2019版高考英语黄冈经典一轮(全国通用版)课时提升作业： 十一 必修3 Unit 1

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课时提升作业十一

必修3Unit 1Festivals around the world

(限时35分钟)

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

Teachers’ Day dates back to the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD). According to the record, during the Han and Jin dynasties, on August 27 each year, the birthday of Confucius, the emperor would go to the Confucius’ temple and pay tribute (敬意) to the ancient philosopher followed by court officials, and would also invite royal teachers to the imperial court for a banquet. On this day, teachers around the nation enjoyed a day’s vacation and were given dried meat as gifts.

The capital, all states and counties would also hold ceremonies to worship Confucius. Excellent performing teachers would be chosen from academies and learning institutions nationwide, reporting to the royal court and given 500 liang (两) silver coins as awards.

Until the Qing Dynasty, the ceremony, on August 27, was of a larger scale. The teachers’ salaries in schools and academies around the nation were raised, and well-performing teachers would be awarded

official titles or promoted to higher positions.

Normally, an ancient teacher’s income included salary, accommodation and festival gifts. There was no fixed tuition fee. Generally the parents paid teachers according to their household income. Both money and basic foodstuff could be paid in exchange for tuition.

In private schools, teachers always received money or gifts from the host family at certain festivals or at the beginning and end of each semester.

The festivals in which teachers received gifts varied from region to region, while the most valued ones were the Duanwu, Mid-Autumn and Chinese New Year festivals, as well as Confucius’ birthday and the private tutor’s birthday.

Among all the gift-giving festivals, the first meeting gift was a must. When students met their private tutors for the first time, they had to kneel down to Confucius’ spirit tablet and then to their private tutors, before presenting a “gift”.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要介绍的是中国教师节的历史, 包括其由来, 最初孔子诞辰就是教师节。

1. The passage mainly talks about ________.

A. the teachers in ancient China

B. the Teachers’ Day in ancient China

C. the teachers’ high positions in ancient China

D. the teachers’ salaries in ancient China

【解析】选B。主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 本文主要介绍的是中国教师节的历史, 包括其由来等。故选B。

2. How long has the Teachers’ Day been in China?

A. 1, 500-2, 500 years.

B. 2, 000-3, 000 years.

C. 3, 000-4, 000 years.

D. 4, 000-5, 000 years.

【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Teachers’ Day dates back to the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD)”可推断出答案为A。

3. What is the special gift for the teachers on the Teachers’ Day during the Han and Jin dynasties?

A. A higher position

B. A day free

C. 500 liang silver coins

D. Days’ vacation

【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“On this day, tea chers around the nation enjoyed a day’s vacation and were given dried meat as gifts”可知, 在教师节这一天, 全国的教师都可以休假一天, 并且得到肉干作为礼物。

【误区警示】根据第二段第二句“Excellent performing teachers would be chosen from academies and learning institutions nationwide, reporting to the r oyal court and given 500 liang silver coins as awards”可知, C项500两的银币是奖给从全国范围内选出的优秀教师的, 故C

项错误。根据第三段“Until the Qing Dynasty, the ceremony. . . or promoted to higher positions”可知, A项的高职位是清朝时提供给优秀教师的。D项与第一段最后一句中的“a day’s vacation”不符, 故排除。

4. What’s the main id ea of the last four paragraphs?

A. Where teachers could get gifts in ancient China.

B. Why teachers got gifts in ancient China.

C. How teachers were presented with gifts in ancient China.

D. When teachers received gifts in ancient China.

【解析】选C。段落大意题。文章后四段主要介绍了在中国古代教师在哪些时间和场合接收礼物的情况。故选C。

【知识拓展】词汇积累

1. date back to追溯到……, 从……开始

2. banquet n. 宴会, 盛宴

3. worship v. 崇拜, 尊崇

4. nationwide a dj. & adv. 全国范围的, 全国性的; 在全国

5. accommodation n. 住处

6. foodstuff n. 食物, 食品

7. in exchange for 交换

8. tutor n. 家庭教师, 私人教师

B

A record 6. 15 million trips were made by Chinese mainland tourists to overseas destinations during the seven-day Spring Festival holiday,

which ended on Thursday, according to the China National Tourism Administration. That is an increase of 7 percent compared with last year’s Spring Festival. About 374, 000 trips were organized by travel agencies, a 2. 5 percent increase.

The administration also reported growth from individual and high-end (高端的) travelers and said that in addition to top and coastal cities, inland cities—such as those in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region—became important source markets. With many Chinese now traveling abroad for Spring Festival, their choice of destinations has expanded along with their growing interest in foreign cultures and services.

“Chinese tourists are increasingly willing to experience local cultures and services, including staying in private homes, appreciating plants and watching monkeys in hot springs, ” Li Xuejing, the agency’s marketing manager, said.

A Chinese tourist surnamed Guo, who was vacationing on an island in the Philippines, said: I now pay more attention to relaxation and enjoyment during the holidays instead of shopping or choosing gifts for relatives.

Another choice is Britain. Though the devaluation (货币贬值) of the pound is a factor, Britain’s rich history and famous education tradition have caught the eye of Chinese.

【文章大意】本文主要讲述的是在春节假期中国人选择外出旅游的人数急剧增长。

5. How many trips were made to foreign countries during the Golden Week of this Spring Festival holiday?

A. 6, 150, 000.

B. 2, 500, 000.

C. 7, 000, 000.

D. 374, 000.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段中“A record 6. 15 million trips were made by Chinese mainland tourists to overseas destinations during the seven-day Spring Festival holiday”可知答案为A。

6. What can we learn about some inland cities in Guangxi?

A. They’re reported to have become important attractions.

B. They’re famous for all kinds of plants and monkeys.

C. They have the best hot spring in the world.

D. They belong to coastal source markets.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中“in addition to top and coastal cities, inland cities—such as those in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region—became important source markets. ”可知, 广西壮族自治区也成了旅游的胜地。故选A。

7. What would Miss Guo do on her vacation according to the text?

A. Go shopping for gifts.

B. Study foreign cultures.

C. Relax and enjoy herself.

D. Chat with her relatives.

【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段中“I now pay more attention to

relaxation and enjoyment during the holidays instead of shopping or choosing gifts for relatives. ”可知, 她现在更注重放松和娱乐。

8. Where does the text probably come from?

A. A guide book.

B. A newspaper.

C. A scientific magazine.

D. An advertisement.

【解析】选B。推理判断题。整篇文章主要报道了中国人在春节期间外出旅游的人数急剧增加, 故本文应该是报纸中的一篇文章。

【知识拓展】难句解读

A record 6. 15 million trips were made by Chinese mainland tourists to overseas destinations during the seven-day Spring Festival holiday, which ended on Thursday, according to the China National Tourism Administration.

翻译: 根据中国国家旅游局的数据, 截止至周四在7天的春节假期期间, 中国大陆游客赴海外旅游达到了创纪录的615万人次。

分析: which引导非限制性定语从句, during the seven-day Spring Festival holiday为时间状语。

Ⅱ. 阅读填句

(2018·太原模拟) 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Traditional Chinese Culture

Chinese culture is over 5, 000 years old. 1.

The spirit of the tea ceremony

Xi Hu Long Jing (West Lake Dragon Well) and Yunnan Pu’er have long been world famous. 2. The spirit of the Chinese tea ceremony captures the Chinese attitude towards life and spirituality. These are the things that people all over the world can benefit from.

A handful of good tea leaves with some boiling water and a set of lovely tea ware is the perfect way to spend a sunny afternoon and gain some insight into the wisdom of this ancient civilization.

3

During the 5, 000 years of Chinese civilization, many different flavors, styles, and cuisines(烹饪) have developed based on traditional philosophy and culture. This ancient food culture has had a direct impact on the countries, such as Japan, Mongolia, South Korea, Thailand, and Singapore. It has benefited billions of people around the world through such innovations as Chinese vegetarian culture, tea culture, vinegar, pasta medicated diets, ceramic tableware, and the use of soybeans in the diet.

Confucianism

Confucianism has flourished during the last 2, 500 of China’s 5, 000-year history. 4. This school of thought has had the most profound and long lasting influence in China’s history. Seventy-four Nobel Prize winners and many other highly respected scholars have

state d that for the benefit of mankind’s livelihood and development into the next century, these teachings should be promoted and adopted worldwide.

5.

A. Chinese cuisine

B. Traditional Chinese culture

C. It has been the mainstay of this ancient civilization

D. They are pretty popular due to their superior color and flavor

E. The following three items of traditional Chinese culture have had a worldwide impact

F. This wonderfully rich food culture has also had an impact on Europe, America and Oceania

G. This would provide long lasting benefits for man, helping to ensure a peaceful and happy life

【文章大意】本文主要介绍的是中国的三项传统文化。

1. 【解析】选E。根据后面所介绍的三项传统文化可知, E 项“以下三项中国传统文化在世界范围内产生了影响”起到承上启下的作用。

2. 【解析】选D。前面提到中国的名茶——西湖龙井和云南普洱茶, 由此可知 D 项“他们由于色泽和味道而特别受欢迎”符合语境, 代词They就是指这两种名茶。

3. 【解析】选A。下一段主要介绍了中国的传统美食文化, 故本句是段落主题句“中国菜”。故选A。

4. 【解析】选C。根据前面的“儒学在中国的5 000年历史上至少蓬勃发展了2 500年”可知, C项“它是古代文明的支柱”符合语境。此处的It是指上文的“Confucianism”。

5. 【解析】选G。根据前面的“for the benefit of mankind’s livelihood and development into the next century”可知, G项“这将为人类提供持久的利益, 有助于确保和平与幸福的生活”符合语境。

Ⅲ. 短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Dear Mr Green,

I’m writing to tell you how is going on in our school—a basketball match to be holding next month. The match will be played among Xinhua Middle School Basketball Team and ours. Now we are organizing a basketball team, included a teacher as a player. We honest think you are the right one, so I’d like invite you to join our team. We had also

planned to do some training to build up our physical strengths and improve our skills. I am sure it will be a great fun. All of us are expecting him to come.

Yours,

Li Hua 答案:

1. 【解析】第一句how→what。宾语从句缺少主语, 应用连接代词what。

2. 【解析】第一句holding→held。match与hold是逻辑上的动宾关系。故应用不定式的被动形式。

3. 【解析】第二句among→between。between. . . and. . . 为固定结构。

4. 【解析】第三句included→including。句子不缺少谓语动词, 故用介词including。

5. 【解析】第四句honest→honestly。修饰动词要用副词。

6. 【解析】第四句在like后加to。would like to do sth. 乐意做某事。固定短语。

7. 【解析】第五句had→have。由上下文可知说的是现在的状况, 故用现在时态。

8. 【解析】第五句strengths→strength。此处strength作“体力”讲是不可数名词, 没有复数形式。

9. 【解析】第六句删除不定冠词“a”。fun是不可数名词。前面不用冠词。

10. 【解析】第七句him→you。由上下文可知, 应用第二人称。

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