before.(否定句)

I ___ ____ been to Macau before.

12.He hasn’t come to school because he’s ill.

____ _____ he come to school?

13.He has learned English for 5 years.(提问)

____ ___ ____ ____ learned English ?

14.I bought a new bike just now.(用just改写)

I ____ just ____ a new bike.

一般过去时

1、用法：一般过去时指的是过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

2、分类：Ⅰ以Be动词作谓语的一般过去时Ⅱ以实义动词谓语的一般过去时

3、一般过去时的时间状语

A:yesterday 为代表，

如：yesterday morning,(afternoon,evening),the day before yesterday

B: ----ago 构成的短语two days/ one hour/ three years ago/a moment ago

C: last构成的短语last week/ month/ year

D: in + 过去的年代in 1990/2002

E: just now

F: this morning,today

4、以Be动词作谓语的一般过去时构成

①be动词的变化is/ am --- was are ---- were

②was/ were 和人称的搭配

was: I / he/ she/ it/ 单数第三人称/ 可数名词单数/ 不可数名词

were: we/ you/ they/ 复数人称/ 可数名词复数

③肯定句：主语+ was/were+其他+时状.

④否定句：主语+was/were +not+其他+时状.

⑤一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+ 其他+时状？

肯定回答：Yes,主语+was/were. 否定回答：No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t.

There be(was/were)……..

主语+ 情态动词过去式（如could,might,should等）+ 动词原形+ 宾语

5、以实义动词作谓语的一般过去时(助动词只有did)

①肯定句：主语+V.（过去式）+其他+时状.

②否定句：主语+didn’t +V. (原形) +其他+时状.

③一般疑问句：Did +主语+V（原形）+ 其他+时状？

肯定回答：Yes,主语+did. 否定回答：No, 主语+didn’t.

[ 实义动词一般过去时用法歌诀：动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事。句中谓语用过去式，过去时间作标记。否定句，很简单，主语之后didn’t 添。疑问构成也有法，主语前面did加。还有一点不能忘，后面的动词要还原。] ④动词过去式的规则变化：

⑥动词过去式的不规则变化：

⑦动词过去式的读音：清后清，浊后浊，/ t/ , /d/ 后面读/ id/

记忆口诀：

动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；

be用was或用were, have,has变had；

谓语动词过去式，过去时间坐标志；

一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。

否定句很简单，主语之后didn’t添；

疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；

如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原；

动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。

练习

一、1. you (remember) to buy the oranges?

2.Who (invent) the computer.

3.We (go) to the cinema last night. The film (be)very good

4.What time you (get) to school this morning?

5.Jim (do) a lot yesterday. He (go) shopping and (cook) supper.

1 He usually gets up early in the morning.

But he late today.

2. She usually works from8 a.m. to 5 p.m.

But yesterday she （work）from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

3. They often go to the park on Sundays.

They (go) to the park last Monday.

4. He reads the newspaper at breakfast.

But yesterday he (not read) the newspapers 二、1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）

Lucy _______ _______ her homework at home.

2、His father worked all day last Monday.（改一般疑问句）

______his father ________ all day last Monday?

3、I was very busy last week. （改否定句和一般疑问句）

I ________ very busy last week.

_____ you very busy last week? 4、There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句)

_____ there _____ orange in the cup?

1. Father bought me a new bike. （同义句）

Father bought _______ _______ ________ _______ me. 2. Frank read an interesting book about history.

_______Frank ______ an interesting book about history?

3. He’s cleaning his rooms. （划线提问）

________ he _______?

4. Why not go out for a walk? （同义句）

_______ ________ ________ out for a walk?

5. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. （否定句）Thomas _______ _______ RMB 10 on this book.

6. My family went to the beach last week. （划线提问）

________ ________ ________ family _______ last week?

7. I didn’t have any friends. （一般疑问句）

________ _______ have _______ friends?

8. I think she is Lily’s sister.（否定句）_________

9. Sally often does some reading in the morning. （否定句）Sally _______ often ______ some reading in the morning.

10. He is a tall, thin boy. （划线提问）

_____ _____ he ______ _______?

13. Sally often does some reading in the morning.（否定句）Sally _______ often ______ some reading in the morning.

14. He is a tall, thin boy. （划线提问）

______ ______ he ______ _____?

三、

1.Tom and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month.

2.Mike _________________(not go) to bed until 12 o’clock last night. So I _______ (get ) up late.

3.Mary __________ (read) English yesterday morning.

4.There _________ (be) no one here a moment ago.

5.I ___________ (call) Mike this morning.

6.I listened but ___________ (hear) nothing.

7.Tom ___________ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/0113380787.html,st week we _________ (pick) many apples on the farm.

9.My mother _____________(not do) housework yesterday.

10.She watches TV every evening.

But she ______ (not watch) TV last night.

中考复习专题现在完成时专项练习题

中考复习专题现在完成时专项练习题一、初中英语现在完成时 1．—I haven't seen your grandfather for two years. What happened to him? —Oh, he ________ here for two years. A. stayed B. hasn't stayed C. stays D. hadn't stayed 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】答语中的for two years是一段时间，用在现在完成时的句中时。现在完成时的结构：主语+have/ has +过去分词。可知选B。【点评】考查现在完成时 2．—What great progress Huawei ________ in recent years! —No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world. A. is making B. has made C. makes D. made 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——华为近几年取得了多大的进步啊！——难怪它在世界的每个角落都出名。根据时间状语in recent years，近几年，可知动作从过去持续到现在，时态为现在完成时have/has+过去分词，故选B。【点评】考查现在完成时。注意掌握现在完成时的结构have/has+过去分词。 3．—Do you still play basketball? —Oh, no. I ____ it for the past two years. A. haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你还打篮球吗？——哦，不了。我已经有两年没有打过了。根据句中的for the last two years可知应与完成时态连用，又有时间是the last two years可知是从现在往前两年，因此应使用现在完成时态，故选A。【点评】考查动词时态中的for+段时间与完成时态连用，根据时间确定是现在完成还是过去完成。 4．—How do you like Beijing, Miss Read? —I've no idea. I _____ there. A. have gone B. have been C. haven't been D. haven't gone 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：---你觉得北京怎么样，瑞得小姐？---我不知道，我没有去过那儿。短语：have been to去过某地（已经返回）；have gone to去了某地（尚未返回），根据句意，故答案为C。【点评】考查短语辨析，区分have been to与have gone to，理解句子，根据语境判断答

英语现在完成时专项训练100(附答案)含解析

英语现在完成时专项训练100(附答案)含解析一、初中英语现在完成时 1．It has been three years since I ______ a teacher. A. become B. became C. becoming D. to become 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】题意：现在完成时里，since从句里动词应用一般过去时。故选B。【点评】考查现在完成时和表示一段时间的时间状语的连用用法，理解题意，即可得出答案。 2．—Do you still play basketball? —Oh, no. I ____ it for the past two years. A. haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你还打篮球吗？——哦，不了。我已经有两年没有打过了。根据句中的for the last two years可知应与完成时态连用，又有时间是the last two years可知是从现在往前两年，因此应使用现在完成时态，故选A。【点评】考查动词时态中的for+段时间与完成时态连用，根据时间确定是现在完成还是过去完成。 3．All the skirts .They very well. A. sold out;are sold B. sell out;have sold C. have been sold out;sell D. have sold out;sell 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：所有的裙子都卖完了，他们非常畅销。第一空sell out“卖完”，强调裙子已经被卖完的状态，本句用现在完成时的被动语态：has/have+been+过去分词，sell 的过去分词为sold；第二空sell作“销售”解释时用主动语态，在此处表一直卖得很好的状态，用一般现在时。故选C。【点评】本题考查一般现在时和现在完成时的被动语态，注意sell的不同语态和用法。 4．—The drama series The Thunder （破冰行动） hits screens these days. —Oh. What a pity! I ____________ any of them yet, A. doesn't watch B. didn't watch C. won't watch D. haven't watched 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——连续剧《破冰行动》这些天正在霸屏。——哦。真遗憾！我任何一集也没有看过。根据Oh. What a pity!可知我没有看过。过去的动作对现在造成的影响和 yet也，常和现在完成时的否定结构连用，可知此处用现在完成时。故选D。【点评】此题考查现在完成时。注意yet常和现在完成时连用。

初中英语语法八大时态总结

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新概念第二册语法解析及练习：现在完成时

现在完成时： 1．构成：have / has + 过去分词 2．功能：（1）表示过去所发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。常与yet, just, before, recently, lately（最近）, ever, never等表时间的副词搭配使用。 ?. He hasn't seen her lately. ?. I haven't finished the book yet. （2）表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在并可能持续下去的动作，常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如：so far（迄今为止）, up till now（直到现在）, since, for a long time （很长时间）, up to present（直到现在）, in the past / in the last few years（在过去的几年里）, these days（目前）…… ?. He has worked here for 15 years. ?. I have studied English since I came here. ?. The foreigner has been away from China for a long time. ?. So far, I haven't received a single letter from my brother. （3）某些非延续性动词（即：动作开始便终止的动词），在现在完成时中不能与表示一段时间状语搭配。黄金要点：I．常见的非延续动词：die, arrive（到达）, join（加入）, leave（离开）, go, refuse （拒绝）, fail（失败）, finish, buy, marry, divorce（离婚）, awake（醒）, buy, borrow, lend ... II．这类动词并非不能用现在完成时，而是不能接常由for引导的时间状语。 III．但若是用在否定句中，非延续动词的现在完成时可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。?. She has gone away for a month.（误）?. She has been away for a month （正） ?. The man has died for two years.（误）?. The man has been dead for two years.（正）?. How long have you bought the book?（误）?. How long have you got the book.（正）

现在完成时专项练习题及答案

现在完成时专项练习题及答案一、单项选择。 1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they ________what's happened to him . Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know 2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ? Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still 3、Have you met Mr Li ______？Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago 4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year . Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written 5、—Our country ______ a lot so far . —Yes . I hope it will be even ______ . Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years . Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; study Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying 7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew

英语语法—现在进行时(基本)

现在进行时现在进行时表示动作发生的时间是“现在”，动作目前的状态是“正在进行中”。所谓“正在进行中”，是指在谈到这件事的时候，这个动作还在进行中。至于它是什么时候开始的，什么时候会停下来，不是我们关心的。所以“正在进行时”的事件，可能发生几年了，也可能只有几分钟。仍在进行中这是“正在进行时”的关键所在。它是一件持续进行的事情。定义：现在进行时的定义：现在进行时表示现在或当前一段时间正在进行的动作。可以表示有计划的未来，也就是用现在进行时表示将来。构成：现在进行时的构成是:主语+be+v.ing〔现在分词〕形式第一人称单数 I+am+doing+Sth. 第一人称复数 We+are+doing +Sth. 第二人称单(复)数Y ou+are+doing+Sth. 第三人称单数He（She，it）+is+doing+Sth. 第三人称复数They+are+doing +Sth. 肯定句:主语+be（is/am/are）+现在分词否定句：主语+be（is/am/are）+not+现在分词一般疑问句:be（is/am/are）+主语+现在分词特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+相应be动词+主语+现在分词+Sth

变化规则： 1.直接+ ing(例：sleep+ing sleeping) 2.去掉不发音的e+ing(例：bite-e+ing biting) 3.重读闭音节，且末尾只有1个辅音字母，双写辅音字母+ing (例：sit+t+ing sitting) 4.特殊变化：die-dying,lie-lying，tie-tying 5.不规则变化句型构成：现在进行时助动词be 动词的现在分词（ing形式）。 be的变化在现在时中，be 要根据人称代词和名词的单复数不同，而分别使用am/is/are，即：I am/he/she/it 包括单数名词和不可数名词用is,you/we/they 包括复数名词用are. 注意：be 动词在现在时里算作“助动词”，翻译正在进行时的时候，be不能解释为“是”，否则不通顺。它只是和现在分词一起构成“进行时”。现在分词加ing的规则现在分词是在动词后加上ing 构成。如:starting,working, coming, sitting 等都是现在分词。现在分词的变化规则是固定的，大家用心记一下就可以了。 (1)直接在谓语动词后加ing. 例如：going, starting, working. (2)去掉词尾不发音的e，再加ing. 例如leaving,dining.