新概念英语第一册笔记

新概念英语第一册笔记
新概念英语第一册笔记

新概念英语第一册――――学习方法与指导

新概念英语第一册是针对中学生和成人初学者而设计的一本教材,其内容涉及如下几方面:

一.语音

二.词汇

三.课文

四.语法

一.语音

英语音标的系统讲解将在前四十课内完成。通过对语音部分系统而全面的学习,学生要了解英语的基本发音规律及特点,掌握英语单词的读音规则及句子的发音技巧,为今后的英语学习奠定良好的语音基础。学生首先要听清楚每个音素的发音,掌握其要领,然后认真模仿,争取把每一个音都发得准确、到位。

二.词汇

新概念英语的显著特点之一就是它蕴含了丰富的词汇。新概念第一册的单词大多比较常用,而且也都简单易懂,在授课过程中,我们又以书上的生词为基础,有针对性地对这些单词作了必要的补充。比如同义词、反义词及这些单词的副词、形容词和名词形式等等。学生可以运用单词联想记忆法,迅速扩充词汇,同时还可以了解一些英语的基本的构词法,使单词的记忆变得更轻松。

同时我们也对一些词汇的其它常用意思和用法作了适当的补充,而且所补充的这些单词并不是孤立的,他们都附有大量的例句,以便学生能够清楚地知道运用这些词汇的具体情景,使学生在词汇的运用上把握得更准确、自如,从而达到事半功倍的效果。三.课文

新概念英语第一册不涉及写作方面的知识,也没有长篇阅读的文章。课文多为对话,内容简单易懂,对初学者和具有初级水平的学生来说,可以轻松掌握。课文中的语言多为生活化的语言,具有很强的实用性。学生要充分利用课文现有的资源,首先要多听,多读,尽量地模仿它的语音语调,并最终达到学以致用。

四.语法

新概念英语第一册将涉及到如下语法项目:

1)――

=〉名词的单复数形式

=〉助动词和情态动词的用法

=〉介词短语

=〉there be 句型

=〉定语从句

=〉形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等等

2)-―时态

=〉现在进行时

=〉一般现在时

=〉一般过去时

=〉过去进行时

=〉现在完成时

=〉过去完成时和将来时

作为英语的学习者,要准确地掌握语法规则才能准确地把握句子结构。有了较强的语法功底才能更好地,系统地掌握一门外语。学生首先要对这些概念做到心中有数。

最终学到的知识都是为了实际运用,而一口流利的英语一定是从实践中锻炼出来的。

最后祝同学们学习顺利。

语音

汉字属于象形文字,具有表义性

英语为拼音文字,具有表音性

英语共有26个字母

Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj

Kk Ll Mm Nn

Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww

Xx Yy Zz

The Alphabet Song 字母歌

A B C D E F G

H I J K L M N

O P Q R S T U

V W X Y Z

Now you know your ABC.

Everybody, sing with me.

[ei] Aa Hh Jj Kk

[i:] Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv Zz

[e] Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz

[ai] Ii Yy

[ju:] Qq Uu Ww

[ɑ?] Rr

[?u] Oo

元音字母a e i o u

辅音字母除a e i o u以外的字母

第一人称“我”的主格I

音素是发音的最小单位

如:excuse就是由几个音素组成的,音素的书面表现形式称为音标。

音标共48个,20个元音,28个辅音

所谓元音,是指气流通过口腔时不受到发音器官的任何阻碍,所以发元音的时候一定要清

元音:单元音,双元音

单元音:前元音,中元音,后元音

四个前元音:发音的主要器官,即舌的活动部位在口腔前部。

1. [i:] 舌尖抵下齿,舌前部隆起,接近上齿龈,气流通过缝隙清晰地发出[i:]。e 在开音节中,读[i:],开音节以元音结尾的词。

[i:] -- e

me 我(宾格)

he 他(主格)

she 她(主格)

we 我们(主格)

be 系动词

[i:] -- ee

bee 蜜蜂

meet 见到

street 街道

keep 保持

see 看见

[i:] -- ea

eat 吃

meat 肉

please 请

read 读

clean 干净的

Read these sentences:

Keep the street clean, please! 请保持街道清洁。

We eat meet every day.我们每天都吃肉。

She meets me in the street every day. 她每天都在街上碰到我。

We see a bee. 我们看到了一只蜜蜂.

2. [i] 口形比[i:] 稍大,嘴唇稍扁,肌肉不要紧张,要松驰一些,短音。

闭音节的y(闭音节指以辅音结尾的音节)

[i] -- y

gym 体育馆

pity 遗憾

Read these sentences:

It is a thin pig. 这是一只瘦猪。

He missed me. 他想我了。

Fish and chips are cheap and easy to eat. 鱼和薯条便宜,吃起来也很方便。It is a pity that she is sick. 她病了,太遗憾了。

Jim is as thin as a pin. 吉姆像一个别针一样瘦。

区别一下这两个发音

[i:] [i]

me it

be is

he this

she fish

3. [e]口形稍扁,舌位半高半低,短音

[e] – e

get 得到

beg 乞讨

never 从不

let 让

rest 休息

Ben 人名

wet 湿的

[e] – e

sweat 汗

dead 死的

bread 面包

heaven 天堂

Read the sentences:

He is dead. 他死了。

Ben is wet with sweat. Ben 浑身是汗。

Never let it rest. 永不停息。

Ben eats bread. Ben 吃面包。

4.[?] 嘴角要向耳朵两侧拉伸,嘴张开的大小是食指与中指的高度。[?] -- a

mad 疯的

man 男人

flag 旗

hand 手

cat 猫

catch 抓住

rat 老鼠

Read the sentences:

A fact is a fact.事实就是事实。

The fat man has a flag in his hand.那个胖男人手中拿着一面旗。

A black cat is eating a rat. 一只大黑猫正在吃一只老鼠。

The fat man is mad. 那个胖男人疯了。

比较

[e] [?]

beg bad

pen pan

beg bag

pet pat

ret rat

Lesson 1 Excuse me!

New words and expressions

excuse [iks?kju:z] v.原谅

me [mi:] pron.我(宾格)

yes [jes] adv.是的

is [iz;] v. be动词现在时第三人称的单数this [eis] pron.这

your [j?:] 你的,你们的

handbag [?h?ndb?ɡ]n.(女用)手提包

pardon [?pɑ:d?n] int.原谅,请再说一遍

it [it] pron.它

thank you [θ??k ju:] 感谢你(们)

very much [?veri m?t?] 非常地

excuse [iks?kju:z]

1. v.原谅

eg. Excuse me. 请原谅,劳驾。

2. n.借口

eg. It’s an excuse. 那是一个借口。

me pron. 我(宾格)

eg. He loves me. 他爱我。

eg. She cheats [t?i:t] me. 她骗我。

eg. Please tell me. 请告诉我。

Excuse me 的用法

这个短语经常被译作“对不起”,但它并不表示你有什么过错,而是说你要打搅别人,所以常被译作“劳驾”。

1.为了要引起别人的注意

eg. Excuse me. Is this your handbag?对不起,打扰一下,这是你的手提包吗?

2.要打扰某人或要打断别人的话

eg. Excuse me. May I ask you a question?对不起,打扰一下,我可以问你一个问题

吗?

3.向陌生人问路

eg. Excuse me. Could you please tell me the way to the railway station?劳驾,请问去

火车站的路怎么走呀?

4.向某人借东西

eg. Excuse me . Can I borrow your pen?打扰一下,可不可以借你的钢笔一用?

5.需要从别人身边挤过或让别人给自己让路

eg. Excuse me. Could you please make some room for me?劳驾,借过一下.

6.要求在宴席或会议中途中离开一会儿

eg. Excuse me. May I leave for a little while?对不起,我失陪一下/我出去一下.

sorry 用于当你做错某事而向别人道歉的时候,表示“对不起”

1.请问几点了?

eg. Excuse me. What time is it?

2.不小心把水弄到了别人的身上。

eg. Sorry.

eg. I’m sorry!

3.对不起,我先失陪一下

eg. Excuse me.

4.误解了别人的意思

eg. Sorry.对不起.

yes [jes]

1.adv. 是的(对一般疑问句的肯定回答)

eg. Are you mad?你疯了吗?

--Yes, I am.是的,我疯了.

2. 经常用于应答,表示“什么事”

eg. Excuse me? 请问/劳驾?

--Yes? 什么事?

eg. Wendy. 温迪.(女子名)

--Yes?有什么事吗?

is [iz] v. be动词现在时第三人称的单数

be: is am are

is 用于单数名词或单数第三人称代词。

eg. He is a student.他是一个学生。

eg. That’s an egg.那是一个鸡蛋。(That’s = That is) eg. This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。

this [eis] pron. 这

that [e?t] pron. 那

eg. This is a dog. 这是一只狗。

eg. That is a map. 那是一张地图。

your [j?:] 你的,你们的(物主代词)

your key 你的钥匙

eg. This is your key. 这是你的钥匙。

your book 你的书

eg. That is your book. 那是你的书。

your room 你们的房间

eg. That is your room. 那是你们的房间。

handbag [?h?ndb?ɡ] n.(女用)手提包

hand 手

bag 包

eg. That is your handbag. 那是你的手提包。

pardon [?pɑ:d?n] 原谅,请再说一遍

pardon = pardon me

= I beg your pardon? 能再说一遍吗?

it [it] pron. 它(用于指代一切单数事物)eg. It is an egg. 它是一个鸡蛋。

eg. Is this your pencil?这是你的铅笔吗?

--Yes, it is. 是的,它是。(it 指代pencil)

thank you [θ??k ju:] 感谢你(们)

2.you 代词(你,你们)

主格―――主语

eg. You are a good student. 你是一个好学生。eg. You are good students. 你们是好学生。

宾格―――作宾语

eg. Thank you. 谢谢你(们)。

eg. I miss you. 我想你(们)。

very much [?veri m?t?] 非常地

eg. Thank you very much. 非常感谢。

eg. I love you very much. 我非常爱你。

Grammar [?ɡr?m?]

1.一般疑问句

把系动词be(is, am, are)置于句首(用升调)

eg. This is a handbag.这是一个手提包。(肯定句)eg. Is this a handbag? 这是一个手提包吗?

--Yes, it is. (肯定回答)(it代handbag)

--No, it isn’t. (否定回答) (isn’t = is not)

eg. That is your pencil. 那是你的铅笔。

一般疑问句:

eg. Is that your pencil? 那是你的铅笔吗?

--Yes, it is. (肯定回答)

--No, it isn’t. (否定回答)

2.否定句:把not加在系动词的后面

is not = isn’t

am not

are not = aren’t

eg. This is my handbag. 这是我的手提包。

否定句:

eg. This is not my handbag. 这不是我的手提包。

=This isn’t my handbag.

eg. That is your car. 那是你的汽车。

否定句:

eg. That is not your car. 那不是你的汽车。

=That isn’t your car.

Text

Question:

Whose handbag is it? 这是谁的手提包?

A: Excuse me!

B: Yes?

A: Is this your handbag?

B: Pardon?

A: Is this your handbag?

B: Yes, it is.

Thank you very much.

参考译文

对不起

什么事?

这是您的手提包吗?

对不起,请再说一遍。

这是您的手提包吗?

是的,是我的。

非常感谢!

A: Excuse me!

B: Y es?

常用于与陌生人搭话,打断别人的说话或从别人身边挤过等情景当中,表示“对不起”“劳驾”“麻烦一下”。本课课文中这位男士想吸引这位女士的注意力而用了这句客套话。

eg. Excuse me! What time is it? 请问现在几点了?

eg. Excuse me! May I leave for a minute? 对不起打扰一下,我可以离开一会儿吗?

B: Y es? 什么事?(用于对Excuse me的回应)

yes还可以用于对一般疑问句的肯定回答。

eg. Are you a cook? 你是一名厨师吗?(cooker n.炊具)

--Yes, I am. 是的,我是。

A: Is this your handbag? 一般疑问句

陈述句应为:

This is your handbag. 这是你的手提包。

否定句应为:

This is not your handbag. 这不是你的手提包。

=This isn’t your handbag.

B: Pardon?

pardon = I beg your pardon?

请求对方把刚才讲过的话再重复一遍。

A: Is this your handbag?用升调

B: Y es, it is. (it代handbag)

Thank you very much.

Question:

Whose handbag is it? 这是谁的手提包?

Answer:

It’s the lady’s handbag. 它是这位女士的手提包。

小结

1.Excuse me. 对不起,劳驾。

2.Pardon? 请再说一遍。

3.Thank you very much. 非常感谢。

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