记叙文型完形填空的特点与解题策略1
记叙文型完形填空的特点与解题策略
1．记叙文型完形填空可分为记事和记人两种形式，记叙时间、地点、人物和事件等，文章长度在300词左右，阅读用时约需18分钟。
2．文章首句一般不设空，以情景意义考查为主，淡化对语法的考查，4个选项词类相同，设空以实词为主，即动词、名词、形容词、副词为主，虚词为辅，即介词、连词，代词为辅，几乎不涉及情态动词与冠词。
3．考生在做完形填空题时，除了掌握必要的词汇、语法、习惯搭配、文化常识等基础知识外，平时积累好的解题方法以及良好的做题习惯很重要。
4．重视首尾句，把握开篇，速读全文，掌握大意；理清人物事件，把握作者态度；理顺事件的发生、发展和结局。
【典例1】上下文语境的信息寻找
Michael Greenberg is a very popular New Yorker.He is not famous in sports or the arts.But people in the streets__16__him，especially those who are__17__.
For those people，he is“Gloves”Greenberg.How did he get that__18__？He looks like any other businessman，wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase(公文箱)．But he's __19__.His briefcase always has some gloves.(2013·课标Ⅱ)
16．A.know about B．learn from C．cheer for D．look after
17．A.old B．busy C．kind D．poor
18．A.job B．name C．chance D．message
19．A.calm B．different C．crazy D．curious
解析根据上下文可知，每当冬季来临，Michael Greenberg都会走上街头，为穷人送上温暖的手套。故第16小题可以推断出街上的人都认识他，还送给外号“Gloves”。故选A项。第17小题根据下文信息“many poor New Yorkers know him”以及“with cold hands”可知第17小题选D项。第18小题根据上文“he is Gloves Greenkerg”，that name指“Gloves”，人们对他的昵称。故选B项。第19小题，连词but提示上下文之间为转折关系，Greenberg和上文提及的其他商人有所不同，故选B项。
【典例2】上下文段的语境理解
The Mullers soon realised that food and clothing weren't __42__(enough)．“What these people also need is warmth and __43__，”says Rita.The Mullers didn't __44__(hesitate) to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime.
……
Kurt and Rita receive no __52__for their hard work.“We feel like parents，”says Rita，“and parents shouldn't __53__(expect) money for helping their children.The love we get on the streets is our salary.”
42．A.enough B．necessary C．helpful D．expensive
43．A.fame B．freedom C．courage D．caring
44．A.hesitate B．agree C．pretend D．intend
……
52．A.permission B．payment C．direction D．support
53．A.borrow B．raise C．save D．expect
解析根据下文The love we get on the streets is our salary.(我们在街道上获得的爱就是我们的薪水)可知，第43题“无家可归”的人应该得到的是“关爱”(caring)，而不是“名声”(fame) 、“自由”(freedom)或“勇气”(courage)，故第43题应选D项。他们帮助无家可归的人不求回报，根据上下文的理解，所以第52题应选B项。
二、左顾右盼——找寻搭配
做题时，不能仅盯住空格，或空格所在的一个句子上，一定要左顾右盼，弄清前后的习惯搭配或句式结构。
【典例1】词语的固定搭配
...I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s，when children from different races and religions played and studied together in harmony.At that time my family lived a stone's __40__from Ismail's...
40．A.drop B．throw C．move D．roll
解析 a stone‘s throw表示“非常靠近”，是固定短语。
句意：在那时我家住得离Ismail家很近。故选B项。
【典例2】词语的习惯搭配
...Lola is__19__of all her hard work and success.She says it's helped her overcome problems in her life outside gymnastics too.Her advice for others is“just believe in yourself.”．..(2013·北京) 19．A.proud B．tired C．ashamed D．confident
解析第19小题Lola对她的努力和成功感到自豪。be proud of“以……为骄傲、自豪”为习惯搭配。故选A项。
【典例3】句式的搭配
...The most valuable lesson I gained from studying in France wasn't just to respect the French people __19__to respect all people，for your next best friend could be just a continent away...(2013·浙江)
19．A.and B．but
C．or D．so
解析not just...but...“不仅仅是……而是……”为固定搭配。句意：我在法国学习期间学到的最有价值的不仅仅是尊重法国人，而是尊重所有的人。故选B项。
三、思前顾后——通读全文
【典例】
Mr.Greenberg__29__doing this 21 years ago.Now，many poor New Yorkers know him and __30__his behavior.But people who don't know him are sometimes __31__him.They don't realize that he just wants to make them__32__.(2013·课标Ⅱ)
29．A.delayed B．remembered C．began D．enjoyed
30．A.understand B．dislike C．study D．excuse
31．A.sorry for B．satisfied with C．proud of D．surprised by
32．A.smart B．rich C．special D．happy
解析第29小题，根据上下文Greenberg先生在21年前就开始做这件事了，故选C项；有的考生可能误选D项“喜欢”做，通读全文后，作者只是想表达21年前“开始”做，而不是“喜欢”做。第30小题也是通读全文后可知人们“理解”他的行为，选择A项。故第31
小题选D项；第32小题也是通读全文后可知Greenberg的伟大之处，选D项。
(2014·北京)The Fittingin of Suzy Khan
The first time I saw Suzy Khan，I knew I had to help her.She was really small for her age of 12.The boys in my class often __1__ about her and laughed their heads off.She would open a book，pretending to read，with tears dropping on the open page.
All I knew was that she was an orphan (孤儿) from Africa.She had just been adopted by a family in town who __2__ that the best way for her to learn American ways of life was to be with American kids.I looked down at this __3__ girl and promised myself that somehow I would help her.
But how could I help her __4__ in with us？There had to be a __5__.
One day，when I went into the classroom，I saw that Suzy had __6__ her geography book to a picture of a train，and in her notebook，she had made a(n) __7__ copy.
I was surprised and thought that she could do something in the coming __8__ show.So，I took her to see the art teacher，Miss Parker，and showed her what Suzy had __9__.“Why，it's wonderful，”said Miss Parker，who then showed us a poster she had painted __10__ the talent show.“I need more of these，but I just don't have enough __11__.Could you help me，Suzy？”
On the day of the talent show，Suzy's __12__ were everywhere—all over the hall and all over the school，each one different.
“And finally，”said Mr.Brown，the schoolmaster，at the end of the show，“we have a (n) __13__ award.I'm sure you've all noticed the wonderful posters.”Everyone nodded.“One of our own students __14__ them.”
I could hear everyone whispering.“Who in our school could draw __15__ well？”Mr.Brown waited a while before saying，“__16__ this student worked so hard on the posters，she deserves a __17__，too.Our mystery(神秘) artist is our new student—Suzy Khan！”
Mr.Brown thanked her for all the wonderful posters and gave her a professional artist's set.“Thank you，”she cried.
I __18__，at that time when I was looking at her excited face，she'd probably never __19__ anything in her whole life.
Everyone started to __20__ their hands.Suzy Khan gave them a shy smile and the applause was deafening.I knew then Suzy was going to be all right.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位新生Suzy Khan刚开始入学时不适应，被班里的同学嘲笑，后来在老师的帮助下，通过自己独立给学校的达人秀画海报而受到校长、老师和同学们称赞的故事。
1．A.joked B．cared C．forgot D．worried
解析考查动词辨析。大家都嘲笑她laughed their heads off，可知其他同学对她并不友好，班里的男孩子应该是常开她的玩笑，因此选A，开……玩笑。care意为“关心”；forget 意为“忘记”；worry意为“担心”。
答案 A
2．A.reported B．decided C．complained D．questioned 解析考查动词辨析。Suzy 被镇上的一个家庭收养，她的养父母应是“决定”：对于Suzy
来说，学会美国生活方式的最好的方法就是和美国孩子待在一起。report意为“报告”；complain意为“抱怨”；question意为“质问，疑问”。
答案 B
3．A.rich B．proud C．tiny D．popular
解析考查形容词辨析，上下文信息题目。由第一段“She was really small for her age of 12”中的small可以看出Suzy的相貌不符合她12岁的年龄，太显小了。small一词给此处提供了答案信息，因此选择C.tiny小的。rich意为“富有的”；proud意为“骄傲的，自豪的”；popular 意为“受欢迎的”。
答案 C
4．https://www.360docs.net/doc/af11538000.html,e B．fall C．fit D．tie
解析考查动词辨析。结合句意以及标题可以看出现在作者在思考如何帮助Suzy适应新生活，fit in with sb和某人相处融洽；适应。因此选C项。come意为“来到”；fall意为“掉落”；tie意为“系”。
答案 C
5．A.manner B．pattern C．choice D．way 解析考查名词辨析。结合句意：我怎么样才能帮助她适应呢？总会有一个方法的。因此D项way正确。manner意为“礼仪；方式”；pattern意为“图案”；choice意为“选择”。
答案 D
6．A.read B．taken C．opened D．put
解析考查动词辨析。由空后to a picture of a train可以看出此处应该是打开课本，翻到书上的一幅火车图片并在练习本上临摹这幅画，因此选择C选项。read意为“阅读”；take 意为“带走”；put意为“放”。
答案 C
7．A.free B．perfect C．final D．extra
解析考查形容词辨析。由空后作者惊讶的态度I was surprised...来看，Suzy所画的东西应该是很逼真，结合句意，因此选B项。free意为“自由的，免费的”；final意为“最后的”；extra意为“额外的”。
答案 B
8．A.art B．talk C．quiz D．talent
解析考查上下文信息。由10空后面的the talent show，看出D项正确。art意为“艺术”；talk意为“谈话”；quiz意为“测验”。
答案 D
9．A.colored B．written C．carved D．drawn 解析考查动词辨析。作者给Miss Parker看的应该是Suzy所画的东西，因此选D。color 意为“上色，涂色”；write意为“写”；carve意为“雕刻”。
答案 D
10．A.at B．after C．for D．around
解析考查介词辨析。结合句意，Miss Parker此时展示的是她为这次达人秀所画的海报，for the talent show。at意为“在……”；after意为“在……之后”；around意为“在……周围”。
答案 C
11．A.room B．time C．paper D．interest 解析考查名词辨析。从空后来看，Miss Parker此时向Suzy求助帮忙画海报，此空应是没有足够“时间”画才向Suzy求助，因此选B项。room意为“房间，空间”；paper意为
“纸”；interest意为“兴趣”。
答案 B
12．A.gifts B．books C．photos D．posters 解析考查上下文信息。根据下文信息，13空后面的I'm sure you've all noticed the wonderful posters，应是Suzy所画的海报能够在各处看到，因此选D项。gift意为“礼物”；book意为“书”；photo意为“照片”。
答案 D
13．A.special B．academic C．national D．royal
解析考查形容词辨析。结合句意，此时校长Mr.Brown应是想要给Suzy嘉奖，而这个奖应是一个“特殊的”荣誉，因此选A项。academic意为“学院的，学术的”；national意为“国家的”；royal意为“皇家的”。
答案 A
14．A.painted B．found C．printed D．collected 解析考查动词辨析。结合句意，them指代海报，我们自己的一位学生画了海报。因此选A。find意为“找到”；print意为“打印”；collect意为“收集”。
答案 A
15．A.very B．that C．quite D．too 解析考查副词辨析。结合句意，此处学生们好奇谁能够画的那么好，that＝so意为“那么”，因此选B，very意为“非常”；quite意为“十分”；too意为“太”。
答案 B
16．A.If B．Though C．Unless D．Since
解析考查连词。结合句意，既然Suzy在海报上花了很大功夫，她应该受到嘉奖。因此选D。if意为“如果”；though意为“尽管，虽然”；unless意为“除非，如果不”。
答案 D
17．A.prize B．rank C．rest D．place 解析考查名词辨析。结合句意，deserve a prize应受嘉奖，因此选A。rank意为“排名”；rest意为“休息”；place意为“地方”。
答案 A
18．A.replied B．realized C．remembered D．regretted 解析考查动词辨析。结合句意，当我看到她兴奋的脸时，我意识到，Suzy也许一生中从未拥有过这样的时刻。因此选B。reply意为“回复”；remember意为“记得”；regret 意为“后悔，遗憾”。
答案 B
19．A.offered B．valued C．owned D．controlled
解析考查动词辨析。结合句意，对于Suzy来说，她应是从未拥有过这些，因此选C。offer意为“主动提供”；value意为“珍惜”；control意为“控制”。
答案 C
20．A.clap B．wave C．raise D．shake 解析考查动词辨析。结合句意，此处其他学生开始为Suzy鼓掌，从空后applause能够看出此处应为clap，因此选A。wave意为“挥舞”；raise意为“举起”；shake意为“摇晃；颤抖”。
答案 A
夹叙夹议文
夹叙夹议型完形填空的特点与解题策略
在夹叙夹议型的完形填空中，作者首先叙述一个事件，然后就此事件提出自己的见解或由此事件引出一个深刻的社会主题，所选的有关文章蕴涵深刻的人生哲理，耐人寻味。鉴于这一点考生不但要理解文章的字面意思，更重要的是挖掘文章的内涵，只有做到了这一点，考生才能透彻理解文章，做好完形填空。夹叙夹议型的完形填空一般有以下三个特点：1．先叙述作者自己的某一个生活经历或见闻，然后针对这一事件发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。
2．作者先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，有时也可能是用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。
3．提出一种观点或见解，然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点，最后再进一步地总结和升华。
对于夹叙夹议型的完形填空，抓住作者要说明的观点或要阐述的生活哲理是做好这一类型题目的关键，而作者叙述所发生的事件或生活经历只是为表达其思想服务的。
对于夹叙夹议型的完形填空还要把叙和议有机地结合起来。有的考生没有注意到这一点，他们把叙述与议论分割开来，只顾选某个部分的答案，而没有注意到事件与论点之间的关系。这时，文章主旨的部分就不可能处理好。
掌握完形填空解题五技巧
一、根据“词语同现”解题
“词语同现”，也有人称之为“词场”。同现词之间有同义、反义或相对关系，或者同类互补关系等，如differently与in difference；different与same，similar；cruel与friendly；ill 与pale，patient，doctor，operation等，根据此相关信息确定答案。
【典例1】
I never felt so ________as I did that day，...poor.
A．angry B．rich C．patient D．bitter
解析考查反义词复现。作者说出自己家很贫寒，但此时感觉在那天说的事在精神上是很“富有”的。由此只有B项rich符合句意要求。
【典例2】
“I have a brilliant design for our egg container! A protective one！”I said when Cassie arrived.“We can ________ the egg with some butter cream.”．..
A．protect B．replace C．carry D．mix
解析考查同根词复现。根据文中的“a protective one”可知，此处要用protective的动词形式protect“保护，防护”。故选A项。
二、根据“词语复现”解题
“词语复现”是指某一个词以原词或同义词等方式在同一语篇中“重复出现”。“词语复现”有原词复现，同源词复现(即同根词)、同义词或近义词复现，如ill与sickness，上下义复现(即概括与分述，如animal是sheep，tiger，wolf等的上义词；rose是flower的下义词); 反义复现(如wrong与right)等。
了解词语复现这种衔接手段，有助于快速准确地解答完形填空题。
【典例1】
...When the Red Cross started blood banks to collect and store blood for men wounded in battle，black Americans gave blood along with the whites.At first their blood was not https://www.360docs.net/doc/af11538000.html,ter blood from the blacks was ________ but was stored in a separate place from“white”blood...
A．received B．accepted C．lost D．found
解析考查原词复现。此空的前一句是“At first their blood was not accepted”，根据行文逻辑可知，此处仍要用accepted，一开始黑人的血不被接受，而后来被接受了。故答案为B项。【典例2】
...It seems your tray stand has been very useful to you，but we are getting ready to leave now，and my wife needs her ________ back....
A．bag B．walker C．tray D．coat
解析考查原词复现。前一句是：你的这个托盘架对你似乎很有用，但是，我们现在要走了，我的妻子想拿回她的“托盘”。根据前面部分出现的tray stand，他们是想拿回“我”误拿的托盘。故tray正确。故答案为C项。
三、根据“逻辑推理”解题
根据上下文的逻辑关系来推理正确答案，逻辑关系包括因果关系、对比关系、并列关系、转折关系、让步关系、递进关系、条件与结果的关系等。从近几年来的高考完形填空题来看，最多的是利用因果关系来推断正确答案。
【典例1】
...Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is cruel to eat animals，but others argue that they can eat meat and ________ be kind to animals.
A．still B．even C．later D．somehow
解析句意：一些人选择不吃肉，因为他们相信吃动物是残酷的，但是其他人争论说他们可以吃肉，同时仍然对动物慈善。上下为“转折关系”，故选A项。
【典例2】
...She longs for a sense of __5__，and so we have come to Nova Scotia where my husband and I were born and where our ancestors __6__ for 200 years.(2013·福建)
5．A.home B．duty C．reality D．relief
6．A.built B．lived C．remained D．explored
解析她渴望……，“and so”(因此)表示递进关系，下文又出现“我和丈夫出生的地方”，故可以推断是“家”，选择A项，从而推断出下一选项为B项lived，其它意义不当。
四、根据“背景常识”解题
将文段意思和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识，以及科普常识等结合起来，进行简单推理，从而得出正确答案。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推断”常常是交织在一起的，因为虽有背景常识，仍需简单推理；逻辑推理离不开背景常识。
【典例1】
...People from Latin American countries，__10__，touch each other quite a lot.Therefore，it's possible that in __11__，it may look like a Latino is __12__ a Norwegian all over the room.The Latino，trying to express friendship，will keep moving __13__.The Norwegian，very probably seeing this as pushiness，will keep __14__—which the Latino will in return regard as __15__... 【语篇导读】这是一篇典型的可以根据“背景常识”解题的完形填空，如果了解在不同文化背景下的常识，做好这篇完形填空将会很容易。
10．A.in other words B．on the other hand C．in a similar way D．by all means
解析上文讲到了北欧人的习惯，此处要针对拉丁人的习惯进行说明，on the other hand另一方面，符合上下文语境。in other words换句话说；in a similar way相似地；by all means 当然可以。
答案 B
11．A.trouble B．conversation C．silence D．experiment 解析根据下文可知，拉丁人一直在缩短与北欧人之间的距离，此时两个人应该是在房间进行交谈。答案 B
12．A.disturbing B．helping C．guiding D．following
解析根据下文的叙述，拉丁人想离对方近一些以示友谊，而挪威人却一直在后退，好像是拉丁人在追着挪威人跑一样。答案 D
13．A.closer B．faster C．in D．away
解析根据trying to express friendship可知，拉丁人极力想离对方近一些。答案 A 14．A.stepping forward B．going on C．backing away D．coming out 解析根据pushiness可知，挪威人在向后退。答案 C
15．A.weakness B．carelessness C．friendliness D．coldness 解析拉丁人认为距离近是表明两人的友好，而挪威人却在不断后退以保持双方的距离，故拉丁人认为这是“冷漠”的表现。答案 D
五、根据“前后搭配”解题
“前后搭配”主要指动词与介词的搭配、动宾搭配以及句式搭配等。能不能搭配，除涉及词语的用法外，还需要综合语法知识及常识等来判断。
【典例1】词语的习惯搭配
...Several thoughts crossed my mind as I watched him work.He wasn't welldressed.He had on a pair of shorts and a(n) shiny Tshirt.The bicycle he rode was not by any means the kind modern cyclists would want to be seen riding on.But he seemed __47__ with life.There he was，... 47．A.busy B．content C．careful D．bored
解析但这位老人怡然自得，好像是对自己的生活非常满足。seem content with...表示“好像对……满足”，是习惯搭配，故选B项。
【典例2】句式的搭配
...I tried picking_up trash(垃圾)myself，but the job was too big.I would __24__ an hour or two on the job，only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later.Finally，I got so tired_of it that I decided something had to change....
24．A.kill B．save C．wait D．spend
解析作者花费一两个小时来捡这里的垃圾，sb spend(s) some time on sth 或者sb spend(s) some time in doing sth是固定句式，表示“某人花费时间在(做)某事上”，故选D项spend。【典例3】语法结构的搭配
...I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s，__38__ children from different races and religions played and studied together in harmony.At that time my family lived a stone's throw from Ismail's...
38．A.why B．which C．how D．when
解析分析句子可知，非限制性定语从句__38__ children from different races and religions...修饰先行词the early 1960s，所以需填表时间的关系副词when，故答案为D项。
(2014·天津)One night，when I was eight，my mother gently asked me a question I would never forget.“Sweetie，my company wants to __1__ me but needs me to work in Brazil.This is like your teacher telling you that you've done __2__ and allowing you to skip a grade(跳级)，but you'll have to __3__ your friends.Would you say yes to your teacher？”She gave me a hug and asked me to think about it.I was puzzled.The question kept me __4__ for the rest of the ni ght.I had said“yes”but for the first time，I realized the __5__ decisions adults had to make. For almost four years，my mother would call us from Brazil every day.Every evening I'd __6__ wait for the phone to ring and then tell her every detail of my day.A phone call，however，could never replace her __7__ and it was difficult not to feel lonely at times.
During my fourthgrade Christmas break，we flew to Rio to visit her.Looking at her large __8__ apartment，I became __9__ how lonely my mother must have been in Brazil herself.It was then __10__ I started to appreciate the tough choices she had to make on __11__ family and work.__12__ difficult decisions，she used to tell me，you wouldn't know whether you made the right choice，but you could always make the best out of the situation，with passion and a __13__ attitude.
Back home，I __14__ myself that what my mother could do，I could，too.If she __15__ to live in Rio all by herself，I，too，could learn to be __16__.I learnt how to take care of myself and set high but achievable __17__.
My mother is now back with us.But I will never forget what the __18__ has really taught me.Sacrifices __19__ in the end.The separation between us has proved to be a __20__ for me.
【语篇导读】“我”还是八岁小孩的时候，母亲就让我明白，成人有时也会面对工作和家庭的艰难选择，要努力平衡两者之间的关系；随着年龄增长，我越来越能够体味母亲的坚强与独立；聚少离多的生活也使我在理解母亲的同时，成长为一个坚强独立的人。母亲的牺牲获得了回报。
1．A.attract B．promote C．surprise D．praise
解析考查词义辨析。根据上下文可知母亲将被升职，故选B。答案 B
2．A.little B．much C．well D．wrong
解析考查语境理解。根据下文“允许你跳级”，说明做得好，故选C。答案 C 3．A.leave B．refuse C．contact D．forgive
解析考查语境理解及词义辨析。A.离开；B.拒绝；C.和……联系；D.原谅。根据上下文，可知因为跳级要离开朋友，故选A。答案 A
4．A.explaining B．sleeping C．wondering D．regretting 解析考查语境理解及词义辨析。A.解释；B.睡觉；C.思考；想知道；D.遗憾。根据上下文，这个问题让“我”一直思考，可知选C。答案 C
5．A.poor B．timely C．final D．tough
解析考查词义辨析与语境理解。根据第三自然段第三行the tough choices提示，可知选D。答案 D
6．A.eagerly B．politely C．nervously D．curiously 解析考查副词辨析。A.eagerly热切地；B.礼貌地；C.紧张地；D.好奇地。根据语境，母亲在外地工作，很难见面，“我”一定是“热切地”盼望母亲来电话，故选A。
7．A.patience B．presence C．intelligence D．influence
解析考查名词辨析。A.耐心；B.出席，在场；C.智慧；D.影响。根据语境：可是一个电话永远不可能代替母亲本人在，因此有时很难不感到孤独，可知选B。
8．https://www.360docs.net/doc/af11538000.html,fortable B．expensive C．empty D．modern 解析考查形容词辨析。A.舒适的；B.昂贵的；C.空荡荡的；D.现代化的。根据语境：“看到她空荡荡的寓所，我也意识到母亲自己在巴西也很孤独”与下文中的“lonely”语境呼应，故选C。
9．A.interested in B．aware of C．doubtful about D．satisfied with 解析考查短语辨析。A.对……感兴趣；B.意识到；C.对……感到怀疑；D.对……感到满意，根据语境可知选B。
10．A.when B．where C．which D．that
解析考查强调句型。句意：直到那时，我才开始感激母亲为了平衡工作和家庭所做出的艰难选择。此句是强调时间状语，故选D。答案 D
11．A.abandoning B．balancing C．comparing D．mixing 解析考查动词辨析。A.抛弃；B.平衡；C.对比；D.混合。根据语境可知选B。12．A.Depending on B．Supplied with C．Faced with D．Insisting on 解析考查短语辨析。A.依靠，根据；B.为……提供；C.面临，面对；D.坚持。根据语意：“面对艰难的抉择，她常告诉我，你不可能知道自己的选择是否正确，但你可以用热情和乐观的态度去充分利用这种情况。”可知，选C。
13．A.different B．friendly C．positive D．general
解析考查形容词辨析。A.不同的；B.友好的；C.乐观的；积极的；D.大致的，大体上的。根据语境，“应用乐观的态度面对这种情况”，可知选C。
14．A.criticized B．informed C．warned D．reminded
解析考查动词辨析。A.批判；批评；B.通知，告知；C.警告；D.提醒。根据语境：“回家后我提醒自己：母亲可以做到的，我也能做到。”故选D。
15．A.managed B．offered C．attempted D．expected 解析考查动词辨析。A.manage to do设法成功做到；B.offer to do主动提出做……；
C.attempt to do尝试着做……；
D.expect to do期待要做，预料到做……；根据语境“母亲成功做到独自在异地生活”。故选A。
16．A.grateful B．energetic C．independent D．practical 解析考查形容词辨析。A.感激的；B.精力充沛的；C.独立的；D.实用的。根据上文“She managed to live in Rio all by herself”可知，此处强调其独立性，故选C。
17．A.examples B．limits C．rules D．goals
解析考查名词辨析。A.例子；B.限制；C.规则；D.目标。根据上文可与动词set搭配，且用achievable作定语修饰，语境：“我学会了照顾自己和设立高但可达到的目标”可知选D。
18．A.question B．experience C．history D．occasion
解析考查名词辨析。A.问题；B.经验，经历；C.历史；D.场合。该空在该句中做主语，应是概括前文讲到的经历，故选B。句意：我永远都不会忘记这次经历教给我的一切。19．A.pay off B．come back C．run out D．turn up 解析考查短语辨析。A.没有白费；得到报偿；B.回来；C.用光，用完了；D.出现，到场。该句主语是sacrifices，句意：这些牺牲最后都没有白费。故选A。
20．A.blessing B．gathering C．failure D．pleasure
解析考查名词辨析。A.保佑；赐福；B.聚集，汇聚；C.失败；D.乐趣，乐事。根据语意，由于母亲不在身边，我变得独立、坚强，所以这种经历也使我获得了意想不到的收获。所以，就像上苍赐给我的福气，故选A。
一、说明文型完形填空的特点与解题策略
说明文型完形填空，一般是首先提出一个要说明的对象，如某种理论、方法、技巧、活动等，然后按照从时间、空间、事情发展的顺序，再运用举例、对比、演绎、归纳等一定的方式进行介绍或说明。说明某一个存在的社会现象，产品的制作过程，使用方法等。对于这一类型的完形填空，就考生而言最重要的还是要抓住作者说明的中心，注意概括每一个段落的主旨大意，尤其是文章每一段的开头或结尾，作者往往对说明的话题进行概括说明。二、议论文型完形填空的特点与解题策略
议论型的完形填空一般是直接提出论点，通过论据论证，最后作者提出自己的看法或提出另一个话题供大家讨论。解答这类题要遵循下列原则：
1．对于议论型的完形填空，在掌握全文主旨的情况下，抓住每段的首句是非常重要的。有一项调查结果表明：英语中有60%～90%的议论文的主旨是文章的首句，抓住了文章的主旨也就“牵住了牛鼻子”，再理解文章也就不难了。
2．理清文章的论点、论据和结论。一般说来，能说明论点的主要内容的答案可以在论据里得到印证，且论点里某些答案也可以与论据有机地结合起来，使论点论据形成相辅相成的关系，从而使整篇文章内容上下一致。如果我们所选的答案前后矛盾，论点与论据相悖，最后的结论与论点相矛盾，那就说明我们对文章的把握还欠条理性和系统性，需要重新来理顺文章中的各部分，直到条理清晰为止，然后再依据自己对文章的把握及各部分的逻辑关系选出答案。
完形填空解题四防范
一、失分防范1忽略上下语境关系
不少考生做完形填空时不顾全文的整体理解，不考虑作者的主旨、思想态度等，甚至不顾上下文的连贯逻辑，看一题做一题，顾此失彼，造成较多的失误分。
【典例】
...I __44__ the bus and stood on the pavement not knowing what to do.I looked into the eyes of a stranger，who was trying to get past me.Surprisingly，instead of moving on，she stopped to ask if I was OK.After I explained my __48__ to her，she pointed to a bus stop across the street，where a bus would take me back into the city to my appointment.Sitting there waiting，I felt __50__ that someone had been willing to help.Then，hearing a horn(喇叭)nearby，I looked up to see a car with my new friend waving at me to get in...
44．A.looked at B．waited for C．got off D．ran into
解析根据上文可知，“我”下了公交车，站在人行道上不知所措。根据语境可知C项正确。有不少考生不顾上文语境而误选B项“等公交车”，导致错误。
48．A.idea B．motivation C．excuse D．situation
解析根据上下文语境，当“我”向她解释了“我”的处境之后……，situation处境，境况，故选D。此选项如果忽略上下语境则容易误选其它选项。
50．A.afraid B．grateful C．certain D．disappointed 解析根据上下文，有人愿意主动帮“我”，“我”非常感激(grateful)。根据语境及常识
可知B项正确。如果忽略下文语境“我”的思想，则容易误选D项。
二、失分防范2忽略搭配与词义的推敲能力
【典例】
...Twenty years later，the woman could guess what the professor had in mind.He __44__ himself，perhaps，as inviting his students to start an exciting __45__ into an unknown world invisible(无形的) to the eye，which can be discovered only through scientific methods... 44．A.described B．respected C．saw D．served
解析句意：他可能把自己看成是在邀请学生去探索未知世界。see...as...把……看成，所以应选C项。describe...as...“把……描述为”；respect...as...“把……尊为”；serve...as“充当”；虽然搭配都对，但如果忽略上下文语境意义，则容易导致误选。
45．A.voyage B．movement C．change D．rush
解析根据句意“……邀请学生开始令人激动的对未知世界的探索之旅……”。所以应填voyage“航行”。B项侧重于“短暂的行为活动”，而作者意为“伟大的历程”，而C项“改变”，D项“匆忙，急流”更与文章主旨无关。
三、失分防范3偏离主题，忽略作者意图
完形填空设置选项往往在词性、词义上都是一致、相似的选项，代入设空处没有语法毛病，意义上相差甚微，此时一定要推测文章主题、作者意图、主旨等，不可马虎草率。【典例】
...I __38__.Thanking him，I made a time with him to listen to all the songs and choose the_ones that I could sing.I have come full circle with his help...
His __40__ still warms my heart and makes me do just that bit extra，when I have the chance. 38．A.had to cry B．ought to cry C．should have cried D．could have cried 40．A.courage B．devotion C．kindness D．trust
解析文章大意为：我因病身体残疾，但热爱音乐。在经济困难需要挣钱补贴家用时，我想发挥自己的爱好和特长，去餐馆唱歌挣钱。在我没有足够的钱买昂贵的音乐光盘时，音乐店的老板拿出自己视为珍宝的800首歌曲随便让“我”挑选。……
第38小题，(我很感动)，可能当时我早已泪流满面，故选D项，could have cried表示“当时可能已哭了”，才真正符合作者的表达意图。A项“不得不哭”不能表达作者的“感激之情”。B项“应该哭”，C项“应该哭而没有哭”都不是作者的意图。
第40小题，根据全文可知，作者详细描述店主对自己的帮助，店主的善举感动了作者，故选C项。kindness“友好行为，善举”。而其他选项都不是作者要表达的主旨。
四、失分防范4只顾词义，忽略语法结构
近几年完形填空中很少涉及语法知识，但并不是不涉及，有时选项中某两项意义接近，甚至一样，但涉及到语法时，则只有一个最佳选项。
【典例】
...A man will be __2__ (reading) the newspaper，and seconds later it __3__ as if he is trying to __4__ (eat) it...
3．A.acts B．shows C．appears D．sounds
解析如果理解为“他的行为……”或“他表现地要吃报纸”，则容易误选A或B项。此处It appears/seems as if...为固定句型，意思是“看起来好像……”。此处意为“几秒钟之后，他看起来好像在吃报纸(打瞌睡)。”故答案为C项。
(2014·重庆)Cultural differences occur wherever you go.When visiting another country，you
should be aware of those differences and __1__ them.Here are some __2__ on how to fit in.
Every traveler to a foreign country feels __3__ at some point.What you do can make locals laugh.Your best defense is a sense of __4__.If you can laugh off eating with the wrong hand in India，locals will warm to you as“that crazy foreigner.”
Wearing proper clothes is important too，__5__ locals will judge you by what you wear.In some Middle Eastern countries，exposing your flesh is __6__，especially if you are a woman.So leave your torn jeans at home.
Also be cautious about expressing __7__.Getting angry in Southeast Asia just makes you look silly.In some countries it is __8__ to kiss in public.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文化差异无处不在，当在别的国家时意识到这种差异是十分重要的，关于如何适应这种差异，本文为读者提供了三点实用的建议。
1．A.reject B．recite C．respect D．remove 解析根据下文提及的“入乡随俗”的建议，我们首先应该“尊重”这种文化差异，故选C。
2．A.plans B．tips C．arguments D．choices 解析该文章第一段与下面三段是总分关系，该句是中心句。根据下文三条并列的建议可知此处填tips。
3．A.unsafe B．excited C．satisfied D．awkward 解析根据语境，初到某处有文化差异定会令人感到尴尬笨拙，故选D。
4．A.relief B．belonging C．humor D．direction 解析根据下文列举实例可知当遇到尴尬情况时，幽默感可以让你感觉舒服一些，故选C。5．A.but B．for C．so D．or
解析后文是解释提出前面建议的原因，故用for。
6．A.forbidden B．allowed C．expected D．tolerated 解析根据该段最后一句“把你的破了洞的牛仔留在家里”，可知在中东国家露肉是被“禁止”的，故选A。
7．A.emotions B．concern C．interest D．views 解析根据后一句“生气会让你看起来愚蠢”，可知一定要小心表达自己的“情感”，故选A。
8．A.natural B．advisable C．unwise D．unnecessary 解析根据本段建议要小心表达个人情感，而亲吻是表达情感的方式，所以当众亲吻定是“不明智”的，故选C。
B
(2014·广东)Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers.Then again，teenagers have __1__ feelings about their parents，saying that it is not easy living with them.According to a recent research，the most common __2__ between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks.
On the one hand，parents go mad over __3__ rooms，clothes thrown on the floor and their children's refusal to help with the __4__.On the other hand，teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for __5__ the towel in the bathroom，not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket.
The research，conducted by St.George University，shows that different parents have different __6__ to these problems.However，some approaches are more __7__ than
others.For example，those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness，but __8__ clean the room for them，have fewer chances of changing their children's __9__.On the contrary，those who let teenagers experience the __10__ of their actions can do better.For example，when teenagers who don't help their parents with the shopping don't find their favorite drink in the refrigerator，they are forced to __11__ their actions. Psychologists say that __12__ is the most important thing in parentchild relationships.Parents should __13__ to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say.Parents may __14__ their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private https://www.360docs.net/doc/af11538000.html,munication is a twoway process.It is only by listening to and __15__ each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，指出父母与十几岁的孩子之间存在矛盾冲突及其原因，不同父母对此采取的不同方法，以及心理学家对解决冲突的建议。
1．A.natural B．strong C．guilty D．similar 解析由not easy living with them (their parents) (孩子觉得与父母生活在一起不易)与difficult to live with teenagers(父母觉得与十几岁的孩子生活在一起很难)可知，孩子与父母有“相似的”感受。答案 D
2．A.interest B．argument C．link D．knowledge 解析由前两句，可知父母之间有“矛盾”，再根据regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks(关于不整洁和日常事情)，对照各选项，只有argument(争吵)适合。答案 B
3．A.noisy B．crowded C．messy D．locked 解析由前句的untidiness和后面的clothes thrown on the floor可知，房间是messy(凌乱不堪的)。答案 C
4．A.homework B．housework C．problem D．research 解析由上文提到的收拾房间之类的事，应是housework(家务活)。答案 B
5．A.washing B．using C．dropping D．replacing 解析由后面的not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping可知，这里应是dropping the towel in the bathroom，一起为blame them的原因。答案 C
6．A.approaches B．contributions C．introductions D．attitudes 解析由下句的However，some approaches提示，可知这里是指“不同的父母对待这些问题有不同的‘方法’”，故选A项。答案 A
7．https://www.360docs.net/doc/af11538000.html,plex B．popular C．scientific D．successful 解析从下面的例子可以看出，有的方法比别的方法更能“达到预期的目的(successful)”。下文中的do better也有提示作用。故选D项。答案 D
8．https://www.360docs.net/doc/af11538000.html,ter B．deliberately C．seldom D．thoroughly 解析yell at their children(对孩子大声叫喊)之后，意为“但是‘后来’又为他们清扫房间”。答案 A
9．A.behavior B．taste C．future D．nature 解析根据上下文语境，应该是改变孩子不爱整洁的“行为(behavior)”。答案 A 10．A.failures B．changes C．consequences D．thrills 解析据下文所举的例子“不帮父母去买东西”“在冰箱里就找不到自己最喜欢的饮料”可知，这是让孩子“感受到自己的行为产生的‘后果’”。故选C项。答案 C 11．A.defend B．delay C．repeat D．reconsider 解析在有了上述经历之后，他们就会“重新考虑”他们的行动。答案 D
12．https://www.360docs.net/doc/af11538000.html,munication B．bond C．friendship D．trust
解析由下文中的Communication is a twoway process可知，此处填communication A 13．A.reply B．attend C．attach D．talk 解析由but可知，要选与lend an ear to(＝listen to倾听)相对的talk，是转折关系，故选D项。答案 D
14．A.hate B．scold C．frighten D．stop 解析由but可知，要选与understand (理解)相对的scold(责骂)。答案 B 15．A.loving B．observing C．understanding D．praising 解析此句是强调句型，是对前两句的总结，一句是说要lend an ear to(＝listen to倾听)，一句是说要understand (理解)，所以总结为“只有通过倾听和相互理解，父母与孩子之间的问题才可得到解决”。故选C项。答案 C