高考英语高频词汇记忆

A

1.abandon—同义词desert---同根词ban

After his girlfriend abandoned him, he abandoned himself to drinking.

2. abolish: away old vb.

ab-away偏离、相反: abuse、abnormal、abstract（attract）

-ish动词形容词标志: finish、publish、foolish、childish、English

ad-to: ad ol escent: to grow ing(拉丁后缀) ad ul t: to grow ed

3.absorb---suck (soup吸)

He was so absorbed in this novel that he forgot to get off the train.

Bruce Li: absorb what is useful, discard what is not, add what is uniquely your own.

4. accompany---

company在锅里一起吃饭的人pan平底锅pancake煎饼

a+辅音双写：a和第一个辅音字母往往是用来加强语气的，相当于ad(to),如address, attend

Li Yundi accompanied Wang Lihong on the piano.

I will accompany you to the last moment.

5. accuse

excuse( cause) because

charge充电；收费；管理；charge sb. with…指控某人

a ccuse sb. of …指控/谴责某人

He was accused of cheating in the exam but he denied the charge.

6. accustom使习惯

Custom风俗习惯customs 海关customers 顾客

Accustom sb. to … be accustomed to (doing) sth.

7. achieve 实现，获得

a-除了表示否定外，还可用来加强语气,rise-arise, loud-aloud, wait-await

一般以-f(e)结尾的名词转化为动词时将-f变为-ve, life-live, safe-save, relief-relieve, gift-give,belief-believe

chief 首领；主要的mischief 捣乱、危害

8. acknowledge 认可，感激

音变现象：c、k、g 会、咖

Acknowledge yourself for something you did well today.

Don’t forget to acknowledge the applause.

She is acknowledged as the most attractive girl in our school.

9. accept 接受、承担、认可、接纳

cept:take concept 概念except 强调排除在外（besides）exceptional 例外的特殊的

accept主观接受receive客观收到acceptable

The teacher received my gift but he didn’t accept it.

10. adapt 使适应，改编

ad-:to 同义：accustom 使适应adjust 调整

adopt 收养，采纳optional 有选择的

adept 熟练的expert熟练的；专家

aptitude适应能力adapt(oneself) to adapt or die

I understand that change is inevitable. I welcome change and adapt myself to it.

11. adjust 调整，使适应

just(adj.)—justice(n.) judge判断，裁判—prejudice偏见injure—injury

adjust (oneself) to (doing) sth

It takes a new couple 7 years to adjust to each other.

12. adopt 采纳，收养

option 选择optional 可选择的，选修的

The adopted dog adapted to its new owner quickly.

13. admire 钦佩，赞赏(我的妈呀）

mir=wonder, look admiration(n.) miracle(-acle表名词“物品状态)奇迹

mirror镜子mirage海市蜃楼

-age名词后缀，表示事物的总称、钱数、状态baggage, passage, postage, marriage

She pretended to admire me, but privately she hates me.

14. advocate v./n. 宣传，提倡，鼓吹

-ate 动词后缀/eit/ 名词形容词后缀/it/或/?t/

voice嗓音vocation职业vocational school职业学校vacation 假期(vac空的)

vocabulary词汇英语单词表音+义，汉语表义–ary/ery名词：总称/地方

元音字母帮助发音，福音字母表示意思voice+able+ary

Each advocate brings you 3 new customers.

15. add 添加、增加、把…..加起来，补充说

add up 加起来/ to增加添加/ up to加起来等于，意味着/ add A to B

addition (n.) in addition to sth.=besides in addition=what’s more additional (adj.) 另外的，附加的What he said adds up to nothing.

16. affect v.影响；使产生悲伤、喜爱等感情

effect(n.) have an effect on sth. a+辅音双写：to e+辅音双写=ex：out

fect=fact: do, make 空口无凭affection 喜爱，感情

infect 感染in-在形容词前表否定effective 有效的，起作用的

perfect Practice makes perfect.

What you did can only affect my action, but cannot influence(深层次的) my mind.

17. afford v. 负担得起，买得起（有实力）

音变fort effort 努力force 力量comfort 安慰，舒服(给TA力量)

afford sth. / to do sth.

I cannot afford a new house but I can afford to rent one.

I can’t afford to go on vacation, but I can afford to drink until I don’t know where I am.

18. admit v. 承认，接纳，允许入内

Admit doing sth. 承认做过… be admitted to sp. 被…所录取/用

mit=send admission 入场费permit（全部送进去）许可，允许；许可证

emit 发出，发射submit 提议，提交

d, t, s, g 互换miss=send mission(派出去做事)任务missile（-ile名词形容词标志）飞弹

dismiss（away+send）解散，打发走committee委员会，委员

If you leave the club, you will not be admitted back in.

19. advance n./v. 前进，进展adj. 预先的，事先的

Inadvance=beforehand ahead of time提前advanced 高级的，年长的

20. advise

visit television invisible隐形的revise修改，校对visa

advise doing sth. / sb. to do sth. allow / permit / forbid / encourage

sb, be advised to do sth.

Iadvised him to give up smoking but I could not persuade him to.

21. aid n./v. 帮助，救助；助手

First aid 救助band aid aid sb. in doing sth.

22. allow doing sth. / sb. to do sth.

Allowance默认；零花钱，津贴

23. amuse v. 逗人发笑，娱乐，消遣

a-加强语气await、arise Muse:是希腊神话中主司艺术与科学的九位古老文艺女神的总称,太阳神是她们的领袖。缪斯女神常常出现在众神或英雄们的聚会上，轻歌曼舞，一展风采，为聚会带来不少的愉悦与欢乐。

amused愉快的amusing 令人发笑的，有趣的music/musical/musician museum

易混词amaze (使)吃惊，好奇maze迷宫

同义词entertain使娱乐；招待entertainer 娱乐业delight 使高兴

24. announce v. 宣布，播报，声称

同根：pronounce 发音pronunciation（n.）denounce 谴责announcer 播音员

同义：declare 宣布，声明，表明（态度、立场）de-加强语气

回忆：advocate

25. apologize v.道歉，辩解

The first to apologize is the bravest. The first to forgive is the strongest. The first to forget is the happiest.

-ize动词后缀，如real-realize, organ-organize, modern-modernize, normal-normalize

apo-:away log-:speak -ology/ -logy:学说biology生物学geology 地质学

同根：apology n. 道歉、认错dialoguedia-:通过

26. apply v. 应用，申请

短语：apply for a job申请apply to…应用于、适用于apply oneself to 全身心投入

I want to apply what I’ve learnt to practice so I will apply for this job.

变形：application (n.) applicant (n.) 申请人求职者App Store=application store

词根：-ply: （1）倍数multiply 多层的；（2）折射reply 回复（3）fill 填满supply供应

27. appoint v. 约定、指定、任命、委派“点将台‖

同根：point指向；点appointment（n.）约会，任命disappoint 使失望，使落空

The headteacher（班主任）didn’t appoint him as monitor of the class, which made him disappointed.

28. appreciate v.增值，欣赏，感激

词根：preci=price价格altitude 高度，海拔alt-=tall

precious珍贵的=priceless无价的-ous表示某物本身具有的特征

I will appreciate it if you can tell me how to play the piano. appreciate doing sth. 感激做了…

I hate it when people speak with their mouths full.

在一些心理活动动词后经常加it, 因为感激/ 讨厌的是一件具体的事情而不是某个人。

Learn to appreciate what you have before time makes you appreciate what you had.

29. approach v./n. 接近，走进n. 方式，途径

同义：way to do / of sth --- approach to (doing) sth.

method 系统性、理论性的方法；manner 行为方式，good manners, table manners

means 手段途径by means of 凭借…

搭配：at one’s approach 某人一靠近

I don’t know the approach to catching the bird alive because it flies away at my approach.

30. argue v.争论，辩论，极力主张

词根：arg-=to shine, white表示白色的，亮晶晶的争论的目的就是为了让问题明朗

Argus 阿格斯

argument（n）argent银，银色的Argentina 阿根廷（白银帝国）

同义：debate 辩论（de-打败）quarrel 吵架

搭配：argue against 极力反对/ for 极力支持/ with sb. about or over sth.

Never argue with a fool. People might not know the differences.

31. assist v. 协助，援助，帮助

搭配：assist sb. in doing sth. / with sth.=help sb do sth./ with sth.

词根：-sist=stand consist 由…组成（of），在于（in）

insist 坚持要求（on）persist坚持（in）resist 抵制re-=again; back

32. associate v. 联系n.合伙人

词根：association n. 协会NBA society社会，团体(in)social 社会的，社交的socialism社会主义tourism旅游业

搭配：associate A with B 将.A与B联系/联想起来associate professor 副教授

I will associate this picture with Jordan.

33. attach v. 系上，粘上，依附于，使与……有联系

搭配：attach importance to 认为…重要，重视be attached to…依附于；喜爱…

近义：tie、fix、fasten

Our school is attached to this Teachers’ University. 我校是师大附中。

34. attempt v. 尝试，试图（尤指难事）

搭配：attempt to do sth at one’s first attempt 第一次尝试make an attempt 尝试

同根：tempt 诱惑temptation 诱惑，诱惑物

辨析：try / attempt 一般可互换manage to do 设法做成succeed in doing sth.

35. attend v. 出席参加；上学听课；关心照顾（介词to）；注意

辨析：join / join in / take part in

同根：attention (n.) attentive (adj.) 专心的，周到的

tend 倾向于extend 延伸，伸展intend 打算企图be intended for 为…设计

intensive reading 精读pretend (to do) 假装

I cannot attend your party becauseI have many things to attend to.

36. attract v.吸引

同根：-tract拉，拽tractor 拖拉机contract 紧缩；合约

abstract=away+tract 抽象的distract使分心

drag 拖拉drag your heavy legs draw 拉，拽，吸引draw some money 取点钱picture—pigment涂料，颜料attract one’s attention

Do opposite poles attract or repel?

37. able

同根：enable (en-/ -en使…shorten、enjoy) A to do sth. 使A 能做某事

disable（dis-=否定；away散开）使无能，使残疾

unable不能不会的ability n.

同义：be capable of 表示一种不好的能力

-able形容词―可…的‖ understandable

38. abrupt adj. 突然的，以外的，唐突的

同根：bankrupt使破产interrupt 打断

corrupt堕落(的)，腐败（collect，corrupt, comb/p, con+其他，co+元音字母）

erupt (火山)爆发喷发(e+双辅音=ex, e+词根=ex: out)

There are abrupt weather changes. 天有不测风云。

39. absent adj. 缺席的，心不在焉的

词根：-ent:形容词或名词ab-=away -sent拉丁中=being absence（n.）

反义：present 除夕到场的（at sp.）; 目前现在的（at present）;礼物；赠送（vb.）

搭配：be absent from 缺席于… absent-minded 走神的

All the representatives have been present at the meeting but the chairman is still absent.

40. abundant adj. 丰富的充足的

联想：abandon放纵band 条带绑bundle 捆束bind约束

Talents are abundant in our country. 我们国家人才济济。

41. active adj. 积极活跃的；主动的（active voice 主动语态）；起作用的

反义：passive 消极的；冷漠的；被动的inactive 不活跃的

He is a famous actor and takes an active part in public service activities.

42. adequate adj. 足够的，胜任的

同根：ad-=to equal平等的（-al形容词标志）equator 赤道economy 经济

近义：enough；abundant；fit(be fit for the job)胜任的

You must have adequate sleep.

43. aggressive adj. 好侵略的，有攻击性的，有进取心的

同根：make progress 进步

Grace is an aggressive student, making great progress in study.

44. alive adj. 活着的，在世的

辨析：live 活的（场修饰动物），直播的

lively有活力的，生动有趣的the living 活着的人

When the teacher ate the ant alive, the live class became lively.

45. alternative adj. 可供选择的，备用的，可替代的

Alternative energy 可替代能源，新能源键盘上的Alt键

同根：alter 改变更改alternator 交流电动机

46. available adj. 可利用的；有空的

Wi-Fi available here.（KFC）Jobs Available（报纸上）

47. aware adj. 意识到的，觉察的，警觉的（of）

Take care, be aware.

48. access n. 入口，进入，使用（权利），利用

同根：cess(n.) / ceed（vb.）=go accessible 可进入可利用的succeed(suc=suc)继承excessive过度的过分的successor继承人

proceed前进process 过程流程

49. account n.账户；计算；解释v. 解释；看作

同根：count 计算，指望，重要counter 柜台，计算器counter-=相反，相对counterpart

uncountable 不可数的discount 打折，减价

contrary相反的contrast 对比，对照contradict vb.矛盾，对立，反驳

搭配: take sth. into account / consideration 把…考虑在内open an account 开户On account of 由于account for 说明（理由）；在数量/比例上占…（=take up）50. alarm n. 警报，闹铃

同根：arm 胳膊；武器；装备army 军队（-y常表总称）

I set the alarm clock for 6 o’clock.

51. answer n. 答案v. 接（电话）；应（门），回（信，广告）

搭配：the answer to A A 的答案；A 的解决办法

Answer for 对…负责；满足…的要求

同义：solution、key reply to sb. 回答某人answer sb.

52. appeal v. 呼吁，上诉，有吸引力

搭配：appeal to sb. 向某人呼吁；对某人有吸引力

变形：appealing adj. 有吸引力的，有感染力的

To be honest, his singing didn’t appeal to me much.

53. appetite n. 食欲，胃口

同根：compete 竞争比赛competitor competent

搭配：havean appetite for 爱好

I suffered from a bad headache anda loss of appetite.

54. attitude 1+20+20+9+20+21+4+5=100%

同根：altitude(alt=tall变形)高度aptitude 才能，适应能力

longitude经度latitude（lat=变幅bilateral relation双边关系）维度

I t’s your attitude not you aptitude that determines your altitude.

Attitude is everything, so pick a good one!

55. average n. 平均数adj.平均的，一般的

搭配：on average 平均below average 低于平均水平

56. aboard adv. 在（船、车、飞机上）

同根：board木板木牌blackboard keyboard cupboard skateboard滑板

a-(1)否定（2）on 在…状态（3）加强语气引申含义arise

go aboard 上船/车/飞机on board boarding school 寄宿学校

辨析：abroad 在国外Broadway百老汇broadcast 广播

Welcome aboard! 欢迎乘坐。We are going abroad!我们马上要出国啦！

B

1. bear v.生（孩子），忍受，携带；n. 熊

同根：unbearable 不能忍受的parent (-ent名词形容词后缀pare-是bare变形，类似汉语人变成单人旁)burden n.负担v.负重

同义：stand 忍受tolerate / put up with

搭配：bear / keep sth. in mind

2. beat (beat, beaten) v. n. 击败；有节奏的敲打（心跳、敲鼓、体罚等）

beat sb. to death 打死miss a beat 心脏跳动似乎暂停（震惊）

辨析：hit 轰动一时的人或物

3. behave yourself 规矩点

4. Ibelong to Jesus. Belonging(复数)财产

5. blame v.n.责怪，归咎于

搭配：be to blame for 为…负责blame sth. on sb. 将…归咎于某人bear the blame 承担责任

近义：criticize 批评scold 责骂punish praise

6. burst (brust / bursted) v.n. 爆炸爆裂，突然发生

词根：burn+-st(最高级)燃烧的最高级是突然发生的爆炸爆裂

搭配：burst out doing=burst into sth burst up 爆炸a burst of 突然爆发出…

All the students burst into laughter / laughing at the teacher’s funny story.

7. base n.基础根基v. 以……为基础

同根：base=low, foundation baseball 棒球basement 地下室

basic基础的根本的basin=base+in 盆地database数据库blood bank血库

搭配：on the basis of=be based on 以…基础

8. breath n.呼吸

同根：breathe v. 呼吸名词发清辅音动词发浊辅音，如bath—bathe breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的

搭配：hold / catch one’s breath 屏住呼吸，倒吸一口气

take a deep breath 深呼吸save one’s breath 别费口舌out of breath 气喘吁吁

Life is not measured by the number of breaths we take but by the moments that take our breath away. 生命不在长短，生命在于精彩。

9. besides prep. 除了…之外，还有（包括在内）；adv. 而且，还有

近义：in addition (to), apart from, but/ except (排除在外)

特殊用法：do…besides/but/except+ do; 前无do后用to do

Rose was too angry to sit beside Sam. Besides, she preferred to wait outside.

10. between

同根：twin、two, twelve, twist

搭配：between ourselves 秘密的，不为别人所知的

补充：be-构成介词（在）、动词（使变得）如，little-belittle贬低love-belove钟爱friend-befriend以朋友相待side-beside, fore-before, hind-behind

11. beyond prep. 在…另一边，超过，非…能力所及，

搭配：beyond description 无法描述/ repair 无法修理/ words 无法用言语表达，说不出来beyond sb. 超过某人，为某人所不能理解乐队Beyond（超越）

Everybody was touched beyond words after they heard her moving story.

12. bare adj. 光秃秃的，赤裸的

搭配：bare handed 赤手空拳的bare mobile phone 裸机bare marriage裸婚

近义：naked、empty nest 空巢、vacant空缺的空虚的

When the post(职位) fell vacant, Dennis Bass was appointed to fill it.

13. beneficial adj.

同根：-al形容词后缀nation-national bene-好Mercedes-Benz奔驰

fact / fect / fic / fic=make, do factory、factor因素effect、affect、efficient

搭配：be beneficial to sth.对…有益

变形：benefit v.n. （使）受益be of benefit=beneficial benefit from…

benefactor 恩人benediction祝福

14. bored adj.无聊的讨厌的

搭配：get/be bored with=get/ be tired of= be / get fed up with

15. brief adj. 简洁的，短暂的n.概要，摘要news brief 新闻摘要

同根：abbreviate v. s使简短，缩短briefcase n. 公文包suitcase手提箱bookcase书柜

搭配：in brief 简而言之in detail 详细地to be brief 简单地说

16. broad adj.(幅度)宽广的broad ocean / sky / shoulder

同义：wide(1)(一边到另一边的距离) wide eyes / mouth (2)广泛的widely used

(3) adv. 完全地wide awake - sound asleep narrow-mined 狭窄的narrow escape 勉强的险胜的同根：go abroad at home and abroad broaden v. 扩展，增长

a- 构成表语形容词、副词、动词，相当于on/ in / at / of / with 的意思，表状态；也可用来加强语气或表示否定

1. collect v. 收集

词根：co,col, com, con, cor:一起

lect=choose elect v. 选举select v. 挑选intellect n.智力，知识分子

neglect v.疏忽，轻视elegant adj. 高雅的、美好的

Every week a truck arrived to collect the catch and hand over the money.

2. conduct v. 举止；引导；导电

词根duc / duct=lead educate v. 教育produce v. 生产—product n. 产品

productive adj. 多产的productivity n. 生产力reduce v. 降低introduce v. 介绍

3. conclude v.推论，做结论

同根：-clude关闭conclusive adj. 决定性的结论性的exclude v. 排除在外exclusive a. 排他的专有的include v. 包括inclusive adj. 包括在内的in conclusion 最后，总结draw a conclusion

When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to conclude it with important point.

4. consist

同根：assistassistant persist resist

5. compete v. 比赛，竞争

同根：appetite competent competence competitive

6. cover v. 包含包括n. 书皮，封面

Do you have enough to cover all your expenses?

7. clam a. 镇定的，心平气和的；v. 使安静

a clam person / lake

8. common

9. considerate adj. 关切的，体贴的，考虑周到的

10. in case 以防万一in case of 如果in no case 绝不

Leave your key with your friend in case you lock yourself out one day.

11. complete

12. contrary adj. 相反的n. 反面，对立面on the contrary be contrary to sth

13. character

14. conflict

15. circumstance

16. as far as I’m concerned

17. charge take charge of= in charge of in the charge of

sb. be charged with 因…被控告charge sth. for + money 收钱

18. curious

19. constant

20. complex

1. damage v.n. 损害，毁坏

近义：destroy 毁灭性破坏ruin（积累的）废墟come to ruin / fall into ruin成废墟/ in ruins荒芜的Wreck v.使失事spoil v. 变坏；宠坏do harm to sth. injury 受伤

反义：construct v. 修建establish v. 创建，建立

Teenagers are damaging their health because they play computer games too much.

2. decide

同义：determine 毫不动摇地决心做某事decide 经过―讨论考虑‖后在几种可能中作出决定

反义：hesitate vi. + to do sth犹豫做某事

3. demand v. n. 要求demand that(should)虚拟语气

同义：require，request be in great demand 需求量极大

This requires you to be patient.

4. decline v. 委婉拒绝；下降，衰退

5. decrease v. 减少n. 减少量

6. defend v. 防御；为…辩护

同义：guard v. 看守n. 警卫，哨兵protect v. 保护protect A from B 保护A免受B伤害

7. delay v.推迟耽误

同义：postpone doing sth=put off doing sth.

8. depend

9. develop v.发展development

10. devote v. 致力于，专心于

变形：devoted adj. 献身的，忠诚的

搭配：devote A to B把A献给B be devoted to doing sth投身于某事

devote oneself to (doing) sth.专心做某事

11. die

搭配：die off 一个个死去be dying for sth 渴望得到sth be dying to do sth 渴望做sth

变形：death n. 死亡dead adj. deadly adj.致命的deadline n.最后期限

12. doubt v.n. 怀疑

变形：doubtful adj. 同义：suspect

13. distribute v.分发

近义：divide，separate

14. drill v.n. 操练（反复机械的操练）

同义：practice, train, exercise

15. disturb v. 打扰；使不安

变形：disturbance n. disturbing / disturbed / undisturbed

16. 否定前缀总结

（1）dis-+n. adj. v. disadvantage 缺点dishonorable 不光彩的disagree 不同意

（2）in-+n. adj. v. incorrect 不正确的inaccurate不准确的

（3）im-+字母m,b,p之前impossible 不可能的impolite不礼貌的

（4）il-+字母l开头illegal 非法的illogical不合逻辑的

（5）ir-+字母r开头irregular 不规律的irresistible 不可抵抗的

（6）non-+ n. adj. non-existence 不存在non-smoking

（7）mis-+n. v. mislead 误导misfortune 不幸

1. Earn v.挣钱，赢得，博得

搭配：earn / make a living 谋生earn / make money 挣钱

近义：gain 获得（利润，头衔）；（表）走快My watch gains 2 minutes every day.

Acquire获得（知识技能，习惯）win 赢得（比赛，人心）

同根：learn learn to earn money earnest adj. 认真的

联想：有关ear bear / dear / earn / fear / gear n.齿轮v.调整/ hear / near / pear n. 梨/ rear n.后面/sear adj. 枯萎的凋谢的/ tear / wear / year / early / earpiece n 耳机/ earplug n. 耳塞

2. elect v. 选举，推选

同根：lect-=choose e-=es-=ex-=out co-=com-=col-=cor-=con-=with/ together /completely Collect (lect-=choose）有选择地把东西放一块gather 把东西聚到一块collective adj. 集体的select （se-=apart）挑选separate(se-=apart par-=pair ate=动词)分开

elegant (eleg-=elect ant-=形容词)高雅的漂亮的

eligible (elig-=eleg-=elect ible-=形容词―有能力的‖)有条件当选的，够资格的

搭配：elect sb. +(to be) （不带冠词的职位名词）选某人当…

3. emerge v.(从水中)浮现，出现

同根：e-=ex- merg-=sink ―沉，没‖ emergency n.（-ency=名词）紧急情况（谐音：一抹就死）Submerge v. 沉没，淹没，下潜

近义：appear, turn up, show

The sun emerged from the sea in the east. 太阳从东方海面上渐渐升起。

4. encounter v. 不期而遇，遭遇；对抗

词根：en-=使counter=柜台=对立encounter使面对使对立

en- / -en常用在名词或形容词前后，构成动词，表示―使变得…‖或相当于―in‖,表示‖使进入…状态‖。joy-enjoy rich-enrich danger-endanger short-shorten less-lessen wide-widen

Every day of our lives we encounter stresses of one kind or another.

我们在每天的生活中都会面临这样或那样的压力。

5. encourage v.鼓励支持反义：discourage

搭配：encourage doing sth. / sb. to do sth. 同类语法：allow / permit / forbid / advise Therefore, encourage one another and build each other up.

6. Enter v. 进入，成为一员，参加

同根：entertain v.款待，招待entertaining adj. 有趣的entertainment n. 娱乐

搭配：enter sb. for 给某人报名参赛…

My teacher entered me for the English speech contest.

7. Escape v.逃跑，漏出

同根：cape n. 披肩，斗篷，海角

搭配：escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事narrow escape 九死一生

8. Evaluate v. 评估估计

同根：value n.价值v. 重视valuable adj. 有价值的available adj. 可用的，有空的

近义：assess v.评估（财产）

D on’t evaluate a person on the basis of appearance. 不要以貌取人。

9. Exchange v. n. 交换，交易

同根：change改变，交换；零钱student exchange 交换生

搭配：in exchange for 交换为…

We exchanged Wechat account.交换微信号。

10. Excite v.（使）兴奋激动

同根：cite-=call recite(re-=again) v. 背诵

11. Expect v. 期待，预料

搭配：be expected to do sth. 期待某人做某事

同根：pect-=spect=look expect=outlook

Insepct：视察，检查respect：（re-=back向后看）尊重尊敬

aspect:方面suspect:（su=sub=朝下看look down）怀疑；嫌疑人sb of doing sth

prospect n. (pro-=前面promise)前景，期望(look forward to)

telescope (scope=spect变形tele-=远处television telegram)望远镜

microscope显微镜unexpected 出乎意料的expect respect

Does this meal cost $50? I expected sth. far better than this!

这就要50块钱？我期望的比这个好多了。

12. Explain v. 解释，说明

同根：explanation n. 解说complain v. 抱怨complaint n. 抱怨

I can explain it to you but I can’t understand it for you! 我可以给你解释，但能不能理解取决于你。Never complain, never explain. Resist the temptation to defend yourself or make excuses.

13. Expose v.暴露，揭露，曝光

同根：pose v. 摆姿势position n. 职位，位置

dispose v. (dis-=否定；away)处理安排suppose v. (sup=sub)假设猜想

搭配：expose A to B= B be exposed to A

Try to expose yourself to English as much as possible.

14. Express v.表达n. 快车快件

同根：express-expression press v. 按，压n.新闻，出版物pressure n. 压力

Impress v. 给人留下深刻印象（on），感动；使铭记—make/ leave an impression on sb. Impressive adj.感人的depress v. 压下，使沮丧depressed adj. 沮丧的

de-=down; away; clear of去掉detrain 下火车deforest vt.滥伐森林

15. Eager adj. 渴望的，热切地

搭配：be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事/ for sth 渴望得到

I’m eager to learn knowledge as much as you are eager for money.

我的知识的渴望如同你对金钱的欲望。

Eager beaver(海狸)

Let’s hope that eager beaver, Mike, won’t ruin everybody’s mood tonight.

16. Embarrassed adj. 尴尬的，窘迫的

同根：bar条、棒、障碍物；酒吧netbar 网吧barrel 木桶barrier 栅栏障碍物ass驴

He felt embarrassed when he took that girl for his girlfriend.

当他把那个女孩错当成自己女友时感到非常尴尬。

17. Energetic adj. 精力充肺的，充满活力的

同根：energy n.精力，能源，能量positive energy正能量

近义：active 活跃的lively 充满活力的，有趣的deadly致命的

The elderly man is quite energetic.这位上了年纪的老人仍精力充沛。

18. Enthusiastic adj.热情的热心的

变形：enthusiasm n.热情，激情

同义：passionate 热情的passion n.

搭配：be enthusiastic about sth. 对。。。充满热情

Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.没有热情就成就不了伟大的事情。

19. Equal adj. 平等的相等的

搭配：be equal to…与……相等，胜任…

同根：equate v. 使相等，等于equator n.赤道

economy n.(ec-=equ-收入支出平等)经济，理财

economic adj.(ic-形容词)经济有关的economical adj.（al-抠）节俭的

Nobody is equal to him in mathematics.

20. Exhaust adj.筋疲力竭的，耗尽的

同根：haust=吸exhaust v.耗尽，排干exhausting adj. 使人疲惫的

近义：tired, wore out反义：energetic

As he has exhau sted our patience, we’ll not wait for him any longer.

21. Extra adj. 额外的，附加的

同根：extraordinary 非凡的，显著的

Breakfast is provided at no extra charge.供应早餐，不令收费。

Extra益达口香糖Extra！号外

22. Effect n. 作用，影响，结果

同根：affect effective efficient infect infectious perfect perfection

fact factor factory benefactor benefit difficult （dif-=不能）

搭配：have an effect on=affect/ influence in effect=in fact/ indeed / as a matter of fact take effect起作用，生效the Greenhouse effect cause-effect 原因-结果

23. Effort n. 努力，结果

搭配：make an effort 努力spare no effort 不遗余力without effort 毫不费劲地

同根：eff- e+双写辅音=out fort=ford力force （t,d,s,g常互换）力，暴力

enforce v. 加强afford(有实力)买得起，负担得起comfortable舒服的

Oxford(ox牛ford力，劲)牛津（劲）

I will spare no effort to achieve my dream.

24. Emotion n. 情感情绪

同根：emotion(e-=ex=out mot=move –ion=抽象名词)

Motion n.运动motor n.马达，发动机，汽车motivation n. 动机

promote v.促进，促销，晋升remote 遥远的

pro-=fore=向前promise, prospect re-=back; again retell, return

近义：feeling 感情、感觉、感受mood心境、心情

She was in a bad mood so her emotion waved sharply.

25. Envy n.v. 羡慕，嫉妒

同根：survey调查

近义：admire v. 赞赏，羡慕admiration n.

I know he said thatout of envy.

26. Error n. 过错，过失，误差

搭配：trial and error 反复试验，从失败中找办法

近义：mistake(理解上的失误) fault（行为上的过失）

27. Event n. 大事件，体育比赛项目，结果

搭配：in the event of =in case of 万一…

同根：vent=come, go―来‖ event(e-=out vent-=go)

Eventually=in the end=finally=at last prevent…from doing阻止

近义：matter 物质，问题a matter of …问题none of your business

by accident 碰巧（accident 意外事故）incident 插曲，事件affair 事务

What event are you going to enter for in the coming sports meeting?

28. Experience n.经验，经历（经历-可数；经验-不可数）

同根：experienced有经验的expert n.专家experiment 实验

Experience is the best teacher!

29. Energy n. 能源，精力

近义：power权利，功率，电力come into power 上台执政

Force 武力，暴力，军队strength 力量，优点

--You are always full of energy. Can you tell me thesecret？

--Taking plenty of exercise every day.

F

1. fial v.辜负；（体质健康）衰退；不及格；失败

搭配：fail to do sth. 没做成… fail in sth. 某事失败了succeed in doing sth. manage to do sth. 变形：failure n. 失败；失败者success n. 成功，成功者

抽象名词具体化后可数It’s a pleasure to help you. With pleasure.

I’ve failed over and over, and that is why I succeed.

Words failed me.说不出话来。

His eyesight was beginning to fail.

2. Fit v.（使）合适（常指大小）；安装adj. 合适的，胜任的，健康

搭配：be fit for胜任… fit in相处融洽，与…一致keep fit 保持健康fitting room试衣间

近义：suit款式颜色合适或时间条件对某人合适

T he skirt fits me, but it doesn’t suit me.

-How about 5 o’clock tomorrow? –It’s suits me fine.

match强调匹配，相称Nobody can match him in English in our class.

She matched the carpet with some very nice curtains in color.

3. Follow v. 跟随，听从

变形：following adj. prep. 随后，在…之后follower 追随者

搭配：as follows 如下所述follow on e’s advice听从建议follow one’s nose凭感觉做

4. Forbid (forbade, forbidden) v. 禁止

近反义：allow, permit, prohibit, approve

You forbid smoking in the school, but why are the teachers not forbidden to (smoke here)?

5. Found v. 建立，成立（founded, founded）

同根：foundation 基础fund基金refund v. 退钱fundamental adj. 基础的根本的

-ish动词形容词后缀，finish，publish，childish

近义：build up trust(逐步树立/增进), set up, establish

延伸：原形及过去式各为独立单词

Lie lay lain lying 躺，位于lie lied lied lying 说谎lie laid liad laying 放置，下蛋

Wind wound wound 缠绕；迂回wound wounded wounded使受伤

6. Frighten v.恐吓，使恐惧

变形：fright n. 恐怖，恐吓frightening frightened

近义：scare 使惊恐，使害怕fear 害怕，敬畏be afraid

7. Fair adj.公正的；晴朗的，金发的；好的n. 集市，展览会

变形：unfair 不公正的fairly 相当地，十分地（常用来修饰褒义词）rather(常加贬义词)

Fair play 公平竞争my fair lady 金发的book fair 书展

8. False tooth 假牙artificial arm 假肢artificial flowers 假花

9. Be familiar with be familiar to 被…所知同根：family

The singer is familiar to us, that is, we are all familiarwith him.

10. Fantastic adj.极好的，奇异的

同根:fantasy n.幻想fancy v.n. 幻想，怪想

11. Fierce adj. 凶猛的，激烈的，猛烈的

近义：violent暴力的急剧的, cruel残忍的，无情的, severe严重的，严厉的

12. Final adj. 最终的，最后的

同根：-al形容词后缀natural Fin-=end finish infinite 无限的，不定的define v.（de-向下爱）下定义fine n.罚款finance n.财政，金融

Do you think shopping online will finally take the place of shopping in stores?

13. Fluent adj. 流利的，流畅的

同根：flu-=flow 流bird flu禽流感fly v. 飞n. 苍蝇firefly 萤火虫

Dragonfly 蜻蜓butterfly 蝴蝶influence n.v. 影响；势力

float v.漂浮（fly+boat）flow v. 流动(fly+low) fluid n.流体adj.流动的(fly+liquid)

in-在形容词前常表否定；在动词名词前表示―里面‖ -id经常化学物质的结尾，如liquid

14. Fortunate adj.幸运的，吉利的

同根：fortune n.命运，财富make a fortunate 发财，挣大钱unfortunately不幸地=unluckily

15. Free adj. 自由的，免费的，有空的adv. 免费地

搭配：set sb. free 释放free of charge=for free 免费feelfree=feel at home请随意别客气

Keep free from sth. 远离，免受…

变形：freely 自由地freedom 自由

dom名词后缀，表示―状态，身份，领域，总称‖ wise-wisdom，king-kingdom

I’m free this afternoon.我今天下午有空。

We put the books in the bookcase to keep them free from dust.

16. Frequent adj. 频繁的，常见的

反义：rare 罕见的，很少的infrequent

17. Full adj.满的，详尽的，饱的

搭配：be full of=be filled with 充满了make full use of 充分利用full moon 满月

18. Face v. 面对，朝向n. 面子

搭配：face-to-face 面对面make a face 做鬼脸in the face of 当着..的面；不顾

Lose face 丢脸be faced with=face sth. 面对face the music:承担后果，面对不愉快的局面

同根：facial 面部的，表面的surface n. 表面preface n.前言，序

Facing with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.

19. Facility n.设备，设施；灵巧，熟练

同根；facile adj. 容易做的，付钱的fact / factor / factory / effect / affect / benefit

-tiy 名词后缀，如real-reality, equal-equality, popular-popularity

20. faith n. 忠实，信用

搭配：have faith in 变形：faithful=loyal

同义：belief 信仰trust 信任credit 信用confidence 自信

21．Favo(u)r n. 帮助，恩宠；v. 喜爱，赞同

搭配：do sb. a favor=do a favor to sb. 帮人忙in favor of 支持，赞同

同根：favorite 最喜欢的人；特别喜欢的

-ite常表人的名词或具有某种性质的形容词后缀，social-socialite 社会名流oppose-opposite相反的

22. for fear of 以免,,, 担忧… fear for为...担心fearless/ fearful

23. fight for / against / with campaign 战役，运动

24. figure n. 数字，任务，体型；v. 认为，估计figure out=work out 计算出，想明白

25. firm n.公司adj.稳定的adv. 坚定地

同义：stable steady 同根：confirm v.进一步证实affirm v.断言，肯定

26. focus on =concentrate

27. form n.形式，表格；v.形成，养成

同根：reform v.改革transform v. 变形，改变formal adj. 正式的informal非正式的

28. fun n.快乐，娱乐，有趣的人或事（前不能带a）

同根：funny adj. 有趣的，好笑的，滑稽的搭配：have fun! 玩得高兴！Make fun of 取笑

30. Forward adv.向前，向将来；adj.前面的

同根：forward=fore +ward before forehead前额foretell预言foresee预见forecast预报

搭配：look forward to (doing) sth. put forward 提出

31. Frankly adv. 坦率地，真诚地

Frankly speaking, I don’t want to marry you.

G

1. Gain v. 获得（成就、利益、好处），增加；（表）走得快

同义：earn acquire obtain get

There are no gains without pains.=No pains, no gain.

How to gain weight=put on weight

2. Gather v.聚集，集合，采集

同根：together adv. 在一起，同时altogether adv. 全部地

同义：collect

3. Generate v.产生(后代)；形成，造成；发（电）

同根：Gaea美音：['d?i?希腊神话中的人物，地神该亚又称大地之母，是希腊神话中最早出现的神，在开天辟地时，由混沌(Chaos)所生。该亚生了天空，天神乌拉诺斯，并与他结合生了儿女，是世界的开始。Gene-=Gaea变形gene基因generation 一代genius n.天才

Generator n.发电机，创造者general n.将军adj.总的，一般的

Generous adj.慷慨大方的geology 地质学geography 地理geometry 几何

-logy 表示―学说‖的后缀，biology生物学–graph―写‖如photograph拍照biography传记

4. glance v.瞥视，扫视n.一瞥，

搭配：glance at sth.扫视，浏览（look at）at a glance / at first glance乍看，一看

辨析：glare v.怒视stare v.盯着看

They fell in love at first glance. 他们一见钟情。

I recognizedhim at a glance.我一眼就认出他来了。

5. grow (grew / grown) v.成长，种植，渐渐变得（系动词）

v. / adj.+th常构成名词，如heal(痊愈)-health, long-length, strong-strength, wide-width 搭配：grow up 长大成人grow into…长成…

The shy boy grew into a confident speaker later.

6. Guard v.看守，警戒n.卫兵，护卫队

搭配：guard against提防，预防on guard 站岗放哨off guard 放松警惕

近义：defend v.捍卫，保卫

Warning: Guard Dogs On Duty 舒肤佳：Safeguard 仪仗队；Guard of honor

H

1. Happ en v. 发生，遇到，碰巧

同根：hap-=运气happy / happiness perhaps或许

搭配：happen to sb. …发生在某人身上happen to do sth.碰巧要做某事

Happen to have done sth.碰巧做过某事happen to be doing sth.碰巧正在做某事

同义：take place举行，（有计划地）发生sth. occur to sb.=sth. hit sb.令某人想起…2. Hit v. 打击，袭击；令人想起；n. 轰动一时的人或物

近义：strike v.罢工，袭击beat v.打败，体罚，连续不断地敲打

It hit me that he had hit me with a ball ten years ago when he was a hit in our school. 我突然想到十年前当他是我校风云人物时曾用球砸过我。

3. Hold (held, holden) v. 拿住，握住，容纳；扣留

搭配：hold up举起（手）；（被交通堵塞）耽误；持械打劫hold out 伸出，递出

Hold on坚持（your dreams）;别挂电话（your phone）hold back抑制（tears）;隐瞒We want to rent a bus which can hold 40 people for our trip to Beijing.

Hold on a moment and I will go to your rescue(拯救).

4. Hurt v. 损伤；伤害（感情），疼痛n. （心灵上）伤害，疼痛adj. 受伤的，疼痛的近义：hurt 精神肉体上伤、痛wound 战斗中伤harm 严重损伤，不良后果

Injure事故中、名誉上的伤害the dead and the injured 死伤人员

Damage 对物体的破坏

It only takes a few words to hurt people you love, and it can take years to heal.

5. Hospitable adj.热情好客的，适宜的

同根：host(ess) （女）主人hospital 收容所，养老院，医院hotel旅馆

反义：hostile 敌意的indifferent 冷漠的

6. Hono(u)r n. 荣誉，敬意，光荣

搭配：in honor of 为向…表示敬意the guard of honor 仪仗队honest 诚实的

It is an honor to do sth. / what an honor (it is) to do

I

1. Imagine v. 想象，认为某事会发生或存在

同根：image 形象imaginative 富有想象的imagination 想象力exam ine v.检查考试

搭配：imagine doing sth. =fancy doing sth.想象做某事imagine and create

2. Impress v.给…留下印象，使铭记

同根：im-=是in在b、p、m前的变形press / pressure / impression / impressive / depress / depressed / express / expression

搭配：impress … on sb. 让某人牢记… impress sb. as 给某人留下…的印象

a(泛指) first impression 第一印象give / make an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象

First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get a second chance to make an first impression.

3. Improve v.提高，改善，好转

同根：prove 系动词. 证明+常加形容词approve vt. vi.(+of) 批准，赞同

4. Include v. 包括；计入

同根：clude-=close including prep.包括concern v.关心—concerning prep.=about关于

included adj.包括在内的(必须放在所修辞的名词后，类似的还有leave--left)

conclude v.结束，得出结论—conclusion exclude v.排除，不包括exclusive专用’l的

辨析：contain―包含，由…构成‖，强调全部内容–tain=hold

We’ll invite many people, including some famous ones, Andy included.

5. Increase v. n. 增加，增大

搭配：increase to 增加到了（强调结果，如beat sb. to death）/ by增加到（强调量）

On the increase在不断增加中

同根：crease-=create=grow decrease v.降低，减少create v.创造creature / creative

Concrete n. 混凝土v.凝固adj.具体的，确实的（crete-=create）

My salary has increased by 20% to $3.000 a month.

6. Inform v. 通知，告知

同根：information n.信息

搭配：inform sb. of 通知某人… keep sb. informed (of) 让某人随时了解

The old man listens to the radio to keep himself informed of the latest news in the world.

7. Insist v.建议，坚持认为，坚持要求

搭配：insist on/ upon doing sth. 坚持做某事insist(建议、坚持要求) that…(should) do

同义：stick to sth. 坚持（计划，计算）persist in sth坚持（理论、原则、主意）

同根：assist v.协助，帮助assistant n.助手，店员consist 组成（of）；在于（in）；一致（with）

He insisted that he hadn’t stolen my wallet and that he (should) be set free at once.

Insist upon yourself. Be original.---Emerson

8. Intend v. 计划，意欲，企图

搭配：intend to do sth. 打算做… be intended for 转为…所准备的

同根：in-加强语气tend v.倾向，趋于tendency n.趋势

Attend v.出席，参加；照顾；处理attention n.注意力attentive adj.周到的，注意的

Pretend v. （在别人面前）假装（to do）extend v. 延伸，延长

extensive reading 泛读intensive reading 精读

I intend to feel good about me and do sth. positive today.

9. Interrupt v.打断，中断

同根：rupt-=break erupt v. 爆发，喷发corrupt v. 腐败adj.腐败的

Bankrupt n.破产者adj.破产的vt.使破产abrupt adj. 唐突的，突然的

Don’tinterrupt it when it is being updated, or it will break down.

10. Introduce v. 引进，推荐，作为…开头

同根：duce-=lead educate / produce / reduce / conduct v.引导，指挥，传导

Induce v.引诱

Our teacher often introduces us some useful English websites.

11. Involve v.卷入，牵涉；包含，需要

同根：VOLVO 沃尔沃volume n.卷，册，音量evolve v. 进化，发展

Revolution n.革命（鲁迅笔名取自lution）；转数revolutionary 革命的

Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involves spending quite a lot of time with students.

12. Instruct v. 讲授，教导，指导；命令

同根：struct=build structure n. 结构，体系instruction n. 用法说明，造作指南=direction Construct v. 修建，建造China Construction Bank

搭配：instruct sb. to do sth. / that…(should) do / sb. in sth.在某一方面指导某人

Always read the instructions on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.

J

1. Join v. 参加加入；连接

辨析：join +有编制的、公立的/ join in / take part in / attend +party、meeting、class

Join sb. in sth.和某人一道做某事

After attending the speech, he decided to join us.

2. Judge n. 法官v.判断，审判

搭配：judge from / by judging from…(非谓语结构中只用ing形式，类似generally speaking)

同根：just adj. 公正的合理的justice n. 公正adjust v. 调整，适应

Prejudice n. 偏见jury n. 陪审团injure v.伤害(in-否定)—injury n.

D on’t judge a book by its cover.不要以貌取人。

Judging from your appearance, you may come from Africa.

3. joke n.玩笑v. 取笑，开玩笑

搭配：play jokes on sb.=laugh at sb.=make fun of sb.=play tricks on sb.

You are joking.= You are kidding. = Don’t pull my leg. 别开玩笑了。

Make a joke of 对…一笑了之

D on’t play jokes on others if you don’t want to be laughed at.

如果不想被别人嘲笑就不要开别人的玩笑。

4. journey n.旅行、行程、历程

同根：journal n. 日记，杂志journalist n.记者

近义: journey 较正式，侧重时间较长距离较远的单程陆地旅行。Journey to the West

Trip公务或游玩的短暂旅行tour周游巡游

Voyage海上空中旅行travel 泛指旅行行为而不指某次具体的旅行，不定数、复数均可用

A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. 千里之行始于足下。

5. junior n.晚辈，级别较低者，大三的学生，小（用于男子明后以区别于家族中同名的长辈，缩略式为Jr.）adj. 初级的，年少的

反义：senior 高级的资深的年长的；大四生freshman大一生

sophomore 大二学生sopho-=wisdom Sophia女名-more=foolish 一瓶不响半瓶晃荡

-ior形容词名词后缀，如interior内部的；内部superior卓越的；上级，高手

搭配：be junior to…（年龄）小于/ （职位）低于…

Though he is junior to me in age, he is senior to me in position.

K

1. knock n.敲击声v.敲，打

搭配：knock sth. off 喊价，杀价

If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 % off the price.

There is a knock on the front door of our house.

If opportunity doesn’t knock, build a door.

2. Kind

同义：sort / type / class等级，种类/ species / variety

3. Keen adj. 热切地，热情的，热心的

搭配：be keen on sth. 渴望得到=be eager for=be enthusiastic about

If you are keen on sth. you like it a lot and are very enthusiastic about it.

4. Keep v.

搭配：keep (on) doing sth. keep up with与..保持一致keep sth. away from sth.

Keep sb./sth. from doing sth.

同义：retain / reserve / preserve/ conserve / withhold

5. Knowledge n. 知识，学问

搭配：to one’s knowledge=as far as one knows 据某人所知

With/ without one’s knowledge告知（未告知）某人

Sam picked up some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.

L

1. Lie

The cure for stress lies in learning to relax.(lie in存在，在于…)

2. Logic—logical

同根：log-=logu=speak apologize(v.)—apology(n.)道歉

Catalogue n.目录dialogue n.对话

Logic will get you from A to B; Imagination will take you everywhere.

3. Locate v.坐落，位于；找出…准确位置

搭配：be located in sp.坐落于…

4. Lead v. 引导；过（生活）n. 领导

搭配：lead to sth.导致某种结果

同义：direct / conduct / guide / instruct

All roads lead to Rome.

5. Lack vt.缺乏n.缺少

搭配：lack for sth.= be lacking in sth. a lack of …

近义：absence / shortage / scarcity

Lack of passion is fatal.

6. Last adj.上一个，最后的adv. 最后最末地n.最后的人或物v.持续

同义：persist / endure / continue