2015年职称英语考试理工类(A、B、C级)阅读判断模拟试题

He Spanish Flu Epidemic

If you're worried about the possibility of a coming bird flu epidemic,you can take comfort in the fact that humanity has survived a similar influenza epidemic in the past.Starting its rounds at the end of World War I,the1918flu killed an estimated 50million people.

Popularly known as the Spanish Flu,this type of influenza was far worse than your common cold.Normally,influenza only kills those who are more vulnerable to disease,such as newborns,the old or the sick.However,the Spanish Flu was prone to killing the young and healthy.Often it would disable its victims in hours;within a day,they would be dead,typically from extreme cases of pneumonia(肺炎).

The Spanish Flu was quite nasty-fast-spreading and deadly.It managed to spread across the globe,devastating the world.Then suddenly,after two years ravaging(蹂躏)the Earth,it disappeared as quickly as it had arisen.

Despite its nickname,the Spanish Flu did not originate in Spain.Its true origins are unknown.Some believe it started in US forts and then spread to Europe as America joined the war; others think that it populated the trenches of the English and the French and eventually broke out in1918.Regardless of where it started,eventually a fifth of the world population suffered

the disease,with a global mortality rate(死亡率)estimated at 2.5%of the population.

Modernity was partly to blame for the quick spread of the disease.It passed throughout the world on trade routes and shipping lines.It hit Northern America,Europe,Asia,Africa and the South Pacific.The war did not help at all-the movement of supplies and troops aided the spread of the Spanish Flu,as well as the trench warfare.Imagine the speed at which a virus can spread in a crowded ditch.The fast emergence of the virus in the trenches caused some soldiers to believe that the Spanish Flu was a new form of biological warfare.

Luckily,the Spanish Flu simply vanished by1920.It is believed the flu simply ran out of fuel to spread.

1.The Spanish Flu started during World War I.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

2.The Spanish Flu posed a greater threat to the old and the sick.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

3.As the Spanish Flu was spreading,people in Australia were worried.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

4.The Spanish Flu disappeared two years after it broke out.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

5.The Spanish Flu was named after the place where it started.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

6.About half of the people in the world suffered from the Spanish Flu.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

7.Biological warfare originated in the20th century.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioneded

参考答案：1.A2.B3.C4.A5.B6.B7.C

Irradiating Food

Irradiating fruits,vegetables,pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so.Irradiation of other meats,such as beef and lamb,is being reviewed.Federal approval does not require that industry adopt the process,and few food processors presently offer irradiated products.

Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated foods may cause cancer,despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated foods.Some people argue that more severe government inspection,higher food-safety standards,and more careful-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe. Consequently,companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.

All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label the food either directly on the packaging,or,in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables,by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors,nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.

Presently,the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiation--gamma rays,high-energy electrons,and X rays--and sets limits on doses,depending on the type of food.The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it. Different types of food,because of their molecular compositions,may require different doses of radiation.

1.According to the passage,killing insects and bacteria present in foods by irradiating is not completely approved by the US government.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

2.There are quite a number of food processors which are interested in producing irritated foods.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

3.Some consumers are doubtful of the safety of irradiated foods and suggest a more severe government inspection be taken.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

4.Some companies foresee the promising future of setting up food processing factories,although they do not see the need now.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

5.It is required that labels placed on irradiated food or nearby bulk items such as vegetables and fruits should indicate irradiated ingredients.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

6.Restaurants can serve irradiated food bought directly from distributors without labeling it.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

7.The passage tells us that FDA approves irradiating food to some extent but irradiated food is not widely accepted.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

答案：1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.A7.A Irish Dolphins May Have a Unique Dialect

Irish scientists monitoring dolphins living in a river estuary in the southwest of the country believe they may have developed a unique dialect to communicate with each other.The Shannon Dolphin and Wildlife Foundation(SDWF)1has been studying a group of up to120bottle-nose dolphins in the River Shannon2using vocalisations collected on a computer in a cow shed3near the River Shannon.

As part of a research project,student Ronan Hickey digitised and analysed a total of1,882whistles from the Irish dolphins and those4from the Welsh dolphins on a computer and separated them into six fundamental whistle types and32 different categories5.Of the categories,he found most6were

used by both sets of dolphins7—but eight were only heard from the Irish dolphins.

“We are building up a catalogue of the different whistle types they use and trying to associate them with behaviour like foraging,resting,socialising and the communications of groups with calves,”project leader Simon Berrow said.“Essentially we are building up what is like a dictionary of words they use or sounds they make.”

Berrow,a marine biologist,said the dolphins’clicks are used to find their way around and locate prey.The whistles are communications.“They do a whole range of other sound like barks,groans and a kind of gunshot,”he said.“The gunshot is an intense pulse of sound.Sperm whales use it to stun their prey.”

“When I first heard it I was surprised as I thought sperm whales were the only species who used it.We can speculate the dolphins are using it for the same reason as the sperm whales.”Borrow said.

References in local legend8indicate there have been dolphins in the Shannon estuary for generations and they may even have been resident there as far back as the6th century9.

They are regularly seen by passengers on the Shannon ferry

and an estimated25,000tourists every year take special sightseeing tours on local boats to visit them.

练习：

1.The difference in eating habits between the bottle-nose dolphins and the sperm whales interested the SDWF scientists.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

2.Ronan Hickey analysed almost2,000different dialects of the bottle-nose dolphins.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

3.Of the32categories,eight were produced only by the Irish dolphins.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

4.Whistles could also be used to communicate between adult dolphins and baby dolphins.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

5.Sperm whales can produce stronger ultrasonic waves to kill their prey than dolphins.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

6.As early as the6th century,Irish fishermen started raising dolphins in the Shannon estuary.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

7.Irish dolphins attract tourists and over25,000people come to see them every year.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

答案与题解：

1.C本题所说的意思是宽吻海豚与巨头鲸送食习惯上大相径庭，这一点令科学家很感兴趣。题句表达的内容短文中找不到，故答案为C。

2.B题句的意思是：Ronan Hickey分析了爱尔兰海豚发出的近2000种不同的方言。这句话与短文中叙述的意思不符。第三段第一句说：Ronan Hicke分析了爱尔兰海豚和威尔士海豚(不仅仅是爱尔兰海豚)发出的近2000种不同的啸声(不是方言)。所以，本题选项B是答案。

3.A题句表达的意思与第三段第二句所述的内容相符。32种啸声中有8种是爱尔兰海豚独有的。所以答案是A。

4.A短文第四段第一句说科学家正在设法将啸声与海豚的行为特性联系起来，其中也包括成年海豚与小海豚之间的联络这一行为。题句的意思与原句的意思相符，所以答案是A。

5.C本题所说的态思是鲸鱼能发出比海豚更强烈的超声波去杀死猎物。题句表达的内容短文中找不到，故答案为C。

6.B短文第七段说的是，早在公元6世纪海豚就在香农河河口繁衍生息，而没有说早在公元6世纪渔民开始在香农河河口养殖海豚。题句的意思与文章的意思不符，所以答案是B。

7.A题句表达的意思与最后一段的意思相符。原文说大约每年有25000名游客专程到此乘坐当地的小船观看海豚。所以答案是A。