2014年职称英语考试综合A全真模拟试题

2014年全国职称英语等级考试综合类（A级）

全真模拟试卷

第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题l分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1With immense relief, I stopped running.

A some

B enormous

C little

D extensive

2The scientists began to accumulate data.

A collect

B handle

C analyze

D investigate

3Jack eventually overtook the last truck.

A hit

B passed

C reached

D led

4Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advance.

A possible

B profitable

C easy

D wise

5The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle.

A fact

B mystery

C statement

D game

6That guy is really witty.

A smart

B ugly

C honorable

D popular

7The world champion suffered a sensational defeat.

A reasonable

B dramatic

C humiliating

D horrifying

8It seems that only Mary is eligible. for the job.

A prepared

B trained

C qualified

D guided

9This poem depicts the beautiful scenery of a town in the South.

A praises

B writes

C imitates

D describes

10 The meaning is still obscure.

A vague

B transparent

C alien

D significant

11 Dumped waste might contaminate water supplies.

A destroy

B decrease

C delay

D pollute

12 One theory postulates that the ancient Filipinos came from India and Persia.

A assumes

B expects

C predicts

D considers

13 It is very difficult for a child to adhere to rules.

A remember

B follow

C understand

D learn

14 I hope that I didn’t do anything absurd 1ast night.

A awkward

B strange

C stupid

D awful

15 There should be laws that prohibit smoking around children.

A forbid

B advocate

C inherit

D withdraw

第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题l分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

What is Globalization?

It was the anti-globalization movement that really put globalization on the map. As a word it has existed since the l 960s, but the protests against this allegedly new process, which its opponents condemn as a way of ordering people's lives, brought globalization out of the financial and academic worlds and into everyday current affairs.

In the late l980s and early l990s, the business model called the “globalized” financial market came to be seen as an entity that could have more than just an economic impact on the parts of the world It touched. Globalization came to be seen as more than simply a way of doing business, or running financial markets-it became a process. From then on the word took on a life of its own.

So how does the globalized market work? It is modern communications that make it possible；for the British service sector to deal with its customers through a call centre in India, or for a sportswear（运动服）manufacturer to design its products in Europe, make them in south. east Asia and sell them in north America.

But this is where the anti—globalization side gets stuck in（关注）. If these practices replace domestic economic life with an economy that is heavily influenced or controlled from overseas. then the creation of a globalized economic model and the process of globalization can also be seen as a surrender of power to the corporations, or a means of keeping poorer nations in their place.

Not everyone agrees that globalization is necessarily evil, or that globalized corporations are running the lives of individuals or are more powerful than nations. Some say that the spread of globalization, free markets and free trade into the developing world is the best way to beat poverty - the only problem is that free markets and free trade do not yet truly exist.

Globalization can be seen as a positive, negative or even marginal process. And regardless of whether it works for good or ill, globalization's exact meaning will continue to be the subject of debate among those who oppose, Support or simply observe it.

16 Globalization is a term used only in the financial and academic worlds.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

17 Globalization can be best understood as a way of doing business.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

18 Modern communications play an important role in globalization.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

19 Britain has benefited quite a lot from globalization.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

20 The opponents believe that globalization will keep the poorer nations in poverty.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

21 The opponents think that globalized corporations have more power than nations.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

22 Free markets and free trade will eventually prevail.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题l分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5

段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

A New Citizenship Test

1Last week, a sample of the new US citizenship（公民身份）exam was released by the US Citizenship and Immigration Services（US-CIS）. It will be tried out in 10 cities early next year to replace the current test in 2008. Instead of asking how many stripes the US flag has, as the current test does, the new one asks why there are l3 stripes. Instead of having to name the branches of government, an applicant is asked to explain why there are three.

2“The goal is to make it more meaningful.” explains Emilio Gonzalez, director of the US-CIS. Immigrants who pass it are expected to have a better “understanding and respect” for US civic（公民的）values, Gonzalez says.

3The US isn't the only country dealing with citizenship tests that aim to get a “shared commitment” from immigrants for their adopted country's “values”. In recent years, in addition to the usual requirement of language/work skills and economic status, several European countries have adopted citizenship tests. Britain introduced a new citizenship test last November. In March, a new Dutch law took effect requiring all would-be immigrants to take a citizenship test. it involved watching a video showing nude（裸体的）women bathing at beaches and gay（同性恋的）men kissing in public. The aim was to ensure that “newcomers will be comfortable with the country’s liberal social mores（风俗）”.

4Europe has been known for welcoming immigrants for decades. But, today, the fact is that some immigrants are kept apart from local citizens by culture and they become hostile to each other. Promoting integration has become a major concern for European countries, after the rioting in Muslim ghettoes（少数民族聚居区）in France and the killing of Dutch public figures by religious extremists.

5Officials believe that a person's attachment to, a country can be tested by his or her knowledge of the country. However, some critics say that the changes can do little to help people assimilate （同化）themselves. “Immigration is a culture war today. Is giving a new test the right way to lessen the accusations in that fight?”says Ali Noorani, of the Massachusetts Immigrant and Refugee Advocacy Coalition（难民辩护联盟）.

23Paragraph 2_____________

24Paragraph 3_____________.

25Paragraph 4_____________

26Paragraph 5_____________.

A Preparation for taking a citizenship test

B Citizenship tests in European countries

C Importance of promoting integration

D Necessity to know the branches of government

E Different views on the new citizenship test

F Goal of the new citizenship test

27The questions in the new citizenship test are more difficult____.

28Would-be immigrants to the US are expected____.

29In the Dutch citizenship test, all would-be immigrants are required____.

30Some people fear that changes in the citizenship test will do little____

A to know a lot more about the county

B to watch a video

C to help immigrants accept the new culture

D to marry American citizens

E to do low-skill jobs

F to answer

第4部分：阅读理解（第31—45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。第一篇

Narrow Escape

We had left the hut too late that morning. When we stepped outside, the sky beyond the mountains to our east was already livid with colour.1 It meant the day would be a hot one, and the warmth would loosen rocks that were gripped by ice.

As soon as we stepped out on to the face, it became obvious this was going to be an awkward route. The main problem was talus, the debris that collects on mountainsides. Talus is despised by mountaineers for two reasons. First, because it can easily be pushed off on to you by people climbing above. And second, because it makes every step you take insecure.

For about 30 minutes we moved steadily up the face. The rock was in poor condition, shattered horizontally and mazed with cracks. When I tried to haul myself up on a block of it, it would pull out towards me, like a drawer opening. My hands became progressively wetter and colder2. Then came a shout. "Cailloux! Cailloux!" I heard yelled from above, in a female voice. The words echoed down towards us. I looked up to see where they had come from.

There were just two rocks at first, leaping and bounding down the face towards us, once cannoning off each other in mid-air. And then the air above suddenly seemed alive with falling rocks, humming through the air and filling it with noise. Crack, went each one as it leapt off the rock face, then hum-hum-hum as it moved through the air, then crack again. The pause between the cracks lengthened each time, as the rocks gained momentum and jumped further and further. I continued to gaze up at the rocks as they fell and skipped towards me. A boy who had been a few years above me at school had taught me never to look up during a rock fall. "Why? Because

a rock in your face is far less pleasant than a rock on your helmet," he told us. "Face in, always face in."

I heard Toby, my partner on the mountain that day, shouting at me. I looked across. He was safe beneath an overhanging canopy of rock. I could not understand him. Then I felt a thump, and was tugged backwards and round, as though somebody had clamped a heavy hand on my shoulder and turned me to face them. A rock had hit the lid of my rucksack.

I looked up again. A rock was heading down straight towards me. Instinctively, I leant backwards and arched my back out from the rock to try to protect my chest. What about my fingers, though, I thought: they'll be crushed flat if it hits them, and I'll never get down. Then I heard a crack directly in front of me, and a tug at my trousers, and a yell from Toby."Are you all right? That went straight through you."The rock had pitched in front of me, and passed through the hoop of my body, between my legs, missing me but snatching at my clothing as it went.

Toby and I had spent the evening talking through the events of the morning: what if the big final stone hadn't leapt sideways, what if I'd been knocked off, would you have held me, would I have pulled you off? A more experienced mountaineer would probably have thought nothing of it. I knew I would not forget it.

1. Why was it “too late” by the time they left the hut in the morning?

A) It would be uncomfortable climbing in hot weather.

B) The livid colour of the sky would hurt their eyes.

C) Rocks loosened by melting ice could be dangerous.

D) They wouldn't be able to walk on the melting ice.

2. The first reason given to explain why mountaineers hate talus is_______.

A) that climbers above you might cause it to fall on you

B) that it allows people climbing above you to push off

C) that it makes people climbing above you feel insecure

D) that it can cause other people to push you off the mountain

3. What is likely to be the meaning of "Cailloux"?

A) Rocks are flying through the air.

B) Rocks are falling.

C) There are loose rocks on the ground ahead.

D) There are rocks everywhere.

4. What is sarcastic in the words of the boy in paragraph four?

A) He didn't keep his ''face in".

B) Not every climber wears a helmet.

C) It is very difficult not to look up during a rockfall.

D) Being hit by a rock isn't "pleasant" at all.

5. In what sense was Toby "safe"?

A) The overhanging rock would protect him from falling rocks.

B) He felt a hand on his shoulder.

C) His rucksack was protected.

D) He had hidden under a canopy.

第二篇

Doubtful Ways to Reduce and Increase Y our Weight

You hear this：“No wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat.” You feel sad: “I skip my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do?” Basically you can do nothing. Your genes, not your life habits, determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.

Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that, “80 percent of the children of two obese（肥胖的）parents become obese, as compared with no more than l4 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight. ”

How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well, dieting can be effective, but the health costs are tremendous. Jules Hirsch, a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day. After more than 10 weeks, the subjects lost 45kg on average. But after leaving the hospital, they all regained weight. The results were surprising: by metabolic（新陈代谢的）measurement, fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems. They dreamed of food or breaking their diet. They were anxious and depressed; some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms. Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn’t result in normal weight, but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non-obese people.

Thin people however, suffer from the opposite：They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims, of the University of Vermont, got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months, they ate as much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by

20 to 25 percent. But months after the study ended, they were back to normal weight and stayed there.

This does not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight.

The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true - each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.

36What determines your weight?

A Your working manner.

B Your eating habit,

C Your life style.

D Your genes.

37What did Jules Hirsch do to the eight fat people in his study?

A He let them skip supper.

B He let them skip breakfast.

C He let them run every morning and evening.

D He gave them a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.

38What happened to the eight fat people after they left the hospital?

A They went mad.

B They killed themselves.

C They were back to normal weight.

D They attempted suicide.

39Ethan Sims made his subjects

A battle their genetic inheritance.

B increase their weight.

C suffer from hunger.

D lower their weight.

40What did scientists think was true?

A Each person has a fixed weight range.

B Each person has a weight range of 9kg.

C Each person wants to control his or her weight.

D Each person wants to eat to his or her heart's content.

第三篇

Shaming Punishments

Last month, James Connolly, a junior at the University of Massachusetts, stood in front of a local police station wearing a toga（长袍）as punishment.

His crime? He was charged with underage drinking, illegal possession of alcohol and

excessive noise while holding a party.

This shaming punishment has increased in the US in recent years, mostly imposed by local judges for less-serious crimes, such as drunk driving and theft.

They believe shame is the best petty crime deterrent（威慑）. For example, in Tennessee, Judge James McKenzie has made shoplifters（商店货物扒手）stand outside Wal-Mart with signs that read. “I am a thief put here by order of Judge McKenzie”.

“Alternative punishments like community service and fines don't convey moral condemnation（谴责）of the criminal, ”said D an Kahan, a University of Chicago Law School professor, in an article published on the university's website. “They aren't shameful enough.”

Shaming punishments are sometimes called Scarlet（红色的）Letter punishments. The name comes from US author Nathaniel H awthorne’s l 850 novel The Scarlet Letter. In this novel, a woman is forced to wear a scarlet “A” on her clothes as punishment for her adultery（通奸）.

However, University of lowa law professor Andrew Hosmanek said there is an important difference between the shaming punishments of colonial America and those assigned in states like Tennessee.

“Early societies often had a 're-acceptance' ceremony to welcome the offender back into main society,” says Hosmanek. “Contemporary punishments in America lack this.”

Supporters of shaming punishment argue that public shaming is a good way of

expressing community values. Some judges say shamed offenders seldom repeat their

crimes.

Others aren’t so sure. “There is little evidence to suggest that shaming punishm ents are successful in preventing people from committing specific crimes. And a shamed criminal may face a hard battle to regain credibility in society,”said Hosmanek. “So, a shaming punishment may force the offender into more crime to support himself.”

Experts also debate shaming punishment’s damage to human dignity. “Since the point is to shame, it's of course degrading（侮辱人格的）, ” said Linda Malone, director of the Human Rights and National Security Law Programme at William and Mary Law School.

“US l aw only prohibits punishment that is 'cruel and unusual' - not 'inhuman and degrading'. It's very difficult for a thief to prove that holding a sign in front of Wal-Mart is 'cruel and unusual.'.”

41James Connolly was accused of all the following crimes EXCEPT

A illegally possessing alcohol.

B smuggling drugs.

C drinking at an illegal age.

D making too much noise at a party.

42Which of the following punishments does NOT morally condemn a criminal?

A Holding a sign that announces his or her crime.

B Publishing his or her name on a website.

C Apologizing for the crime in front of Wal-Mart.

D Having to do useful work to help others without being paid.

43In the novel The Scarlet Letter a woman is accused of

A corruption.

B bribery.

C adultery.

D theft.

44The word “sugges t’ in Paragraph 10 could be best replaced by

A propose.

B indicate.

C assume.

D explain.

45What does US law forbid?

A Cruel and unusual punishments.

B Inhuman punishments.

C Degrading punishments.

D Shaming punishments.

第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌.

What’s Lacking in 'Sicko'?

When it comes to economic decisions, there are always trade-offs（取舍）. Gain one thing and you lose something else.（46）

The central argument of Michael Moore's movie “Sicko” - that the cure to the nation's health care problems is a single - payer system - is hardly novel and is certainly worth consideration, whether or not you agree with it. But in comparing the American system with single-payer plans of other countries - Britain, France, Canada and Cuba - Mr. Moore left out the trade-offs, characterizing those countries as health care paradises. _____（47）

Kurt Loder, the film critic who is best known as the anchor（主持人）of “MT V News, ” wrote a critique（批评）of the film for MTV's website. “'Sicko,'”he said, “does a real service”in portraying（描绘）victims of American insurance companies - like the people who died because their only treatment options were considered “experimental”and therefore not covered. （48）

When “governments attempt to regulate the balance between a limited supply of health care and an unlimited demand for it, they’re inevitably forced to ration treatment.” Mr. Loder asserted.（49）Mr. Loder cited the short film “Dead Meat,” which presents anecdotes（轶事）of failure in the Canadian single-payer system. In its one-sidedness, “Dead Meat” might have made for a nice double feature with “Sicko.”and left moviegoers with a more complete understanding of the complications of deciding on a health care system.

（50）

This all makes an otherwise “emotionally compelling fi lm not necessarily an intellectually satisfying one, ” wrote Darren Barefoot, a Canadian blogger（博客作者）.

A Mr. Moore also decided to ignore problems in other countries, like France’s high taxes and

Britain’s cash-short hospitals.

B But the film as a whole, he concluded, is “breathtakingly meretricious（似是而非的）,”in large

part because of its characterizations of other countries' health care systems.

C The problems have been noticed—and criticism is coming not just from Mr. Moore's

detractors（诋毁者）.

D He ticked off a number of negative statistics to counter the positive ones offered by Mr.

Moore.

E Health care is the prevention, treatment, and management of illness.

F This is particularly true in health care, a market in which scarce（稀罕的）goods are

ridiculously expensive, but needed by everybody.

第6部分：完形填空（第51～65题，每题l分，共15分）

下面的短文有l5处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

A Powerful Influence

There can be no doubt at all that the Internet has made a huge difference to our lives. Parents are worried that children spend too much time playing on the Internet, hardly (1) ______ doing anything else in their spare time. Naturally, parents are (2) ________ to find out why the Internet is so attractive, and they want to know if it can be (3) ________ to their children. Should parents worry if their children are spending that much time (4) ________ their computers?

Obviously; if children are bent over their computers for hours, (5) ________in some game, instead of doing their homework, then something is wrong. Parents and children could decide how much use the child should (6) ______ of the Internet, and the child should give his or her (7) ______ that it won’t interfere with homework. If the child is not (8) ______to this arrangement, the parent can take more drastic (9) ______ dealing with a child's use of the Internet is not much different from (10) ______ any other soft of bargain about behaviour.

Any parent who is (11) ______ alarmed about a child's behaviour should make an appointment to (12)______ the matter with a teacher. Spending time in front of the screen does not (13) ______ affect a child's performance at school. Even if a child is (14) ______ crazy about using the Internet，he or she is probably just (15) ______through a phase, and in a few months there will be something else to worry about!

51. A always B rarely C never D ever

52. A worried B concerned C curious D hopeful

53. A harming B harmful C hurting D hurtful

54. A staring at B glancing at C looking D watching

55. A supposed B occupied C interested D absorbed

56. A do B have C make D create

57. A word B promise C vow D claim

58. A holding B sticking C following D accepting

59. A rules B procedures C regulation D steps

60. A dealing B negotiating C having D arranging

61. A widely B heavily C seriously D broadly

62. A speak B discuss C talk D debate

63. A possibly B necessarily C probably D consequently

64. A absolutely B more C quite D a lot

65. A going B passing C travelling D walking

2013年全国职称英语等级考试综合类（A级）

全真模拟试题参考答案

1. B

2. A

3. B

4. D

5. B

6. A

7. B

8. C

9. D l0. A

11. D l2. A l3. B l4. C l5. A

16. B l7. B l8. A l9. C20. A

21. A22. C23. F24. B25. C

26. E27. F28. A29. B30. C

31. C32. A33. B34. D35. A

36. D37. D38. C39. B40. A

41. B42. D43. C44. B45. A

46. F47. C48. B49. D50. A

51. D52. C53. B54.A55. D

56. C57. C58. C59. D60. B

61. C62. B63. B64. A65. A