初二英语上册知识点:语法结构

初二英语上册知识点:语法结构
初二英语上册知识点:语法结构

初二英语上册知识点:语法结构

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运用的基本结构可以分为五个类型。

1、主语+系动词+表语

列如:She is a student He has become an engineer

It tastes sweet They are in the classroom

动词是系动词,其后的表语表示主语的身份,特征或者状态。英语中可用作系动词的数量很少,最常用的是be的各种变化形式,系动词,如become,turn,look,seem,appear,sound,taste,smell,remain,prove,keep,fall,等

2、主语+动词

列如:water flows He is reading

She has arrived They will

come Mary cried

例如:They have reached NEW YORK They have arrived at NEWYORK

3、主语+动词+宾语

例如:Tom speaks English He bought a jacket

They have finished the job Rose is reading a book

及物动词,其后必须跟一个宾语

3、主语+动词+宾语+宾语

例如:Mr Brown teaches them English Mother told me a story

Give us a ring when you arrive at the college

The students are giving the classroom a thorough clean up

直接宾语是动作承受者或结果,间接宾语则表示动作是为谁做的

4、主语+动词+宾语+补语

例如:We elected him chairman We should keep the

classroom clean

I want her to come She had a new dress made、

She heared him singing 宾语和补语在逻辑上是主与表或者主与谓的关系。也就是说补语表示宾语的特征,身份,状态,或是宾语的行为动作。如果这一结构的句子变为被动句,那么原来的宾语变成了主语,后面的补语便是主语的补语

:We found him

所有者成分都是必不可少的,缺少任何一个成分都会破坏句子结构的完整性。句子结构中的基本成分包括主语、动词、表语、宾语、和补语、英语句子中还有起修饰作用的定语和状语,以及起解释说明作用的同位语。下面括号部分即为定语、状语和同位语。

例如:She is a good student

They will come soon

Mr Brown,Tom’s father ,is an engineer

因此,英语的句子成分主语有主语,动词,表语,宾语,补语,定语,状语和同位语。问题:名词作表语和名词作单宾之间的区别?名词作宾语补足语和名词作直接宾语的差别?

分析下列各句属于哪种基本结构,并划出各个句子成分。

1、I saw Jane in the reading room

2、Production grows rapidly

3、They treated me as their own son

4、His classmates made him their monitor

5、Victor passed Robert the ball

6、You did not need to arrive so early

7、The children ran merrily after him

8、It is getting dark

9、Martin,my good friend,has given me a lot of help

10、Circumstances do not permit me to leave

11、The population of city rose by 20 percent

12、She had a new dress made

13、Her face turned red at his words

14、The old professor lectures twice a week

15、Tom become a good student at last

16、I want that blue skirt ,the one on the left

17、They will have a meeting in room 205

18、Her parents bought her a new radio

19、She told us a lot of interesting stories

20、The food smells nice

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She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 3) What...? 与 Which...? 1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如: What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的? 该句相当于: What does your father do? What is your father's job? Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如: ---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特? ---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。 2. What...?是泛指,所指的事物没有范围的限制;而 Which...?是特指,所指的事物有范围的限制。如: What color do you like best? (所有颜色) 你最喜爱什么颜色? Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? (有特定的范围) 你最喜爱哪一种颜色? 3. what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如: Which pictures are from China? 哪些图片来自中国? 4) 频度副词的位置 1.常见的频度副词有以下这些: always(总是,一直) usually(通常) often(常常,经常) sometimes(有时候) never(从不)

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You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下: 一般疑问句构成: (1)will+主语+do…? Will Sarah e to visit me next Sunday? (2)there be 结构的一般疑问句:Will there + be …? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won't 否定句构成:will + not (won't)+do

Sarah won't e to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成: 特殊疑问词+will+主语+…?What will Sarah do next Sunday? (二) should的用法: should用来提出建议和忠告,后边加动词原形,否定句直接在should后边加not. 例如:I think you should eat less junk food. 我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。 She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot. 她经常开车,很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。

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