译林牛津英语中考冠词和名词

本节课目标：

1．复习冠词和名词的用法，以及在中考英语中常考的题型。

2．完成本课冠词和名词的练习并讲评。

3．安排寒假作业的完成计划并按照计划监督学生认真做好寒假作业。

冠词

冠词的分类：不定冠词a/an和定冠词the

冠词考题中考时的重要程度：☆☆☆基本上选择题的第一题都是考察冠词的题型。a/an

1.第一次提及

这是一本书。___________

2.泛指

飞机是一种能飞的机器。___________

一个老师正在等你。___________

3.每一，相当于every

每周5节课___________

每年2次___________

4.用在固定词组中

一点儿a little a few a bit

一会儿___________

感冒___________

a 和an的区别

不见元音不加an,不看字母看发音

一把伞_______ 一个不同寻常的故事________

一所大学_________ 一本有用的书___________

the

1.指双方都知道的人或事物

请给我那本书________________

2.特指或上文已经提到的人或物

你认识穿衣服的女孩吗？_______________________

3.世界上独一无二的事物

地球绕着太阳转___________________________

4.用在序数词，形容词最高级前。

5.用在姓氏前表示一家人或者夫妻。

格林一家人正在看电视。___________________________

6.用在专有名词前

长城______________ 美国_______________________

7.用在方位或西洋乐器前

吉林省位于中国的东北部。______________________________

我喜欢弹钢琴。_________________________________________

8.the加形容词表示一类人。

富人应该帮助穷人。________________________________________

9.用在固定的短语中

在上午_____________________ 在白天_____________________

最后_____________________ 一直_____________________ 同时_____________________ 顺便提一下_____________________ 在户外_____________________ 在….岁时_____________________

在开始时_____________________ 在中间_____________________

在此时_____________________ 在另一边_____________________

零冠词

1.不可数名词

没有谁人类就不能生存_________________________________________

2.某些专有名词

玛丽住在纽约。_____________________________________________

3.前面已经有了物主代词

4.三餐，球类，学科前无代词

他经常在放学后去打篮球_________________________________________

5.by+交通工具by car=___________

6.固定短语

日日夜夜_______________ 面对面_______________

肩并肩_______________ 一步一步地_______________

在学校_______________ 在工作_______________

处于危险中_______________ 卧病在床_______________

及时_______________ 在中午_______________ 在晚上_______________

※不定冠词也可以用在抽象名词前表示“一次，一个，一场”等

在中国南部将有一次强风。______________________________

他的新书获得了很大的成功。______________________________

Tom给了我一个很大的惊喜。______________________________

方法总结：

1.弄清楚句子中的名词是单数，复数还是不可数？是泛指还是特指？

2.注意关系的习惯搭配和活用问题。

名词

名词是中考中的重点难点，尤其在具体语境中的近义高频名词的用法区别。主要考察名词的数和格以及名词词义的辨析。

名词考题中考时的重要程度：☆☆☆

名词的分类：

专有名词Lucy, The Great Wall, China

普通名词可数名词个体teacher, chair, book

集体family, police, class, group, team

不可数名词物质rice, glass, water, paper, air, wood, wool

抽象danger, health, life, knowledge, interest, love

※名词的数请牢记表格

※某国人的复数变化

Chinese __________Japanese __________Englishman __________ Frenchman __________ American__________ German__________ Australian __________

※以o结尾的单词加es的情况

potato__________ tomato __________ hero __________

以o结尾的单词加s的情况

zoo __________ radio__________ photo__________ piano__________ kangaroo__________

bamboo__________

※man teacher__________ woman driver__________

※roof__________belief__________chief__________

※一则新闻__________一条建议__________一副眼镜__________一条裤子__________

名词所有格

北京是中国的首都______________________________

这是玛丽和她妹妹的卧室。_____________________________

魏华的执照和约翰的执照都丢了。_____________________________

教师节_____________________________儿童节_____________________________

他是我哥哥的一个朋友_____________________________

名词辨析

1.family, house, home

2.job, work

3. problem, question

4.voice, noise, sound

5.cause, reason, excuse

6. journey, trip, travel

方法总结：

1.结合语境选合适的名词

2.平时多积累并熟悉一词多义

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