Unit overview - 6 – Intermediate Unit 1

九年级英语新目标初中英语语法知识大全辅导

九年级英语新目标2010最新初中英语语法知识大全辅导 2010最新初中英语语法知识大全原创（一）形容词和副词 I．要点（1）形容词比较等级的用法 ①表示两者的比较，用形容词的比较级+than. 如： He is cleverer than the other boys. This one is more beautiful than that one. ②表示两者以上的比较，用"the +形容词最高级（+名词）+of(in) …"如： He is the cleverest boy in his class. ③表示两者是同等程度，用"as +形容词原级+as". 如： He is as tall as I. I have as many books as you. ④ 越… 越… 例如：The more I learn, the happier I am. ⑤ You can never be too careful. 越小心越好又如：You can never praise the teacher too highly. 你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。 ⑥ I have never spent a more worrying day. 那一天是最令我担心的一天。 I have never had a better dinner. 这是我吃过的最好的一顿饭。

⑦ My English is no better than yours. 我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样。例2 ____ the worse I seem to be. A When I take more medicine B The more medicine I take C Taking more of the medicine D More medicine taken 解析：该题正确答案为B。"the+形容词比较级+… , the +形容词比较级+…"意为越…，越…。该句意为：吃的药越多，我的病越是加重。例3"I haven't been to London yet". "I haven't been there ____". A too B also C either D neither 解析：该题正确答案为C。A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither 本身意为否定"两者都不"，而C-either则用于否定句中，意为"也"。（二）介词 I．要点（2） between, among（表位置） between仅用于二者之间，但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时，也用between, 如 I'm sitting between Tom and Alice. The village lies between three hills. among用于三者或三者以上之间。如： He is the best among the students.

《跨文化交际》_名词解释

1.Globalization is considered as a process of increasing involvment in international business operations. 经济学视角中的全球化表现为不断增加的国际商务往来过程。 2.Macroculture:The term macroculture implies losing ethnic differences and forming one large society. 宏观文化意味着种族差异的消失和一个大社会的形成。 3.Melting pot means a sociocultural assimilation of people of different backgrounds and nationlities. 熔炉:不同背景和国籍的人们之间的社会文化的同化。 4.Microcultures:cultures within cultures 微观文化：文化中的文化 5.Intercultural communication refers to communication between people whose culture perceptions and symbol systems are distinct enough to alter the communication event. 跨文化交际:指拥有不同文化认知和符号体系的人文之间进行的交际。 Chapter 1 6.Culture is a learned set of shared interpretations about beliefs,values,and norms,which affect the behavior of a relatively large group of people. 文化是习得的一套关于信仰，价值观，规范的公认的解释，这些信仰，价值观，规范对相当大人类群体的行为产生影响。 7.Culture identity refers to one’s sense of belonging to a particular culture or ethnic group. 文化身份：指有意识地把自己归为某一特定文化或种族群体。 8.Subculture are formed by groups of people possessing characteristic traits that set apart and distinguish them from others within a larger society or dominant culture. 亚文化:具有能在更大的一个社会范围内或主流文化中使自己有别于他人的特点的人类群体所形成的文化。 9.Subgroup are groups with the dominant culture does not agree and with which it has communication problems. 亚群体:与主流文化不一致，并与主流文化有交际障碍的交际群体。 10.Rules may refers to socially agreed-on behavior or to individual guidelines for behavior. 规则:社会认同的行为或行为的个体原则。 11.Norms are culturally ingrained principles of correct and incorrect behaviors which, if broken carry a form of overt or covert penalty. 规范指的是正确和不正确行为根深蒂固的文化原则，这种不正确的行为一旦发生，就意味着一种显性或隐性的处罚。 Chapter 2 12.Enculturation is the socialization process you go through to adapt to your society. 社会文化适应：人们学习适应自己所在社会的文化的社会化过程。 13.Acculturation refers to an individual’s learning and adopting the norms and

跨文化交际-unit1-6-课后translation中英对照

Unit 1 Page 22 The growth of intercultural communication as a field of study is based on a view of hi story that clearly demonstrates people and cultures have been troubled by a persistent i nability to understand and get along with groups and societies removed by space, ideol ogy, appearance, and behavior from their own. What is intriguing about many of huma n civilization's failure is that they appear to be personal as well as global. The story of h umankind is punctuated with instances of face-to-face conflicts as well as international misunderstanding--major and minor quarrels that range from simple name-calling to i solationism or even armed conflict. It is obvious that increased contact with other cultures and subcultures makes it impe rative for us to make a concerted effort to get along with and to try to understand peop le whose beliefs and backgrounds may be vastly different from our own. The ability, thr ough increased awareness and understanding, to peacefully coexist with people who do not necessarily share our lifestyles or values could benefit us not only in our own neigh borhoods but could be the decisive factor in maintaining world peace. 纵观历史，我们可以清楚地看到，人们由于彼此所处地域、意识形态、容貌服饰和行为举止上存在的差异，而长久无法互相理解、无法和睦相处。在这种情况下，跨文化交际作为一个特定的研究领域得以形成和发展。值得注意的是，人类文明在发展过程中所遭受的许多挫折，既是个人的，又是全球性的；人类历史进程总是充满了个人间的直接冲突和民族间的误解——从骂骂咧咧到孤立主义直至到武装冲突，大大小小争端不绝。很显然，文化间以及亚文化间的交往比以前多了，这迫切要求我们共同努力，去理解有着不同信仰和文化背景的人们，并与之和睦相处。通过加深认识和理解，我们能够与生活方式、价值观念不同的人们和平共处；这不但有益于我们周遭环境的安定，也是维护世界和平的决定性因素。 Unit 2 Page 60 Culture is sometimes referred to as our mental programming，our “software of the mind. ” But we can take that computer analogy further and say that culture is the operating environment that enables software programs to run. Culture is like DOS or Unix or Windows：it is what enables us to process information in various specific application. The metaphor of windows seems to be very appealing to describe culture: culture is a mental set of windows through which all of life is viewed. It various from individual to individual within a society, but it shares important characteristics with menbers of a society. Culture is like the water fish swim in┄a reality that is taken for granted and rarely examined. it is in the air we breath and is as necessary to our understanding of who we are as air is to our physical life. Culture is the property of a community of people, not simply a characteristic of individuals. Societies are programmed by culture, and that programming comes from similar life experiences and similar interpretations of what those experiences mean. If culture is mental programming, it is also a mental map of reality. It tells us from early childhood what matters, what to prefer, what to avoid, and what to do. Culture

人教版九年级英语Unit6知识点总结

人教版九年级英语 Unit6《When was it invented ?》知识点 1.invent v. 发明inventor n. 发明家 invention n. 发明，可数名词 The inventor has invented many inventions in the past few years. 2. be used for doing=be used to do ，用来做…（是被动语态）（这个短语的考点有两点，一是used for的意思，二是for后面用动名词）Pens are used for writing. 笔是用来写的。 used to do 过去常常做某事 be/get used to doing 习惯于做某事 put into good use 好好利用 use sth. to do 用某物做某事给某人某样东西give sth. to sb. I gave a pen to him. 我给他一支笔。 give sb. sth. I gave him a pen. 我给他一支笔。第 1 页共14 页

pass/offer /send/show/write/bring/sell/lend/serve/ to buy/cook/make/get/sing/prepare for 4. all day 整天all evening/night the whole day 5. salty adj. 咸的salt n. 盐 sour/sweet/bitter/hot/salty 酸甜苦辣咸 6. by mistake 错误地（犯错是：make mistakes=make a mistake，这些常见的短语大家务必要掌握） I took the umbrella by mistake. 我不小心拿错了雨伞。 7. by accident/chance 意外，偶然（常见短语，考的最多的是它的意思） I met her by accident at bus stop. 我在公共汽车站意外地见到了她。 have a chance to do sth=have a chance of doing sth. have an opportunity to do sth.= have an opportunity of doing sth. 有机会做某事 make sb./sth+形容词：使…怎么样第 2 页共14 页

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【人教版新目标九年级英语课文翻译全一册】英语人教版九年级全一册一单元 SECTION A 1a 我通过制作抽认卡来学习。通过和朋友一起学习。通过听磁带。通过做抽认卡。通过向老师求助。通过读课本。通过制作单词本。 1c A：你怎么为考试而学习。B：我通过参加学习小组来学习。 2a 1、你是通过看英文录像学英语的吗？ 2、你曾和朋友们练习过对话吗？ 3、听磁带怎么样？ 4、大声朗读以练习发音怎么样？5、我曾经通过参加学习小组的方式学习过吗？ 2b A是的，我通过那种学习方式学到了很多。B、哦，是的，它提高了我说英语的能力。C、有时那样做。我觉得他有用。D、不。（通过看英语录像学习）太难了，无法理解录像中的人所说的话。 2c A你曾经通过参加学习小组来学习吗？B、是的，我参加赤字，通过那种方式我学到了很多。

Grammer Focus 你怎么为准备一场考试而学习？ __听磁带。你怎样学习英语？我通过参加学习小组来学习。你通过大声朗读来学习英语吗？是的，我是。你曾和朋友们练习过对话吗？哦，是的，他提高了我说英语的能力。你曾经通过参加学习？小组来学习吗？是的，我参加过。通过那种方式我学习到了很多。 3a如何才能学得最好这星期我们询问了新星高中的同学关于学习更多英语的最佳方法的问题。许多同学说他们通过使用英语为学习它，一些还有很特别的建议。比如，李莉莲说学习新单词的最好的方法是阅读英语杂志。她说记忆浒音乐的歌词也有一些作用。当我们问及学习语法的问题时，她说：“我从不学习语法。它太枯燥了。” 魏明有不同的看法。他学习英语已经6年了，并且确实喜欢英语。他认为学习语法是学习一门语言的一种好方法。他还认为观看英语电影也不错，国灰他可以看到演员说话的情形。但是，有时候他发现看英语电影是件很头痛的事情，因为那些演员说话太快了。

(完整word版)仁爱英语九年级下册Unit6-知识点,推荐文档.doc

仁爱英语九年级下册Unit6- 知识点 Unit 6 Topic 1 Section A 1.It’s + adj. + (for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说做是的。 e.g.It ’sdifficult for us to learn English well. 对我们来说学好英语很难。 2.in one’sspare time = in one’sfree time 在某人的空余时间 e.g. In my spare time, I often watch TV. 3. prefer v. 更喜欢 prefer sth.更喜欢 prefer to do sth.更喜欢做 prefer A to B喜欢A胜过B（A、B指的是物） prefer doing sth. to doing sth.喜欢做胜过做 e.g. I prefer staying at home to shopping. 我喜欢待在家胜过购物。 e.g.I prefer to sing folk songs. 我喜欢唱民歌。 4.would rather do than do s 相当于 would do rather than do ，比起做更愿意做 e.g.I would rather read books than play basketball. 比起打篮球，我更愿意看书。当 than 前后的动作一致时，为避免重复，后者可省略。 e.g. I would rather play football than basketball. Unit 6 Topic 1 Section B 1.be interested in 对感兴趣 2.be based on 根据；取材于；以为基础 e.g. The book is based on teaching book.那本书是根据教材改编的。 The report is based on his recent research. 这份报告是以他最近的研究为基础的。 3.put on 上映；穿上 e.g. The movie will be put on next week. It ’ s cold. Please put on yourcoat. 4.decide to do sth. 决定做某事 e.g. They decided to go at once. 他们决定马上走。 5.介词 but，意为“除之外” ，常用于 all, nothing, no one 等词后。 e.g. No one but me saw him. 除了我之外，没有人看到他。 Unit 6 Topic 1 Section C 1.follow in one ’sfootsteps to步（某人）的后尘，继承（某人）的事业。 e.g. The girl is followingin his father s steps’ and studying to be a doctor. 这女孩继承她父亲的事业，已在学医。 2.be into sth./doing sth. 热衷于，对感兴趣 e.g. My brother is into playing basketball. 我哥哥热衷于打篮球。 3.take up 从事，占据（时间 / 空间） 4.such a great thing 这么伟大的一件事， such 如此，多么，与 so 同义，但用法不同。接名词单数时可以互换，但语序有不同。 such a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数

人教版英语九年级语法知识点

1. by + doing 通过……方式如：by studying with a group by 还可以表示："在…旁","靠近","在…期间"、"用,""经过","乘车"等如：I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o'clock. The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus. 2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论如：The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。talk to sb. === talk with sb. 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子： ①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don't you + do sth.? 如：Why don't you go shopping? ③Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? ④Let's + do sth. 如：Let's go shopping ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping? 4. a lot 许多常用于句末如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。 5. too…to 太…而不能常用的句型too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。 6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。 ①aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大, 常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。 ②loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 ③loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。 7. not …at all 一点也不根本不如： I like milk very much. I don't like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。 not经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾 8. be / get excited about sth.=== be / get excited about doing sth. === be excited to do sth. 对…感兴奋如： I am / get excited about going to Beijing.=== I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。 9. ①end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事如： The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 ②end up with sth. 以…结束如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。 10. first of all 首先. to begin with 一开始later on 后来、随 11. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也(用于肯定句) 常在句末 12. make mistakes 犯错如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。

《跨文化交际》-名词解释

经济学视角中的全球化表现为不断增加的国际商务往来过程。 1.Macroculture:The term macroculture implies losing ethnic differences and forming one large society. 宏观文化意味着种族差异的消失和一个大社会的形成。 2.Melting pot means a sociocultural assimilation of people of different backgrounds and nationlities. 熔炉:不同背景和国籍的人们之间的社会文化的同化。 3.Microcultures:cultures within cultures 微观文化：文化中的文化 4.Intercultural communication refers to communication between people whose culture perceptions and symbol systems are distinct enough to alter the communication event. 跨文化交际:指拥有不同文化认知和符号体系的人文之间进行的交际。 Chapter 1 5.Culture is a learned set of shared interpretations about beliefs,values,and norms,which affect the behavior of a relatively large group of people. 文化是习得的一套关于信仰，价值观，规范的公认的解释，这些信仰，价值观，规范对相当大人类群体的行为产生影响。 6.Culture identity refers to one’s sense of belonging to a particular culture or ethnic group. 文化身份：指有意识地把自己归为某一特定文化或种族群体。 7.Subculture are formed by groups of people possessing characteristic traits that set apart and distinguish them from others within a larger society or dominant culture. 亚文化:具有能在更大的一个社会范围内或主流文化中使自己有别于他人的特点的人类群体所形成的文化。 8.Subgroup are groups with the dominant culture does not agree and with which it has communication problems. 亚群体:与主流文化不一致，并与主流文化有交际障碍的交际群体。 9.Rules may refers to socially agreed-on behavior or to individual guidelines for behavior. 规则:社会认同的行为或行为的个体原则。 10.Norms are culturally ingrained principles of correct and incorrect behaviors which, if broken carry a form of overt or covert penalty. 规范指的是正确和不正确行为根深蒂固的文化原则，这种不正确的行为一旦发生，就意味着一种显性或隐性的处罚。 Chapter 2 11.Enculturation is the socialization process you go through to adapt to your society. 社会文化适应：人们学习适应自己所在社会的文化的社会化过程。 12.Acculturation refers to an individual’s learning and adopting the norms and values of the new host culture. 文化适应：人们学习适应新文化的社会规范和价值观的过程。 13.分隔和隔离separation and segregation refer to maintaining one’s original

人教版九年级英语Unit6知识点归纳

Unit6 When was it invented ? 一．短语归纳【动词短语】 advise s b (not) to do sth建议某人(不要)做某事be similar to 与……相似 be used for doing sth =be used to do sth被用来做某事 be used as 被用作… be used by sb. 被某人使用 bring(brought) sth. to sp.把某物带到某处come u p with 想出 decide t o do sth. =.make a decision to do sth 决定做某事divide ...into… 把…分成…　 dream of doing sth 梦想做某事 encourage s b. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 fall into(过去式fell into)=drop into掉进… help sb do sth. =help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 lead to导致 less than少于，不到 →【反】more than = over 超过 look up the word 查找单词 look up to sb.钦佩某人 make a mistake 犯错【连词】not only ... but also...不但…而且…【数词】 thousands of 成千上万 Hundreds of 成百上千 Five hundred 五百【介词短语】 all of a sudden 突然地 at a low price 以很低的价格 at that time 在那时 at the same time 同时 by accident 偶然地，意外地 by mistake 错误地，无意地 in my daily life在我的日常生活中 in our daily lives 在我们的日常生活中 in the 19th century 在19世纪 in the end = at last = finally 最后 in this way这样，用这种方式 on a hard floor 在坚硬的地板上 over an open fire 在篝火上 without doubt 毫无疑问【句型】

强力推荐新课标人教版新目标九年级英语语法复习2

初三英语语法复习人教版（新目标）一. 教学内容：语法复习初中常见句型 1. It’s time for breakfast. 2. It’s time to go to school. 3. enjoy doing sth. 4. It’s bad/good for ... 5. be late for 6. You’d better stay at home. (had better do/ not do sth) 7. Why not go by s hip? It’s cheap. 8. It took him two weeks to make the trip. (It takes sb some time to do sth.) 9. ask sb to do/not to do sth 10. I didn’t leave until 9 o’clock in the evening. (not...until...) 11. We didn’t get home until nine o’clock. (not...until...) 12. The mutton was so delicious that they ate a lot of it. (so...that...) 13. They didn’t come until it was time to begin the game. (not...until...) 14. You must go home as fast as you can. (as...as) 15. My family is not as big as yours. (not as/so ...as) 16. You need to change your habits. (need to do) 17. There was neither cold nor hunger there. (neither ...nor) 18. I had a chance to go to either Australia or Canana. (either ...or) 19. I could not only speak, but also read and write English. (not only ...but also) 20. I was too excited to go to sleep. (too...to) 21. As soon as he touched his bed, it turned into gold. (as soon as ...) 22. She told us about a party that she saw. (tell sb about sth) 23. I said that I wanted to help him. 24. I did not understand what it was about. 25. He asked me if he could shoot a couple of shots with my basketball. 26. I don’t know where the rest of them are. 27. It seemed that this man could jump at least ten feet in the air. (It seems that...) 28. I told him that a very famous player used to play at this school. (used to do) 29. He did what he could to help the homeless children of London. 30. What happened to Helen at night? (happen to sb) 31. Have a good journey! 32. Would yo u like to see the film with me? I’d love to, but it’s too late. 33. Here is a letter for you. It’s from London. 34. I wish you luck. (wish sb sth.) 35. I’m afraid not. 36. Help yourself to some more. 37. Help yourself to anything you like.

英语专业跨文化交际考试复习题名词解释

英语专业跨文化交际考试复习题名词解释 Culture：is a learned set of shared interpretations about beliefs,values,and norms,which affect the behavior of a relatively large group of people. culture ：what the behavior and customs mean to the people who are following them. high-context culture：a culture in which meaning is not necessarily contained in words. Information is provided through gestures, the use of space, and even silence. low-context culture ：a culture in which the majority of the information is vested in the explicit code. Linguistic determinist is that language structure controls thought and cultural norms. Linguistic relativity holds that culture is controlled by and controls language. verbal communication ：communication done both orally and in written language nonverbal communication ：involves all nonverbal stimuli in a communication setting that is generated by both the source and his or her use of the environment and that has potential message value for the source or receiver. Individual Culture：Individuals tend to define themselves by the extent to which they are different from, rather than similar to other. People are encouraged to display self-confidence and assertiveness, disclosure of personal thoughts and feelings. collectivist culture：Collectivist cultures place little value on individual identity and great value on group identity. They have been labeled as “we” cultures because basic unit is the in-group or collective. Paralanguage refers to the rate ,pitch and volume qualities of the voice,which interrupt or temporarily take the place of speech and affect the meaning of a message. monochronic time (M Time)：It schedules one event at a time. In these cultures time is perceived as a linear structure just like a ribbon stretching from the past into the future. polychronic time (P Time)：schedules several activities at the same time. In these culture people emphasize the involvement of people more than schedules. They do not see appointments as ironclad commitments and often break them. ethnocentrism ：the vie w of things in which one’s own group is the center of everything, and all others are scaled and rated with reference to it. Ethnocentrism is judging another culture solely by the values and standards of one's own culture. The ethnocentric individual will judge other groups relative to his or her own particular ethnic group or culture, especially with concern to language, behavior, customs, and religion. These ethnic distinctions and subdivisions serve to define each ethnicity's unique cultural identity. It refers to negatively judging aspects of another culture by the standards of one’s own culture. stereotypes ：a form of generalization about some group of people, or a means of organizing images into fixed and simple categories that are used to stand for the entire collection of people. stereotypes：refers to negative or positive judgment made about individuals based on any observable or believed group membership. prejudice ：It refers to negative attitudes towards other people that are based on faulty and inflexible stereotypes. It is an unfair, biased, or intolerant attitude towards