八年级上册英语外研版(新)各模块知识点归纳总结(完美)

英语八年级上册重点知识点汇总

Module 1 How to learn English

1.pair n. (相关的)两个人，一对，一双，一副

e.g.A pair of teenage boys are watching a football game.

两个青少年正在看足球赛。

2．correct

（1）v. 改正，纠正

（2）adj.正确的；恰当的

3．advice

（1）n.意思是“意见，建议”，为不可数名词，可用some，much，a piece of，pieces of等修饰，不能说an advice或many/a few advices。

（2）表示“有关……的建议”时，用介词on，接名词、代词或由疑问词引导的不定式。

e.g.Let’s ask for his advice on what to do next.

我们去征求一下他的意见下一步该怎么办。

常见搭配：

take/follow one’s advice接受某人的建议

ask for advice 征求意见

accept/refuse one’s advice接受（拒绝）某人的建议

offer advice to sb. 向某人提供建议

拓展：

advise vt．建议

常见搭配：advise sb. to do sth.

advise that sb. (should) do sth.

e.g.My teacher advises me to leave now.

老师建议我现在就离开。

We advise measures（should）be taken to stop pollution at once.

我们建议立即采取措施以阻止污染。

4．We should always speak English in class.

我们应该总是在课堂上说英语。

should是情态动词，意思是“应该”。通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务。

should/shouldn’t do sth.

5．Let’s try to speak English as much as possible.

让我们一起尽可能地说英语。

（1）

e.g.They are trying to study English well.

他们正努力学好英语。

I am trying doing it in this way.

我正试着用这种方法做。

We should try/do our best to help the people in trouble.

我们应该尽最大努力帮助困境中的人们。

（2）译为“尽量”、“尽最大努力（可能）”，主要用于as...as possible/one can。

e.g.You should rest as much as possible.

你应当尽量多休息。

I have helped you as much as I can. Now it is up to you.

我已尽我所能地帮助你了。现在该看你自己了。

6．Each time you will learn something new. I also advise you to talk about the films or songs with your friends.

每次你将会学习一些新东西。我也建议你和朋友们谈论电影或歌曲。time的用法：

（1）time侧重指“时间”这一概念，或说明“时间”的量，time用作不可数名词，前面可much, little, a lot of, plenty of等修饰。

e.g.This saves time and allows farmers to grow an extra crop in each season. 这节省了时间，使农民能够在每个季节中多种点庄稼。

（2）当作“次数；倍数”讲时，time是可数名词。

e.g.I have been to Beijing three times.

我去过北京三次。

（3）time构成的短语：

at a time一次，每一次at one time曾经，一度at times /from time to tim 有时，偶尔all the time总是，一直in time及时，迟早on time准时（4）time构成的句型：

① It’s time for sb. to do sth./It’s (high) time sb. did sth.

该是某人干……的时间了。

It’s high time that we started.

我们该出发了。

② each time（每次），next time（下次），the first/last time（第一次/最后一次……的时候）等词组引导的时间状语从句。

14．I suggest you write four or five words a day on pieces of paper and place them in your room.

我建议你一天把四个或者五个单词写在纸上并且放在你的房间里。suggest，做动词，表示“建议，提议”的意思，对应的名词是suggestion。suggest的用法：

e.g. She suggested that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday.

她建议班会不要在星期六举行。

注意：当suggest表示“暗示，表明”的意思，它后面接宾语从句，谓语用真实的时态，而不用“should+动词原形”。

e.g.他脸上的表情表明他很开心。

（×）The expression on his face suggested that he should be very happy.（√）The expression on his face suggested that he was very happy.

Module 2 My home town and my country

1．It is on the River Cam and has a population of about 120,000.

它（剑桥）位于康河河畔，人口约为12万。

population n. 意思是“人口，居民”，它是一个集体名词，它的用法有时较为特殊, 所以很容易用错。

① population常与定冠词the连用，作主语用时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。

e.g.The world’s population is increasing faster and faster.

②当主语是表示“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时，谓语动词用复数形式。

e.g.About seventy percent of the population in China are farmers.

③有时population可用作可数名词，其前可用不定冠词。

e.g.China has a population of about 1.3 billion.

=There is a population of about 1.3 billion in China.

④表示人口的“多”或“少”,不用“much”或“little”,而要用“large”或“small”。

e.g.India has a large population.

Singapore has a small population.

⑤询问某国、某地有多少人口时，不用“How much...？”，而用“How large...？”。在问具体人口时用“What...？”。

e.g.—What is the population of Canada？

= How large is the population of Canada？

—The population of Canada is about 29 million.

2．It has a population of about seven and a half million, so it is bigger and busier than Cambridge.

（1）million是数词，意思是“百万”。它的用法如下：

①当与具体数字连用时，习惯上用单数，而且后也不接介词of。

e.g.three million people 三百万人

He was prepared to pay two million.

他愿意支付200万。

但是，后面的名词有了the, these, those等特指限定词修饰时，或其后的接的是us, them 这样的人称代词时，则此时必须用介词of。

e.g.About three million of them have left there.

他们当中约有三百万人离开了那儿。

②当不与具体数字连用，而是表示不确定的泛指数时，则不仅要用复数，而且要后接介词of，然后才能接名词。

e.g.A careless mistake cost the company millions of pounds.

一个粗心的错误使公司蒙受数百镑的损失。

拓展：与million有相同用法的数词还有：hundred（百）, thousand（千）, billion（十亿）。

本节课主要学习形容词的比较级的规则变化及用法。

（1）规则变化：

（2）形容词比较级用法

①表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级，最明显的提示词是than，其结构为“A…+比较级+than+B”。

e.g.L i Lei’s room is bigger than mine.

This mooncake is nicer than that one.

②有表示程度的副词a little，a bit，a few，a lot，much，even，still，far，rather，any等修饰时，用形容词比较级。

e.g.I feel even worse now.

It is much colder today than before.

③比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。

e.g.I am two years older than he.

This building is 20 meters higher than that one.

④表示“两者之间最……一个(of the two)”时，常用“the+比较级”结构。

e.g.Mary is the taller of the twins.

⑤表示“越来越……”，用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+and+比较级”，多音节词和部分双音节词时用“more and more+形容词原级”。

e.g.It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring.

Our home town is becoming more and more beautiful.

⑥表示“越……就越……”时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。

e.g.The busier he is, the happier he feels.

Module 3 Sports

形容词和副词的比较级的规则变化和不规则变化

（1）规则变化：

（2）不规则变化：

Module 4 Planes, ships and trains

形容词最高比较级用法

①表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围。（of表示同范围，in表示不同范围）

e.g.He is the strongest of the three boys.

Shanghai is the biggest city in China.

②表示在三者或三者以上的人或物进行选择时，用“Which/Who i s+the+最高级，A，B or C？”结构。

e.g.Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou？

③表示“最……的……之一”时，用“one of the+形容词最高级”结构，该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式。

e.g.Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers.

④形容词最高级前面可以加序数词，表示“第几最……”。

e.g.The Changjiang River is the first longest river in China.

⑤形容词最高级前面可以有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格等修饰，但此时不能再用定冠词the。

e.g.This is our last lesson today.

⑥形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。

e.g.Li Lei is the tallest student in his class.

=Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.

=Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class.

=Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class.

Module 5 Lao She Teahouse

重点知识讲解

1．offer

（1）做动词，意思是“提供；提议；提出”。常用的搭配：

① offer sth.

e.g.Many people willingly offered their blood. 很多人自愿献血。

② offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb. 把某物给予某人

e.g.The young man offered the old man his own seat on the bus.

=The young man offered his own seat to the old man on the bus.

③ offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事

e.g.She offered to lend me her bike.

（2）做名词，表示愿做某事或给予某物(后接of/to do sth) 。

e.g.Thank you for your kind offer of helping me.

= Thank you for your kind offer to help me.

2.Show show做及物动词，意为“展示；显示；给……看”，show后可接双宾语。

① show sb. sth.或show sth. to sb.给某人看或者展示某物

e.g.Show me your pen, please.

=Show your pen to me, please.

Show your tickets, please.请出示车票。

注意：在“show+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构中，若直接宾语为指物的代词it或them时，只能用“show it(them) to sb.”结构。

你有一支钢笔，请给我看看。

You have a new pen, please show it to me. √

You have a new pen, please show me it. ×

②意为“带领”，常构成短语show sb. to, 意为“带某人去……”；show sb. around，意为“带某人参观”。

e.g.Please show me to your school. 请带我到你们学校去。

Uncle Wang is going to show us around his farm.

③ show+ that从句看出或者显示说明……

e.g.Your homework shows that you are careful.

从你的作业上可以看出你很认真。

此外，show还可用作名词，意为“展览；陈列；演出”，常构成短语on show，意为“陈列，展览” 。

e.g.There is going to be a picture show in our school.

His pictures are on show now.他的画现在正在展览。

3．If you like the Beijing Opera, traditional music or magic shows, you can enjoy them at the teahouse.

（1）这个句子是一个由if引导的条件状语从句。if是连词，意思是“如果；若”。主句是you can enjoy them at the teahouse，从句是you like the Beijing opera, traditional music or magic shows。

思考：如何使用if条件状语从句呢？

①在句中做条件状语的从句是条件状语从句，可以放在句首，也可以放在句末。常见的if条件状语从句表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生。紧跟在if后面的句子是从句。

e.g.If you ask him，he will help you．

②另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。

e.g.If I were you，I would invite him to the party．

③ if：当“是否”讲时，引导宾语从句。

e.g.I don’t know if he will be free tomorrow.

注意：if引导的条件状语从句中，如果主句使用的是一般将来时，或含有情态动词的句子或祈使句，从句通常用一般现在时。

e.g.If it rains tomorrow, we will not go to the zoo.

如果明天下雨的话，我们将不去动物园。

If he comes, let me know.

如果他来，让我知道。

（从句用一般现在时，主句是祈使句）

难点知识讲解：动词不定式（I）

（1）动词不定式的含义

We decided to stay for a cup of tea.

I tried to understand the words.

I want to go to the teahouse.

这三个句子中使用了decide to do sth.，want to do sth.，try to do sth.的表达方式，即行为动词后的动词都采用了“to+动词原形”的结构。我们把这种结构称为动词不定式。其否定形式是“not to do”。

（2）动词不定式作宾语的用法

常见的后面接“to十动词原形”作宾语的动词有：plan, decide, hope, want, agree, offer, try, like, love等。

口诀（接不定式作宾语的动词）

想要学习早打算（want learn plan）

快准备有希望（prepare hope wish expect）

同意否供选择（agree offer choose）

决定了已答应（decide determine promise）

尽力去着手做（manage undertake）

别拒绝别假装（refuse pretend）

失败不是属于你（fail）

e.g.Tom refused to lend me his pen.

We hope to get there before dark.

The girl decided to do it herself.

注意：某些及物动词可用-ing也可用动词不定式作宾语，但意义不同的有：

Module 6 Animals in danger

1.形容词变成副词的规律。

一般在形容词的词尾加-ly可以变成副词。例如：quick—quickly, slow—slowly, loud—loudly, sudden—suddenly等。

特殊情况：

温馨提示：副词修饰行为动词这一点。如：

He is very ________(careful).

He does everything ________(carefully)

第一句中是作表语，用形容词careful；第二句中修饰行为动词does用副词carefully。

常考的形容词和副词辨析有：hard 努力——hardly 几乎不；late迟的，晚的——lately 近来；deep 深——deeply 深深地；near靠近——nearly 差不多；wide 宽——widely 广泛地；high高的——highly 高度地；close 靠近的——closely 密切地；free免费的——freely 自由地。

典例剖析：

Tom studies ________ but his sister ________ studies.

A．hard，hard B．hardly，hardly

M7 A famous story

1. a girl called Alice.

此处called为过去分词，修饰girl，放在名词之后。相当于named. 2.fall down 跌倒，掉下fall behind 跟不上，落在……后面

fall into 落入……中fall off 从……上掉下来fall back 退回

fall asleep 入睡fall ill 生病

3. It was sitting in a tree and smiling at everyone.

in a tree (外来物或人)在树上

on a tree (树上本身有的东西：apple等)在树上

smile at sb 对sb微笑

4.“到达”的表达：

arrive in+大地点get to +地点reach +地点

at+小地点(get home\there\here)

举办茶会

6. To see if you remember the story.

To see 为不定式，在此处作目的状语，表示“为了看看”

If引导的是一个宾语从句，表示“是否”，不充当任何成分，与whether可以互换

7. have nothing to do 没什么事可做nothing\something to eat\drink nothing 作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数

8. once or twice=from time to time 偶尔

Eg：Once or twice he goes to school on foot.

once 一次twice 两次三次及以上：数词+times three times six times

9. what……for?=why……? 为什么? ；……有什么用?

10. nothing strange 没什么奇怪的事

形容词strange作后置定语，修饰不定代词nothing。在英语中，当形容修饰不定代词something\anything\nothing\everything等时，形容词必须放在不定代词后面，作后置定语。

11. hear sb do sth 听到sb 做sth(此处是省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，类似的有make\let\have\help sb do sth 等)

hear sb doing sth 听到sb 正在做sth

Eg：I heard her play the piano in the next room just now.

I hear someone singing in the room.

12.take sth out of sp 把sth从sp掏出

rush\jump out of sp 从sp冲\跳出去

13. across 表示动作是在物体的表面进行，如过河，过桥，过马路。

through 表示动作是在物体的内部空间进行，如穿过森林、门、隧道，光线射入等

Eg：Be careful to look both ways before you go across the road.

The driver must slow down when they drive through the tunnel. 14. too……to…… 太……而不能……

拓展：(1) too……to……可以和so……that……互换

Eg：She is too young to go to school.

=She is so young that she can’t go to school.

(2) too……to……可以和not……enough to……互换(not后的形容

词与too后的形容词是相反的)

Eg：She is too young to go to school.

=She is not old enough to go to school.

15. land on 落到……上；着陆

Eg：The plane will land on the island in five minutes.

16. 宾语从句：

(1) 定义：在主从复合句中，充当宾语成分的从句就叫做宾语从句。

(2) 位置：常在及物动词或介词之后。

(3) 引导词：

●that 无意义，不充当任何成分，常可以省略；

●if\whether表示“是否”，不充当任何成分，两者可以互换，但有or not

时只能用whether；

●who\what\where\when\why等表示“谁”、“什么”、“哪里”、“何时”、

“为什么”，分别可以充当主语、宾语、地点状语、时间状语和原因状语，不可以省略。

(4) 语序：陈述句语序，即“主语+谓语”

(5) 时态：

●当主句为现在或将来时态时，宾语从句可以使用任何时态；

●当主句为过去时态时，宾语从句可以使用过去的某种时态(一般过

去时，过去进行时等)；

●当主句为过去时态时，宾语从句表示一种客观真理、事实时，用

一般现在时。

Eg：I know (that) you met him yesterday.

He asked if I would come.

I don’t understand what you say.

He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.

The teacher said that light travels faster than sound.

M8 Accidents

1. on the phone 通过电话通话(on 表示“通过”)

2. look pale 看起来很苍白

此处look作为半系动词，后跟adj. 常见的半系动词有

taste\smell\sound\feel.

3. listen 听(强调听的过程，后接宾语时需加to,即listen to……)

hear 听到(强调听到的结果，后接do或doing)

Eg：We should listen to the teachers carefully.

I hear someone singing in the next room. (我听到有人正在隔壁房间

唱歌)

I hear someone sing in the next room. (我听到有人在隔壁房间唱歌)

4.appear(v.) 出现→ appearance(n.)disappear(v.) 消失

5. hit 撞击；打

此外，hit 还可以作名词，表示“轰动一时的成功”

Eg：His song made a hit.

6. be glad to do sth 很高兴去做sth

7. in time 及时

on time 准时，按时

Eg：I hope you can come back in time.

Please hand in your homework on time.

8. fall off=fall down from 从……摔下来你fall asleep 入睡 fall into 掉入 fall in love with sb 爱上某人fall behind 落在……后面

9. the risk of ……的风险 side by side 肩并肩

pay attention to注意……(to 是一个介词，后接名词或doing)

Eg：We should pay more attention to developing economy.

10. sometimes 有时 some times 几次；几倍

sometime (将来或过去)某个时候 some time 一段时间

11. try to do sth 试图去做某事try one’s best to do sth 尽某人全力去做

某事 have a try 试一试

Eg：The little boy tries to go across the road by himself.

We should try our best to save the animals in danger.

Do you have a try?

12. pick up 捡起，拾起(代词只能放中间，名词放在中间或后面均可) pick sb up (开车)接某人 pick sth up 学会某事

Eg：After school, his father drives his car to pick him up everyday.

Mike picked up a few words of Chinese last summer.

13. call sb call up=ring up 打电话给sb call on 拜访sb

14. take photos 照相

15. hide—hid—hidden 隐藏 hide up 包庇(坏人)

hide sth from sb 瞒着某人某事hide out 躲藏

16. throw—threw—thrown 扔；抛 throw away 抛弃

throw about 到处乱扔 throw at 向……扔去

17. As he was lying there in great pain,Henry suddenly remember the photo. lie 此处为不及物动词，意为“躺”。其过去式、过去分词分别为lay，lain；现在分词为lying。

He was lying on the bed.

lie 的其他用法：①不及物动词，意为“说谎”。过去式、过去分词均为lied；现在分词为lying。lie to sb 向sb撒谎Eg：Don’t lie to me.

②不及物动词，意为“位于”。此时其过去式、过去分词分别为lay，lain；现在分词为lying。

Shandong lies in the east of China. 山东位于中国东部。

18. hurry up hurry to do sth in a hurry

19. as 当……时=when\while as……as 与……一样

not as\so……as与……不一样

as……as possible尽可能=as……as sb can\could as soon as 一……就

20. send sth to sb=send sb sth show sth to stb=show sb sth

21. use A to do B 用A去做B → A be used to do B A被用来做B

get\be used to doing 习惯于做sth used to do sth 过去常常做sth Eg：We can use the bamboo to make a basket.

He is\gets used to getting up early.

He used to get up early.

22. on one’s way to 在sb去……路上 get in the way 妨碍

in this way 用这种方法by the way 顺便问下in a way 在某种程度take off (飞机)起飞；脱下(衣服)

make a decision to do sth=decide to do sth 决定做某事

语法全解：

when和while 都表示主从句的动作或状态同时发生，但二者意义不尽相同。

1. when引导的从句可表示时间点，也可表示时间段，从句的位于动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词；while引导的从句通常表示时间段，从句中宜用延续性动词作谓语。

They arrived while we were watching TV.

2. 含有when引导的时间状语的主从复合句，如果主句用过去进行时，从句应该用一般过去式，表示一个动作正在进行的时候另一个动作发生，强调后一动作发生的突然性。

We were watching TV when suddenly the lights went off.

3. 当主从句的动作都是延续的或同时发生，主从句都用过去进行时的时候，从句多用while引导。

They were reading while we were writing .

4. 如果表示从句的动作在主句的动作“之前”或“之后”发生时，多用when，不用while。

此外，when还含有“at the moment “的意思，此时引导的句子不能放在句首，也不能用while来替换

主谓一致判断法

主谓一致是指在一个英语句子中，主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致，这种一致性体现在联系动词be和助动词do, have的人称和数上，以及实义动词的第三人称单数上

1.不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式

2. 动名词或动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式

3. Either…or… : neither…nor…: not only…but also…: 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词与邻近的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。

4.在here /there 开头的倒装句中，谓语动词与后面的珠玉在数上保持一致。

M9 Population

1. noise (n.) 噪音noisy(adj.) 吵闹的make noise 发出噪音

voice 指嗓音(人说话或唱歌) sound 指一切声音

2. prepare 准备prepare for 为……做准备prepare to do sth 准备去做某事.

3. report 报告；报道make a report 做报告reporter 记者，通讯员notes 名词复数形式“笔记随笔” make notes 记笔记

4.such as \for example 例如，比如

too much+不可数名词much too+adj. 太……too many+可数名词5. increase by+倍数\百分数增加了……

to+具体增长后的数字增加到……

Eg：The number of teachers increased by twice.

The population of the town increased to 50000.

7. be born in+年份\地点I was born in 1985.

of+家庭He was born of a rich family.

8. one fifth 五分之一

分数的表达法：分子在前，用基数词；分母在后，用序数词。当分子大于1时，分母需要用复数如：two thirds

9. hang on a minute. 稍等

10. quiet (adj.) 安静的;宁静的 quietly(adv.) 安静地quite ( adv.)相当，十分

11. close to=next to 靠近，挨着

12. move to 移到

13. It be +adj. to do sth

one of + 可数名词复数……之一(谓语动词用单数)

14. local 当地的close down 关闭

15. It takes sb st to do sth

sb spend(s) st\sm on sth /(in) doing sth

sth cost(s) sb sm

sb pay sth for sm

16. public services 公共服务 a public telephone 公用电话

in public 在公共场合the public 公众

17. in fact 事实上all over the world 全世界

18. face danger 面对危险face to face 面对面地make a face 做鬼脸

as a result 结果是；因此

19. die from 由于……而死(死于外因，如事故等)

die of 因……而死(死于内因，如疾病等)

Eg：He died from an accident.

A lot of people died of cancers

20. leave 离开(某地)

① leave for+目的地前往(目的地) 启程去某地

I’ll leave for Shanghai next week.

② leave 还有“忘了带，留下”之意

I left my book at home .

21. 辨析：job 与work

job （cn）指具体的职业或零工

work（un）指人们日常生活和工作中从事的体力或脑力劳动【Grammer】:

冠词：是限定的一种词，不能单独使用，常用于修饰名词。冠词有三种形式：不定冠词（a/an）, 定冠词（the）和零冠词（/）。

● 1.不定冠词的用法

不定冠词用来修饰可数名词单数，指人或物种的某一个或某一类，但不具体说明是何人何物。

不定冠词的常见用法有：

①表示“一个”的概念。Population is a big problem for cities .

②表示“每一“的概念，相当于every 。I watch TV once a week .

③首次提到的某人或某物，不定冠词起介绍作用。A student wants to ask you some questions

④某些固定短语中，要用不定冠词。have a good time have a

look have a rest

●2.定冠词的用法

①指前文中提到过的人或物。I have a dog . The dog is black .

②特指某人或某物。The girl with long hair is my younger sister .

③指说话双方都知道的人或物I had to write the same report last term .

④用于专有名词前。the Great Wall the Pacific Ocean

⑤用于世界上独一无二的事物前。the sun the moon

⑥用于姓氏复数形式之前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇二人”。the Smiths

⑦用于形容词最高级前。the biggest city

⑧用于序数词前。the first boy

⑨用于西洋乐器名词前。play the piano

⑩某些形容词前加定冠词the ，表示一类人或物。the young the old ⑾用于某些固定短语中: in the morning the day after tomorrow

●3.零冠词的用法

①在球类活动，学科名词前以及节日，月份，星期前不用冠词。Tom can play volleyball .

②名词前已有指示代词，物主代词，不定代词或数词等作定语时名词前不用冠词

There are many books in her schoolbag.

③在某些固定短语或习惯用语中不用冠词

by bus have breakfast at home at night

『注意』:

在某些短语中，名词前用冠词和不用冠词的意义有所不同。

in hospital in the hospital at table at the table in

class in the class

数字: 分为基数词和序数词。本模块中，我们重点学习数字的读法。在英语中，每三位数字为一个单位，按照百，十，个位向下读。而进位的读法则为thousand, million , billion向上递增。

数次的常见用法：

①分数表达法

在英语中，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子是1时，分母用原形；当分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。

1/3 ：one thirds 2/3 : two thirds

②百分数的表达

百分数用percent 表示，符号为% 如：5% 读作five present .

M10 The weather

1.关于天气的单词：

名词 cloud rain snow sun wind fog

形容词 cloudy rainy snowy sunny windy foggy

2.Are you coming with us?

这是一个用现在进行时表示将来的句子，在英语中，如

go\come\arrive\leave等可以用现在进行时表示按计划或安排将来发生的动作。

Eg：My father is arriving in England tomorrow.

3.Are you joking?

joke n. 笑话；玩笑play a joke on sb make a joke of\about sb

v. 开玩笑

4. minus 减去零下(温度)

Eg：Two minus one is one.

The temperature is minus 3 degrees.

5.although 尽管；虽然(although与but不能连用)

Eg：It isn’t warm toda y, although the sun is shining.

6. what’s the weather like (in sp)?

询问天气还可以用how is the weather (in sp)?

weather 是不可数名词，不可以用a\an修饰

7.as well 也；还(放句末) too也(放句末) also 也，而且(放句中)

8. neither……nor……既不……也不……(两者都不) either……or……或者……或者……(两者之一)

这两个短语在判断主谓一致时遵循就近原则。

Eg：Either he or I clean the blackboard.

9. probably 可能，或许可能性大→小：probably →perhaps→ maybe

10. come on的用法：

“快点”催促别人快走或快做Come on, it is gettingλ dark.

“来吧”用来鼓励，劝说别人Come on, Lucy. Don’t be shy.λ

“加油”用于比赛场合Come on, Class Six.

11. better get going.= had better g now. 最好现在就走

had better do sth 最好做sth

Eg：It’s late now, we had better hurry up.

12. bring sth to sp 把sth带到sp来

take sth to sp 把sth带到sp去

Eg：Don’t forget to bring your homework to me tomorrow.

Please take these books to the library for me.

13. get cooler, turn gold

此处get\turn都表示“变得”另外become\go\grow也可以表示“变得”Eg：The winter is coming, it gets colder and colder.

14. take photo of 拍……照片all year round 全年

15. compared to = compared with 和……相比较

Eg：I compared my computer to\with hers.

16. from time to time 时常，偶尔at the same time 同时

in time 及时on time 按时have a good time 玩得开心

17. 时间+later=after +时间……以后

Eg：Two years later he left our school=He left our school after two years.

18. join 加入(党、军队、组织等)

join in 参加(小规模的活动，如游戏等)

Eg：When did you join the Party?

Come and join in the match.

19. the best time to do sth 做sth的最好时间

the first time to do sth 第一次做sth

Eg：The best time to visit Harbin is in winter.

The first time to visit Harbin is in 2012.

GRAMMER:

情态动词本身有一定的词义，为谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为有可能，应该或有必要等。情态动词无人称和数的变化，其后接的动词需用原形，否定式是在情态动词后加上not.

一．当我们想表达可能发生某事以及某人可能做某事时，可以用

may/might.

You may /might be right .

He may/might tell his wife .

May与might 没有太大区别，形式上might 是may的过去式，但在表示将来的可能情况时，might表示的可能性比may 表示的可能性还要小。They may come tomorrow .

There might be some rain tomorrow morning.

二．①possible 表示可能性

形容词possible 表示可能性，常用句型有：

It is possible to do sth .

It is possible that …

EG:

Is it possible to finish the work today ？

It is possible that it’ll be snowy tomorrow.

②probably 和possible 都表示可能性

Probably和possible 都表示可能性。Probably 表示“很可能” ，它所表示的可能性比possibly 大。

常用句型有：

主语+ will + probably/possibly +v. +…

EG:

It’ll probably be sunny and hot.

Mr. Wang will possibly agree.

Module 11 Way of life

1. a chess set一副国际象棋

2.video game电子游戏

3. do some cleaning打扫卫生

4. bad luck倒霉

5. the Spring Festival春节

6. get married结婚

7. for example例如

8. for the first time首次;初次

9. shake hands握手10. have afternoon tea喝下午茶11. light meal便餐;便饭12. be different from 与……不同13. each other互相14. on time准时;按时15. look up查寻16. at the age of在……岁时17. clean up打扫干净18. wash up洗刷;饭后洗餐

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offer advice to sb. 向某人提供建议拓展： advise vt．建议常见搭配：advise sb. to do sth. advise that sb. (should) do sth. teacher advises me to leave now. 老师建议我现在就离开。 We advise measures（should）be taken to stop pollution at once. 我们建议立即采取措施以阻止污染。 4．We should always speak English in class. 我们应该总是在课堂上说英语。 should是情态动词，意思是“应该”。通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务。 should/shouldn’t do sth. should work harder. 他应该更加努力。 You should help your mother with the housework. 你们应该帮妈妈做家务。 5．Let’s try to speak English as much as possible. 让我们一起尽可能地说英语。（1） are trying to study English well. 他们正努力学好英语。

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