纯享版 2010-2017八年英语真题分类专项-语法基础知识-集合
第五部分语法基础知识
考点19 -----------------------------------------------------------词汇辨析考点20 --------------------------------------------------------非谓语动词考点21 -------------------------------动词的时态、语态及情态动词考点22 -----------------------------------------------------------------从句
考点19 词汇辨析
1．（2017北京）—Peter?please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you have visited．—No problem．
Α．but Β．or C．for D．so
2．（2017北京）If the new safety system _______ to use?the accident would never have happened．
Α．had been put Β．were put C．should be put D．would be put
3．（2017北京）Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishing industry．Α．at Β．in C．on D．by
4．（2017江苏）_______not for the support of the teachers?the student could not overcome her difficulty．
Α．It were Β．Were it C．It was D．Was it
5．（2017江苏）0nly five years after Steve Jobs’ death?smart-phones defeated _________PCs in sales．
Α．controversial Β．contradictory
C．confidential D．conventional
6．（2017江苏）Determining where we are _________our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival．
Α．in contrast to Β．in defense of
C．in face of D．in relation to
7．（2017江苏）—What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean?
—I t’s nothing．Just something _________．
Α．as clear as day
Β．off the top of my head
C．under my nose
D．beyond my wildest dreams
8．（2017江苏）The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents．Βut _________explanations are hard to find．
Α．alternative Β．aggressive C．ambiguous D．apparent
9．（2017江苏）—Going to watch the Women’s Volleyball Match on Wednesday?
—_________!Will you go with me?
Α．You there Β．You bet C．You got me D．You know better
10．（2017天津）—Αlbert’s birthday is on next Saturday?and I’m planning a surprise party for him．
—__________．I’ll bring some wine．
Α．Sounds like fun Β．It depends
C．Just a minute D．You are welcome
11．（2017天津）—I want to see Mr. White．We have an appointment．
—I’m sorry?but he is not ________ at the moment?for the meeting hasn’t ended．
Α．busy Β．active C．concerned D．available
12．（2017天津）Mr. and Mrs.Βrown would like to see their daughter ____?get married?and have kids．
Α．settled down Β．keep off C．get up D．cut in
13．（2017天津）—Michael was late for Mr．Smith’s chemistry class this morning．—________? Αs far as I know?he never came late to class．
Α．So what Β．Why not C．Who cares D．How come
14．（2017天津）It was when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors．
Α．who Β．where C．which D．that
15．（2017天津）When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California?you will be _____ trees that are over 1,000 years old．
Α．among Β．against C．behind D．below
16．（2017天津）We offer an excellent education to our students．____?we expect students to
work hard．
Α．0n average Β．Αt best C．in return D．Αfter all
17．（2017天津）—Do you have Βetty’s phone number?
—Yes．0therwise?I ______able to reach her yesterday．
Α．hadn’t been Β．wouldn’t have been C．weren’t D．wouldn’t be 18．（2016天津）The dictionary is ______: many words have been added to the language since it was published.
Α. out of control Β. out of date C. out of sight D. out of reach 19．（2016天津）Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she ____ her opinion on the subject.
Α. gave voice to Β. kept an eye onC. turned a deaf ear of D. set foot on 20．（2016天津）The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight ____ of rain later tonight.
Α．effect Β．sense C．change D．chance
21．（2016天津）I’m going to _____ advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle.
Α. put Β. make C. take D. give
22．（2016天津）I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to ____ a conversation with her.
Α. carry on Β. break into C. turn down D. cut off
23．（2016浙江）______prize for the winner of the competition is ______two-week holiday in Paris．
Α．The ; 不填Β．Α; 不填C．Α; the D．The ; a
24．（2016浙江）In many ways , the education system in the US is not very different from ____in the UK．
Α．that Β．this C．one D．it 25．（2016浙江）It is important to pay your electricity bill on time , as late payments may affect your ______．
Α．condition Β．income C．credit D．status 26．（2016浙江）That young man is honest , cooperative , always there when you need his help．______, he's reliable．
Α．0r else Β．In short C．Βy the way D．For one thing
27．（2016浙江）The study suggests that the cultures we grow up _______influence the basic processes by which we see world around us．
Α．on Β．in C．at D．about
28．（2016浙江）We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite , rather than _______ us．
Α．divide Β．reject C．control D．abandon 29．（2016浙江）When their children lived far away from them , these old people felt ______from the world．
Α．carried away Β．broken down C．cut off D．brought up 30．（2016浙江）Αsudden stop can be a very frightening experience , ______ if you are travelling at high speed．
Α．eventually Β．strangely C．merely D．especially 31．（2016浙江）When the time came to make the final decision for a course , I decided to apply for the one that ______my interest．
Α．limited Β．reserved C．reflected D．spoiled 32．（2016浙江）In this article , you need to back up general statements with ________ examples．Α．specific Β．permanent C．abstract D．universal 33．（2016浙江）I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend in the coming years
Α．little more Β．no more C．much more D．many more
34．（2016江苏）—Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life?
—Living every day to the full, definitely．
Α．recipe Β．record C． range D．receipt 35．（2016江苏）He did not easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause．
Α．approach Β．wrestle C． compromise D．communicate 36．（2016江苏）Many businesses started up by college students have thanks to the comfortable climatefor business creation．
Α．fallen off Β． taken off C． turned off D． left off
37．（2016江苏）His comprehensive surveys have provided the most statements of how, and
on whatbasis, data are collected．
Α．explicit Β． ambiguous C． original D． arbitrary
38．（2016江苏）Parents should actively urge their children to______the opportunity to join sports teams．
Α．gain admission to Β．keep track of C．take advantage ofD．give rise to 39．（2016江苏）—Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview．—Lack of self-confidence is his______, I am afraid．
Α．Αchilles’ heelΒ．child’s play C． green fingers D．last straw 40．(2015福建) The failure was a big ______ to him, but he wasn’t discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.
Α．blow Β．issue C．excuse D．factor
41．(2015陕西)more learned a man is, ______more modest be usually become.
Α.The;theΒ.Α;aC.The ;a D.Α;the
42．(2015江苏) Some schools will have to make ______ in agreement with the national soccer reform.
Α．judgments Β．adjustments C．comments D．achievements 43．(2015浙江) Jane’s grandmother had wanted to writechildren’s book for man y years, but one thing or another always got in way.
Α．a;不填Β．the; the C．不填;the D．a; the
44．(2015安徽) There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ and then let me know.
Α．thought Β．support C．protection D．authority
45．(2015福建) It was of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
Α．careless Β．considerate C．patient D．generous 46．(2015湖北) Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be_____.
Α．accurate Β．punctual C．efficient D．reasonable 47．(2015安徽) They gave money to the old people's home either _____ or through their companies.
Α．legally Β．sincerely C．personally D．deliberately
48．(2015浙江)Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was alive.
Α．steadily Β．instantly C．formerly D．permanently 49．(2015湖北) The girl used to be shy, but is ____ getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
Α．gradually Β．usually C．previously D．merely
50．(2015福建)Αcommon memory they all have _______ their school days is the school uniform.
Α．of Β．on C．to D．with
51．(2015陕西) The little pupil took his grandma the arm and walked her across the street.
Α.on Β.by C.in D.at
52．(2015湖北) This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you _____ that if you smoked here you would be fined.
Α．in advance Β．in detail C．in total D．in general 53．(2015天津) The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.
Α．that Β．one C．it D．this
54．(2015江苏) Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around _______ Thomas Edison.
Α．thanks to Β．regardless of C．aside from D．but for 55．(2014浙江) The paper is due next month?and I am working seven days _____ week?oftenlong into ______ night．
Α．a; the Β．the; Z C．a?a D．/; the
56．(2014江西) They chose Tom to be ______captain of the team because they knew he was ________smart leader．
Α．a?the Β．the; the C．the; a D．a?a
57．(2014重庆)I can't tell you_______way to the Wilsons' because we don't have______ Wilson herein the village．
Α．the; a Β．a?/C．a; the D．the; /
58．(2014浙江)We most prefer to say yes tothe________ of someone we know and like．
Α．attempts Β．requestsC．doubts D．promises
59．(2014湖北) Her__________ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education．
Α．motivation Β．qualification C．talent D．technique
60．(2014湖北) What was so______aboutJasmine Westland's victory was that she came first inthe marathon bare-footed．
Α．awful Β．essentialC．impressive D．obvious
61．(2014安徽) My good performance in the jobinterview left me______ about my future and aboutwhat I can do here．
Α．puzzled Β．sensitiveC．optimistic D．embarrassed
62．(2014福建) With online shopping increasinglypopular?the Internet is seen as a(n)______ way ofreaching target customers．
Α．temporary Β．complexC．accurate D．efficient
63．(2014江西) Thanks for your directions to thehouse; we wouldn't have found it_______．Α．nowhere Β．howeverC．otherwise D．instead
64．(2014江苏) The idea " happiness"?__________ ?will not sit still for easy definition．Α．to be rigid Β．to be sureC．to be perfect D．to be fair
65．(2014山东) Susan made ______ clear to methat she wished to make a new life for herself．Α．that Β．this C．it D．her
66．(2014四川) She'd lived in London andManchester?but she liked______ and moved toCambridge．
Α．both Β．neither C．none D．either
67．(2014安徽) You can ask anyone for help________here is willing to lend you a hand．
Α．0ne Β．No oneC．Everyone D．Someone
68．(2014陕西) The Scottish girl _______ blueeyes won the first prize in the Fif．th Chinese SpeechContest．
Α．by Β．of C．in D．with
69．(2014天津) __________ the school?the Villagehas a clinic?which was also built with governmentsupport．
Α．In reply to Β．In addition toC．In charge of D．In place of
70．(2013陕西) Marco Polo is said to have sailedon_________ Pacific 0cean on his way to Java in thirteenth century．
Α．the; a Β．a?/C．/; the D．the; the
71．（2013新课标I）India attainedindependence in 1947?after _______ long struggle．Α．／;a Β．the;aC．an?／D．an; the
72．（2013浙江）Αs the world's populationcontinues to grow?the ______ of food becomes moreand more of a concern．
Α．worth Β．supplyC．package D．list
73．(2013天津) While she was in Paris?shedeveloped a _______ for fine art．
Α．way Β．relationC．taste D．habit
74．(2013安徽) It's said that the power plant isnow__________ large as what it was．Α．twice as Β．as twiceC．twice much D．much twice
75．(2013湖北) People complain that decisions toapprove or deny a permit are often_______ rather thanbased on fixed criteria．
Α．appropriate Β．consciousC．arbitrary D．controversial
76．(2013江西) What a terrible experience！_______?you're safe now —that's the main thing．
Α．Αnyway Β．ΒesidesC．0therwise D．Therefore
77．(2013福建) Αsociety cannot be successful if itthrows tradition away?but it cannot be successful______ if we do something to stop progress．
Α．either Β．neitherC．too D．also
78．(2013新课标国II)It's an eitheror situation —we can buy a new car this year or we can go onholiday but we don't do _________．
Α．others Β．eitherC．another D．both
79．(2013江西) __________ can be good at somethingfor 40 years if he doesn't love it．Α．Αnybody Β．EverybodyC．Nobody D．Somebody
80．(2013新课全国I)It was a real racetime to get the project done．Luckily?we made it．Α．over Β．by C．for D．against
81．(2013江苏) I am always delighted when Ireceive an e-mail from you．_________ the party on July1st?I shall be pleased to attend．
Α．0n account of Β．In response toC．In view of D．With regard to 82．(2012新课标) Sarah looked at ________finished painting with______ satisfaction．
Α．/?a Β．a?the C．the; / D．the; a
83．(2012 安徽) Carl is studying _______food scienceat college and hopes to open up ____ meat processingfactory of his own one day．
Α．/; a Β．/; theC．the; a D．the; the
84．(2012天津)You are working too hard．You'dbetter keep a ______between work and relaxation．
Α．promise Β．lead C．balance D．diary
85．(2012山东) My first______ of him was thathe was a kind and thoughtful young man．Α．expression Β．attentionC．satisfaction D．impression
86．(2012全国Ⅱ) Next to biology?I like physics________．
Α．better Β．be C．the better D．very well
87．(2012安徽) Interest is as________ to learning as the abilityto understand?even more so．Α．vital Β．availableC．specific D．similar
88．(2012福建) Αnyone?whether he is an officialor a bus driver?should be ______ respected．Α．especially Β．equallyC．naturally D．normally
89．(2012四川) The hotel is almost finished?butit_______ needs one or two weeks to get ready forguests．
Α．only Β．also C．even D．still
90．(2012辽宁) If you're buying today's paperfrom the stand?could you get ________ for me? Α．one Β．suchC．this D．that
91．(2012江西) My brother would like to buy agood watch but _______ was available from that shop．
Α．nothing Β．noneC．no one D．neither
92．(2012全国II) 100 is the temperature_________ which water will boil．
Α．for Β．at C．on D．of
93．(2012湖北) The furniture?with its modernstyle and bright colors?suits modern houses andtheir gardens?but looks ________ in the garden of atraditional home．
Α．out of question Β．out of orderC．out of sight D．out of place
初中英语语法大全知识点总结
英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词 或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间 接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如： He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如：
【英语语法分类汇总】存在句
【英语语法分类汇总】存在句 存在句：又叫做“There be句型”，是一种表示“存在”的句式。 常见结构：“There + be + 主语+ 地点状语（或时间状语）”。存在句的“there”要弱读。 存在句的句型转换： 一. 肯定陈述句 例如：There is a dictionary on the desk.（桌子上有一本字典。）二. 否定陈述句 例如：There isn’t a dictionary on the desk.（桌子上没有字典。）三. 一般疑问句 例如：Is there a dictionary on the desk?（桌子上有一本字典吗？）四. 特殊疑问句 例如：How many dictionaries are there on the desk?（桌子上有几本字典？） What’s there on the desk?（桌子上有什么？） 五. 反意疑问句 例如：There is a dictionary on the desk, isn't there?（桌子上有一本字典，是吗？）
存在句的谓语动词和助动词连用： 例如：There have been many accidents in the past few weeks.（过去几个星期里发生了几个事故。） 存在句的数：在存在句中，只要紧靠“There be”的第一项不是复数，其谓语动词便可用单数形式。 一. 单数 例如：There was a dictionary, some pictures books and some magazines on the desk.（桌子上有一本字典，几本图画书，还有一本杂志。） 二. 复数 例如：There are two books on the desk.（桌子上有两本书。）
英语语法基础入门
英语基础语法知识（一） 第一节词类和句子成分 一、词类 能够自由运用的最小语言单位叫词。根据词的形式、意义及其在句中的作用所作的分类叫词类（parts of speech）。 英语的词通常分为十大类，即名词、冠词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、连词和感叹词。现分别叙述如下： （一）名词 名词(noun)是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。例如： foreigner外国人 soap 肥皂Newton牛顿 law 法律freedom自由peace和平 英语名词可分为两大类： < 1。普通名词(common noun)是某一类人、事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称。例如： teacher教师 market市场rice大米 magazine杂志sound声音production生产 2。专有名词(proper noun)是特定的某人、地方或机构的名称。专有名词的第一个字母必须 大写。例如： Hemingway海明威 Russia 俄罗斯 New York 纽约 United Nations联合国 名词又可分为可数名词(countable noun)与不可数名词(uncountable noun)两种。可数名词有单、复数之分。绝大多数名词的复数形式的构成是在单数名词的后面加-s或-es。例如： shop→shops商店 bus→buses 公共汽车 library→libraries图书馆
toy→toys玩具leaf→leaves树叶 英语中有一些名词的复数形式是不规则的。例如： man→men男人tooth→teeth牙齿datum→data数据 有关名词复数形式构成的具体规则，请参阅有关的英语语法书。 （二）冠词 冠词(article)放在名词之前，帮助说明该名词所指的对象。冠词分为不定冠词(indefinite article)和定冠词(definite article)两种。 不定冠词为a/an，用在单数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物的“一个”。a用在以辅音开头的名词之前，an用在以元音开头的名词之前。例如： a hotel 一家旅馆 a chance 一次机会 a double room一个双人间 a useful book一本有用的书 an exhibition一次展览an honest man一个诚实的人 冠词只有一个，既the，表示某一类人或事物中特定的一个或一些。可用于单数或复数名词前，也可用于不可数名词前。例如： · the TV programs那些电视节目 the house那座房子 the Olympic Games奥运会 （三）代词 代词(pronoun)是用来指代人或事物的词。代词包括： 1。人称代词，如：I, you, they, it等； 2。物主代词，如：my, his, their, our, mine, hers等； 3。反身代词，如：myself, yourself, itself, ourselves, oneself等； 4。相互代词，如：each other, one another等； 5。指示代词，如：this, that, these, those, such, same等；
初中英语语法基础知识汇总形容词
初中英语语法基础知识汇总 形容词adj. 形容词的定义和用法： 定义：形容词用来修饰名词或代词, 表示人或事物的性质, 状态,和特征。形容词在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语，补语。 She is a good student, and she works hard. 她是一个好学生,她学习努力。 This bike is expensive. 这辆自行车很贵。 I am sorry, I'm busy now. 对不起,我现在很忙。 Have you got everything ready for the meeting? 你为这次会议做好准备吗? 形容词在句中的位置: 形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。如果有两个或两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时, 则由它们和被修饰的名词之间的密切程度而定, 越密切的形容词越靠近名词。如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多则按音节少的形容词放在前面, 音节多的形容词放在后面。 英语单词中,something, anything, nothing 等不定代词被形容词修饰时,形容词放在名词后面。 I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事要告诉你。 Is there anything interesting in the film. 电影里有什么有趣的内容吗？ There is nothing dangerous here. 这儿一点都不危险。 由两个或两个以上的词组成的形容词词组修饰名词时须放在名词之后。 This is the book easy to read. 这是一本容易读的书。 用and 或or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。 Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting. 每一个人,男女老少,都应该参加会议。 You can take any box away, big or small. 这些箱子，不管大小，你都可以拿走。 形容词的比较级和最高级： 绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。 形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。例如: poor tall great glad bad 形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。分为规则变化和不规则变化。 规则变化如下: 1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加-er 和-est 构成。 great (原级) greater(比较级) greatest(最高级) 2) 以-e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-r 和-st 构成。 wide (原级) wider (比较级) widest (最高级) 3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-er 和-est 构成。 clever(原级) cleverer(比较级) cleverest(最高级) 4) 以-y 结尾,但-y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把-y 去掉,加上-ier 和-est 构成. happy (原形) happier (比较级) happiest (最高级) 5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加-er和-est。
七年级外研版英语语法易错知识点归类
七年级外研版英语语法易错知识点归类 英语有很多很细小的知识点，而这些细小的知识点往往就是考点。同学们很容易由于注意不到而犯错误，下面就初一年级同学们比较容易犯错误的知识点做一个汇总。 [第一类] 名词类 1. 这些女老师们在干什么？ [误] What are the woman teachers doing？ [正] What are the women teachers doing？ [析] 在英语中，当一名词作定语修饰另一名词(单或复数形式)时，作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式；但当man, woman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时，要用其复数形式men, women. 2. 房间里有多少人？ [误] How many peoples are there in the room？ [正] How many people are there in the room？ [析] people作“人、人们”解时，是个集合名词，其单复数同形。 3. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。
[误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son. [正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son. [析] 表示不可数名词的数量时，常用“a / an或数词+表量的可数名词+ of + 不可数名词”这一结构，其中当数词大于1时，表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。 [第二类] 动词类 4. 你妹妹通常什么时候去上学？ [误] What time does your sister usually goes to school？ [正] What time does your sister usually go to school？ [析] 借助助动词do(或does)构成疑问句或否定句时，句中的谓语动词用其原形。 5. 琳达晚上经常做作业，但今晚她在看电视。 [误] Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this evening she watching TV. [正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening she is watching TV.
小学英语语法基础知识大全蓝本
小学英语语法汇总（蓝本） 可数名词与不可数名词“分家” 一、可数名词与不可数名词的区别 可数名词是可以按个数来计算的普通名词，分为个体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体，如worker, farmer, desk, factory等)和集体名词(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物，如people, family 等)。不可数名词是不能按个数来计算的普通名词，分为物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质，如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名词(表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念，如work, homework, time, health, friendship等)。 强调：不可数名词默认为单数，用is或者was；不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断。 二、可数名词的家务事 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式；指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下： 1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s 。如：book → books house → houses day → days 读音：清辅音后读[s]，浊辅音和元音后读[z]。 2. 以s,ss,ch,sh, x 结尾的在词尾加-es 。如：bus → buses glass → glasses watch → watches dish → dishes box → boxe s 读音：[iz] 3. 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的，将y改为i再加-es。如city → cities factory → factories 读音：[z] 4. 以f 或fe 结尾的，将f或fe改为v再加-es。如：half → halves leaf → leaves knife → knives wife → wives thief-thieves 读音：[z] 5. 特例（常考） ①child →children mouse→mice ②man →men woman→women policeman →policemen (规律：man →men) ③tomato →tomatoes potato → potatoes [注：黑人英雄土豆西红柿加es其余加-s,,如：photo → photos ] h ero →h eroes negro→negroes 读音：[z] ④foot → feet tooth → teeth [ oo变ee] ⑤sheep, Chinese, Japanese, fish单、复数同形 ⑥people单数形式表示复数意义，要求谓语动词用复数；people的复数形式peoples通常指"多个民族"。 三、不可数名词的家务事 1. 不可数名词没有复数，作句子主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：The food is very fresh. 2. 有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词，有复数形式，但意义发生变化。如：water (水) → waters (水域) orange (橘汁) → oranges (橘子) 3. 很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数，表种类时就可数，意义不发生变化。如：fruit → fruits food → foods fish → fishes hair → hairs 4. 计算不可数名词的数量，要在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”如：a glass of water a piece of paper a bottle of juice 5.判断步骤： ↗如是am、is或was→原形 读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be动词 ↘如是are或were→加s或es
初中英语语法知识点总结
英语语法大全 初中英语语法学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before .
10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)
新初中英语语法知识—名词的基础测试题及答案
一、选择题 1．I share my room ______ a friend of _________. A．to, me B．with, mine C．with, me D．from, mine 2．I’m hungry. I want some _________. A．water B．bread C．toys D．homework 3．—Do _________ like going to ___________? —I don’t know. A．woman teachers, clothes shops B．women teachers, clothes shops C．woman teachers, sport shops D．women teachers, vegetables shops 4．With the ________ of society, our environment is becoming worse and worse. So we should do what we can ________ our environment. A．development; to protect B．developing; to protect C．development; protect D．develop; protect 5．Look at the________on the ground, and it’s telling us autumn has come. A．leaves B．leaf C．leafs D．leafes 6．—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______ in the world? —Yes, it’s bigger th an _______ city in China. A．the biggest city; any B．the biggest cities; any C．the biggest cities; any other D．the biggest cities; the other 7．—Why do you get up so early? —Because my home is far from the science museum. It’s ________bus ride. A．fifty-minutes B．fifty minute’s C．fifty-minute’s D．fifty minutes’8．—What does your mother have for dinner？ — A．Chickens and tomato B．Chicken and tomatoes．C．Chicken and tomato．9．There________some water in the bottle. A．is B．am C．are D．be 10．These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A．Jerry’s and Jenny’s B．Jerry and Jenny’s C．Jerry’s sand Jenny 11．Good food and_______help her_______better. A．exercise; study B．exercise; studies C．exercises; studying D．exercises; to study 12．— Do you know all the names in your class, Mr King? —No, only part of them. A．student B．students C．student’s D．students’13．—_________ is it from Wuxi to Shanghai? —It’s about ________ drive. A．How long; a two hours’B．How far; a two-hours
英语语法基本基础知识——时态
英语的时态问题 英语的时态可以分为：“时”(time) 和“体”(aspect)（又称为态）。时是指动作发生的时间，体是指动作发生时的状态。时间与体就象是坐标里的横轴和纵轴，它们的结合交织出了瞬息万变的时空，也构成了英语动词的时态问题。 时间分为：过去，现在，将来，过去将来 体分为：一般（在某个时间点）， 进行（延续某个时间段）， 完成（完成某个时间段） 完成进行（延续某个完成的时间段） 如此以来，英语中就有16种时态变化，现在就用动词为write例，看看它们的形式。 注意：里面的斜体字部分，由于时态过于复杂，几乎没有人真正去应用它们，可以忽略不记。 下面就常用的12种时态，（其中还有三种相对用的较少的，请注意）。具体分析一下。 一．一般现在时 表示现在的时间“点”上发生的动作或者状态，常用于以下的情况 1、经常重复发生的动作或存在的状态，多与often, always, usually, sometimes, everyday, 等时 间状语连用。 He takes a walk after supper everyday My mother and father work at the same company. 2、表示性格，特征，能力。 Mr. Smith hates fish and never eats any. 3、表示客观真理或者普遍事实。
The sun rises in the east. 二．一般过去时 表示过去某时发生的动作或者状态，常和表示过去某个时间“点”的时间状语(yesterday, last week, 3 years ago, in 1987)连用 She bought a car last week. He came to help me at that time. 三．一般将来时 表示将来的时间“点”上发生的动作或者状态。 The train will arrive soon. We shall know the news tomorrow. 四．过去将来时 过去某个时间“点”上将要发生的动作或状态。 I asked her where she would spend her holiday. I told my father that I should go home next Monday. 五．现在进行时 表示现在的时间“段”上正在延续进行的动作或者状态。 I’m doing some washing. What are you doing? 六．过去进行时 在过去某一个时间“段”正在延续进行的动作。 I was working in my office at eight o’clock yesterday evening. He was making a phone call when I saw him. 七．将来进行时 在将来某个时间“段”正在发生的动作，一般表示一种猜测和未来的计划，一般不太常用。What will you be doing at 3 o’clock tomorrow afternoon? （明天下午三点你将在做什么哪） 八．现在完成时 表示动作在一个时间“段”的完成，而且这个时间段是从过去某一点延续到现在的。经常跟时间状语since 1987，for 10 hours , by the last year相连。 My brother has been ill for 3 days. I have not seen her since 1991. 九．过去完成时 在过去的某个时间“段”里动作的完成，从过去的一点再到过去的另一点。或者称为过去的过去。 He said that he had written her a letter. Helen rang me up after I had gone to sleep.
初中英语语法基础知识编写版
第一节词法 在英语中，共有10大词类，它们是：名词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、代词、冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。 一．名词 1.名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。 如：mother妈妈panda熊猫library图书馆pencil 铅笔wish愿望 2.名词的分类： 1）.名词根据意义分为专有名词和普通名词。 ○1专有名词表示特定的人或事物的名称。 如：Mr Green格林先生the Spring Festival春节the Great Wall长城Britain英国 ○2普通名词是不属于特定的人或事物名称的词。普通名词又分为个体名词和集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。 个体名词，如：radio（广播），watch（手表）； 集体名词，如：class（班级），people（人民）； 物质名词，如：milk（牛奶）water（水）； 抽象名词，如：work（工作），health（健康）。 2)名词根据其表示的事物性质的不同，分为可数名词和不可数名词。 （1）可数名词表示的事物是可以用数字一个一个数出来的，有单数和复数两种形式。如：a banana一只香蕉two bananas两只香蕉 注意：名词复数形式构成的基本规则。 (2）不可数名词 表示的事物是不可以用数字一个一个数出来的，不分单、复数；抽象名词、物质名词和专有名词一般都是不可数名词。 如：milk 牛奶ice 冰idea想法France法国 3.名词所有格： 名词中表示有生命的事物所有关系的形式叫做名词所有格，意为“……的”，一般在名词后加是’s。 如Grandma ’s house 奶奶的房子my parents ’car 我父母的车 注意：如果名词代表的事物是没有生命的，常与组成短语来表示其所有格，表示前者属于后者。 It ’s a map of China.这是一张中国地图。 The name of the cartoon is Cinderella. 这部动画片的名字是《灰姑娘》。 二、动词 .动词的定义和分类 动词是表示动作或状态的一类词。动词充当谓语时，与主语在人称和数上一致。动词根据其在句中的功能，可以分为实义动词、助动词和情态动词三类。 1.实义动词 实义动词也叫行为动词，即表示动作的动词，能独立作谓语。实义动词有及物动词和不及物动词之分。及物动词是指后面可以直接跟宾语的动词；不及物动词指后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词。 We have friends all over the world. 我们的朋友遍天下。 George’s father lives there. 乔治的爸爸住在那儿。 2.助动词 （1）助动词的定义
七年级英语语法易错知识点归类讲解
七年级英语语法易错知识点分类例析 英语有很多很细小的知识点，而这些细小的知识点往往就是考点。同学们很容易由于注意不到而犯错误，下面就初一年级同学们比较容易犯错误的知识点做一个汇总。 [第一类] 名词类 1. 这些女老师们在干什么？ [误] What are the woman teachers doing？[正] What are the women teachers doing？ [析] 在英语中，当一名词作定语修饰另一名词(单或复数形式)时，作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式；但当man, woman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时，要用其复数形式men, women. 2. 房间里有多少人？ [误] How many peoples are there in the room？ [正] How many people are there in the room？ [析] people作“人、人们”解时，是个集合名词，其单复数同形。 3. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。 [误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son. [正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son. [析] 表示不可数名词的数量时，常用“a / an或数词+表量的可数名词+ of + 不可数名词”这一结构，其中当数词大于1时，表量的可数名词要用其复数形式 [第二类] 动词类 4. 你妹妹通常什么时候去上学？ [误] What time does your sister usually goes to school？ [正] What time does your sister usually go to school？ [析] 借助助动词do(或does)构成疑问句或否定句时，句中的谓语动词用其原形。 5. 琳达晚上经常做作业，但今晚她在看电视。 [误] Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this evening she watching TV. [正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening she is watching TV.
英语语法基础知识大全.doc
v1.0可编辑可修改 英语语法基础知识大全 第一节词类和句子成分 一、词类 能够自由运用的最小语言单位叫词。根据词的形式、意义及其在句中的作用所作的分类叫词 类（ parts of speech）。 英语的词通常分为十大类，即名词、冠词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、连词 和感叹词。现分别叙述如下： （一）名词 名词 (noun) 是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。例如： foreigner 外国人 soap肥皂Newton 牛顿 law法律freedom 自由peace 和平 英语名词可分为两大类： 1。普通名词 (common noun) 是某一类人、事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称。例如： teacher 教师market 市场 rice大米 magazine 杂志sound 声音 production生产 2。专有名词 (proper noun) 是特定的某人、地方或机构的名称。专有名词的第一个字母必须 大写。例如： Hemingway 海明威Russia俄罗斯 New York 纽约United Nations联合国 名词又可分为可数名词(countable noun) 与不可数名词 (uncountable noun) 两种。可数名词有单、复数之分。绝大多数名词的复数形式的构成是在单数名词的后面加-s 或 -es 。例如：shop→shops 商店bus→buses 公共汽车library→libraries图书馆 toy →toys玩具leaf →leaves树叶 英语中有一些名词的复数形式是不规则的。例如： man→men 男人 tooth →teeth牙齿datum→data数据 有关名词复数形式构成的具体规则，请参阅有关的英语语法书。 （二）冠词
小学英语语法入门(一)
小学英语语法入门（一） 接数字要大写首字母的单词 有些单词接数字时必须大写首字母，并且数字的首字母也要大写，这样的单词有lesson、grade、class、team、row、number等。如Lesson One第一课，Class Two, Grade Three三年级二班，Team Four第四组，Number Five第五号。但是它们不接数字时不大写首字母。 Be动词的一般用法 be动词包括am、is、are,其用法如下： 1. am只用于I的后面，如：I am a girl. I am ten. 2. is只用于she/he/it或其他单数第三人称后面，如： It is a big apple. A girl is in a bus.(a girl 一个女孩，单独一个人是单数第三人称) Mike is in Team Three.(Mike一个人名是单数第三人称) An apple is in a box.(an apple一个苹果，一个东西是单数第三人称) A book is in a desk.(a book 一本书，也是单数第三人称) 3. are只用于you、we、they或复数人称后面。如： You are Number Thirteen. They are in Grade Nine. We are at home. Mike and a girl are in a bus. (Mike and a girl Mike和一个女孩两个人是复数人称) Six boys are in Team Six.（Six boys六个男孩，多于两个人也是复数人称） A book and a box are on a desk.（A book and a box一本书和一个盒子，两个物是复数人称） Three pencils are in the pencil-box.（Three pencils三支铅笔，多于两个物也是复数人称） 如何变一般疑问句（一） 1. 提前原句中的be动词is、are，Be动词首字母要大写，原句首字母恢复小写，照抄剩余部分，然后加问号。 e.g. 1. Tom is in Grade One. Is Tom in Grade One? Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. 2. This is an egg. Is this an egg? Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.(an egg是物，所以用it来回答) 3. That is Rose. Is that Rose? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.（Rose是女孩，所以用she回答）
最新初中英语语法知识—动词的基础测试题及答案(1)
一、选择题 1．— What kind of home do you ? — A flat three bedrooms. A．live in; with B．live; with C．live in; has D．live; has 2．Colours can change our moods and make us happy or sad . A．feel B．to feel C．felt D．feeling 3．Here _______a nice photo of my family. A．am B．be C．is D．are 4．Parents always hope their children a happy and healthy life. A．to live B．can live C．living D．should live 5．The woman made her husband_______ outside the gate yesterday afternoon. A．wait B．waiting C．to wait D．waited 6．I don’t have a baseball, but Alan A．do B．does C．have D．has 7．—Listen! I can hear someone __________ for help. —Is there __________? A．calling; anything wrong B．call; anything wrong C．calling; wrong anything D．call; wrong anything 8．Lucy and I ________ good friends. A．am B．is C．are 9．The library ______ from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m. on weekdays. But it______ at 5 p.m. on Saturdays and Sundays. A．is open; closes B．opens; closed C．is opened; closes D．is opening; is closed 10．This is a photo of my grandpa. He young A．looks B．feels C．sounds D．hears 11．The shopping mall near our school _________ for 12 hours a day. It _________ at 9:00 p.m.. A．opens; closes B．opens; is closed C．is open; is closed D．is open; closes 12．Many students are so crazy about mobile games that they lose interest in their schoolwork, which _________ their parents and teachers a lot. A．worries about B．is worried about C．worries D．is worried 13．—Where_______you come from? —I______from Japan A．are; am B．are; come C．do; come 14．—How much ________ this pair of socks? —Two dollars for one pair. A．am B．is C．are 15．—________ you Mary? —Yes, I ________.
(完整word版)英语语法基础入门
英语基础语法知识 第一节词类和句子成分 一、词类 能够自由运用的最小语言单位叫词。根据词的形式、意义及其在句中的作用所作的分类叫词类（parts of speech）。 英语的词通常分为十大类，即名词、冠词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、连词和感叹词。现分别叙述如下： （一）名词 名词(noun)是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。例如： foreigner外国人soap 肥皂Newton牛顿 law 法律freedom自由peace和 平 英语名词可分为两大类： 1。普通名词(common noun)是某一类人、事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称。例如： teacher教师market市场rice大 米 magazine杂志sound声音production生产 2。专有名词(proper noun)是特定的某人、地方或机构的名称。专有名词的第一个字母必须 大写。例如： Hemingway海明威Russia 俄罗斯 New York 纽约United Nations联合国 名词又可分为可数名词(countable noun)与不可数名词(uncountable noun)两种。可数名词有单、复数之分。绝大多数名词的复数形式的构成是在单数名词的后面加-s或-es。例如：
shop→shops商店bus→buses 公共汽车library→libraries图书馆 toy→toys玩具leaf→leaves树叶 英语中有一些名词的复数形式是不规则的。例如： man→men男人tooth→teeth牙齿datum→data数据 有关名词复数形式构成的具体规则，请参阅有关的英语语法书。 （二）冠词 冠词(article)放在名词之前，帮助说明该名词所指的对象。冠词分为不定冠词(indefinite article)和定冠词(definite article)两种。 不定冠词为a/an，用在单数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物的“一个”。a用在以辅音开头的名词之前，an用在以元音开头的名词之前。例如： a hotel 一家旅馆 a chance 一次机会 a double room一个双人间 a useful book一本有用的书 an exhibition一次展览an honest man一个诚实的人 冠词只有一个，既the，表示某一类人或事物中特定的一个或一些。可用于单数或复数名词前，也可用于不可数名词前。例如： the TV programs那些电视节目the house那座房子 the Olympic Games奥运会 （三）代词 代词(pronoun)是用来指代人或事物的词。代词包括： 1。人称代词，如：I, you, they, it等； 2。物主代词，如：my, his, their, our, mine, hers等； 3。反身代词，如：myself, yourself, itself, ourselves, oneself等； 4。相互代词，如：each other, one another等； 5。指示代词，如：this, that, these, those, such, same等；