视听说 听力原文

[1] Critics on US Public Education

Right from start, the new documentary, "Waiting for 'Superman,'" has a point of view - and doesn't hold back.

"You wake up every morning and you know kids are getting a really crappy education right now," said DC Schools Chancellor Michelle Rhee.

“So you think most kids are getting a crappy education right now?”

"I don't think they are. I know they are."

It is a harsh and unflattering look at the state of public education in America. It follows five schoolchildren - desperate to go to better schools. But with limited openings, their futures depend on luck.

“For these kids, the only chance to go to a great school depends on whether their number is picked in a lottery.”

It could be the most talked-about documentary since "An Inconvenient Truth," perhaps because they share the same director, Oscar winner Davis Guggenheim.

"Experts will say the movie is pro- this, or anti- this but parents who see the movie will say, …I just want a great school for my kid?," Guggenheim said.

He told Katie Couric he hopes his film will provoke action.

"That's what this movie is - a wake-up call," Guggenheim said. "It's not working for every kid."

Guggenheim features Geoffrey Canada of the Harlem Children's Zone, who's shown it's possible to create great schools even in poor neighborhoods. This week, the Department of Education announced grants to replicate his success in twenty more cities.

" We can actually fix this," Canada said.

But critics of the movie, like Bronx principal Barbara Freeman, say it unfairly targets public schools, their teachers and unions.

"I thought it was a little slanted, because I think there are a lot of great public schools with great teachers, great administrators and great families," Freeman said.

None of the educators we spoke with today thought that the status quo was working. They agreed on what's at stake - helping kids to realize their dreams.

Michelle Miller, CBS News, New York.

[2] From Homeless to Harvard

Everyone has baggage, but Lalita Booth's is heavier than most. CBS News correspondent Michelle Miller reports Booth can laugh now, but as a young teen she nearly destroyed her life.

Raised in Ashville, N.C., the rebellious teen says her problems all began when her parents divorced and she was sexually abused by a family acquaintance.

"That led to substance abuse, staying out all night long, and running away," Booth said.

By the time she was 18, she'd been legally emancipated from her parents, married, and had a baby.

"When my ex joined the Army, I was responsible for taking care of myself with only a GED and no relevant job skills," Booth said.

Penniless and living out of a car, she gave up her son Kieren to his father's parents.

"I would cry myself to sleep because I missed him so much," Booth said.

That's when she grew up. She enrolled in a community college, then transferred to a four-year university.

An honors student, Booth's inspiring story captured headlines.

By then, she learned to really dream big and another door opened. Booth was accepted to one of the most elite and the oldest of the Ivy Leagues: Harvard University. The 29-year-old Booth is earning a Master's

degree in business and public policy.

"It's an amazing feeling," Booth said. She financed her education through 20 scholarships totaling more

than half a million dollars. Now she spends her time on Capitol Hill, where she lobbies her aid for single

mothers.

Lalita is remarried and has her son back. She'll tell you, whatever baggage she once carried seems a lot

lighter now.

[3] How to Deal with Over-parenting

Madeline Levine: You know, parents were never that involved in their children?s lives. They were busy

making a living or doing other things. Now the family has become child-centric and so everything is really

devoted to the cultivating and the care and feeding of the children in the family, with the result that, I think,

there's a fair amount of over-parenting.

I began noticing that things really were quite different probably about a decade ago. I?ve been a clinical

psychologist now for about 28 years and historically, like sort of knowing a child who's depressed, that was a

pretty easy diagnosis. Were they tired? Were they not interested in things? Were they giving stuff away?

Were they teary? And I started having kids who looked very different than that.

So in a book called the Price For Privilege that I wrote about six years ago, it opens with a young lady

who comes in, looks great for all the world - you know, "Hello Dr. Levine. It?s a pleasure to meet you." I

mean, I?ve been pra cticing long enough to know it?s never a pleasure to meet a shrink when you?re 16. But

after all the niceties, you know, she rolls up her arm - her sleeve, and she shows me she?s taken a razor and

cut the word “empty” into her arm. And she sort of became i conic for me. She was the kid who looks good

and doesn?t really have much of a sense of self, feels empty.

And so I got interested. I started talking to other mental health professionals. They were kind of seeing

the same thing with this upswing in parenting that was extremely involved and intensive. And it's like, well,

how come these kids are doing poorly because, historically, parental involvement?s a protective factor. We

want parents to be involved. But we don't want them to be over involved because when they're over involved,

like this girl, stuff isn't being developed internally. It?s coming from the outside. “You?re doing so well, you?re

so smart, you?re a genius.” You know, this kind of stuff. And it doesn?t allow a space in which kids can

start crafting a sense of who they are internally. And that?s the protection against feelings of emptiness.

What I define over-parenting as is when you do what your child can already do. So if your child already

knows how to write, don?t hover over their wor k because all you do is get in the way of them

feeling competent and confident, which leads to self-esteem.

The second part of over-parenting is doing what your children can almost do. Like, don?t do that. Let

them have the opportunity to try in the same way that we allow a toddler to take a few steps and fall down,

and take a few steps and fall down. And we don?t yell at that*****and we don?t say, “You?re going to be

flipping burgers for the rest of your life or folding shirts at Forever 21.” We sort of get that the toddler has to

fall and fall in order to master the art of walking. And it's the same thing all throughout development but

we?re very quick; we feel the stakes are higher when kids are older. We argue about the B+ with the teacher;

maybe it sh ould?ve been an A-. It?s a bad idea. So don?t do what your child can almost do because that?s the arena in which they actually grow.

The most toxic part of over-parenting, I think, is when we confuse our own needs with our children?s needs. And that?s the “we?re going to Harvard.” I had a dad and the kid in my office, and they're sitting together. The kid?s a really bright kid; he's going to go to some, you know, prestigious college and the father?s sitting very, very quietly until the kid gets to “I?d like to go to Harvard,” at which point the dad jumps up and says, “There's a school I would give my left testicle to get my son in to.” And aside from the fact that it?s bad form, actually, it?s the wrong thing to do because it?s not about the kid. And so the kid's got a million things he?s got to worry about; his grades and his girlfriend and his body and where he?s going to school and what he wants to be and what his values - and he doesn?t have to worry about dad?s gonads. I mean, that?s just taking him off track. And I think that?s the most toxic part of over-parenting.

But those are the three things: doing what your kid can do, can almost do, and not being able to tell the difference between your needs and your child?s.

[4] The Case against Over-parenting

We're looking at over-parenting. Of course, we want our kids to be well-rounded, but there's a growing backlash against over-scheduling them. In fact, https://www.360docs.net/doc/8416663103.html, addresses the controversy in an article by Nancy Gibbs, who is Time's editor at large, here with contributing psychologist Dr. Gail Saltz. Good to see both of you.

>> Good morning.

>> Good to be here.

>> Nancy, in this article, you said this has been building. But with the economic downturn, it's come to a head. How so?

>> Well, you know, parenting is always a pendulum. So maybe we were due after 20 years of excess to have a great big swoop? I think already teachers have been warning parents this is harmful for kids. Researchers were saying things we thought were good for kids -- like maybe the Baby Einstein tapes weren't. But then the recession hits and we're all downshifting and downsizing and a third of parents said they were dropping extracurricular activities for kids, and the twist is a lot of them liked it, like it felt like simplifying their family life restored some balance to it, and maybe that was something that was overdue.

>> There's more lessons, in the case of less is more, Gail?

>> I definitely think so for two reasons. One, kids need play, free, creative time to be thinkers, to learn how to solve problems for themselves. And if you've constantly scheduled them up. That's not really possible. The other thing is that I think parents are starting to realize that when you look out, how do you build the most important thing in a child, which is resilience?

>> Right.

>> If you don't ever let them fall down, if they never get to make a mistake, if they never experience a bump in the road, how are they expected to build coping skills or resilience?

>> Or they don't get to take responsibility for it.

>> Exactly.

>> And even if you're doing so much for them, they can't show that creativity or that resourcefulness.

>> Problem-solving, exactly.

>> So, how do you let go, though? I mean, as parents, I mean, I think our parents were very good at letting go. The old, you know, go outside; I want to see you until the street lights come on.

>> I think one thing for parents to know is letting go of your kids is not the same thing as letting them down. That sometimes the best thing you can do for them is leave them alone. This is so against the message, I think, that our generation of parents has received. We've been taught that parenting is sort of a form of product development and that we have to shape and mold our children in order to compete in this global economy. The idea that actually, the best thing we can do for them sometimes is just to back off takes a certain kind of parental discipline, because we always want to be in there smoothing the way, protecting them from disappointment and failure. And I think this is why this conversation is so important, is to realize that there's a price that they pay for our over-protectiveness.

>> Gail, when do we realize as a parent, what are the warning signs that we're too overprotective?

>> I think if you look around and see that, first of all, your child has constantly got some planned something going on, so they're not having that free time. If you look around and say, actually, my child has never made a mistake, has never really failed, nothing really major, you know, or even moderately happened. And i think that if your child seems anxious whenever you're not around organizing whatever's going on, and if you say, why don't you go ahead and take care of "x," and your child seems really uncomfortable and anxious about that, it means they haven't had any practice and that you really need to let them have that.

>> I remember my daughter finally saying, "Daddy, I don't have any relaxing time." and I thought, you know what, maybe I should be listening to my kid.

>> Right, absolutely. I remember actually making the mistake when I was younger that my parents didn't bail me out, and I remember coming back to them later and saying thank you for letting me make my own mistake.

>> Wow.

>> Because it was really -- I realized it was pivotal. It is -- when you become an independent person you have to be able to look back and say, well, I got through that. and if you don't have any of those, then how are you supposed to do that, when the bigger, real things-- and they will come along, because life can't be controlled.

>> Nancy Gibbs, Dr. Gail Saltz, thank you so much. interesting things. We've got to think about this.

>>> coming up next, Chelsea Clinton

[5] animal cruelty on cows

Now something to think about the next time we all open the fridge and see the milk we all love or one of those ads about the happy cows. Brian Ross is back with us again. He has hidden camera footage. I warn some of it was graphic of what may be behind we all see.

The marketing campaign for milk has been masterful. Celebrities with white moustaches.

"Hi."

"Hi. How are you doing."

"I love it here.'"

An animated cow talking about beautiful surroundings that make them so happy.

"Happy cows come from California."

But the reality is no where near what's happy.

According to animal rights groups, which has gone undercover to record what they say they found across the country, unhealthy cows in filthy conditions, often subject to inhumane abuse.

"These animals are really treated as milk producing machines."

The Dairy Association says no good farmer can tolerate mistreatment of animals.

"The humane treatment of cows, keeping cows as comfortable as possible, definitely has an impact on milk quality."

At the heart of the problem, according to animal rights groups, are the huge operations they call factory farms such as this one in upstate New York.

For maximum efficiency some 5000 cows here are never allowed outside but spend every day of their life inside giant, manure-filled barns, kept perpetually pregnant so they keep producing milk.

Big farm operators say such large-scale operations are necessary so they can afford latest machines and the staff to get the most out of the cows with the highest quality and the lowest price.

"They call you a factory farm. Not really care about animals."

"I think they can be farther from the truth. Well, our animals are critically important to our well-being. So we work hard to treat them well. "

What's most shocking in the news in the common industry practice, what's called tail docking. The end of cow's tail cut off, so it won't interfere with milking machines, done here without painkillers, which we won't show in its entirety.

"Cows look like in pain when the tail is cut off."

"But (cows) may appear that way. "

"But it is not."

"I guess I can't speak for the cow. "

And even the industry says it is the outrageous practice without painkillers. Californians ban the practice last year. A similar bill introduced this month in the New York legislature. Just the question got milk is now becoming, Diane, how did you get that milk.

[6] Sex-altered fish

The fish are biting on Lake Pepin this fall, good news for Minnesota fishing guide Loren Waalkens.

"We are not going to call it a big one, but just a small one."

A small-mouth bass to be exact, and along with their large-mouth cousins, are big business fish. It's hooked anglers at tournaments as hyped as the Super Bowl.

And it is also a fish of special value to researchers who suspect it may tell us something alarming about our water.

...which brings us to Columbia, Missouri and these ponds? Here the U.S. Geological Survey is investigating why so many males in the pond show female characteristics.

“Because it?s a male, you are s eeing sperm here. But oddly you are also seeing very small undeveloped eggs. ”said the biologist, Diana Papoulias.

“And that?s abnormality.”

“We do not expect to see eggs in a male.”

Abnormal, but increasingly common. In the upper Mississippi River where Loren Waalkens fishes. More than 70 percent of male small mouth bass had female ***. In South Carolina?s Pee Dee River, the ratio was even higher, nine out of the ten. And at one section of Potomac River near Washington, every small mouth bass has the same condition.

In fact, a recent USGS study found the phenomenon in virtually every watershed in the country.

The suspicion is that hormone-disrupting chemicals in the water -pesticides, pharmaceuticals including birth control pills, may be prompting the feminization of the fish.

And that matters because in controlled experiments which duplicated the chemicals found in U.S. rivers, entire populations of fish simply collapsed,unable to spawn.

What?s more, tens of millions of Americans get their drinking water from the rivers. An estimated 18 million from the Mississippi River alone. “Make me wonder what else could be affected here. ”

Waalkens wonders if his beloved bass could be the proverbial canary in the coal mine.

"Are there other species and other types of animals that this may be occurring in? You know, there's a lot of unanswered questions."

Those questions' answers may lie somewhere beneath the surface of the water we drink.

[7] Alert dogs

Finally tonight we all know dogs can be trained to do amazing things, but playing doctor? NBC's Jill Rappaport with a story of medical alert dogs and how they are saving lives.

Reporter: KK and her dog JJ are inseparable, but JJ is more than just a pet. [ barking ]

“good girl.”

She's trained to be an alert and protect KK. The 7-year-old has a rare disease called mastocytosis which causes dizziness, drop in blood pressure and a myriad of other symptoms that mimic a severe allergic reaction.

When KK starts to have a reaction JJ smells the chemical reaction and will alert us.

>>Reporter: JJ never leaves her side, even at school.

>>We have one extra person, one extra thing looking after KK and her senses are well beyond what we are capable of.

>>Reporter: medical alert or service dogs are used to detect everything from cancer to diabetes, like with KK?s friend Diane.

>>She lets me know by touching my leg with her nose if my blood sugar is too low or is getting the too high. You have animals that can sense things from so far away that we have no idea they are going on.

>>Reporter: the canine sense goes far beyond a human's reach. This fur angel saved your life.

>>Absolutely. I had a seizure.

>>Reporter: Curtis and his partner Jim were home when one of their rescue dogs alerted Jim that something was wrong.

>>She grabbed my pant leg, ripped my pants, pulled me out of the chair. i get back to the bedroom. She's up on the bed guarding him. He's having a seizure.

>>I never had a seizure in my life, had never any warning signs.

>>Reporter: Curtis was diagnosed with brain cancer. He's now in remission and says Isabelle is still watching out for him.

>>She's a good watch dog, untrained but obviously meant to be in our lives.

>>Reporter: true companions on alert, saving lives across the country.

He truly is KK's guardian angel. She knows her job.

[8] Things are picking up for red squirrels

They are on a climb although they don't know it. April and Alpha, a part of the red squirrel comeback. They are the stars of the captive breeding program in Pensthrope in Norfolk. Their off springs have been reintroduced to the wild, after years when the reds' population has been decimated by the presence of the greys.

"Problems for the red squirrels have been (that) the greys are larger, more aggressive, produce larger litters, most importantly of all, they carry deadly disease."

Grey squirrels are introduced here from America in 1870s are immune to the pox virus they carry. But for the last 140 years the disease has led to red squirrels' near extinction in Britain.

But now conservation and volunteer projects are start culling of the greys. It seems the population rises for the first time in more than a century. There are still only 140,000 compared to 3 million grey squirrels. The signs are (that) the Britain's native red is fighting back.

"The grey squirrels are pest species. You know, they cause untold damages to woodlands. And a lot of people will say, well, reds used to be pest species. But, you know, being indigenous and evolving with the native land, they stay in balance. "

Well, once it was a common sight in the wild. The red squirrels have become a rarity. Things, though, are picking up now for the British icon. Nina Nannar, ITV News in Pensthrope in Norfolk.

[9] School menu gets a makeover

When was the last time you heard this in a lunchroom?

“I love broccoli”, “lettuce, tomatoes”, “I like salad dish”, “carrots, and deserts”

These students are saying "yes" to healthy foods, and "no" to junk food, thanks to Kristin Richmond and Kirsten Tobey, founders of Revolution Foods.

"We are just so motivated by the idea of creating a healthier generation," Tobey said.

They are revolutionizing the school cafeterias. Unlike old school lunchrooms, Revolution Foods won't serve anything with high-fructose corn syrup or trans-fat. Meats and dairy are antibiotic and hormone free. They prefer local, organic ingredients. Nothing is ever fried but it's always tasty, they promise.

"We knew students if they were given a choice of a healthy meal that actually tasted really good and looked really good and was approachable to them," Richmond said. "We knew they would eat it."

Five years ago, the Berkely Business School grads were preparing 200 meals a day for one school. Now they're running a company that serves almost 60,000 fresh and healthy meals to mostly low-income students in 350 schools and programs from California to Washington DC.

Though it can cost as much a dollar more for these healthier meals, schools say (the added benefit is worth the added cost).

“You will feel the energy that gives you after you eat”

Their recipe for success: classic dishes with a healthy twist: chicken teriyaki is served over brown rice. Spaghetti and meatballs is made with less sugar in the sauce.“This is better than most cafeteria food like that and students get a say in the menu.

“If they don?t like it they will say”

“Oh they tell us. Very vocal. I mean students do not hold back in terms of their opinion.”

They're letting them know old eating habits are changing, one healthy bite at a time. Bill Whitaker CBS News.

[10] sweetened milk banned in schools

Finally here tonight, it's one of the great things about being an adult in America, you can have chocolate milk pretty much any time you want. The problem is that kids often also want it. And while a lot of parents say they'd rather have them drinking milk than given the alternative, school kids in LA are about to see their alternative start to dwindle.

Our report tonight from NBC's Tom Llamas in Los Angeles. When kids drink milk in the Los Angeles Unified School District, officials say they choose the sweet stuff----chocolate and strawberry flavored--more than 70 percent of the time. In two weeks, that percentage will drop to zero.

We would not procure or sell milk that had added sugar. On Tuesday, Los Angeles School Board members voted to ban flavored milk from their menus, part of a push to make school food healthier. I think ultimately it's the habit we're creating with our children. They drink chocolate milk every single day. That's not healthy.

Diana Star feels chocolate milk should be a treat taken in moderation, a concept she thinks kids like her son Tommy are too young to understand.

Tastes so good like could just like marry a jug of it.

Los Angeles now becomes the largest school district banning flavored milk, following cities from Berkeley to Boulder and Washington, DC, which have eliminated flavored milk in at least some meals.

A student who drinks chocolate milk for both breakfast and lunch will end up consuming15 pounds of sugar in a school year. That's the same as drinking about 180 cans of soda. But the dairy industry says milk's nine essential nutrients are still found in flavored milk, outweighing the harm of added sugar.

Kids are getting 50 percent of their added sugar calories from soda and candy. So we should look at other options that are nutrient poor rather than nutrient rich.

That's why some school districts, like Fairfax County, Virginia, reintroduced chocolate milk.

Back in Los Angeles, Christina DeMegglio believes students like her daughter will avoid plain milk altogether.

I would prefer to see them drink chocolate milk over no milk.

For now, at least in this food fight, chocolate milk is on suspension. Tom Llamas, NBC News, Los Angeles.

[11] 密室逃脱

According to the rules, the players are first taken to a house with several iron doors. They then need to find a way out of the house within one hour. Many clues can be found in the house to help the players open the door or get out of the house through other means. Different houses have different ways of escaping, all of which require players? bol d action, careful thought, and teamwork.

The entire process is monitored to assure the safety of the players.

Many players are white-collar workers looking for a fun diversion on the weekend and a way to relieve stress.

"I come here every week. The game is a lot of fun. People can forget their unhappiness from work when playing the game."

Game Club Employee said, "People need to make reservations to play the game. Normally they need to book half a month in advance for the weekend slot."

Another relaxation echnique that is gaining popularity is hypnosis from a trained psychologist.

Li Lei, Consulting Psychologist, said, "The brain is composed of consciousness and subconsciousness. Hypnosis is a way to communicate with your subconscious. "The psychologist asks the client questions when he or she is in a state of hypnosis. The aim is for the **** to find out their real thoughts.

Li Lei says it is a good way for people suffering from insomnia or anxiety to reduce their stress.

[12]

The new school semester is right around the corner. Many young pupils dream of having less homework, and it seems that for some this dream may come true. The Ministry of Education has released draft guidelines to reduce the academic burden on school pupils.

Homework may become a thing of the past for younger school pupils.

The Ministry of Education plans to lessen the heavy workload. It?s a draft policy, which includes 10 regulations.

One of the regulations states that primary schools may no longer set any form of written homework for students in grades one to six.

Instead, schools should work with parents to organize extracurricular activities and after-school assignments, including museum tours and library study.

Parents have given their reaction to the latest regulations.

"It is good that the homework will be cut down. But I think for senior primary pupils, certain pieces of homework must be assigned to help them to understand and consolidate their knowledge."

"Reducing written assignments could benefit children's health and they can spend more time on outdoor activities and have more time to play. "

The draft also calls on schools to reduce the number of mandatory exams, stipulating that unified tests should not be conducted from grades one to three.

In addition, schools are being required to remove the "100 point" assessment system to avoid drawing too much attention to scores.

Teachers should use comments including "excellent, good, qualified and will-be qualified". They should use encouraging words to strengthen students? confidence. Reducing the school ***** on young children can help them to broaden their interests and encourage a development and a better adult life. It?s all part of China?s continuing efforts to improve its education system for the f uture needs of the country.

[13] Inequality for China's women at an all-time high

Women activists and NGO's say contemporary women in China face more discrimination today than 20 years ago. Despite tighter government regulations, employers and universities set stricter criterion for female candidates.

At China Women?s University, men and women are created equal. Sophomore Li Jia Jun is one man in 100 women attending the University. It?s the only campus in China with the core mission to promote gender equality.

"Men are the minority here but we are treated the same. We get along real well. There?s no reason for gender discrimination these days." Li said.

Equal rights but Li says, with humor, that his female competitors are given special treatment on the courts.

Reporter: “China-based NGO Media Monitor for Women Network says that two thirds of China?s top universities still have policies that limit the proportion of women students. Many campuses set higher admission scores for female applicants. And more discrimination after graduation, says the All-China Women?s Federation.”

Zhang Jian has been teaching women?s studies and equality since the mid 1990?s.

20 years onward, she says equality of women in the workplace has gone backwards.

"Women with higher degrees tend to be stereotyped. Employers consider them less employable than men and that their priorities would be marriage and having children." Zhang said.

Reasons for a mandatory course on ?women?s studies?.

China Women?s University is the only campus that make s it a graduation requirement. Zhang says this could better prepare her students for the inevitable.

China?s 2010 Census found that China?s urban employment rate for working-age women fell to 60.8 % in 2010, down from 77.4% 20 years earlier.

A study on gender discrimination in job ads found that 10% state gender preference, despite strict regulations.

The Central Government imposes fines from US$1,600 to US$4,800 against employers discriminating against applicants? nationality, race, gender and religion.

Still, discrimination is rampant.

Many women job hunters with higher qualifications tell media that their applications are rejected due to gender preference.

The Peking University found that one in four women was denied a job due to their gender.

Some say they were forced to sign contracts that barred them from marrying or getting pregnant. Others claim they got salary cuts or lost jobs for having a baby.

Unlike traditional families, student activist Zhang Zheng Lin is her father?s princess. She says China?s got some way to go with gender equality.

All China Women?s Federation found that much of China believe women should take the back seat in society.

"Education is key and it must start from primary school and all the way through college." Zhang said.

Education activists are hoping to promote that in the near future.

Over in politics, women?s influence has increased over the past five decades but representation is still considerably small compared to men.

The World Economic Forum?s survey says China ranks 69 in the world in gender equality, with Asian neighbor South Korea placing.

[14] Debate over gender equality in S. Korea

Does the election of South Korea?s first ever female president signal a breakthrough for the rights of women in the country, in terms of gaining equal treatment? CCTV correspondent U-Jean Jung takes a look at where women stand in today?s South Korean society.

The Republic of Korea today is a country where more female high-school graduates go to university than their male counterparts.

Prof essor Taehyun Kim from Dep?t of Social Welfare, Sungshin Univ. said, “80 percent of female

high-school graduates enter university. This ratio is higher than male high-school students. This was unimaginable in the past. There was a time when girls weren?t allowed anywhere near schools.”

But at the same time, South Korea is still a country that ranked 108th place out of 135 countries in the World Economic Forum?s Gender Gap Index last year. That?s seven steps below Japan and 39 ranks below China.

Professor Ki m says she would give South Korea?s gender equality status 70 points out a hundred. The social status of women has improved by far, but she says there are still a lot of gaps to narrow.

Professor Taehyun Kim said, “Women?s careers in South Korea are more disrupted than in any other country. South Korea has the worst gender salary gap among OECD countries.”

A little over half of the women in South Korea are economically active, but this is nowhere near the 80 percent average of OECD countries. Rene Lee, an HR manager of a multinational company in Seoul says she?s seen many women leave the workplace.

Rene Lee, HR manager, said, “It?s a pity to see women, who are great talents leave the workplace to give birth and focus on raising their children. I?ve seen man y working mums have a hard time trying to find a place to feed their children, or trying to ask grandparents to look after them.”

CCTV correspondent U-Jean Jung said, "Having a female president may not change the immediate future, but these women are posit ive it?ll help in the long-term."

Rene Lee said, “Girls will no longer impose limits when planning their future. Many will become aware that anything is possible for women, even becoming president.”

Professor Taehyun Kim said, “Having a female president in a society like South Korea is a revolution, and a big step forward in terms of social reform for women. There is great potential to improve gender equality in the future.”

[15] HK's career moms balance career and family pressures

Hong Kong's number of career moms seeking work-life balance is growing, but there are few to be found in the most senior ranks. Cathy Yang in Hong Kong looks into why, and what it may take to break the trend.

She?s boss at work, and mom at home. Emma Sherrard Matthew is Global C-E-O at Quintessentially, the luxury lifestyle and concierge services firm, overseeing more than 60 offices from the headquarters in Hong Kong.

Emma gave birth earlier this year to her first baby, Willa, and has since returned to work. How she does it all isn?t the question, but how she gets everyone involved to help her out.

"I have only been back now for a few weeks but as I said to my husband and my daughter they are my priority but I love what I do. I work with outstanding, incredible talent so for me, that?s always going to encourage me to want to go back into the workforce as well." Emma said.

Emma is one of the growing number of women in Hong Kong who have achieved senior positions

and opted to carry on with it even after childbirth, helping create gender diversity in the city?s

male-dominated corporate work place.

Women in Hong Kong now represent more than 50 percent of graduates from universities, and in many professions, they make up 50 percent or more of the graduate intake.

But these figures come down in more senior organizational ranks, as women either fail to get promoted into senior positions, or decide altogether to quit their jobs, reveals Ernst & Young?s Anne-Marie Balfe.

“Some of our women are dropping out because they hav e family pressures, some want to pursue you know whether it?s more of a work-life balance or want to pursue other careers.”

Reporter: “While there are more companies in Hong Kong committed to improving women?s status, the task of achieving gender balance at the work place still has a ways go. And it will depend largely on the women themselves, on their commitment to helping other women as well as engaging men to becoming part of the solution.” Anne-Marie Balfe said.

“Men network extremely well internally wi thin their organizations. Women network quite well outside of their organizations. So for a professional women?s network within your organization, it?s

really beneficial to have your men included as well.” Anne-Marie Balfe said.

As for Emma, it?s teamwork at home taking care of Willa. While they?ve hired for full-time help, it?s still daddy calling the shots at home when Emma?s out on business.

[16]Staying at home dads/Meet Mr. Mom 2?36

And this morning at today?s family, daddy daycare. For decades, the p layground in this country was always moms and their kids. Well, now a new crowd is moving in. It?s the dads NBC?s Don Teegy has more.

In a lot of ways, the morning scramble of this suburban Austin Home of Magan Raglouse is just like millions of other homes. There are children to feed and dress, and a workday to begin. But in this home, it?s not Rick who is rushing off to the office. It is Megan, leaving the full time job of caring for the kids to their dad.

Rick Lucas: “This is our solution to a problem th at a lot of families have. And it is not forced upon us, you know, we have chosen this.

For Megans, the choice was simple, she makes more money than he did, and daycare costs a fortune.

Mrs Lucas: I have more amount of time, I have better benefits, and so it just makes more sense.

So, four years ago，Rick quit his 35,000 thousand-dollar-a-year job to do this full-time. He also cooks, does the laundry and grocery shopping, even takes the kids to playgroup, tasks once considered women?s work.

Rick Lucas: “I ne ver really saw anything masculine about working at a computer in an office. So, when I made that transition to home, you know. I didn?t really feel like I was less a man”.

Just a few years ago, the idea of men giving up their careers to raise the children might have raised a few eye brows.

But times have changed, today, the number of stay-at-home dad is rising fast. In four years. The number of fathers staying at home with the kids has risen 60% and Doctor Awho studies the trends says dads love it.

“These guys are doing well. They?re happy with the roles. They?re not particular influenced by

some stigma still might be out there. Nothing Hollywood has helped matters，movies like Mr. Mom

had poked fun at men?s parenting skills but times are changing. At this Austin playground, the children work for playground while fathers talk sports.

“We?re really lucky to be in a generation that allows that and expects that, you know, father needn?t do the delivery work”.

Today more than a quarter of working women make more money than their husbands allowing more men to discover raising kids is also a full time job.

[17] teenagers can have credit cards.

No one is suggesting every teen should get a credit card because there are some

serious consequences if they a make mistake early in life especially with this thing, credit file. But the study does challenge the conventional wisdom that young borrowers are bad borrowers. Raise the issue that they are not as bad as we all assumed.

The best way to give your kid credit cards early in life is make them authorized users on your card. They get their own cards but the statements come back to you. You know what is going on. You see what's going. You could always cut them off any time you want. But they get their own credit history. They start to build up that all-important file early in life. A lot of parents want to give their kids debit cards.

There are traditional debit cards and one of these prepaid debit cards. That could be a great way

to control finances that they cannot spend more than what is loaded on the card or in their checking account. But it?s not a credit product. They don't get any credit history for this. And they don't learn how to manage money. With a credit card, you start to build up that all-important credit file at a young age. One of the factors give you good credit scores is how long you manage credit properly.

[18] Good Credit Card Habits

Now you have a credit card. It is important to learn how to use it properly. I'll tell you how to do that in this episode at 2 Minute Finance.

So you have your first credit card. Congratulations. Now you want to make sure you don't form the bad credit habit. Now tell people the magic number 25. 25 means if the purchase that you are making is over 25 dollars, put on your card. If it is under 25 dollars (for) things like food, movie tickets, pay for it with cash. That way you know exactly how much you're spending. It is easy to lose track when you

are charging everything to your credit card.

There are also some No-No's you have to remember with your credit card.

Don't ever withdraw cash from your credit card. It is called cash advance. It'll be one of the most expensive loans you ever made.

Don't be late with the payment. Your interest rate will skyrocket.

Beware of fees for things like late payments, overusing your card overseas in vacation. And remember to pay off your card every month. Card companies hope you carry a balance from month to month because they earn tons of money from you at the end of the month. And make it a healthy financial habit to pay off the credit card at the end of the month.

One final No-No is if you find yourself unable to pay off your balance at the end of the month, remember not to just pay the minimum payment. If I made the minimum payment at 15 dollars of a 2000 dollar balance, it takes me almost 25 years to pay off the entire balance.

Also one other thing, remember to check your credit report each and every year you are entitled to one free credit report a year from https://www.360docs.net/doc/8416663103.html,.

It is important to paint a picture of fiscal responsibility. And by ** advice that's exactly what you are doing. You'll be rewarded in the future with lower borrowing costs. For more resources, visit our website at https://www.360docs.net/doc/8416663103.html, in Silicon Valley. I am Bobby Lee for 2 Minute Finance.

[19] crushing student loans

There's a staggering new number out tonight from the federal government. Student loan debt in the country has reached $1 trillion. That's a record. It's also more than Americans owe on credit cards. And the implications here, like the numbers, are enormous. Our report from our chief education respondent, Rehema Ellis.

Maria recently got a Masters in education to improve her job prospects, but at 31, married with one child and another on the way, she said the cost of her degree is a burden.

“It's a terrible way to start a marriage with someone, to have those extra stresses on you.”

With $50,000 in student loans, a stack of other bills, and a teacher's salary of $35,000, she said

she barely makes ends meet.

It's scary.

Two thirds of the class of 2010 graduating owing an average of $25,000 in student loans. More than a quarter of those students are behind on their payments making Maria?s story all too familiar.

“My credit was shot be cause of defaulting on payments and deferring loans.”

The cost of a public school education is nearly $21,000 per year. private college, $36,000. Unlike other debt that can be forgiven in bankruptcy, student loans for the most part, cannot. That impacts, not just the borrower, but the nation as well.

“If you could discharge the student loan, you could rebuild your credit and get back to someone who does buy a house. That helps the housing economy.”

Experts say there are ways to manage the debt. Talk with your lenders. Work out a repayment plan that fits your budget.

If your debt to income ratio is a certain percentage, your payments can be as little as $45 or $15 or zero dollars.

She's paying interest only.

That's the scary thing. “We're just buying time. Bu t we're prolonging the inevitable that you have to pay it.

A lesson she hopes her children will learn before they're old enough to go to college.

“What do you want to draw a picture of?”

Rehema Ellis, NBC News Melville, New York.

[20] When to change your credit card and how

Just because an outfit looks great on you when you were 16, it doesn't mean you would be caught dead in it today, right?

Well, the same thing could be said of a credit card. The credit card worked really well for you, 10, 15, or even 20 years ago may not fit your lifestyle today.

So how do you know if you have outgrown your credit card?

Ask yourself these four questions. First, have I changed how I use my credit card? In the past, maybe you may have been paying it off in full every month. Now you are carrying a balance. That means your interest rate matters a lot more than it used to. If you have a good payment history，then you are paying more than 18 percent a month. Then you can probably get a better rate.

Second, has my credit history changed? If you have been using your secured credit card but built a solid credit history in the past few years, it is maybe time to update your credit card to a lower rate and better terms.

How do you if you are ready? Go to my FICO .com and check your credit score. Once you boost your score around 650, it's time for a better card.

Third, do I pay an annual fee? Most of your credit cards don't have an annual fee. So if you are paying an annual fee, ask yourself why. If you are taking advantage of perks like concierge service or great frequent flyer miles. Wonderful. If you are not, chuck the card.

Fourth, am I getting rewards I can really use? If you are letting your reward miles pile up and expire because you just don't have time to travel. Opt for cards that offer rewards that you can really use like cashback or gift cards. And if you have a card that doesn't offer any rewards at all, it's definitely time for a switch. See, a little change can be a good thing. To find a credit card that might be good for you, go to https://www.360docs.net/doc/8416663103.html, and search by credit card type. For https://www.360docs.net/doc/8416663103.html,, I am Melody Warnick.