2018年人教版英语选修8 Unit 5 单元综合检测

单元综合测评

Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

A

Even at school there had been an unhealthy competition between George and Richard.

“I'll be the first millionaire in Coleford！” Richard used to boast.

“And you'll be sorry you knew me，”George would reply “because I'll be the best lawyer in the town！”

George never did become a lawyer and Richard never made any money.Instead both men opened bookshops on opposite sides of Coleford High Street.It was hard to make money from books, which made the competition between them worse.

Then Richard married a mysterious girl.The couple spent their honeymoon on the coast—but Richard never came back.The police found his wallet on a deserted beach but the body was never found.He must have drowned.

Now with only one bookshop in town, business was better for George.But sometimes he sat in his narrow, old kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window, thinking about his formal rival.Perhaps he missed him?

George was very interested in old dictionaries.He'd recently found a collector in Australia who was selling a rare first edition.When the parcel arrived, the book was in perfect condition and George was delighted.But while he was having lunch, George glanced at the photo in the newspaper that the book had been wrapped in.He was astonished—the smiling face was older than he remembered but unmistakable! Trembling, George started reading.

“Bookends have bought ten bookstores from their rival Dylans. The company, owned by multi-millionaire Richard Pike, is now the largest bookseller in Australia.”

【语篇解读】从上学开始，乔治和理查德就是竞争对手，两个各在街角开了两家书店，最终理查德成了澳大利亚最大的书商，身价数百万，而仍然固守自己的小书店的乔治，没有取得大成就。

1. George and Richard were at school.

A．roommates B．good friends

C．competitors D．booksellers

【解析】细节理解题。由第一段“Even at school there had been an unhealthy competition between George and Richard.”可知从上学开始，乔治和理查德就是竞争对手。

【答案】 C

2. How did George feel about Richard after his disappearance?

A．He envied Richard's marriage.

B．He thought of Richard from time to time.

C．He felt lucky with no rival in town.

D．He was guilty of Richard's death.

【解析】细节理解题。由第六段“But sometimes he sat in his narrow, old kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window, thinking about his formal rival.Perhaps he missed him？”可知理查德消失后乔治常常想起他来，故B项正确。

【答案】 B

3. What can we infer from this article?

A. Richard' wife played an important part in his career.

B．Competition could make close friends become rivals.

C．George got information about Richard from the wrapping paper of a book.

D．Richard became a millionaire while George had no great success.

【解析】细节理解题。由最后一段“The company, owned by multi-millionaire Richard Pike, is now the largest bookseller in Australia.”可知理查德成了澳大利亚最大的书商，身价数百万，而仍然固守自己的小书店的乔治，没有取得大成就，故选D。

【答案】 D

B

Time: July 16－20, 2016

Location: Norman Park Conference Center

Price: 500

Students who have completed the 5th, 6th or 7th grade and meet the specified requirements can take part in this exciting mission opportunity.Children will spend 5 days in the Center joining in various activities.

Our theme for this camp is “Teamwork”．The title speaks to our goal: We want

this trip to help our students improve their cooperation awareness.

WHAT TO DO：

STEP ONE: FORM WORK

*Click on the link to print out the necessary forms: Propel Missions Camp Forms *Complete the forms, printing neatly and clearly.

*Turn in your forms along with a copy of your insurance card to the office during business hours.

PARTICIPANT FORM

* This form must be signed and notarized(公证)．

* Your form may be notarized at the office during normal office hours, at the Children's reception desk before and after service times, or by a Notary Public of your choosing.

SPECIAL NEEDS FORM(If needed)

Special Needs form should be filled out only if there is a particular need (as described in the form) of which we and the camp should know.

ROOMMATE FORM

This form will help us place your child in a room with the peers of his or her preference.We will provide a list of students attending at your request to help your child make his or her choices.

STEP TWO: READ

Click on the link and read carefully the Parent Information Packet provided by the camp: Propel Missions Camp Forms 2016.

Contact Information

If interested, contact Pastor Scott at scott.Morrison@fbc v https://www.360docs.net/doc/5b13985992.html, or call the office at (912)537-4169.

【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了一则夏令营的广告，详细介绍了这次夏令营的时间、报名信息、报名要求以及主题等具体要求。

4. What does the underlined word “cooperation” mean?

A．Environment.B．Teamwork.

C．Communication. D．Safety.

【解析】词义猜测题。根据本段“Our theme for this camp is ‘Teamwork’．The title speaks to our goal: We want this trip to help our students

improve their cooperation awareness.”可知这次夏令营的主题就是“团队合作”，也就是说希望通过这次夏令营帮助学生提高合作意识。所以cooperation和teamwork是近义词。故B项正确。

【答案】 B

5. What do you know about the camp?

A．It will begin on July 16 and last for five days.

B．Students in any grade can take part in the camp.

C．Parents are allowed to accompany their children.

D．Students can join in the camp for free.

【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一行Time: July 16－20, 2016可知本次夏令营是从7月16日开始到20日结束，为期5天。故A项正确。

【答案】 A

6．If you want to join in the camp, you must ．

A. be over six years old

B．have some experiences of camp

C．fill out some forms first

D．hand in a brief introduction of yourself

【解析】细节理解题。根据“WHAT TO DO”部分中“STEP ONE: FORM WORK*Click on the link to print out the necessary forms: Propel Missions Camp Forms*Complete the forms, printing neatly and clearly.”可知第一步就是要完成有关的表格。

【答案】 C

7．It can be known from the passage that ．

A. the camp will give an insurance card to every child

B．there are only indoor activities for all campers

C．the aim of the camp is to improve the kids' independence

D．there are two ways for you to contact the camp

【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一部分Contact Information部分中If interested, contact Pastor Scott at scott.Morrison@fbc v https://www.360docs.net/doc/5b13985992.html, or call the office at (912)537-4169.可知有两种方法和夏令营取得联系：邮件和打电话，故选D项。

【答案】 D

C

Empathy is the ability to put oneself in another person's emotional shoes.This ability is rooted in people's moral reasoning. Empathy is a powerful emotion. Even so, people's attention can be easily drawn away from empathy by other emotions and even external factors (外部因素)．

Empathy can bring us to tears and inspire us to great action of selflessness.We can feel a great amount of empathy for someone and something, but then we can turn around and feel no empathy at all for someone else. For instance，people might feel empathy for a lost child, and this emotion might lead them to feel angry with and aggressive toward the parents who they think are at fault.People also prefer to apply empathy to their own in-groups, and tend not to feel as much empathy for out-groups. That can be across any boundary. It's one of the curious things about humans. We can distinguish in-groups and out-groups across any boundary we decide.

Another serious problem about empathy is what's called fundamental attribution error. It means that people assume other people's actions are mostly driven by their personalities, rather than external factors that are out of their control. However, when people think about their own behaviour, they do take these external factors into account. In other words, if your kid gets away from you at the zoo, you can list the reasons why: He's fast; the place is crowded；your other kids need your attention. If someone else's kid slips away at the zoo，you may conclude it's because the person is a bad parent.

“People in individualistic cultures are more likely to make this error, and are more likely in general to think certain actions are caused by the individual instead of the situation，”said Jean Twenge, a psychologist. “Since U．S. culture has grown more individualistic, it makes sense that people are now more likely to reproach individuals when things go wrong.”

【语篇解读】本文是议论文，话题是日常生活类。本文主要介绍了现在的人，尤其是美国这种个人文化盛行的国家，人们移情心减弱。当发生事故时，往往责备人，而不考虑当时情形。

8. When do people feel empathy?

A．When they are able to control their emotions.

B．When they are doing morally reasonable things.

C．When they imagine they are in another person's situation.

D．When they allow external factors to control their emotions.

【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，移情就是把自己臵身于另外一个人的情况下。

【答案】 C

9．What can we learn about empathy in Paragraph 2?

A．It is judged by different standards.

B．It can be used to create a boundary.

C．It can show who does something wrong.

D．It is highly flexible in the same situation.

【解析】推理判断题。根据We can feel a great amount of empathy for someone and something, but then we can turn around and feel no empathy at all for someone else可知，移情是灵活的，它可以瞬间变化。

【答案】 D

10．What is the feature of the fundamental attribution error?

A．The power of external factors.

B．The power of one's personalities.

C．Not considering external factors.

D．Not considering one's personalities.

【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，the fundamental attribution error的特征是不考虑外部因素。

【答案】 C

11．What does the underlined word “reproach” in the last paragraph mean?

A．Blame. B．Hate.

C．Tease. D．Upset.

【解析】词义猜测题。联系People in individualistic cultures are more likely to make this error, and are more likely in general to think certain actions are caused by the individual instead of the situation及when things go wrong可知，reproach的意思是“责备”，与blame的意思相近。

【答案】 A

D

In the depths of the French Guianese rainforest，there still remain unusual groups of indigenous (土著的) people.Surprisingly，these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs.And yet，people in this area are in fact French citizens because it has been a colony (殖民地) of the French Republic since 1946.In theory，they should live by the French law.However，their remote locations mean that the French law is often ignored or unknown，thus making them into an interesting area of “lawlessness”in the world.

The lives of these people have finally been recorded thanks to the efforts of a Frenchman from Paris called Gin.Gin spent five months in early 2015 exploring the most remote corners of this area，which sits on the edge of the Amazon-rainforest，with half its population of only 250，000 living in its capital，Cayenne.

“I have a special love for the French Guianese people.I have worked there on and off for almost ten years，”says Gin.“I've been able to keep firm friendships with them.Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their living environment.I don't see it as a lawless land.But rather I see it as an area of freedom.”

“I wanted to show the audience a photographic record touching upon the uncivilized life，”continues Gin.“I prefer to work in black and white，which allows me to show different specific worlds more clearly.”

His black-and-white pictures present a world almost lost in time.These pictures show people seemingly pushed into a world that they were unprepared for.These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self-supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic，which brings with it not only necessary state welfare，but also alcoholism，betrayal and even suicide.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。在法国圭亚那地区的热带雨林深处居住着一群土著居民。他们虽然是法国公民，却按照自己的方式生活。一位摄影家的照片使这群土著居民进入公众视野，也使他们逐渐受到现代的法国生活方式的影响。

12．Why does the author feel surprised about the indigenous people in French Guiana?

A．They seldom follow the French law.

B．They often ignore the Guianese law.

C．They are separated from the modern world.

D．They are both Guianese and French citizens.

【解析】细节理解题。由题干中的feel surprised定位到第一段中的信息Surprisingly，these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs...，由此可知让作者吃惊的是，这些土著人在很大程度上按照他们自己的法律和社会风俗生活，尽管他们实际上是法国公民，却不遵守法国法律(the French law is often ignored)，故选A项“他们很少遵守法国法律”。B项应改为They often ignore the French law.；C项和D项不是作者感到吃惊的原因。

【答案】 A

13．Gin introduces the special world of the indigenous Guianese as ．A．a tour guide B．a geographer

C．a film director D．a photographer

【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的show the audience a photographic record以及第五段中的black-and-white pictures可推知Gin是一名摄影师，他通过拍摄的照片让观众了解这群土著居民，故选D项“一名摄影师”。A项“导游”，B项“地理学家”，C项“电影导演”，均与文中所提供的信息不符。

【答案】 D

14．What is Gin's attitude towards the lives of the indigenous Guianese?

A．Cautious. B．Doubtful.

C．Uninterested. D．Appreciative.

【解析】推理判断题。通读第三段可知，Gin对这群土著居民有特殊的爱，他们之间有深厚的友谊。Gin认为这是一块自由的土地。由这些描述可知Gin欣赏这群土著居民的生活方式，故选D项appreciative(欣赏的)。A项cautious “谨慎的”，B项doubtful“怀疑的”，C项uninterested“不感兴趣的”，均与文章内容不符。

【答案】 D

15．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?

A．The modern French lifestyle.