北大17秋季36081001-大学英语1-第一组答案
一、英译汉(共35题，每题2分，共70分)
鼓励独立完成作业，严惩抄袭。
1. Tom's father has taught English here since he graduated from Peking University.
汤姆的爸爸从在北京大学毕业后就在这里教英语了。
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考生答案：汤姆的爸爸从在北京大学毕业后就在这里教英语了。
考生得分：***
是否评分：未评分
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2. Don’t you know that all the animals are good friends now?
你难道不知道现在所有的动物都是好朋友吗？
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考生答案：你难道不知道现在所有的动物都是好朋友吗？
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是否评分：未评分
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3. Economists study the way a society uses scarce resources such as land, labor and raw materials.
经济学家研究的是社会是如何利用诸如土地，劳动力还有原材料等稀缺资源。
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考生答案：经济学家研究的是社会是如何利用诸如土地，劳动力还有原材料等稀缺资源。
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4. He wanted to help all the wounded people no matter which side they were fighting for.
他想帮助所有受伤的人，无论他们是敌是友。
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考生答案：他想帮助所有受伤的人，无论他们是敌是友。
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是否评分：未评分
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5. I met one of my old friends on my way home yesterday evening.
我昨晚回家时碰见了我的一个老朋友。
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考生答案：我昨晚回家时碰见了我的一个老朋友。
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6. In many factories, an assembly line is used to speed up the efficiency of the workforce. 在许多工厂，装配线通常是用来提高工人们的效率的。
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考生答案：在许多工厂，装配线通常是用来提高工人们的效率的。
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是否评分：未评分
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7. Sometimes when I walked by, I saw him leaning back in his armchair and smiling.
有时我经过，我可以看见他靠在他的扶手椅里微笑着。
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考生答案：有时我经过，我可以看见他靠在他的扶手椅里微笑着。
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是否评分：未评分
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8. The better educated people are, the more opportunities they’ll have.
所受的教育越好的人，会有更多的机会。
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考生答案：所受的教育越好的人，会有更多的机会。
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9. The evolution theory explains the differences in sleep among animals.
进化理论阐明了动物间睡眠的差异。
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考生答案：进化理论阐明了动物间睡眠的差异。
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是否评分：未评分
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10. The greater amount of time you spend learning English, the greater progress you are likely to make.
你用来学英语的时间越多，你越有可能取得更大的进步。
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考生答案：你用来学英语的时间越多，你越有可能取得更大的进步。
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是否评分：未评分
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11. The Spring Festival is the Chinese New Year’s Day.
春节是中国人的新年的日子。
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考生答案：春节是中国人的新年的日子。
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是否评分：未评分
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12. They are ordinary people, but did a great job.
他们是普通人，但做的很好。
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考生答案：他们是普通人，但做的很好。
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13. They were sitting in the park, playing cards.
他们坐在公园里玩卡片。
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考生答案：他们坐在公园里玩卡片。
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是否评分：未评分
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14. This money is for the thoughtful person who removes this stone from the road. 这笔钱是给那个想的周到的人的，他搬走了路上的石块。
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考生答案：这笔钱是给那个想的周到的人的，他搬走了路上的石块。
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是否评分：未评分
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15. Though it was beyond them, they tried their best to do it.
虽然这超出了他们的能力范围，他们还是尽全力去做好。
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考生答案：虽然这超出了他们的能力范围，他们还是尽全力去做好。
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是否评分：未评分
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16. Tom and Rose like going to school very much.
汤姆和露丝非常喜欢上学。
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考生答案：汤姆和露丝非常喜欢上学。
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17. Trees need water to grow.
树木需要水来生长。
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考生答案：
树木需要水来生长。
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18. We cannot tell when an earthquake is coming. 当地震来临我们不能说话。
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考生答案：当地震来临我们不能说话。
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是否评分：未评分
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19. What’s the color of your new dress?
你的新裙子是什么颜色的？
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考生答案：你的新裙子是什么颜色的？
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20. When did you get up yesterday morning?
你昨早什么时候起来的？
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考生答案：你昨早什么时候起来的？
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21. When she left school, she went first to Britain.
当她离开学校时，她先去了英国。
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考生答案：当她离开学校时，她先去了英国。
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是否评分：未评分
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22. When you are in England, you must be very careful in the streets because the traffic drives on the left.
当你在英国时，你在马路上要很小心，因为交通都是靠左行驶的。
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考生答案：当你在英国时，你在马路上要很小心，因为交通都是靠左行驶的。
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是否评分：未评分
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23. Whoever disobeys the law will be punished.
不遵守法律的人将会被惩罚。
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考生答案：不遵守法律的人将会被惩罚。
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是否评分：未评分
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24. Would you mind waiting outside?
你介意去外面等吗？
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考生答案：你介意去外面等吗？
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25. You should make good use of your time.
你应该好好利用你的时间。
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考生答案：你应该好好利用你的时间。
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是否评分：未评分
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26. Young persons under twenty-five make up nearly half of the American population. 25以下的年轻人占了近美国人口的一半。
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考生答案：25以下的年轻人占了近美国人口的一半。
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是否评分：未评分
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27. A car is made up of many different parts.
一辆汽车是由很多不同的部件组成的。
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考生答案：一辆汽车是由很多不同的部件组成的。
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是否评分：未评分
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28. A Japanese is sitting near the window of a restaurant in London.
一个日本人坐在伦敦一家餐馆的窗边。
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考生答案：一个日本人坐在伦敦一家餐馆的窗边。
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是否评分：未评分
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29. As is known to all, China is a developing country.
众所周知，中国是发展中国家。
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考生答案：众所周知，中国是发展中国家。
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是否评分：未评分
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30. Because of his carelessness, Jack hit his car into a big tree by the roadside. 因为他的粗心，杰克开着他的车撞上了路边的一棵大树。
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考生答案：因为他的粗心，杰克开着他的车撞上了路边的一棵大树。
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是否评分：未评分
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31. I'll try not to take up too much of your time.
我尽量不占用你太多时间。
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考生答案：我尽量不占用你太多时间。
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是否评分：未评分
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32. Five days is too long for me to wait. Do you want to wait?
五天的等待对我来说太漫长了，你想等吗？
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考生答案：五天的等待对我来说太漫长了，你想等吗？
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是否评分：未评分
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33. He can run as fast as Jim.
他可以跑的和吉姆一样快。
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考生答案：他可以跑的和吉姆一样快。
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是否评分：未评分
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34. I read the local newspapers with great interest every evening. 我每晚都带着极大的兴趣阅读当地的报纸。
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考生答案：我每晚都带着极大的兴趣阅读当地的报纸。
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是否评分：未评分
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35. In an age of plenty, we feel spiritual hunger.
在物质丰饶的年代，我们却感到精神饥饿。
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考生答案：在物质丰饶的年代，我们却感到精神饥饿。
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是否评分：未评分
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二、写作(共3题，每题10分，共30分)
36. Instructions: 建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。Physical Exercise (1) 从事体育运动有哪些好处；(2) 你常做的体育运动。
Nowadays,taking exercise is more and more popular.All we know,taking exercise has so many benefits.Firstly,we can get closer to nature and take in fresh air.Secondly,we can make our body more healthier.Thirdly,taking exercise can help us to keep in good mood.My favorite exercise is palying basketball,running and swimming.I like to play basketball with my friends,running with my father and swimming alone.I like doing exercise,it makes me happy!
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考生答案：
Nowadays,taking exercise is more and more popular.All we know,taking exercise has so many benefits.Firstly,we can get closer to nature and take in fresh air.Secondly,we can make our body more healthier.Thirdly,taking exercise can help us to keep in good mood.My favorite exercise is
palying basketball,running and swimming.I like to play basketball with my friends,running with my father and swimming alone.I like doing exercise,it makes me happy!
考生得分：***
是否评分：未评分
评价描述：***
37. Instructions: 建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。Health and Eating Habits (1) 健康和饮食习惯的关系；(2) 你的看法以及理由
As we know,health and eating habits have closely connection.The people who prefer to eating vegetable and fruits usually has a healthy body.And fat people always prefer to eating high-fat, high-calorie food.I think eating eating habits are really important to our health.Firstly,there are many sayings like "An apple a day keeps doctor away."We can infer that fruits are good for health.Secondly,having regular eating habits can help us to feel better everytime.So health and eating habits are connecting closely.
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试题类型：简答题
标准答案：***
试题难度：一般
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考生答案：As we know,health and eating habits have closely connection.The people who prefer to eating vegetable and fruits usually has a healthy body.And fat people always prefer to eating high-fat, high-calorie food.I think eating eating habits are really important to our health.Firstly,there are many sayings like "An apple a day keeps doctor away."We can infer that fruits are good for health.Secondly,having regular eating habits can help us to feel better everytime.So health and eating habits are connecting closely.
考生得分：***
是否评分：未评分
评价描述：***
38. Instructions: 建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。How to Learn English Well? (1) 学习方法对英语学习的重要性；(2) 你的英语学习方法。
As we know,a good method can help us make our study more effective.Without method,we will get half the result with twice the effort.As for me,I have my own English studying method.Firstly,I always get up early to reading English books and remember words,morning is the golden time for remembering words.Secondly,I'd like to talk to foreigners so that I can practice my English spoken.Thirdly,I enjoy listening to record.English records help me to practice my listening skill.
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试题类型：简答题
标准答案：***
试题难度：一般
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考生答案：As we know,a good method can help us make our study more effective.Without method,we will get half the result with twice the effort.As for me,I have my own English studying method.Firstly,I always get up early to reading English books and remember words,morning is the golden time for remembering words.Secondly,I'd like to talk to foreigners so that I can practice my English spoken.Thirdly,I enjoy listening to record.English records help me to practice my listening skill.
考生得分：***
是否评分：未评分
评价描述：***
(整理)大学英语quiz1答案
注意：本版面只供下载试卷录音用! 要查看试卷打印版，请点这里。 说明： ?由于试卷录音文件有可能很大，所以出于下载可靠性的考虑我们只提供按试卷各个部分 下载录音文件的功能。请点击位于试卷各个部分开头的小喇叭()检查该部分的录音， 点击下载按钮()下载该部分的录音文件。文件的格式为MP3。 ?要打印试卷供学生用，点这里进入打印版页面后请点击网页浏览器的打印按钮打印试卷。 姓名：___________________________ 班级：____________________________ 学号：___________________________ 日期：____________________________ 大学英语2网络自主学习单元测试1 试卷编号：quiz1 考试时间：70 分钟 满分：100 分 注意事项 Part 1 Vocabulary and Structure (Each item: 1) Directions:Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. 1-5 DABAC 6-10 CAABD 11-15 BACDD 16-20 CACDD 21-25 CCABA 26-30 BAAAB 31-35 DACBA 36-40 DDBCD
41-45 ABDCA 46-50 CDCAB 1.I'd like to take ___D_______ of this opportunity to thank all of you for your efforts. A. profit B. benefit C. occasion D. advantage 2.In copying this paper, be careful not to leave ___A_______ any words. A. out B. alone C. off D. behind 3.When doing the wash, it is important to _____B__ white and colored clothing. A. compare B. separate C. establish D. contrast
新一代大学英语综合教程1期末测试 词汇填空
新一代大学英语综合教程1期末测试词汇填空 Unit1 1.when i(hung out) 2.l don’t(at fault) 3.what used(and the like) 4.David my(when it comes to) 5.Many young(take up) 6.if the(on a broader scale) Unit2 1.people with(impact have on) 2.the professor’s(mesh with) 3.socially skilled(are adept at) 4.people with(confronted with) 5.with this(on the job) 6.one aafter(in effect) 7.the organization(enlist the help of) Unit3 1.science is(in terms) 2.l don’t(get in the way of) 3.we should(rather than) 4.for more(check out)5 .thedebate(come down to)6.the investigators(in vain)7.the students(in the firt instance)8.making english(conform to)9.the virtue(transform into)10.why did(put down) Unit4 1.(in view of)the heavy 2.the persecution（exclude form） 3.in snindler(felt compelled to) 4.we can’t(share respornsibility) 5.when the(denied) 6.During the(seek refuge) 7.the writing(by extension) 8.thousands of(poured into) Unit5 1.professor NYE(exercise of power) 2.the chinese(soft power) 3.the study(engage in) 4.we believe(gobble up) 5.there simply(soak up) 6.His whole(turn the tables) 7.the local(by happenstace) 8.we are(baby steps) 9.putin doesn’t(be perceived as)10.with written(date back) Unit7 1.unlike its(typical of) 2.with only(slip away) 3.the city(in the extreme) 4.when(a)long(sweep of) 5.humans are(wiping out) 6.the sumatran(originate in) 7.although some（in captivity） 8.to keep(spread into) 9.A caterpillar(pass through)8.to keep(spread into)9.A caterpillar(pass through)
现代大学英语精读1 单词
Perusal1：1 across alongside balcony band beneficial border circus cling clown conjurer convince creator crossroads curiosity daze exertion glance globe halt hatred hesitate introduction irritated joyfully lift misgiving nap observant opportunity overlook palm paradise perseverance physical rank revolve rivalry scold single sort spin startled stream stretch sunset surface sweetheart trace trick unclouded uniform universe vain in vain variety various vast whisper ---------- 2 approach awake banner billow chatter chew clench dusty engage exaltation ex-con existence fit fort fortify guy jail mask misty oak parole retreat ribbon scream stain stun swig tide tighten triumph unaware vanish wow yeah ---------- 3 agency bamboo Bangkok barter breeze buffalo bully condemn crab raft dusk Esarn evil exhausted fashionable fate fertile forefathers frog gardener greed hairdresser hardship heal infancy insult jeans litter lust old-fashioned monk nail pierce reap replace ripen ripple scarcity scent sheaves shimmer sickness sigh strip temple tend textile ungrateful wound ---------- 4 a series of account alternative anyway apparently authority balance belt branch office bully candy conclude damn deposit dismay exchange fortyish grocery helpless idiot interfere khakis loafers mustache neighborhood passion prep school protest rear represent ridiculous savings scared shrug slightly so-called upset wallet withdraw withdrawal ---------- 5 aid angel barometer calculate colleague competence course creative credit dash off deserve dilemma educational formula grade impartial inner instructor launch lean panic pendulum principle proportion recall referee resist select solve sophisticated Sputnik stopwatch string superintendent swing system temptation unit warn ---------- 6 atmosphere awful bulb chant cherry comic concern conscious crash criminal deal desperate dial electrical exchange fender flash gossip honey horizon hush impression intently jaw jerk kneel laughter lawn lighten likely maple menace meteor mob monster mower murmur nope obviously oddball operator optimistic outer overhead persistently plug polish porch portable precisely quietness react reaction reluctantly residential roar rooftop rub screw sense sidewalk space speechless spot stool stove stuff thunder tone tremendous typical upwards weird wet whirl ------ 7 alternative arrange aspect cell chili construct contact cultivate decline document dump eliminate enduring eventually fertilizer flourish fulfill hallway intellectual issue manual metaphor miner mixture nourish onion patch peanut permission pursue section seedling survive tend tender tennis warder wither ---------- 8 audience auditorium backstage bother career cast chin coach cocky comedian comedy commercial concentrate congratulate curtain dramatics eagerness embarrass exaggerated flea flushed giant groan hey humor invent jockey knee newcomer nonsense peck pleading plot promote promotion puppet sensible sharply shrimp smart stiff terrific tiptoe touchy undersized vice-president volunteer ---------- 9 able-bodied adapt to adequate affect ALS bandage bump Cambridge circumstance clumsiness comfort depression disability downplay drag enable exceptional frequency frequently function humiliation incurable liquid leuk (a) emia motor nasty nerves obstruction PhD predict rare recur scene slur span spinal strength supervisor tablecloth theoretical vacation worsen worthwhile ----------
新视野大学英语quiz答案quiz
1. When she heard the news of the death of her son in the terrorist attack in New York, the mother broke down and . (Suggested first letter(s): w ) 2. I was determined that I would not or make the parting harder for him, and I managed to say goodbye to him without tears. (Suggested first letter(s): w ) 3. Early signs of a disease are usually , so we very often fail to pay any attention and go to see a doctor in good time. (Suggested first letter(s): unno ) 4. The small question marks could have been made in other ways, and are hardly anyway. (Suggested first letter(s): no ) 5. One quality of American art life is the link between art historical teaching and criticism, which is not so common elsewhere. (Suggested first letter(s): no ) 6. Her explanation for being away was obviously a lie, but he it whole and said nothing. (Suggested first letter(s): sw ) 7. So your pride and prejudice and don't make an enemy of your own friends. (Suggested first letter(s): sw ) 8. Doctors say that since air travelers are in no condition to work after crossing a number of time , they should go straight to bed on arrival. (Suggested first letter(s): zo )
新一代大学英语综合1网络教学平台答案
UNIT 1 Explore1: Reading comprehension: a b a b a Dealing with vocabulary: a b a a a b Application: 1.To say is easier than to do. 2.Mary wanted to make a lot of money, buy stock, and retire early. 3.She stayed up late either studying her English or going to parties. Explore 2: Reading comprehension: b a d Dealing with vocabulary: interact compatible massive contrast criticize hesitant Unit test part1: 1.prevails 2.a variety of 3.interact 4.hanging out 5.scale 6.In contrast 7.crucial 8.engage 9.in person 10.directly part2: b a c b a a part3: 1.25岁时马克?扎克伯格已经在Facebook辛勤工作了五年。那一年，也就是2009年，公司首次实现了盈利，并且吸引了3亿用户。他当时非常激动，但还是说这只是一个开始。他在Facebook上写道”我们的目标是把每个人联系起来，而我们才刚刚开始。"第二年，他就被《时代》杂志评选为"年度人物"。 2.Owned by Chinese tech giant Tencent, WeChat is a mobile messaging service that boasts over 300 million active users. Many former Weibo users join in as new members because it offers comparatively private forms of communication. Like many other Chinese social media platforms, WeChat allows its users to send voice messages, share social moments, purchase virtual goods, and meet new people via a format similar to that of chat roulette. UNIT 2 Explore 1:
现代大学英语精读1教案设计
Unit 1 Half a day 教学目的 1. 了解作者及其背景知识； 2．熟悉本文使用的写作手法； 3．掌握修辞疑问句、倒装句等修辞手法； 4．熟练掌握三类构词法； 5．通过深刻理解文章内涵，培养学生社会洞察力和相关的讨论能力，同时掌握文中的核心语言点。 教学内容 1. 热身 2．作者 教育与背景 主要著作 创作观 3．作品赏析 结构分析 如何赏析文学作品 扩展式讨论 4．写作技巧 省略疑问句和修辞疑问句 倒装句 “with”独立结构 5．语言理解 长难句解析 核心词汇学习 band, convince, daze, exert, intricate, observe, overlook, rank, revolve, startle, uviverse, vary 介词练习 构词法：-tion; -volve; -ly 6．课堂讨论 7．练与讲 教学重点 1. 文学作品的赏析； 2．文学中的修辞手法――省略疑问句和修辞疑问句；倒装句；“with”独立结构3．构词法：前缀 教学方法结合实际吸收各种教学法（讲授、问答、讨论、模仿、练习、多媒体使用）的优点。 教学手段用投影仪播放PowerPoint课件及板书；群发电子邮件布置课堂资料和课后作业（或其来源）。
ⅠAbout the author ★Naguib Mahfouz was born on the 11th Dec. 1911 in an old quarter of Cairo, the youngest son of a merchant. （mummies and pyramids / sphinx 狮身人面）★He worked in university administration（行政部门）and then in 1939 he worked for the Ministry of Islamic Affairs.（Buddhism Christianity Islam） ★He was later Head of the State Cinema Organization at the Ministry of Culture(文化部）. He also worked as a journalist（记者）. ★He is married, has two daughters and lives in Cairo. ★He was the first Arab to win the Nobel prize for literature He is now the author of no fewer than 30 novels, more than 100 short stories, and more than 200 articles. Half of his novels have been made into films which have circulated （流通；传播）throughout the Arabic-speaking world. The Cairo Trilogy（三部曲）is a tale of the lives of a Muslim family and spans （跨过）the first half of the 20th century. Palace Walk 《宫间街》Palace of Desire 《思官街》Sugar Street 《甘露街》How does he picture the world? 1 The world is very gloomy（阴沉的令人沮丧的）though not completely disappointing. 2 The author’s social utopia (乌托邦）is far from being realized. 3 Time is the bringer of change and change is a very painful process. 4 Life is a tragedy. ⅡText Appreciation 1 structure 2 Further discussion Can you recall your first day’s experience at primary school? Did you feel you were a stranger the first day you arrived at this university? Was it hard for you to leave home for the first time in your life? What do you think is the business of university? What do you expect to learn here? 3 Theme of the story The following are a few possible understandings of the message the story conveys. Which one do you agree with? Argue with your group partners. Time and tide wait for no man. Life is a tragedy. There is nothing permanent in life but change. Education can never keep up with changes in society. Life is short and time is precious. Life is a dream. Do not take anything seriously. 4 Structure of the text Part 1 (para. 1- 7 ) about:The boy’s misgivings about school Part 2 (para. 8-16 ) about: How the boy felt about school. Part 3 (para. 17-20 ) about: Walking out of the school, he found time had changed everything.
新视野大学英语3 Quiz1答案.doc
Part 1 Word Dictation (每小题: 1 分; 满分：10 分) 小题得分对错我的答案客观 1. justice 2. beneath 3.faithful 4. restrain 5. reconcile 6. disguise 7. weekday 8. merry 9. index 10.whistle Part 2 Understanding Short Conversations (每小题: 1 分; 满分：5 分) 1.B A B A D Part 3 Understanding Long Conversations (每小题: 1 分; 满分：5 分) D A B B A Part 4 Understanding Passages (每小题: 1 分; 满分：10 分) C B C C D C C B A
A Part 5 Compound Dictation (每小题: 1 分; 满分：10 分) passed passed occupied occupied aware aware prevous previous take up take up advanced advanced recording recording all of the in his dary All of the thoughts that came to mind got put down in his diary when her husband when her husband stopped his habit of leaving his diary around in places she was tempted to open it and see what information she could find inside she was tempted to open it and see what information she could find inside Part 6 Cloze (with four choices provided) (每小题: 1 分; 满分：20 分) reckon set up revolve Much of accomplished preserve build reconcile admitted wreck a few agreeable communicated blossom naturally realistic drained acknowledge pledging customary Part 7 Skimming and Scanning (Multiple Choice + Blank Filling) (每小题: 1 分; 满分：10 分)
大学英语QUIZ答案
大学英语QUIZ答案
Part 1 Fill in the Blanks (with the initial letters provided) (每小题：1 分) Directions: Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the help of the first letter(s). Use only ONE word to fill in each blank. 1. I think, like all moderate people, that one step at a time is not a bad thing. (Suggested first letter(s): mod ) 2. moderate exercise such as walking is the answer for the gentleman to improve his health. (Suggested first letter(s): mod ) 3.This might reflect cultural differences as well as effects due to the type and quantity of food consumed by the mother. (Suggested first letter(s): cons ) 4. Not only do these factories consume more natural resources, they also produce more pollution. (Suggested first letter(s): cons ) 5.supplement to aid the digestive system. (Suggested first letter(s): supp ) 6.The secretary was looking for other jobs to
大学英语三之新时代交互英语1-6单元习题库完整版
《大学英语三》之《新时代交互英语三》346题New Era Interactive English 3 Unit 1 (67题) Another Busy Day Part I Vocabulary Matching: Section A: Match the word or phrase with their corresponding definition. 1. above and beyond A. a successfully completed part of a course at a university or college 2. cheerful B. interested in or taking part in an activity or event 3. confident C. showing the characteristics of a particular kind of person or thing 4. credit to D. to spend time or have fun with friends 5. depressed E. to separate a task into parts over a period of time 6. energetic F. not part of the course that a student is doing at a school or college 7. exhausted G. much more than 8. extracurricular H. to leave or escape 9. in a bad mood I. being the only one or being without a like or equal 10. involved J. not usual, common, or ordinary 11. laid-back K. happy and feeling good 12. nervous L. sure that you can do something well 13. relaxed M. very sad 14. tense N. very active 15. to get away O. extremely tired 16. to hang out P. calm or relaxed, with a tendency not to worry about anything 17. to space out Q. worried or frightened about something, and unable to relax 18. typical R. more calm and less worried 19. unique S. nervous and anxious 20. unusual T. feeling unhappy or angry Section B (P. 3): For each word or phrase in Column I, please find its antonym (反义词) from Column II.
新一代大学英语综合教程1 期末考试答案 打印版
新一代大学英语综合教程 1 期末考试答案打印版 UNIT 1 .2、Indeed, we might feel as if we are suddenly awash in friends. Yet right before our eyes, we're also changing the way we conduct relationships. Face-to-face chatting is giving way to texting and messaging; people even prefer these electronic exchanges to, for instance, simply talking on a phone.Smaller circles of friends are being partially eclipsed by Facebook acquaintances routinely numbered in the hundreds. Amid these smaller trends, growing research suggests we could be entering a period of crisis for the entire concept of friendship. Where is all this leading modern-day society? Perhaps to a dark place, one where electronic stimuli slowly replace the joys of human contact.确实如此，我们似乎感到突然之间好友数量井喷。不过，我们眼前也正在改变为人处世的方式。面对面的聊天正在被短信取代；相比打个电话，人们甚至更愿意使用这些电子交流方式。脸谱网上的熟人圈儿动辄数百人，相比之下，现实生活中规模较小的朋友圈则显得黯淡少光。在这些较细微的趋势中，越来越多的研究表明友谊的整个概念正在遭受危机，而我们也许正在一步步地迈向这个危机时代。所有这一切要把现代社会引向何方？也许现代社会就此陷入黑暗深渊，在这个深渊里，人与人之间交往的乐趣慢慢地被电子诱惑所取代。 8、No single person is at fault, of course. The pressures on friendship today are broad. They arise from the demands of work, say, or a general busyness that means we have less quality time for others. How many individuals would say that friendship is the most important thing in their lives, only to move thousands of miles across the continent to take up a better-paid job?当然，这并不是某个人的错。如今，交友压力来自方方面面。比如来自工作压力，或是整天瞎忙，无法和他人享有高质量的沟通时间。有人嘴上说友谊是生命中最重要的东西，却为了一份收入颇丰的工作远赴千里之外。这样的人还少吗？ 9、Of course, we learn how to make friends —or not —in our most formative years, as children. Recent studies on childhood, and how the contemporary life of the child affects friendships, are illuminating. Again, the general mood is one of concern, and a central conclusion often reached relates to a lack of what is called "unstructured time."当然，我们是在性格成型的最重要的孩提时期学会如何结交朋友或是如何断交。最近，关于儿童期和儿时生活对交友的影响的研究很有启发性。这些研究再一次关注了风气这个问题，其主要结论都与孩子缺少―计划外时间‖有关。 10、Structured time results from the way an average day is parceled up for our kids — time for school, time for homework, time for music practice, even time for play. Yet too often today, no period is left unstructured. After all, who these days lets his child just wander off down the street? But that is precisely the kind of fallow time so vital for deeper friendships. It's then that we simply "hang out," with no tasks, no deadlines and no pressures. It is in those moments that children and adults alike can get to know others for who they are in themselves. ―计划内时间‖源自每一天的时间安排方式，何时上学，何时完成家庭作业，何时进行音乐训练，甚至何时玩耍，一股脑儿的塞给孩子。然而，再寻常不过的是，没有任何一个时段是没有安排的。毕竟，现在谁还会让自己的孩子在街上闲逛呢？但是，恰恰就是这种―无所事事‖的时间对于深厚的交情至关重要。在这个时间段，我们只是闲逛，没有任务，没有最后期限，没有任何压力。就在这些时候，孩子也罢，成人也罢，才能真正了解同行之人。 12、Aristotle had an attractive expression to capture the thought: close friends, he observed, "share salt together." It's not just that they sit together, passing the salt across the meal table. It's that they sit with one another across the course of their lives, sharing its savor — its moments, bitter and sweet. "The desire for friendship comes quickly; friendship does not," Aristotle also remarked. It's a key insight for an age of instant social connectivity, though one in which we paradoxically have an apparently growing need to be more deeply connected.亚 里士多德曾经这样表达此意，妙不可言。他 说，亲密的朋友，是―一起吃盐的朋友‖。他 并不是说朋友们坐在一起，在饭桌上把盐传 来传去。他的意思是朋友们共享人生经历， 分享各种滋味，苦的，甜的。亚里士多德还 说过―交友的想法常常匆匆而至，但是真正的 友情往往姗姗来迟。‖这对于当今这个时代来 说是一种重要的真知灼见。因为，在这个时 代里，虽然人们能迅速建立关系，不过我们 反倒越发觉得需要更深一步结识他人。 UNIT 26、With persistence and practice, such a process can lead to lasting results. I know one Wall Street executive who sought to improve his empathy –specifically his ability to read people’s reactions and their perspectives. Before beginning his quest, the executive’s subordinates were terrified of working with him. People even went so far as to hide bad news from him. Naturally, he was shocked when finally confronted with these facts. He went home and told his family – but they only confirmed what he had heard at work. When their opinions on any given subject did not mesh with his, they, too, were frightened of him.只要坚持并不断实践，这样的过程能够 带来持久的结果。我认识一位华尔街的主管， 他想方设法提高自己的同理心。具体一点就 是读懂对方的反应，了解对方的看法。在开 始努力寻求改变之前，这位主管的下属惧怕 与其一起工作。人们甚至对他隐瞒坏消息。 最终面对这些情况时，他自己自然大吃一惊。 回家后，他告诉家人——但家人更肯定了他 在单位听到的一切。无论什么话题，如果家 人的观点未能与之吻合，他们也会害怕他。 7、Enlisting the help of a coach, the executive went to work to heighten his empathy through practice and feedback. His first step was to take a vacation to a foreign country where he did not speak the language. While there, he monitored his reactions to the unfamiliar and his openness to people who were different from him. When he returned home, humbled by his week abroad, the executive asked his coach to shadow him for parts of the day, Several times a week, in order to critique how he treated people with new or different perspectives. At the same time, he consciously used on-the-job interactions as opportunities to practice ―hearing‖ ideas that differed from his. Finally, the executive had himself videotaped in meetings and asked those who worked for and with him to critique his ability to acknowledge and understand the feelings of others. It took several months, but the executive’s emotional intelligence did ultimately rise, and the improvement was reflected in his overall performance on the job.这位主管向私人教师 寻求帮助，他回到工作岗位，通过实践和别 人的反馈来提高自己的同理心。首先，他到 一个语言不通的国家去度假。在异国他乡， 他审视自己面对不熟悉事物的反应以及对异 族人群的开放性。返回家乡时，一周的国外 生活已使他丢掉了所有的高傲，这位主管让 私人教师一周跟踪自己几天，每天跟踪自己 几个时段，以此评价自己对持新观点或不同 观点人的态度。同时，他还有意识地利用工 作现场与人交往的机会来实践―倾听‖异己观 点。最后，主管还让人拍摄他开会时的表现， 让下属以及合作伙伴评价自己承认并理解他 人感情的能力。这个过程持续数月，但最终， 主管的情商确实提高了，并在他的整体工作 表现上体现了出来。 8 It’s important to emphasize that building one’s emotional intelligence cannot – will not – happen without sincere desire and concerted effort. A brief seminar won’t help; nor can one buy a how-to manual. It is much harder to learn to empathize –to internalize empathy as a natural response to people –than it is to become adept at regression analysis. But it can be done. ―Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm,‖ wrote Ralph Waldo Emerson. If your goal is to become a real leader, these words can serve as a guidepost in your efforts to develop high emotional intelligence.需要强调的是，没有真诚的愿望 和竭尽全力的付出，培养情商是不可能的， 也不会有结果。一场简短的研讨会起不了作 用，实用操作手册也无法买到。要使同理心 内化为对别人的一种自然反应，才算是获得 了同理心，这比擅于回归分析要难得多。但 获得同理心也是能做到的。拉尔夫·沃尔 多·爱默生写道：―没有热情，就不可能取得 任何伟大的业绩。‖如果你的目标是成为一位 真正的领袖，这句话可以激励你不断努力， 提高情商。 UNIT 32、First, science is practiced by special people with a specific view of the world. Scientists try to be objective, unsentimental and unemotional. They do not let their feelings get in the way of their observations of real things, facts, as they call them. They often work in laboratories or in other areas where they can carefully control what they are working on. They do not just wander out onto the dock at sunset and look at the world with wonder, as a poet might. Ideally, they are also both honest and check them out and then utilize them in their findings so others can check them out and then utilize them in their own work. They do not claim more than they can prove, and often even less. But they are very proud of their calling and prefer to talk to other scientists rather than anybody else, especially poets, who tend to make them feel uncomfortable, to put them down.(Of course poets also feel scientists return the favor.)首 先，从事科学工作的是特殊的一类人，他们 具有特定的世界观。科学家努力保持客观、 理性，不感情用事，不会让感情妨碍他们观 察他们所说的实物和事实。科学家常常在实 验室或者他们能够严格控制研究对象的场所 工作。他们不会像诗人那样，在日落时去码 头闲逛，惊奇地观赏这个世界。典型的科学 家既朴实，又谦恭。他们总是尽量客观地汇 报他们的科学发现，以便别人能够证实并在 工作中加以运用。他们不会对自己不能证明 的事物妄加断言，甚至常常连自己能够证明 的也不去多说。然而，他们对―科学家‖这一 称谓引以为傲，更喜欢彼此相互交流，而不 太愿意和其他人交流，尤其是和诗人，因为 诗人总让他们感觉不自在，且常贬低他们。 （当然了，科学家在诗人眼里也不过如此。） 3、Second, science deals almost exclusively with things, not ideas or feelings, and with the external world and its workings, not inner states and their workings, despite the effort of some psychologists to be or seem scientific. The human body is considered to be or seem scientific. The human body is considered to be a part of the external world; the soul is not. Therefore, scientists work to understand the body but not the soul. Most scientists doubt the soul exists. The solar system and the universe are also part of the external world, although we have little enough direct evidence of their mode of existence. Scientists tend to assume the basic conditions of nature on Earth are the same everywhere in the cosmos.其次，科学的 研究对象基本上仅限于事物，而非思想或者 情感，仅限于外部世界及其运作，而非内在 状态及其运作，尽管一些心理学家也试图让 自己的工作具备或者显得有科学性。人体被 认为是外部世界的一部分，而人的灵魂则不 然。因此，科学家探索的是人的肌体，而不 是灵魂。大部分科学家怀疑灵魂的存在。太 阳系和宇宙也是外部世界的一部分，虽然我 们没有充足的直接证据来证明它们的存在模 式。科学家往往认为，地球上自然界的基本 状况无论在宇宙的何处都是一样的。 4、Mankind is only questionably part of the external world in this sense. Scientists are generally reluctant to deal with the behavior of large groups of men and women. Thus economists, for example, struggle to be considered scientists, but usually in vain. The external world of scientists contains some things, like quanta, quarks and quasars, that are