仁爱九上Unit3.topic2_重点知识点归纳详解及练习
Unit 3 English around the world
Topic.2 Some things usually have different meanings in different culture.
一．重要句型：
Section A
1.I can’t believe that I’m flying to Disneyland tomorrow.我简直不敢相信我就要飞往迪斯尼了。
此句中am flying是表示一般将来时.英语中,"位移动词"或称"趋向动词"?可以用现在进行时的结构表示将来发生的动作, 这类动词有"leave", "leave for", "leave … for…", "come," "fly…", "return", "arrive", "go",? "start"(出发), 等等, 如:
I'm going.我要走了.
I'm coming! 我就来!
2. Michael and Kangkang are going to see them off. 迈克和康康打算给他们送行。
3. Now they are on the way to the airport.现在他们在去飞机场的路上。
A. on the way to...... 在某人.......的路上；
On my way to school,I met my best friend. 在我上学的路上，我遇见了我的好朋友。
B. 当地点是副词时，不用to；
On his way home, he bought a cake. 在他回家的路上，他买了一块蛋糕。
C. the way to...... 去......的路；
This is the way to school. 这是去学校的路。
4. Michael see a stranger putting out his hand with his thumb raised. 迈克尔看到一位陌生人拇指向上伸出手。
(1) A. see sb. do sth.看见某人做了某事，强调看见动作的全过程，现在动作已结束。
I often see Tom play basketball on the playground. 我经常看见汤姆在操场上打篮球。
B. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事，强调动作正在进行。
I saw Tom playing basketball on the playground yesterday this time.我昨天这个时候看见汤姆正在操场上打篮球。
(2) put out 伸出; 熄灭；
Jim put his foot out and tripped me. 吉姆把脚伸出来把我绊倒了。
(3) with his thumb raised (介词短语做伴随状语)，其中raised是过去分词作his thumb的后置定语。The thief stood there with his arms tied behind his back. 那个贼双手被绑在背后站在那里。
5.What’s up? 怎么了？
6.The reach the airport twenty minutes late. 二十分钟后他们到达了机场。
reach=arrive in/at =get to 到达某地；
A. reach 及物动词，后面直接跟表示地点的词；
He will reach home tomorrow.他明天将到家。
B. get to 是口头用语；
What time shall we get to Shanghai? 我们什么时候到达上海？
C. arrive at + (小地名)；arrive in +（大地名）；
arrive in Beijing 到达北京；arrive at the station 到达车站；
注意：当get to, arrive at/ in,与副词连用，不用介词。
7.Whenever you need help, send me an e-mail or call me. 无论何时你需要帮助，就给我发电子邮件或打电话。
(1) whenever = no matter when
(2) A. send sth. to sb. / send sb. sth. 给某人寄/ 发送某物；
He sent a letter to his friend. = He sent his friend a letter. 他寄了一封信给他的朋友。
B. send sb. to +地点，让某人前往某处；
She sent the kids to bed early. 她早早打发孩子们睡觉了。
8. They will board in several minutes and their friend will pick them up in California. 几分钟后他们要登机了，在加利福利亚他们的朋友会来接他们。
(1) A. board v. 上船（或火车，飞机，公共汽车等）；
Passengers are waiting to board. 乘客们正在候机。
B. board n. 木板；A black board 黑板；
(2) in在…以后，后加时间段，常与将来时连用；
She will be back in three minutes. 她三分钟后回来。
(3) pick sb. up 意为“（开车）接人、让人乘车、搭载”。如：
I’ll pick you up at 9:00. 我九点来接你。
Section B
1.Did you notice that Miss Wang smiles when she is happy?你有没有注意到王老师高兴时会微笑？
notice v. 看（或听）到，注意到，意识到；
A.notice sb. do sth. 注意某人经常做了某事或做过某事，强调看见动作的全过程，现在动作已结束。
I often notice them run on the playground. 我经常看到他们在操场上跑步。
B. notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事，强调动作正在进行。
I notice he is playing computer. 我看见他正在玩电脑。
C. notice + that 从句；
I notice that she is in a good mood today. 我注意到她今天心情很好。
D. notice n. 注意，察觉，通知，布告等；
a notice saying “keep off the grass”写着“勿踏草地”的布告牌
2.Then I know whether she will praise or punish us.由此我知道她会表扬还是惩罚我们。
（1）whether... or... “是......还是......”，引导的是宾语从句。
I don’t know whether it’s Saturday or Sunday today.我不知道今天是星期六还是星期日。
（2）A. if 引导宾语从句时，作为“是否”讲，可与whether互换。
I don’t know if / whether he will come here today. 我不知道他今天是否会来这儿。
B. if引导条件状语从句时，作“如果”讲，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来(主将从现）。
We will have a picnic if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去野餐。
3.calm down! 冷静！
（1）calm 意为“使平静”，也可作形容词，表示“平静的，沉着的”，指无风浪或人的心情不激动。
We must be calm before danger. 危险面前我们要沉着冷静。
（2）quiet 宁静的，安静的；指没有声音，不吵闹或心里没有烦恼。
Ask the boys to keep quiet. 让孩子们保持安静。
（3）silent寂静的，沉默的；不发音的指没有声音或不说话。
The girl keep silent about the matter.那个女孩对这件事保持沉默。
4.I’m puzzled. 我不明白。
5.I’m just kidding. 我只是开玩笑。
A. kid v.( 尤指作为玩笑）戏弄，嘲笑，欺骗。
Don’t get mad. I was just kidding. 别生气，我不过是开玩笑。
B. kid n.（非正式）孩子，儿童。
I’m going taking the kids to the zoo today. 我今天带孩子们去动物园。
Section C
1.Dogs are considered honest and good friends of humans. 人们认为狗是忠诚的，而且是人类的好朋友。
consider v. 考虑，认为;
常用结构：A. consider sb. / sth. (as) sth. = regard sb. / sth. as sth. 视某人/ 某物为........
We consider Mr zhang (as) the best teacher in our school.
我们视张老师为我们学校最好的老师。
B. consider doing sth. 考虑做某事；
They are considering buying a new car. 他们正在考虑买一辆车。
2.And “every dog has its day” means each person has good luck at times. “every dog has its day”意思是“凡人皆有得意时”。
at times“有时，间或”，相当于sometimes;
Life is hard at times. 生活有事很难。
链接：at one time曾经，一度；at this time此时此刻；all the time一直，始终；
in time及时；on time按时;
3.The ancient emperors compared themselves to dragons. 古代的皇帝把自己比作龙。
A. compare A to B 把A 比作B；
Man’s life is often compared to a candle. 人生常被比为蜡烛。
B. compare A with B 把A 和B 相比；
Compare American English with British English, you can find some differences. 把美式英语与英式英语作比较，你会发现一些不同之处。
Section D
1. “cookbook” from German.从德语中借用了“cookbook” （食谱）。
German (n.)德语，德国人。其复数形式是“Germans”；Germany 德国；
注意：由man组成的合成词复数形式是把a变为e 。如：policemen 而German不是由man组成的合成词。
2. The English language has changed little in the past few centuries. 英语在过去的几个世纪中变化很小。
“in the past + 时间段”表示“在过去的......”，通常用现在完成时中，类似的短语有in recent years 最近今年；
In the past five years, China has developed rapidly. 在过去的五年里，中国发展得很快。
We have learned about 3 000 English words in recent years.
最近几年，我们已经学了大学三千个英语单词。
3.the English language is changing all the time.英语语言一直在变化。
4.I’m writing to you from California. 我正在加利福利亚给你写信。
write to sb. 给某人写信。
I wrote to my mother yesterday. 我昨天给我妈妈写了一封信。
5.Even worse, I can’t understand some of their body language and spelling.更糟糕的是，我不能理解他们的肢体语言及单词拼写。
even worse意同what’s worse，用来引出更糟糕的情况。
二．重点词组：
1．see....off 送别，给某人送行；
2．on the way to...... 在某人.......的路上；
the way to...... 去......的路；
3．on the way home 回家的路上；
4．see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事；
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事；
5．put out 伸出; 熄灭；
6．ask for a ride 想搭车；
give sb. a ride 送某人一程，给某人以方便；
7．get on 上车；
8．reach=arrive in/at =get to 到达某地；
9．be worried about 对.....感到着急/ 担心；
worry about 对.....着急，担心；
10．have much difficulty in doing sth. 做某事有困难；
11．send sth. to sb. / send sb. sth. 给某人寄/ 发送某物；
send sb. to+地点让某人前往某处；
12．leave for +地点动身去某地；
13．pick sb. up （开车）接人、让人乘车、搭载；14．give...... a speech 给.....演讲；
15．wave one’s hand 招手；
16．a sign of respect 尊重的标志；
17．body language 肢体语言；
18．a homeless dog 丧家犬；
a running dog 走狗；
a mad dog 疯狗；
a dog catching a mouse 狗拿耗子多管闲事；
19．western culture 西方文化；
20．negative meaning 贬义；
positive meaning 褒义；
21．have good luck 有好运；
22．at times 有时；有时，间或；
23．as we know 众所周知；
24．ancient times 古代；
25．strong and magical creatures 强大而且有魔力的动物；26．compare A to B 把A 比作B；
compare A with B 把A 和B 相比；
27．pay attention to + v.ing 注意，留心；
28．become “dragons”望子成龙；
29．have similar meanings 有相似的含义；
30．consider sb. / sth. (as) sth. = regard sb. / sth. as sth. 视某人/ 某物为........
consider doing sth. 考虑做某事；
31．a symbol of love 爱情的象征；
32．stand for 代表；
33．be different from 不同于.......；
34．understand each other 互相理解；
35．in the past + 时间段在过去的......；
36．write to sb. 给某人写信；
37．(英):ground floor (美):first floor 一楼；
38．all the time 一直；
39．take the subway= take the underground 乘地铁；
40．written/oral English 书面/口头英语；
41．come about （强调原因）=happen （强调偶然性）发生；42．How are you doing? 你好吗？
43．write back to sb. 写回信给某人；
44．even worse 更糟糕的是；
45．Best wishes to sb. 向某人致以最美好的祝愿；
46．
三．重点语法~~用现在进行时表示将来
“am / is / are + v.-ing”是现在进行时的结构，通常表示“现在”这个时间里“正在”发生的动作。但是表示暂时性动作的动词，通常情况下，用现在进行时表示将来。英语中，表示暂时性动作，常用进行时表示将来的动词有come, go, arrive, leave, start, fly, die等。例：Don’t worry. The train is arriving here soon.别着急，火车马上就到了。
1. 表示转移动词。
I’m going. 我要走了。
When are you starting?你什么时候动身？
2. 亦可用于某些非位移动词。
I’m meeting you after class. 课后我找你。
What are you doing next Sunday? 下星期天你打算干什么？
3. 表示将来的现在进行时，有时含有“决心”的意思，多用在否定结构中。
I’m not going. 我不走了。
4. 但有时也用于肯定结构中。
I’m backing out. 我要打退堂鼓了。
5. 用这种现在进行时与对方讲话可变成命令，不过语气比较温和。
Don’t forget, you are taking part, too. 你不要忘记，你也要参加。
四：交际用语：
谈论不同国家英语的不同点并了解交际中的身体语言。
1.I can’t follow you. Can you speak more slowly, please?
2.Oh, it sounds interesting.
3.If you want to succeed in making yourself understood, you need to know some of these differences
4.---What’s up? ---The foreigner is asking for a ride.
五．练习：
A. 选择题。
( )1. We’ll never give up our plan________ happens.
A. however
B. whatever
C. whenever
D. wherever
( )2. I wonder if the foreign friends ________ for Shanghai next week.
A. leave
B. leaves
C. left
D. are leaving
( )3. Don’t ________your hands from the window when you are on a bus.
A. put out
B. put on
C. take off
D. throw away
( )4. Liu Hai met his elder brother on ________home.
A. his way to
B. their way to
C. his way
D. their way
( )5. My uncle will go abroad tomorrow. I am going to ________ at the airport.
A. sent him off
B. see off him
C. meet him
D. see him off
( )6. As we know, Australia is _________country as well.
A.an English-speaking
B.an English-spoken
C.a speaking-English
D.the English-spoken
( )7. How about going to the Yellow Mountain this weekend? —It _______ interesting.
A. sounds
B. tastes
C. smells
D. feels
( )8. —When _______you ________to Japan? —Tomorrow morning.
A. are; fly
B. are; flying
C. are; to fly
D. did; fly
( )9. —Jim, you speak so fast. I can’t _____you. —Oh, sorry. I will say it again slowly.
A. listen
B. watch
C. follow
D. think
( )10. My father was bought a computer for me. It is the same_________.
A. with you
B. with yours
C. as you
D. as yours
( )11. —I hope you can succeed _______up your own company. —Thank you.
A. on setting
B. in setting
C. on set
D. in set
( )12. She was glad that she could make herself_________.
A. to understand
B. understand
C. understood
D. Understanding
B. 根据汉语提示完成句子。
1) Maybe you should ______ your father ______ _______ _______ (请求搭车) to school.
2) Don’t ________ ________(伸出) our hand w hen the train is moving. It’s dangerous.
3) They arrived at the stadium in time, but they still couldn’t __________(进入).
4) He will be away for a long time, so I’m going to______ him ______(送行) at the station.
5) The train will stop 20 times in the journey to _______ _______(搭载) passengers.
6)We use ______ ______（肢体语言）to communicate how we feel.
7) I think that is ______ ______（所谓的）body language.
8)We bow when we are saying hello ______ ______ ______（以示）of respect.
9). His decision is _________（认为）to be wrong.
10). Jack is _________（诚实）and we all believe him.
11). Chinese people always _________（比较）the Yellow River to mother.
12).In ________（古代的）China, many emperors made special medicine for long life.
C. 根据所给要求完成句子。
1. My grandparents reached the train station twenty minutes ago.(同义句转换)
My grandparents __________ ____________the train station twenty minutes ago.
2. My son has some trouble in learning English.(同义句转换)
My son has some ___________ in learning English.
3. The film is starting at 5 o’clock i n the afternoon.(同义句转换)
The film _________ _________ __________ start at 5 o’clock in the afternoon.
4. Zhang Hua is coming home in half an hour. (对画线部分提问)
_________ __________ is Zhang Hua coming home?
5. They make toys in the factory.(改为被动语态)
Toys _________ _________in the factory by ____________.
6 我想知道肢体语言在不同的文化中是否有着同样的意思。
I _______ ________ body language means the same thing _______ all _______.
7. 我的朋友今晚过来。
My friends _________ ____________ over this evening.
8. 下周五我们乘飞机去上海。
We __________ ___________ ___________ Shanghai next Friday.
9. 我不知道明天是不是会下雨。
I don’t know ________ it _______ _______ tomorrow or not.
10. 如果明天不下雨，我们将去梵净山。
______ it ______ _______ tomorrow, we ______ ______ to Mount Fanjing.
11.在我们班里他的发音被认为是最棒的。
His _______ is ______ to be the most excellent in our class.
12.他明天要动身去伦敦，我会为他送行。
He ______ ______ ______ London tomorrow and I will ______ ______ ______ .
13.说英语时不要害怕出错。
Don’t be afraid to ______ ______ while speaking English.
14.我们常会把父亲比作大山。
We often ______ father ______ a mountain.
D. 阅读理解。
(1)
Miss Wang is a young teacher of English in a middle school in Chongqing. She loves teaching very much. One day when she was giving an English lesson, she found Mr. Li, the headmaster, sitting at the back of the classroom. After class, Mr. Li told her that he came to her class to find out how much English and how much Chinese she was using in class. The result was about half English and half Chinese. She was using Chinese when she gave instructions(指示) to her students and when she explained some grammar rules to her students. Mr. Li suggested her that she should use English as much as she could in class.
Miss Wang made the following plans:
▲Join an English club and practice speaking English.
▲Learn more English teaching expressions by heart.
▲Have a five-minute talk with students in English before class.
She used body language to make herself understood whenever students could not follow her.
One year later, she found she could speak English fluently in class.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
( )1. Miss Wang ___________.
A. hates to teach English
B. is a teacher of Chinese
C. loves her job
D. is angry with the headmaster
( )2. Mr. Li came to Miss Wang’s class to ________.
A. practice speaking English
B. make Miss Wang understood
C. give instructions to the students
D. find out how much English and how much Chinese Miss Wang was using in class
( )3. After Mr. Li left, Miss Wang realized that she should ________ in her class.
A. use more Chinese
B. use more English
C. use half English and half Chinese
D. use body language
( )4. The underlined word “fluently” means________.
A. easily and well
B. completely
C. slowly
D. recently
( )5. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Joining an English club.
B. Talking with the students before class.
C. Speaking more English in English classes.
D. Learning more English teaching expressions.
(2)
Cats are the most popular pets among Americans. So it’s not surprising there’re many expressions（表达）about cats. Do you know any of them?
Some cats like to catch small birds, like canaries. If someone looks very proud of himself. We say he looks like the cat that ate the canary.
Couples should respect and love each other. But at times a number of couples can’t agree with each other. If a couple often quarrel（吵闹）with each other, we say they have a cat-and-dog life.
If you tell someone an important thing that you don’t want anybody else to know, you can tell him, “It’s a secret. Try not to let the cat out of the bag.”
When you don’t have a good chance, you shouldn’t take action. We can say you’re waiting for the cat to jump.
A fat cat is a person with a lot of money. It rains cats and dogs means it rains heavily. Your new car is the
cat’s meow（猫叫声）means your car is really good.
There are many other expressions about cats in America. How interesting! Can you use these expressions to communicate with others?
根据短文内容，判断正（T）误（F）。
( )1. A canary is a kind of cat in America.
( )2.The couple lives a cat-and-dog life means they they can get along well with each other.
( )3.If you want someone to keep a secret, you should sa y “Try not to let the cat out of the bag”.
( )4.Someone buys a beautiful house. We can say “Your new house is the cat’s meow”.
( )5.”You’re waiting for the cat to jump.”means someone makes a lot of money.