新版新目标英语八上unit1 unit2单元重点难点短语单词详解

Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?

Section A

1.go to the mountains去爬山

2.visit +地点/人visitor n.旅游者

3.不定代词：

人：somebody anybody nobody everybody

someone anyone no one everyone 物：something anything nothing everything (1)和every相关的everybody、everyone、everything可用于各类句子。例：Everything goes well一切顺利

(2)和any 相关的anyone、anybody 、anything用于否定句和疑问句。例：Mary doesn’t know anything about the news (3)和some相关的somebody、someone、something用于肯定句，表示“某人或某物”。例：Someone is singing.

(4)Nobody、no one、nothing本身具有否定意义。

例：Nobody knows this important secret.

(5)形容词与不定代词相连用的位置：

不定代词+形容词

例：something important

anything special

(6)不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。

4.go with+sb 和某人一起去……

5.Long time no see 好久不见

6.quite a few相当多=lots of=a lot of=plenty of

接可数名词a few有一些、few很少（几乎没有、否定概念）接不可数名词a little有一些、little很少（几乎没有、否定概念）7.take photos拍照

take photos with 和……合影take photos of 给……拍照

8.what about+名词/代词/动名词

9.Most of the time大多数时间

谓语动词的单复数取决于Most of 后面所修饰的名词

例：Most of the students go to the beach.

例：Most of the water turns green.

10.taste/look/feel/sound/smell+形容词

11.一切顺利：Everything was excellent./ Everything goes well

12.你认为……怎么样？

How do you like…？=what do you think of …?= how do you feel about…?

13.buy sb sth=buy sth for sb

14.Seem 看起来……

(1)seem+形容词例：Tom seems tired.

(2)Seem like “好像”例：It seems like a good idea.

(3)Seem to do“似乎”例：I seem to have a cold.

(4)It seems/seemed +从句“似乎”

例：It seems that I can pass the exam.

15.nothing much to do没什么事可做

nothing…but 出了……之外，什么也没有

16.Bye for now 到这该说再见了

17.feed----fed 喂养

18.Keep a diary 记日记

Section B

1.到达

（1）arrive in+大地点arrive at+小地点

（2）get to +地点

（3）reach+地点

2.decide to do 决定做……

3. try doing sth 动作已发生，不一定付出太多努力

try to do sth 动作未发生，付出努力

4.（1）feel like+从句“感受到……”

例：He feels like he is swimming.

（2）feel like “想要……”+名词/代词/动名词

例：Do you feel like taking a walk with me?

5.wonder “想知道，琢磨”后接who,what,why等疑问词引导的宾语从句。

例：I wonder who the man is.

6.in the past 在过去

pass v.通过pass the exam通过考试

7. (1)want to do (2)want sb to do (3)want sb not to do

8.Start to do =start doing sth=begin to do =begin doing sth

Start 作“开始”讲时，start 与begin 两者可以互换，但是start 表示“出发、机器开动、创办”讲时，不能用begin

9.wait for+某人/某物

wait at+地点

例:I wair for the bus at the bus station.

10.Over

（1）结束（2）在……上方(3)遍及all over the world

（4）超过，多余=more than

11.太多（1）too many+可数名词（2）too much+不可数名词

太much too+形容词

12.because of +词组/名词/代词/动名词

Because+句子

13.bring 带来, take带走,fetch去取并且拿来Bring/take + 人/物+ to +地点

14.Enough

(1)形容词+enough

(2)名词+enough 或者enough+名词

15.as (1)像……一样(2)作为（3）按照（4）当……的时候

16.forget to 未做, forget doing已做

17.stop doing 停止做……Stop to do 开始做……

18.dislike =hate

19.why not+动词原形=why don’t you+动词原形

20.（1）so …that…如此……以至于……

（2）so that 为了

He runs quickly so that he can catch up the bus.

(3)so +形容词+冠词+名词such +冠词+形容词+名词

21.Tell sb (not) to do sth

22.Keep doing sth 一直做……

23.Jump into跳入Jump off 跳离

Jump over跳过Jump out of 跳出

https://www.360docs.net/doc/c38713802.html,e up 出现，发生

25.What +a/an +adj+可数名词单数+主语+谓语

What + adj+可数名词复数+主语+谓语

26.how+adj/adv+主语+谓语

how+主语+谓语

how+adj+a/an+可数名词单+主语+谓语

Unit 2 How often do you exercise?

Section A

1.on weekends 泛指每个周末

on the weekend 在这个周末，是特指某个周末

2. What do you usually do on weekends? 你周末通常干什么？

这是一个特殊疑问句，由特殊疑问词 what ＋助动词＋主语＋谓语动词＋其它构成。

特殊疑问句应该是问什么答什么。

e.g. What does she usually do on weekends? 她周末通常干什么？ She usually goes to the movies. 她通常去看电影。

3 ． How often do you exercise? 你多久锻炼一次？

（ 1 ） how often“多久” how often 是针对动作发生的频率提问，回答应该是频率副词或表频率的副词词组，如 once, very often, every day, never 等。

e.g. － How often do you watch TV? 你多久看一次电视？－ Twice a week. 一周两次。

e.g. How often does he go back to London? 他多久回一次伦敦？ Once a year. 一年一次。

（一次 once, 两次 twice, 三次或三次以上用 times .e.g. 4 times 4 次； some times 几次。）

（ 2 ） exercise 这个词可以用作动词，也可以用作名词，在这个

句子中是用作动词，意为“锻炼”。

e.g. You should exercise more. 你应该多锻炼（运动）。

exercise 作名词时，可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词。

4.几个表示频率的副词： always =all the time 一直，总是

e.g. She is always very happy. 她总是很快乐。 usually 通常

e.g. I usually go to school by bike. 我通常骑自行车去上学。 often 经常，常常

e.g. We often go to play soccer after school. 我们经常在放学后去踢球。

sometimes=at times 有时，偶尔

e.g. Sometimes we talk on the phone. 有时我们在电话上谈谈。 hardly ever 几乎从不，很少

e.g. He hardly ever goes to the movies. 他几乎从不看电影。 never 从不，从未

e.g. She is never late for school. 她上学从来不迟到。这几个副词表示动作发生的频率程度依次递降为：

always → usually → often → sometimes → hardly ever → never ※这些词表示经常性动作或情况，不是指某一具体动作，常用一般现在时。在句中的位置通常是动

词 be ，情态动词、助动词之后，实义动词之前。 sometimes 有时可位于句首或句末。

※ hardly adv. 几乎不，几乎没有

这个副词本身有否定的意思，用在句中这个句子等于是一个否定句，不需要再加其它否定词。

e.g. He can hardly know his name. 他几乎不认识自己的名字。

5.how long, how soon, how many times, how far辨析：

（1）how long对时间提问时，意为“多久”

—How long have you been in China

一For about three years．大约三年.

(2)how soon意为“多久以后”.多用于将来时间，其答语为in+一段时间. —How soon will your mother come back?你妈妈多久以后回来? 一She will be back in ten minutes．她十分钟以后回来.

(3)how many times意为“多少次”，它只询问次数，即“多少次”.常用once一次,twice两次，three times三次等回答. 一How many times did you get to Beijing?你去北京几次了? —Oh，four times．哦，四次了.

(4)how far意为“离……多远”，多用来询问路程.

How far is it from your school to your home?你家距离学校有多远?

6.hard, hardly

hard既可作形容词，也可作副词，其词义丰富；hardly是具有“几乎没有，几乎不”这种否定含义的独立副词.

ms ground is too bard to dig．这块地太硬，挖不动.(adj．) Chinese is hard t0 learn for foreigners．对于外国人来说汉语很难学.(adj.)

You should study hard．你应该努力学习.(adv．)

There is hardly any coffee left．几乎没剩下什么咖啡了.(adv．) Hardly anybody came．几乎没有什么人来. (adv．)

6.although , though

although和though作连词用，意为“尽管，虽然”，二者可以通用.

Although／Though they are so poor ,they have enough to eat·他们虽然穷，食物还是够吃的.

注意：在一个句子中，用了although或though就不能用but了，用了but则不能用although或though，即：“虽然……但是……”不见面，但是可以用yet.

7. 区分sometimes，sometime ，some time，some times

（1）sometimes的意思是“有时”，是副词。例如：Sometimes he comes by bike and sometimes by bus. 他有时骑车来，有时乘公共汽车来。

（2）sometime也是副词，意思是“在某个时候”。可用于一般过去时与将来时。例如：You can hand in your homework sometime before Friday. 你可以在周五前某个时候交作业。（3）some time 是名词短语，它的意思是“一段时间”。例如：I'll be away for some time. 我将离开一段时间。

（4）some times也是一个名词短语，time在这里用作可数名词，意思是“次数”。some times的意思是“几次”。例如：I have been

to the Great Wall some times. 我去过长城几次。有一个口诀可以帮助记忆：分开“一段时间”，相聚“某个时候”；S连住是“有时”，分开“几次”、“几倍”行。解释：some和time分开写时表示“一段时间”，连着写时表示“某个时候”；有S连着写时表示“有时”，分开写表示“几次”、“几倍”的意思。

8.How come?怎么回事？怎么会？

9.full(1)满的反义词：empty

(2)饱的反义词：hungry

(3)忙的反义词：free

10.What’s your favorite program?=What program do you like best?

11.Help sb with sth=help sb (to) do sth

Section B

1. want sth want直接加名词想要某物

want to do sth 想做某事

want sb to do sth 想让某人做某事

want sb not to do sth 想让某人不要做某事

2.be good for 对……有益

be good at 擅长……后面接“名词，代词，动名词”be good with 和……相处的好

3.find +宾语+形容词He found the room dirty.

Find+宾语+ 现在分词I found her standing at the door. 4.go to the dentist 去看牙医

5.Be afraid to do sth 害怕去做某事

Be afraid of sb/ sth 害怕某人/某事

Be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事

6.less than 反义短语more than

7.It’s +形容词+（for sb）+ to do sth

例：It’s +important+（for you）+ to listen carefully in class.

8.not …at all 一点也不，根本不

Not at all不客气=You are welcome

9.ask sb about sth问某人关于某事

10.More than=over多于